A synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning

Abstract

This invention provides a synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning, belonging to the field of laser cleaning technology. The invention includes a laser head, an optical path cylinder, an air inlet structure, an exhaust pipe, and a protective lens. The laser head is mounted on the upper end of the optical path cylinder, and an inner protective cover is fixedly connected to the lower end of the optical path cylinder. A channel cavity is provided inside the optical path cylinder. The air inlet structure is disposed on the inner protective cover and can uniformly deliver protective gas into the interior of the inner protective cover. The exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the inner protective cover and communicates with the interior of the inner protective cover. The protective lens is disposed within the channel cavity. This invention can form a temporary sealed atmosphere protection chamber on the metal surface to be cleaned, improving the utilization rate of the protective gas during the cleaning process, thereby achieving better laser cleaning results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser cleaning technology and relates to a synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cleaning is a technology that uses a laser beam to clean the surface of an object. Through the thermal vibration and ablation processes of the high-energy laser beam, it instantly evaporates or melts dirt, oxide layers, coatings, and other substances on the surface of the object, achieving the cleaning purpose. Current laser cleaning technology can reliably clean a wide variety of substrates, such as titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, ceramics, and glass, and is widely used in aerospace, high-speed rail, shipbuilding, and automotive industries. Compared to traditional contaminant cleaning technologies, including mechanical grinding, sandblasting, water spraying, and acid pickling, laser cleaning offers advantages such as high efficiency, high precision, excellent cleaning effect, wide application range, and non-contact operation.

[0003] During laser cleaning, the instantaneous heating and cooling of the metal surface by the laser, coupled with the direct contact between the object being cleaned and the air, inevitably leads to oxidation on the substrate surface. To reduce oxidation during cleaning, the substrate is typically placed in a container, and an inert gas (such as argon or nitrogen) is introduced into the container to form a protective layer on the substrate surface. This limits the size of the object being cleaned (it must be able to fit inside the container). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies by proposing a synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning. This device can form a temporary sealed atmosphere protection chamber on the metal surface to be cleaned, thereby improving the utilization rate of the protective gas during the cleaning process and achieving better laser cleaning results.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning includes a laser head and an optical path tube. The laser head is mounted on the upper end of the optical path tube, and an inner protective cover is fixedly connected to the lower end of the optical path tube. A channel cavity is provided inside the optical path tube.

[0007] An air intake structure is provided on the inner protective cover, which can uniformly deliver protective gas into the interior of the inner protective cover.

[0008] An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the inner protective cover and is in communication with the interior of the inner protective cover.

[0009] A protective lens is disposed within the channel cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the air intake structure includes:

[0011] An outer protective cover is fixed to the outer side of the lower end of the optical path tube, and the outer protective cover is located outside the inner protective cover;

[0012] A connecting plate is fixed between the lower side of the outer protective cover and the lower side of the inner protective cover. The connecting plate is annular, and a transition cavity is formed between the outer protective cover and the inner protective cover.

[0013] An air intake pipe is fixed to the outer protective cover and is connected to the transition cavity;

[0014] A plurality of air guide holes are evenly distributed circumferentially on the lower side of the inner protective cover and are connected to the transition cavity.

[0015] Preferably, a Laval nozzle is installed inside the air guide hole.

[0016] Preferably, a spiral air guide plate is provided on the inner sidewall of the inner protective cover.

[0017] Preferably, an annular concave shoulder is provided on the inner sidewall of the lower end of the optical path tube, and a fixing ring is provided on the outer side of the protective lens. The fixing ring can slide along the annular concave shoulder into the optical path tube. A fixing structure is provided on the optical path tube, and the fixing structure can fix the protective lens at the bottom of the annular concave shoulder.

[0018] Preferably, the fixing structure includes:

[0019] Two studs are threadedly connected to the side wall of the optical path cylinder. The inner end of each stud extends into the annular concave shoulder and is provided with a limiting block at the end. The limiting block is provided with a second inclined surface on the side near the channel cavity. The outer end of each stud extends to the outside of the optical path cylinder and is provided with an operating rod at the end.

[0020] The first annular inclined surface is formed on the outer side of the fixing ring, and the first annular inclined surface and the second inclined surface can fit together.

[0021] Preferably, a rubber ring is provided at the bottom of the annular concave shoulder.

[0022] Preferably, the lower side of the connecting plate is provided with a ring.

