Vertical keyway broaching machine

Abstract

The application discloses a vertical keyway broaching machine, which comprises a machine body, a first lifting structure movably and vertically arranged on the machine body, a first driving device connected with the first lifting structure and used for driving the first lifting structure to move up and down, a first sliding rail vertically arranged on the first lifting structure and a second driving device arranged on the first sliding rail, a second lifting structure slidably arranged on the first sliding rail and connected with the second driving device, a third driving device arranged on the second lifting structure, a first clamping device slidably arranged on the first sliding rail and connected with the third driving device and used for clamping a first end of a keyway broach, a second clamping device arranged on the first lifting structure and used for clamping a second end of the keyway broach, and a workbench connected with the machine body. The vertical keyway broaching machine can be used for various types of keyway broaches, improves the efficiency of replacing the keyway broach, and further improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of broaching technology, and in particular to a vertical keyway broaching machine. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical keyway broaching machines are commonly used machining equipment. However, current vertical keyway broaching machines suffer from problems such as a limited range of applicable keyway broach sizes and complex broach replacement procedures, which greatly reduce production efficiency and increase production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a vertical keyway broaching machine that is applicable to various types of keyway broaches and greatly improves the efficiency of keyway broach replacement, thereby increasing production efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0004] A vertical keyway broaching machine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0005] The bed has a movable lifting mechanism with a first lifting structure connected to a first driving device for lifting; the first lifting structure has a first slide rail arranged in the vertical direction and a second driving device installed on the first lifting structure.

[0006] The second lifting structure is slidably mounted on the first slide rail and connected to the second driving device. The second driving device is used to drive the second lifting structure to slide along the first slide rail. The second lifting structure is equipped with a third driving device.

[0007] A first clamping device is slidably mounted on the first slide rail and is used to clamp the first end of the keyway broach; the first clamping device is connected to the third driving device and the third driving device is used to drive the first clamping device to slide along the first slide rail.

[0008] The second clamping device is installed on the first lifting structure and is used to clamp the second end of the keyway broach; both the first clamping device and the second clamping device can clamp keyway broaches of various sizes.

[0009] The worktable, connected to the bed, is used to place the workpiece; the worktable is located between the first clamping device and the second clamping device.

[0010] The vertical keyway broaching machine according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0011] By incorporating a second lifting structure slidably mounted on a first slide rail, and connecting a second driving device to drive its lifting and lowering, a first clamping device is mounted on the second lifting structure. The second driving device drives the second lifting structure to lift and lower, thereby causing the first clamping device to lift and lower relative to the second clamping device, thus adjusting the distance between the first and second clamping devices to accommodate keyway broaches of different lengths. Both the first and second clamping devices can clamp keyway broaches of various sizes, greatly improving the compatibility of the keyway broaching machine, reducing the steps required to change keyway broaches, and increasing production efficiency.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first driving device is a motor, the output end of the first driving device is connected to a first lead screw, and the first lifting structure is connected to the first lead screw via a transmission.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second driving device is a motor, the output end of the second driving device is connected to a second lead screw, and the second lifting structure is connected to the second lead screw drive.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a guide member is further included, the guide member having a guide hole for the keyway broach to pass through, the guide hole being used to guide the keyway broach; the guide member is slidably mounted on the first slide rail and disposed between the worktable and the first clamping device.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the worktable is provided with a vertically upward extending support rod, and the guide member is slidably mounted on the support rod; the support rod is equipped with a first limiting block, which is located below the guide member, and the first limiting block is used to limit the end point of the travel of the guide member.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first lifting structure is equipped with a contact block, and the lifting of the first lifting structure can drive the contact block to lift synchronously; when the first lifting structure rises to the point where the contact block abuts against the guide member and continues to rise, the contact block can push the guide member to rise.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first clamping device includes:

[0018] The chuck has an opening at one end and a central cavity for inserting the shank of the puller. The shank of the puller has a slot.

[0019] A guide seat is installed at the open end of the chuck seat; the guide seat is provided with a through hole for the first end of the keyway broach to pass through, and the through hole communicates with the receiving cavity;

[0020] The limiting structure includes a main shaft and a limiting plate. The limiting plate is connected to the outer periphery of the main shaft and extends outward along the radial direction of the main shaft. The main shaft is rotatably inserted into the chuck seat about its own axis. The limiting plate is located in the receiving cavity. The rotation of the main shaft can drive the limiting plate to rotate.

