Multistage mixed high-pressure reaction kettle for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore

Abstract

A multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore, belonging to the field of metallurgical technology, includes a reactor body (1), several overflow components (2), and several guide components (3). The reactor body (1) has an inlet pipe (11) and an outlet pipe (12) at both ends. Several overflow components (2) are sequentially arranged inside the reactor body (1) along the material flow direction to divide the interior of the reactor body (1) into multiple reaction zones (13). Each overflow component... Each component (2) includes a first overflow plate (21), a second overflow plate (22), and a pusher (23); the pusher (23) has a pusher end disposed between the first overflow plate (21) and the second overflow plate (22); a plurality of the guide components (3) are disposed one-to-one at each of the overflow outlets (221); the reactor can promote the flow and mixing of materials, making it less likely for materials to settle to the bottom. By promoting the flow of materials, it also helps to delay scaling and can improve the mixing and reaction efficiency of slurry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metallurgical technology, and in particular to a multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous promotion and popularization of new energy electric vehicles and consumer electronics products, the global demand for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries has experienced explosive growth, and the demand for nickel and nickel-based compounds, which are key materials for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, is booming.

[0003] Lateritic nickel ore contains 65%–70% of the land-based nickel reserves and is an important mineral for smelting nickel and nickel-based compounds. Lateritic nickel ore can be broadly classified into three types: limonite type, transitional type, and sapropelic type. Generally, sapropelic type ore with a nickel content of 1.8% or higher is suitable for the RKEF pyrometallurgical process, while limonite and transitional type ore with a nickel content of 1.8% or lower are suitable for hydrometallurgical processes such as high-pressure acid leaching and atmospheric-pressure acid leaching. Compared with atmospheric-pressure acid leaching, high-pressure acid leaching has advantages such as high recovery rate, low acid consumption, short reaction time, and low cost, and is considered the best smelting method for limonite and transitional type lateritic nickel ore. Therefore, newly built lateritic nickel ore hydrometallurgical projects in recent years have generally adopted high-pressure acid leaching.

[0004] CN111004916A discloses a high-pressure acid leaching method for lateritic nickel ore. The steps are as follows: After washing and beneficiation, the lateritic nickel ore slurry is thickened and then pumped into a pipelined preheater using a high-pressure pump. In the pipelined preheater, the slurry undergoes indirect heat exchange with secondary steam from a flash evaporator. The final pipelined preheater is heated using live steam, molten salt, or heat transfer oil. After preheating, the slurry enters a horizontal high-pressure reactor, where concentrated sulfuric acid is added for high-pressure leaching. Finally, the leached slurry is cooled and depressurized through a flash evaporator to obtain the acid-leached lateritic nickel ore slurry, which is then sent to the next processing step. The description mentions that the preheated slurry enters a horizontal high-pressure reactor containing 4 to 8 compartments. Existing high-pressure reactors typically have compartments formed by partitions, with each compartment connected sequentially to allow slurry, sulfuric acid, and steam to enter each compartment for reaction. However, in high-pressure reactors, the slurry overflows from above the partitions into the next compartment, causing the slurry inside each compartment to easily deposit at the bottom. This easily leads to scaling and coagulation at the bottom, reducing the efficiency of slurry mixing and acid leaching reactions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore. This invention solves the technical problem in the prior art where the slurry inside each compartment of the high-pressure reactor easily deposits at the bottom, which easily leads to scaling and coagulation at the bottom, reducing the efficiency of slurry mixing and acid leaching reaction.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides a multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore, comprising a reactor body, several overflow components, and several flow guides. The reactor body has an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe at both ends. Several overflow components are sequentially arranged inside the reactor body along the material flow direction to divide the interior of the reactor body into multiple reaction zones. Each overflow component includes a first overflow plate, a second overflow plate, and a pusher. The first overflow plate and the second overflow plate are spaced apart and staggered. The reactor body has a bottom and a top, wherein an overflow inlet is formed between the first overflow plate and the top surface of the reactor body, and an overflow outlet is formed between the second overflow plate and the bottom surface of the reactor body; the pusher has a pusher end disposed between the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate, for moving from the overflow inlet to the overflow outlet to push the material to the next reaction zone; a plurality of guide members are disposed one-to-one at each of the overflow outlets, and each guides having a guide surface extending inclinedly from the bottom to the middle of the reaction zone to guide the pushed material toward the middle of the reaction zone.