[0023] Preferably, a rubber ring is provided on the lower side of the inner protective cover, and four fixing plates are horizontally provided on the outer side of the lower side of the outer protective cover. A rotating plate is hinged on the fixing plate, and a sliding rod is vertically inserted into the rotating plate. A top plate and a moving block are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the sliding rod. A compression spring is sleeved on the sliding rod located between the top plate and the rotating plate, and a ball bearing is embedded on the lower side of the moving block.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. Before the cleaning process, the present invention continuously introduces protective gas into the transition cavity through the air inlet pipe. When the transition cavity is full of gas, it flows evenly into the inner protective cover through the air guide hole. Since the air guide hole is evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner protective cover, the laser head is started to clean the contaminants after the metal surface to be cleaned is filled with protective gas. At the same time, the exhaust pipe connected to the air pump is started to remove the cleaned contaminant gas in time, ensuring the purity of the protective gas inside the inner protective cover and obtaining a better laser cleaning effect.

[0026] 2. Since the lower end of the optical path tube is connected to the inner protective cover, the protective lens can prevent contaminant gases from damaging the laser head and ensure the airtightness of the inner protective cover. In addition, the protective lens can be replaced as needed. Simply turn the stud outward to separate the limit block and the fixing ring, and the protective lens can be poured out from the lower end of the optical path tube.

[0027] 3. When continuous cleaning of metal surfaces is required, a ring or ball bearing can be installed on the lower side of the connecting plate to reduce the sliding resistance of the connecting plate, while preventing the leakage of protective gas and improving the utilization rate of protective gas. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the Laval nozzle installation;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3;

[0035] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point C.

[0036] In the diagram, 1. Laser head; 2. Optical path tube; 21. Channel cavity; 22. Annular concave shoulder; 221. Rubber ring; 3. Protective lens; 31. Fixing ring; 311. First annular inclined surface; 4. Outer protective cover; 41. Air inlet pipe; 42. Transition cavity; 5. Connecting plate; 51. Ring; 6. Inner protective cover; 61. Exhaust pipe; 62. Spiral air guide plate; 63. Air guide hole; 631. Laval nozzle; 64. Rubber tube; 7. Stud; 71. Limiting block; 711. Second inclined surface; 72. Operating rod; 8. Fixing plate; 81. Rotating plate; 811. Perforation; 82. Slide rod; 821. Top plate; 822. Compression spring; 823. Moving block; 824. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning includes a laser head 1, an optical path cylinder 2, an exhaust pipe 61, a protective lens 3, and an air inlet structure. The laser head 1 is installed at the upper end of the optical path cylinder 2, and an inner protective cover 6 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the optical path cylinder 2. Preferably, the inner protective cover 6 is hemispherical, and a channel cavity 21 is provided inside the optical path cylinder 2.

[0040] The exhaust pipe 61 is fixed to the inner protective cover 6. One end of the exhaust pipe 61 is connected to the inside of the inner protective cover 6, and the other end is connected to the external air pump.

[0041] The protective lens 3 is disposed inside the channel cavity 21.

[0042] The air intake structure is installed on the inner protective cover 6, and the air intake structure includes an outer protective cover 4, a connecting plate 5, an air intake pipe 41, and several air guide holes 63.

[0043] The outer protective cover 4 is fixed on the lower outer side of the optical path tube 2. Preferably, the outer protective cover 4 is also hemispherical and is located outside the inner protective cover 6.

[0044] The connecting plate 5 is fixed between the lower side of the outer protective cover 4 and the lower side of the inner protective cover 6. The connecting plate 5 is annular, and a transition cavity 42 is formed between the outer protective cover 4 and the inner protective cover 6.

[0045] Preferably, the thickness of the transition cavity 42 is about 20mm, which avoids the retention of too much protective gas in the transition cavity 42, and at the same time can play a role in gas buffering and transition.

[0046] Several air guide holes 63 are evenly opened circumferentially on the lower side of the inner protective cover 6 and are connected to the bottom of the transition cavity 42.

[0047] The air inlet pipe 41 is fixed to the outer protective cover 4. One end of the air inlet pipe 41 is connected to the transition cavity 42, and the other end is connected to the protective gas generating device. Preferably, the air inlet pipe 41 is connected to the top of the transition cavity 42, so that the protective gas can first fill the entire transition cavity 42, and then enter the inner protective cover 6 evenly from the surrounding air guide holes 63.