[0021] A clamping structure is installed on the chuck seat and abuts against the limiting piece; the clamping structure is used to push the limiting piece to move in the direction of the puller, so that the limiting piece is engaged in the slot, thereby limiting the puller.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a third lifting structure is slidably mounted on the first slide rail, the third lifting structure is connected to the third driving device, and the first clamping device is mounted on the third lifting structure;

[0023] It also includes a fourth driving device, which is installed on the third lifting structure and is used to drive the main shaft to rotate so that the limiting piece disengages from the slot.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present invention, at least one end of the spindle along its length is provided with an adjusting plate, and the rotation of the adjusting plate can drive the spindle to rotate synchronously; the fourth driving device is used to drive the adjusting plate to rotate, thereby driving the spindle to rotate.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second clamping device is provided with a second limiting structure for fixing the second end of the keyway broach within the second clamping device; the worktable is provided with an insert bar, and when the second clamping device rises to the point where the second limiting structure contacts the insert bar and continues to rise, it can drive the second limiting structure to disengage from the keyway broach.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the back side of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is an assembly diagram of the second driving device, the second lifting structure, the third lifting device, and the first clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom of the workbench in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the structure of the first clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the first clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 8 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0036] Icon labels:

[0037] Bed 100, first lifting structure 110, first slide rail 111, first drive device 120, first lead screw 121, and stop block 130;

[0038] Second lifting structure 200, second driving device 210, second lead screw 211;

[0039] First clamping device 300, chuck seat 310, receiving cavity 311, mounting hole 312, center hole 313, mounting plate 314, through hole 315, guide seat 320, through hole 321, limiting structure 330, main shaft 331, limiting piece 332, adjusting piece 333, tightening structure 340, abutting piece 341, first elastic element 342, connecting bolt 343, reset structure 350, push rod 351, second elastic element 352;

[0040] Second clamping device 400;

[0041] Workbench 500, support rod 510, first limit block 511, mounting ring 520, insert strip 521;

[0042] Guide component 600, guide hole 610;

[0043] The third lifting structure 700, the third driving device 710, the fourth driving device 720, and the insert block 721. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, "multiple" refers to two or more. The use of "first" and "second" is for distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or their sequential relationship.

[0047] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0048] Reference Figures 1 to 8 A vertical keyway broaching machine according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bed 100, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 As shown, the bed 100 is equipped with a first lifting structure 110 that can be moved and raised. The first lifting structure 110 is connected to a first drive device 120 that drives its lifting and lowering. The first drive device 120 is located on the top of the bed 100 and is a motor. The output end of the first drive device 120 is connected to a first lead screw 121. The first lifting structure 110 is connected to the first lead screw 121 in a transmission manner. The first lifting structure 110 is partially sleeved on the outer periphery of the first lead screw 121 and is connected to the first lead screw 121 in a transmission manner. The first drive device 120 drives the first lead screw 121 to rotate forward and backward, which can drive the first lifting structure 110 to move up and down relative to the bed 100.

[0049] Reference Figure 1As shown, the first lifting structure 110 is provided with a first slide rail 111 arranged vertically. A second driving device 210 is mounted on the first lifting structure 110. The first slide rail 111 and the first lead screw 121 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the first lifting structure 110. The second driving device 210 is located above the first slide rail 111. The vertical lifting of the first lifting structure 110 can drive the first slide rail 111 and the second driving device 210 to lift synchronously. The second lifting structure 200 is slidably mounted on the first slide rail 111 and is connected to the second driving device 210. The second driving device 210 is used to drive the second lifting structure 200 to slide along the first slide rail 111. In an embodiment of the present invention, the second driving device 210 is a motor, and the output end of the second driving device 210 is connected to the second lead screw 211. The second lifting structure 200 is driveably connected to the second lead screw 211. The second lifting structure 200 is partially sleeved on the outer periphery of the second lead screw 211 and is connected to the second lead screw 211 in a transmission manner. The second driving device 210 drives the second lead screw 211 to rotate in both directions, which can drive the second lifting structure 200 to lift.