[0007] In some embodiments, the multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore further includes several stirring components, each with its stirring end corresponding to a specific reaction zone, for stirring the materials within that reaction zone. Each stirring component includes a drive shaft, at least one stirring paddle, and a drive motor. One end of the drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the corresponding reaction zone, and the other end extends vertically to the bottom of the reaction zone. At least one stirring paddle is fitted around the outer periphery of the drive shaft and is positioned below the top of the first overflow plate of the corresponding reaction zone. The shaft of the drive motor is connected to the drive shaft to drive its rotation.

[0008] In some embodiments, the material guiding direction of the guiding surface corresponds to the stirring end.

[0009] In some embodiments, the height of each of the first overflow plates is progressively decreasing in the direction of material flow, so that the height of each of the overflow inlets gradually decreases in the direction of material flow, and the height of each of the second overflow plates is equal, so that the height of each of the overflow outlets is equal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the overflow assembly further includes a material guiding partition, which is disposed between the corresponding first overflow plate and the second overflow plate. Each side of the partition is sealed to the first overflow plate, the second overflow plate, and the reactor body, respectively, and the top is on the same horizontal plane as the top of the corresponding first overflow plate. A vertically arranged material guiding channel is provided in the middle of the material guiding partition to connect the overflow inlet and the overflow outlet. The pushing end of the pusher is disposed in the material guiding channel, and the pushing end slides in the vertical direction with the material guiding channel.

[0011] In some embodiments, the pusher includes a pressure plate and at least one drive cylinder. The pressure plate is horizontally disposed within the material guiding channel and slidably engages with the material guiding channel. The drive cylinder is mounted on the top of the reactor body, with its drive end extending vertically downwards until it connects with the pressure plate, thereby driving the pressure plate to slide up and down within the material guiding channel. The pressure plate includes a horizontal plate body and two movable plugs. The horizontal plate body is connected to the drive cylinder, and movable grooves are formed on both sides along the material flow direction. A discharge channel is provided on one side of the movable groove, and the bottom end of the discharge channel passes through the bottom end of the horizontal plate body and communicates with the material guiding channel. The two movable plugs are respectively disposed in the movable grooves on both sides and slidably engage with the movable grooves. Their sliding stroke has a sealing state where they slide to the upper part of the movable groove to seal the discharge channel, and a conducting state where they slide to the lower part of the movable groove to allow the material guiding channels above and below the pressure plate to communicate through the discharge channel.

[0012] In some embodiments, limiting portions are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the movable groove to restrict the sliding of the movable plug within the movable groove. When the driving cylinder drives the horizontal plate body to slide downward, the movable plug slides upward within the movable groove and remains in the upper part of the movable groove, and the movable plug is in a sealed state. When the driving cylinder drives the horizontal plate body to slide upward, the movable plug slides downward within the movable groove and remains in the lower part of the movable groove, and the movable plug is in a conductive state.

[0013] In some embodiments, the upper and lower ends of the movable groove are respectively provided with a guide groove and a closing part. The guide groove is connected to the movable groove, and its length in the transverse direction is equal to the length of the movable groove, while its width in the longitudinal direction is less than the width of the movable groove. Each side of the closing part is fitted with the inner wall of the material guiding channel, and the thickness of the movable plug is greater than the diameter of the material discharge channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, the bottom of the pressure plate is a curved surface with the same curvature as the bottom of the inner wall of the reactor body.