[0048] Before the cleaning process, a protective gas, which is an inert gas (such as argon or nitrogen), is continuously introduced into the transition chamber 42 through the air inlet pipe 41. Once the transition chamber 42 is full, the gas flows evenly into the inner protective cover 6 through the air guide hole 63. Since the air guide hole 63 is evenly arranged around the circumference of the inner protective cover 6, the laser head 1 is started to clean the contaminants after the surface of the metal to be cleaned is filled with protective gas. At the same time, the exhaust pipe 61 is activated to remove the cleaned contaminant gas in a timely manner, ensuring the purity of the protective gas inside the inner protective cover 6 and achieving a better laser cleaning effect. In addition, this device is handheld, low in cost, and simple to operate. The operator only needs to hold the optical path tube 2 and move the laser head 1 along the surface of the metal to be cleaned to expand the atmosphere protection area, meet the cleaning requirements of metals of different sizes, and improve the quality of laser cleaning.

[0049] Preferably, a Laval nozzle 631 is installed inside the air guide hole 63. The air inlet of the nozzle narrows towards the middle to form a narrow throat, and then expands outwards from the narrow throat. Protective gas flows into the air inlet of the nozzle under gas pressure, passes through the narrow throat, and is sprayed into the inner protective cover 6 through the air outlet. This nozzle structure enables the protective gas to uniformly and quickly fill the surface of the metal to be cleaned.

[0050] Preferably, the inner protective cover 6 has a spiral air guide plate 62 on its inner sidewall, and a number of air guide holes 63 are located below the lower end of the spiral air guide plate 62. The exhaust pipe 61 is located at the upper end of the spiral air guide plate 62, which plays a guiding role in protecting the inside of the inner protective cover 6, and can efficiently and smoothly discharge these protective gases.

[0051] In this embodiment, as Figure 4As shown, an annular concave shoulder 22 is provided on the inner side wall of the lower end of the optical path cylinder 2, and a fixing ring 31 is provided on the outer side of the protective lens 3. The fixing ring 31 can slide along the annular concave shoulder 22 into the optical path cylinder 2. A fixing structure is provided on the optical path cylinder 2, which includes two studs 7 and a first annular inclined surface 311.

[0052] Two studs 7 are threadedly connected to the side wall of the optical path cylinder 2. The inner end of the stud 7 extends into the annular concave shoulder 22 and is provided with a limiting block 71 at the end. The limiting block 71 is provided with a second inclined surface 711 on the side near the channel cavity 21. The outer end of the stud 7 extends to the outer side of the optical path cylinder 2 and is provided with an operating rod 72 at the end.

[0053] The first annular inclined surface 311 is formed on the outer side of the fixing ring 31. The first annular inclined surface 31 and the second inclined surface 711 can fit together. The first annular inclined surface 31 is inclined towards the protective lens 3 from top to bottom, and the second inclined surface 711 is inclined towards the side wall of the annular concave shoulder 22 from bottom to top.

[0054] Since the lower end of the optical path tube 2 is connected to the inner protective cover 6, the protective lens 3 can prevent contaminant gas from damaging the laser head and ensure the airtightness of the inner protective cover 6. In addition, the protective lens 3 can be replaced as needed. Simply rotate the stud 7 outward to separate the limiting block 71 and the fixing ring 31, and the protective lens 3 can be poured out downward.

[0055] Preferably, the bottom of the annular concave shoulder 22 is provided with a rubber ring 221. When the limiting block 71 presses upward against the fixing ring 31 on the outside of the protective lens 3, the fixing ring 31 is pressed upward and contacts the rubber ring 221, thus achieving a better sealing effect.

[0056] Example 2:

[0057] This second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that, as Figure 6 As shown, the lower side of the connecting plate 5 is provided with a ring 51. The cross-section of the ring 51 is semi-circular. When the ring 51 contacts the surface of the metal to be cleaned, it can play a sealing role. At the same time, when the laser head 1 moves, the ring 51 can reduce the friction with the surface of the metal to be cleaned, so that the laser head 1 can move smoothly as needed.