[0050] It is important to understand that the first drive device 120 and the second drive device 210 operate independently. That is, the first drive device 120 driving the first lifting structure 110 to rise or fall will not affect the second drive device 210 driving the second lifting structure 200 to rise or fall. However, since the second drive device 210 is installed on the first lifting structure 110 and the second lifting structure 200 is also installed on the first slide rail 111, the rise and fall of the first lifting structure 110 can drive the second lifting structure 200 and the second drive rod device to rise and fall synchronously. However, the independent operation of the first drive device 120 and the second drive device 210 allows the vertical keyway broaching machine of this embodiment to achieve the simultaneous rise and fall of the first lifting structure 110 driven by the first drive device 120 and the second lifting structure 200 driven by the second drive device 210, and the simultaneous fall and rise and fall of the first lifting structure 110 driven by the second drive device 210.

[0051] Furthermore, the first drive device 120 is not limited to using a motor and lead screw to drive the first lifting structure 110 for lifting; the first drive device 120 can also be a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, telescopic air cylinder, or other similar device. Similarly, the second drive device 210 is not limited to using a motor and lead screw to drive the second lifting structure 200 for lifting; the second drive device 210 can also be a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, telescopic air cylinder, or other similar device. Alternatively, the first drive device 120 can be a motor, and the second drive device 210 can be a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, telescopic air cylinder, or other similar device; or the first drive device 120 can be a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, telescopic air cylinder, or other similar device, and the second drive device 210 can be a motor. The specific arrangement can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the second lifting structure 200 is equipped with a third driving device 710, and the lifting of the second lifting structure 200 can drive the third driving device 710 to lift synchronously. The keyway broaching machine in this embodiment also includes a first clamping device 300, which is slidably mounted on the first slide rail 111. The first clamping device 300 is used to clamp the first end of the keyway broach; the first clamping device 300 is connected to the third driving device 710, which is used to drive the first clamping device 300 to slide along the first slide rail 111. Specifically, in this embodiment, the third driving device 710 is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder or a telescopic pneumatic cylinder, which simplifies the structure, and the height to which the third driving device 710 drives the first clamping device 300 to lift is limited. Since the first slide rail 111 is installed on the first lifting structure 110, the first driving device 120 driving the first lifting structure 110 to lift can drive the first clamping device 300 to lift synchronously. Since the third driving device 710 is connected to the second driving device 210 through the second lifting structure 200, and the first clamping device 300 is connected to the third driving device 710, the second driving device 210 driving the second lifting structure 200 to lift can also drive the first clamping device 300 to lift synchronously through the third driving device 710. The third driving device 710 can drive the first clamping device 300 to lift. In summary, the first driving device 120, the second driving device 210, and the third driving device 710 can all drive the first clamping device 300 to lift.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, the keyway broaching machine further includes a second clamping device 400, which is mounted on the first lifting structure 110 and used to clamp the second end of the keyway broach. Specifically, the second clamping device 400 is fixedly connected to the first lifting structure 110, for example, by fasteners or welding, meaning that the second clamping device 400 cannot move relative to the first lifting structure 110. It is conceivable that if neither the second driving device 210 nor the third driving device 710 operates, the first driving device 120 driving the first lifting structure 110 to rise and fall cannot change the relative distance between the first clamping device 300 and the second clamping device 400; only the second driving device 210 and the third driving device 710 can change the distance between the first clamping device 300 and the second clamping device 400.