[0015] In some embodiments, the flow guide includes a ramp, which is disposed on the overflow outlet side of the bottom of the corresponding reaction zone, and its top forms a guide surface that extends upward from the bottom of the overflow outlet. The bottom of the ramp and the connection between it and the inner wall of the reactor body are curved surfaces.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include: by setting up a reaction vessel body, a first overflow plate, and a second overflow plate, an overflow inlet is formed between the first overflow plate and the top surface of the reaction vessel body, and an overflow outlet is formed between the second overflow plate and the bottom surface of the reaction vessel body. This allows the material in the reaction zone to flow through the overflow inlet, between the first and second overflow plates, to the overflow outlet when the liquid level of the material is higher than the height of the first overflow plate. The material then flows through the overflow inlet to the overflow outlet and into the next reaction zone. The overflow outlet is formed by the gap between the second overflow plate and the bottom surface of the reaction vessel body, thereby guiding the overflowing slurry to converge below the next reaction zone. The flow assembly also includes a pusher, whose pusher end is located between the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate. The pusher end moves from the overflow inlet to the overflow outlet, and during its movement, it can push the material to the next reaction zone, increasing the material discharge speed. A guide is provided at the pusher position, which has a guide surface that extends slopingly from the bottom to the middle of the reaction zone, so that the discharged material forms a gradually upward flow path, guiding the material pressurized by the pusher end towards the middle of the reaction zone, thereby promoting the flow and mixing of the material, making it less likely for the material to settle to the bottom. By promoting the flow of the material, it also helps to delay scaling, thereby improving the mixing and reaction efficiency of the slurry. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overflow assembly of a multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor used for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A top view of the overflow assembly of a multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor used for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore.

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A side cross-sectional view of the feed guide platform and pressure plate installation of a multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore provided by the present invention when the movable plug is in a sealed state;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore provided by the present invention when the movable plug is in the conductive state.

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] 1. Reactor body; 11. Feed pipe; 12. Discharge pipe; 13. Reaction zone;

[0025] 2. Overflow assembly; 21. First overflow plate; 211. Overflow inlet; 22. Second overflow plate; 221. Overflow outlet; 23. Pusher; 231. Drive cylinder; 232. Pressure plate; 233. Horizontal plate body; 234. Movable plug; 235. Movable groove; 236. Guide groove; 237. Enclosed part; 238. Discharge channel; 24. Guide partition; 241. Guide channel;

[0026] 3. Guide vane; 31. Inclined platform;

[0027] 4. Stirring assembly; 41. Drive shaft; 42. Stirring paddle; 43. Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, this invention provides a multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore, including a reactor body 1, several overflow components 2, and several flow guides 3. The reactor body 1 has an inlet pipe 11 and an outlet pipe 12 at both ends. Several overflow components 2 are sequentially arranged inside the reactor body 1 along the material flow direction to divide the interior of the reactor body 1 into multiple reaction zones 13. Each overflow component 2 includes a first overflow plate 21, a second overflow plate 22, and a pusher 23. The first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22 are spaced apart and staggered at the bottom and... At the top, an overflow inlet 211 is formed between the first overflow plate 21 and the top surface of the reactor body 1, and an overflow outlet 221 is formed between the second overflow plate 22 and the bottom surface of the reactor body 1. The pusher 23 has a pusher end disposed between the first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22, which moves from the overflow inlet 211 to the overflow outlet 221 to push the material to the next reaction zone 13. A plurality of guide members 3 are disposed one-to-one at each of the overflow outlets 221, and each has a guide surface that extends obliquely from the bottom to the middle of the reaction zone 13 to guide the pushed material to the middle of the reaction zone 13.