[0058] Example 3:

[0059] like Figure 7-8As shown, a rubber tube 64 is provided on the lower side of the inner protective cover 6. Preferably, the rubber tube 64 is in the shape of an outwardly flared trumpet. Four fixing plates 8 are horizontally provided on the outer side of the lower side of the outer protective cover 4. A rotating plate 81 is hinged to the fixing plate 8. A through hole 811 is provided on the rotating plate 81. A sliding rod 82 is inserted into the through hole 811. A top plate 821 and a moving block 823 are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the sliding rod 82. A compression spring 822 is sleeved on the sliding rod 82 located between the top plate 821 and the rotating plate 81. A ball bearing 824 is embedded on the lower side of the moving block 823. The ball bearing 824 can roll in any direction.

[0060] Initially, under the action of the compression spring 822, the lower side of the ball bearing 824 is lower than the lower side of the rubber tube 64. At this time, the laser head 1 can be moved to any position as needed. When it is moved to the designated position, a slight downward force is applied, causing the compression spring 822 to stretch. The slide rod 82 drives the moving block 823 and the ball bearing 824 to slide upward, and then the lower side of the rubber tube 64 contacts the metal surface to be cleaned, thus providing a seal. When it is necessary to move the laser head 1 again, the downward pressure is released. Under the action of the compression spring 822, the slide rod 82 drives the moving block 823 and the ball bearing 824 to move downward, so that the ball bearing 824 contacts the metal surface to be cleaned, facilitating movement.

Claims

1. A synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning, comprising a laser head (1), characterized in that, Also includes: The optical path tube (2) has a laser head (1) installed at the upper end of the optical path tube (2), and an inner protective cover (6) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the optical path tube (2). The optical path tube (2) has a channel cavity (21). An air intake structure is provided on the inner protective cover (6), which can uniformly deliver protective gas into the interior of the inner protective cover (6). The air intake structure includes: The outer protective cover (4) is fixed on the outer side of the lower end of the optical path tube (2), and the outer protective cover (4) is located outside the inner protective cover (6); A connecting plate (5) is fixed between the lower side of the outer protective cover (4) and the lower side of the inner protective cover (6). The connecting plate (5) is annular, and a transition cavity (42) is formed between the outer protective cover (4) and the inner protective cover (6). An air intake pipe (41) is fixedly connected to an outer protective cover (4), and the air intake pipe (41) is connected to a transition cavity (42); A plurality of air guide holes (63) are evenly opened in the circumferential direction on the lower side of the inner protective cover (6) and are connected to the transition cavity (42); Exhaust pipe (61), the exhaust pipe (61) is fixed to the inner protective cover (6), and the exhaust pipe (61) is connected to the inside of the inner protective cover (6); A protective lens (3) is disposed within the channel cavity (21).

2. The synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning according to claim 1, characterized in that, A Laval nozzle (631) is installed inside the air guide hole (63).

3. The synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner protective cover (6) is provided with a spiral air guide plate (62) on its inner sidewall.

4. The synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular concave shoulder (22) is provided on the inner side wall of the lower end of the optical path tube (2). A fixing ring (31) is provided on the outer side of the protective lens (3). The fixing ring (31) can slide along the annular concave shoulder (22) into the optical path tube (2). A fixing structure is provided on the optical path tube (2). The fixing structure can fix the protective lens (3) at the bottom of the annular concave shoulder (22).

5. A synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixing structure includes: Two studs (7) are threaded onto the side wall of the optical path cylinder (2). The inner end of the stud (7) extends into the annular concave shoulder (22) and is provided with a limiting block (71) at the end. The limiting block (71) is provided with a second inclined surface (711) on the side near the channel cavity (21). The outer end of the stud (7) extends to the outside of the optical path cylinder (2) and is provided with an operating rod (72) at the end. The first annular inclined surface (311) is formed on the outer side of the fixing ring (31), and the first annular inclined surface (31) and the second inclined surface (711) can fit together.

6. A synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the annular concave shoulder (22) is provided with a rubber ring (221).

7. A synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower side of the connecting plate (5) is provided with a ring (51).

8. A synchronous atmosphere protection device for pulsed laser cleaning according to claim 3, characterized in that, A rubber tube (64) is provided on the lower side of the inner protective cover (6), and four fixed plates (8) are horizontally provided on the outer side of the lower side of the outer protective cover (4). A rotating plate (81) is hinged on the fixed plate (8), and a slide rod (82) is vertically inserted on the rotating plate (81). A top plate (821) and a moving block (823) are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the slide rod (82). A compression spring (822) is sleeved on the slide rod (82) located between the top plate (821) and the rotating plate (81). A ball bearing (824) is embedded on the lower side of the moving block (823).

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