[0030] In this device, several overflow components 2 are sequentially arranged inside the reactor body 1 along the material flow direction to divide the interior of the reactor body 1 into multiple reaction zones 13. Each overflow component 2 includes a first overflow plate 21 and a second overflow plate 22, which are respectively spaced apart and staggered and arranged at the bottom and top of the reactor body 1. An overflow inlet 211 is formed between the first overflow plate 21 and the top surface of the reactor body 1, and an overflow outlet 221 is formed between the second overflow plate 22 and the bottom surface of the reactor body 1. When the liquid level of the material in the reaction zone 13 is higher than the height of the first overflow plate 21, it will flow through the overflow inlet 211, between the first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22, to the overflow outlet 221, and then flow to the next reaction zone 13 through the overflow outlet 221. The overflow outlet 221 is formed by the second overflow plate 22 and the bottom surface of the reactor body 1. The gaps between the overflow components allow the overflowing slurry, which has reached its overflow height, to be guided and converged below the next reaction zone 13. The overflow component 2 also includes a pusher 23, the pusher end of which is located between the first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22. The pusher end moves from the overflow inlet 211 to the overflow outlet 221, and during its movement, it can push the material to the next reaction zone 13, increasing the discharge speed of the material. A guide 3 is provided at the push position, which has a guide surface that extends obliquely from the bottom to the middle of the reaction zone 13, so that the discharged material forms a gradually upward flow path, guiding the material pressurized by the pusher end to the middle of the reaction zone 13, thereby promoting the flow and mixing of the material and making it less likely for the material to settle to the bottom. By promoting the flow of the material, it also helps to delay scaling and improve the mixing and reaction efficiency of the slurry.

[0031] To further improve mixing efficiency, such as Figure 1 As shown, in some possible embodiments, the multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore further includes several stirring components 4. The stirring ends of each stirring component 4 are correspondingly arranged in each of the reaction zones 13, for stirring the materials in each reaction zone 13 respectively. Furthermore, the guiding direction of the material guide surface corresponds to the stirring end, so that the slurry guided by the material guide surface and discharged into the next reaction zone 13 will flow to the stirring end of the stirring component 4. The rotating stirring end can promptly stir and mix the materials, making the mixing more uniform.

[0032] To achieve separate stirring of materials in each reaction zone 13, specifically, in some possible embodiments, the stirring assembly 4 includes a drive shaft 41, at least one stirring paddle 42, and a drive motor 43. The drive shaft 41 is vertically arranged in the middle of the corresponding reaction zone 13, with one end rotatably mounted on the top of the reactor body 1 corresponding to the reaction zone 13, and the other end extending vertically to the bottom of the reaction zone 13, spaced apart from the bottom of the reactor body 1. At least one stirring paddle 42 is fitted around the outer periphery of the drive shaft 41 and is located below the top of the first overflow plate 21 of the corresponding reaction zone. The shaft of the drive motor 43 is connected to the drive shaft 41 to drive the drive shaft 41 to rotate, thereby driving the stirring paddle 42 fitted around it to rotate, so as to stir the materials in the reaction zone 13.

[0033] To ensure that the slurry can be discharged from the feed pipe 11 to the discharge pipe 12 within the reactor body 1, in some possible embodiments, the height of each of the first overflow plates 21 decreases in the direction of material flow, so that the height of each of the overflow inlets 211 gradually decreases in the direction of material flow. Meanwhile, the heights of each of the second overflow plates 22 are equal, so that the heights of each of the overflow outlets 221 are equal. Specifically, in this embodiment, four overflow components 2 are provided, dividing the interior of the reactor body 1 into five reaction zones 13. Therefore, four corresponding guide members 3 and five stirring components 4 are provided. Since the height of each of the first overflow plates 21 decreases in the direction of material flow... The height of each overflow inlet 211 gradually decreases in the direction of material flow. Therefore, the overflow height in each reaction zone 13 is different. The liquid level of the slurry in the reaction zone 13 gradually decreases in the direction of material flow. It can be seen that the slurry liquid level is lower in the reaction zone 13 closer to the discharge pipe 12. In order to make reasonable use of the stirring assembly 4, in the first two reaction zones 13 close to the feed pipe 11, the stirring assembly 4 is provided with two stirring paddles 42. The two stirring paddles 42 are fixed to the outside of the drive shaft 41 at intervals. In the other three reaction zones 13, the stirring assembly 4 has one stirring paddle 42. Regardless of whether it is close to or far from the feed pipe 11, the stirring paddle 42 is set below the overflow height of the slurry.

[0034] It should be noted that the rotating shaft of the drive motor 43 and the drive shaft 41 can be directly connected by a coupling to drive the drive shaft 41 to rotate. Alternatively, the drive shaft 41 can be driven to rotate by a crank-connecting rod mechanism, a planetary gear system, or other transmission system.

[0035] To ensure that the material can be pushed to the next reaction zone 13 when moving from the overflow inlet 211 to the overflow outlet 221 at the pushing end, such as... Figures 2 to 4As shown, in some possible embodiments, the overflow assembly 2 further includes a guide partition 24, wherein the guide partition 24 is disposed between the corresponding first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22, and each side of the guide partition 24 is respectively sealed to the first overflow plate 21, the second overflow plate 22 and the reactor body 1, and the top of the guide partition 24 is on the same horizontal plane as the top of the corresponding first overflow plate 21; a vertically arranged guide channel 241 is provided in the middle of the guide partition 24 to connect the overflow inlet 211 and the overflow outlet 221; so that when the slurry level in the corresponding reaction zone 13 reaches above the top height of the first overflow plate 21, it can overflow through the top of the first overflow plate 21 to the guide partition 24 to form the guide channel 241. The guide channel 241 penetrates the bottom of the guide partition 24 and communicates with the overflow outlet 221, so that the slurry can be guided to the overflow outlet 221 through the guide channel 241. Furthermore, the pushing end of the pushing component 23 is disposed within the guiding channel 241, and the pushing end slides vertically with the guiding channel 241, so that the pushing end of the pushing component 23 can slide up and down within the guiding channel 241. Specifically, the pushing component 23 includes a pressure plate 232 and at least one driving cylinder 231. The pressure plate 232 is horizontally disposed within the guiding channel 241 and slides with the guiding channel 241. The driving cylinder 231 is installed on the top of the reactor body 1, and its driving end extends vertically downward until it is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 232, so that when the driving end of the driving cylinder 231 retracts, it drives the pressure plate 232 to slide up and down within the guiding channel 241, so that when the pressure plate 232 slides downward, it can squeeze and push the slurry in the guiding channel 241 toward the overflow outlet 221, thereby pushing the material to the next reaction zone 13 and increasing the flow rate of the slurry. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the pusher 23 has two drive cylinders 231, whose drive ends are respectively connected to the front and rear parts of the top of the pressure plate 232, thereby improving its operational stability.

[0036] Understandably, in this embodiment, the sides of the material guide platform 24 can be welded to the first overflow plate 21, the second overflow plate 22 and the reactor body 1, or other connection methods that can seal and fix the components under high pressure acid immersion.

[0037] To guide the material to be ejected towards the center of reaction zone 13, such as Figure 1As shown, in some possible embodiments, the guide member 3 includes a ramp 31, which is disposed on one side of the overflow outlet 221 at the bottom of the corresponding reaction zone 13, and its top forms a guide surface that extends upward from the bottom of the overflow outlet 221, which can guide the pushed material towards the middle of the reaction zone 13. The stirring paddle 42 is located on the upper side of the guide surface, which can stir and mix the conveyed material in a timely manner. The bottom of the ramp 31 is connected to the inner wall of the reactor body 1 with a curved surface, making the ramp 31 an arc-shaped structure.

[0038] In other possible implementations, the guide member 3 is not limited to the inclined platform 31, but can also be other shapes or structures, such as using a guide plate and a fixed bracket, using the guide plate to guide the slurry and using the fixed bracket to support the guide plate.

[0039] When the pressure plate 232 slides downward, it can squeeze and push the slurry in the feed channel 241 towards the overflow outlet 221 to the next reaction zone 13. However, when the pressure plate 232 slides upward, if the material above the pressure plate 232 cannot be guided into the feed channel 241 below the pressure plate 232, the slurry in the reaction zone 13 will flow back into the feed channel 241. Therefore, if... Figures 4 to 6As shown, in some possible embodiments, the pressure plate 232 includes a horizontal plate body 233 and two movable plugs 234. The horizontal plate body 233 is laterally disposed inside the material guide channel 241 and is fixedly connected to the driving end of the driving cylinder 231. The driving cylinder 231 can drive the horizontal plate body 233 to slide up and down within the material guide channel 241. Furthermore, movable grooves 235 are provided on the front and rear sides of the horizontal plate body 233 along the material flow direction. A discharge channel 238 is provided on one side of the movable groove 235. The bottom of the pressure plate 232 is connected to... The bottom of the inner wall of the reactor body 1 has the same curvature. Specifically, the discharge channel 238 has an L-shaped structure design. It extends from the movable groove 235 to the middle of the horizontal plate body 233 for a certain length, then extends downward and passes through the bottom end of the horizontal plate body 233, communicating with the guide channel 241 below the pressure plate 232. The two movable plugs 234 are respectively located in the movable grooves 235 on both sides, and slide with the movable grooves 235. They mainly serve as a switch to open or close the discharge channel 238, and can also cooperate with the horizontal plate body 233 under the pressure plate 232. During pressing, a lateral seal is achieved. The sliding stroke of the movable plug 234 includes a sealing state where it slides to the upper part of the movable groove 235 to seal the discharge channel 238, and a conducting state where it slides to the lower part of the movable groove 235 to connect the guide channels 241 above and below the pressure plate 232 through the discharge channel 238. When the driving cylinder 231 drives the horizontal plate body 233 to slide downwards, the movable plug 234 is in a sealing state, separating the material in the guide channels 241 above and below the pressure plate 232, so that the guide channels are closed during downward movement. The slurry in 241 is squeezed out to the next reaction zone 13. At the same time, the slurry overflowing from the previous reaction zone 13 gradually flows into the guide channel 241 above the pressure plate 232 as the pressure plate 232 slides downward. When the drive cylinder 231 drives the horizontal plate body 233 to slide upward, the movable plug 234 is in a conductive state. At this time, the discharge channel 238 is connected to the guide channels 241 above and below the pressure plate 232, so that the slurry above the pressure plate 232 can gradually flow into the guide channel 241 below through the discharge channel 238 during the upward sliding stroke of the pressure plate 232.

[0040] To ensure that the movable plug 234 is in a sealed state when the drive cylinder 231 drives the horizontal plate body 233 to slide downward, and in a conductive state when the drive cylinder 231 drives the horizontal plate body 233 to slide upward, in some possible embodiments, limiting portions are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the movable groove 235 to restrict the sliding of the movable plug 234 within the movable groove 235. When the drive cylinder 231 drives the horizontal plate body 233 to slide downward, the horizontal plate body 233 moves downward under the drive of the drive cylinder 231 while the movable plug 234 remains stationary. After the horizontal plate body 233 moves downward a certain distance, the movable plug 234 abuts against the limiting portion above it. By limiting the movable plug 234, the movable plug 234 is held in the movable groove 235 after sliding upward. The upper part of 35, thereby making the movable plug 234 in a sealed state, sealing the discharge channel 238; when the driving cylinder 231 drives the horizontal plate body 233 to slide upward, the horizontal plate body 233 moves upward under the drive of the driving cylinder 231 while the movable plug 234 remains stationary. After the horizontal plate body 233 moves upward to a certain distance, the movable plug 234 is pressed against the limiting part below it. The limiting part limits the movable plug 234, so that the movable plug 234 slides downward in the movable groove 235 and is held in the lower part of the movable groove 235, thereby making the movable plug 234 in a conductive state. At this time, the discharge channel 238 is connected to the guide channels 241 above and below the pressure plate 232, so that when the pressure plate 232 slides upward, the slurry above the pressure plate 232 can gradually flow through the discharge channel 238 to the guide channel 241 below. Of course, in other embodiments, the switching between the sealing state and the conduction state can also be achieved by driving the movable plug 234 through the setting of a cylinder, oil cylinder or other driving component.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the movable groove 235 are respectively provided with a guide groove 236 and a closing part 237. The guide groove 236 communicates with the movable groove 235, and its length in the transverse direction is equal to the length of the movable groove 235, while its width in the longitudinal direction is less than the width of the movable groove 235. Each side of the closing part 237 is fitted against the inner wall of the material guiding channel 241, with the portion of the horizontal plate body 233 above the guide groove 236 and the closing part 237 serving as the aforementioned limiting mechanism. The movable plug 234 is limited in its vertical sliding path. When the movable plug 234 is in the open state, the material guide channels 241 above and below the pressure plate 232 can be connected through the guide groove 236, the movable groove 235 and the discharge channel 238 to facilitate the flow of slurry. The thickness of the movable plug 234 is greater than the diameter of the discharge channel 238. When the movable plug 234 is in the closed state, it can completely seal the inlet of the discharge channel 238 to prevent the slurry from flowing to the lower part of the movable groove 235 through the discharge channel 238.

[0042] This invention provides a multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore. The reactor body 1, a first overflow plate 21, and a second overflow plate 22 are configured. An overflow inlet 211 is formed between the first overflow plate 21 and the top surface of the reactor body 1, and an overflow outlet 221 is formed between the second overflow plate 22 and the bottom surface of the reactor body 1. When the liquid level of the material in the reaction zone 13 is higher than the height of the first overflow plate 21, it flows through the overflow inlet 211, between the first and second overflow plates 21 and to the overflow outlet 221, and then flows to the next reaction zone 13 through the overflow outlet 221. The overflow outlet 221 is formed by the gap between the second overflow plate 22 and the bottom surface of the reactor body 1, thereby allowing the slurry that overflows to the next reaction zone to flow downwards. The overflow assembly 2 also includes a pusher 23, whose pusher end is located between the first overflow plate 21 and the second overflow plate 22. The pusher end moves from the overflow inlet 211 to the overflow outlet 221, pushing the material to the next reaction zone 13 during its movement, increasing the material discharge speed. A guide 3 is provided at the pusher position, having a guide surface extending sloping from the bottom to the center of the reaction zone 13, so that the discharged material forms a gradually upward flow path, guiding the pressurized material through the pusher end towards the center of the reaction zone 13 to promote material flow and mixing. A stirring assembly 4 is also provided, with the guide surface's direction corresponding to the stirring end of the stirring assembly 4, to promptly stir and mix the conveyed material. This prevents the material from settling to the bottom, and by promoting material flow, it also helps delay scaling, improving slurry mixing and reaction efficiency.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0045] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore, characterized in that, include: The reactor body has an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe at its two ends, respectively. A plurality of overflow components are sequentially arranged inside the reactor body along the material flow direction to divide the interior of the reactor body into multiple reaction zones. Each overflow component includes a first overflow plate, a second overflow plate, and a pusher. The first overflow plate and the second overflow plate are respectively spaced apart and staggered at the bottom and top of the reactor body. An overflow inlet is formed between the first overflow plate and the top surface of the reactor body, and an overflow outlet is formed between the second overflow plate and the bottom surface of the reactor body. The pusher has a pushing end disposed between the first overflow plate and the second overflow plate, for moving from the overflow inlet to the overflow outlet to push material to the next reaction zone. A plurality of flow guides are provided at each of the overflow outlets, and each flow guide has a guide surface that extends slopingly from the bottom to the middle of the reaction zone, so as to guide the ejected material toward the middle of the reaction zone. The overflow assembly also includes a material guiding partition, and a vertically arranged material guiding channel is provided in the middle of the material guiding partition to connect the overflow inlet and the overflow outlet; the pushing end of the pushing member is disposed in the material guiding channel, and the pushing end slides with the material guiding channel in the vertical direction. The pushing component includes a pressure plate and at least one driving cylinder. The pressure plate is horizontally disposed within the material guiding channel and slidably engages with the material guiding channel. It includes a horizontal plate body and two movable plugs. The horizontal plate body is connected to the driving cylinder, and movable grooves are formed on both sides of the plate along the material flow direction. A discharge channel is provided on one side of the movable groove, and the bottom end of the discharge channel passes through the bottom end of the horizontal plate body and communicates with the material guiding channel. The two movable plugs are respectively disposed in the movable grooves on both sides and slidably engage with the movable grooves. Their sliding stroke has a sealing state where they slide to the upper part of the movable groove to seal the discharge channel, and a conducting state where they slide to the lower part of the movable groove to allow the material guiding channels above and below the pressure plate to communicate through the discharge channel.

2. The multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes several stirring components, with the stirring ends of each stirring component corresponding to each of the reaction zones, for stirring the materials in the reaction zones.

3. The multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each stirring assembly includes a drive shaft, at least one stirring paddle, and a drive motor. One end of the drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the corresponding reaction zone, and the other end extends vertically to the bottom of the reaction zone; at least one of the stirring paddles is fitted around the outer periphery of the drive shaft and is located below the top of the first overflow plate of the corresponding reaction zone. The rotating shaft of the drive motor is connected to the drive shaft to drive the drive shaft to rotate.

4. The multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 2, characterized in that, The material guiding direction of the guiding surface corresponds to that of the stirring end.

5. The multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of each of the first overflow plates decreases in the direction of material flow, so that the height of each overflow inlet gradually decreases in the direction of material flow. The height of each of the second overflow plates is equal, so that the height of each overflow outlet is equal.

6. The multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material guide partition is disposed between the corresponding first overflow plate and the second overflow plate, and each side of it is sealed to the first overflow plate, the second overflow plate and the reactor body respectively, and its top is on the same horizontal plane as the top of the corresponding first overflow plate.

7. The multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving cylinder is installed on the top of the reactor body, and its driving end extends vertically downward until it is connected to the pressure plate, so as to drive the pressure plate to slide up and down in the material guide channel.

8. The multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, Limiting portions are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the movable groove to restrict the sliding of the movable plug within the movable groove. When the driving cylinder drives the horizontal plate body to slide downward, the movable plug slides upward within the movable groove and remains in the upper part of the movable groove, and the movable plug is in a sealed state. When the drive cylinder drives the horizontal plate body to slide upward, the movable plug slides downward in the movable groove and remains in the lower part of the movable groove, and the movable plug is in a conductive state.

9. The multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the movable groove are respectively provided with a guide groove and a sealing part. The guide groove is connected to the movable groove. Its length in the horizontal direction is equal to the length of the movable groove, and its width in the vertical direction is less than the width of the movable groove. Each side of the sealing part is in contact with the inner wall of the material guiding channel. The thickness of the movable plug is greater than the diameter of the material discharge channel.

10. The multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the pressure plate has the same curvature as the bottom of the inner wall of the reactor body.

11. The multi-stage mixing high-pressure reactor for high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guide includes an inclined platform, which is disposed on the overflow outlet side at the bottom of the corresponding reaction zone, and its top forms a material guiding surface that extends upward from the bottom of the overflow outlet. The bottom of the inclined platform is curved at the connection with the inner wall of the reactor body.

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