[0054] In embodiments of the present invention, the first clamping device 300 and the second clamping device 400 employ the same structure, and both the first clamping device 300 and the second clamping device 400 can clamp keyway broaches of various sizes. Employing the same structure for the first clamping device 300 and the second clamping device 400 effectively reduces production costs and facilitates maintenance.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present invention, the worktable 500 is disposed between the first clamping device 300 and the second clamping device 400. The worktable 500 is used to pick up and put down workpieces. The worktable 500 is connected to the bed 100, that is, the position of the worktable 500 is always fixed. The lifting and lowering of the first lifting structure 110 will not cause the worktable 500 to move.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first lifting structure 110 lifts and lowers the first clamping device 300, the second clamping device 400, and the keyway broach clamped between the first clamping device 300 and the second clamping device 400 to lift and lower the workpiece on the worktable 500; the second driving device 210 drives the second lifting structure 200 to lift and lower and drives the first clamping device 300 to move relative to the second clamping device 400 to adjust the distance between the first clamping device 300 and the second clamping device 400, thereby accommodating keyway broaches of different lengths; the third driving device 710 drives the first clamping device 300 to lift and lower to a limited height, mainly used for changing keyway broaches, thereby realizing the loading and unloading of workpieces.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a vertical keyway broaching machine is provided with a second lifting structure 200 slidably mounted on a first slide rail 111. The second lifting structure 200 is connected to a second driving device 210 that drives its lifting and lowering. A first clamping device 300 is mounted on the second lifting structure 200. The second driving device 210 drives the second lifting structure 200 to lift and lower, which in turn drives the first clamping device 300 to lift and lower relative to the second clamping device 400, thereby realizing the adjustment of the distance between the first clamping device 300 and the second clamping device 400 to accommodate keyway broaches of different lengths. Both the first clamping device 300 and the second clamping device 400 can clamp keyway broaches of various sizes, thereby greatly improving the compatibility of the keyway broaching machine, reducing the steps of changing keyway broaches, and improving production efficiency.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present invention, the keyway broaching machine further includes a guide member 600, which is slidably mounted on the first slide rail 111. The guide member 600 is provided with a guide hole 610 for the keyway broach to pass through. The guide hole 610 is substantially the same as the cross-sectional size of the keyway broach, thereby guiding the keyway broach.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the workbench 500 is provided with a vertically upward extending support rod 510, which passes through the guide member 600; a first limiting block 511 is installed on the support rod 510, and the first limiting block 511 is located below the guide member 600, and is used to limit the end point of the travel of the guide member 600. Specifically, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4As shown, there are two support rods 510, which are respectively set on opposite sides of the worktable 500. The guide member 600 has holes at both ends along its length for the support rods 510 to pass through. A first limiting block 511 is detachably installed on the support rods 510 and is used to support the guide member 600. The guide member 600 is not connected to the vehicle body and is slidably installed on the first slide rail 111. Therefore, when the guide member 600 is only subjected to gravity, it will slide downwards along the support rods 510 until it falls onto the first limiting block 511. The first limiting block 511 restricts the minimum height of the guide member 600 relative to the worktable 500, thereby ensuring that workpieces can be picked up and placed within the distance between the guide member 600 and the worktable 500.

[0060] It is important to note that for workpieces of different heights, the minimum distance between the guide 600 and the worktable 500 needs to be adjusted appropriately to ensure the safe placement and removal of the workpiece. Adjusting the minimum distance between the guide 600 and the worktable 500 can be achieved by adjusting the height of the first limit block 511 on the support rod 510.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first lifting structure 110 is equipped with a contact block 130. The lifting of the first lifting structure 110 causes the contact block 130 to rise and fall synchronously. When the first lifting structure 110 rises until the contact block 130 abuts against the guide member 600 and continues to rise, the contact block 130 pushes the guide member 600 upwards. Specifically, the contact block 130 is detachably connected to the first lifting structure 110, and its height on the first lifting structure 110 can be manually adjusted. The purpose of setting the contact block 130 to push the guide member 600 upwards is to ensure that when placing the workpiece, the keyway broach always has two contact positions with the keyway broaching machine, ensuring that the keyway broach is always in a vertical state and preventing deformation of the keyway broach.

[0062] The working process of the keyway broaching machine in this embodiment of the invention is as follows:

[0063] 1. The first lifting structure 110 rises vertically, causing the contact block 130 to rise. When the contact block 130 rises to abut against the guide member 600 and continues to rise, the contact block 130 can drive the guide member 600 to rise synchronously. When the first lifting structure 110 rises vertically to the highest point, the contact block 130 pushes the guide member 600 to move to the highest point of its stroke. By adjusting the position of the contact block 130 on the first lifting structure 110, the highest point position of the guide hole 610 can be adjusted to accommodate keyway broaches of different lengths.

[0064] Furthermore, when the first lifting structure 110 rises vertically to its highest position, the second clamping device 400 releases the second end of the keyway broach, and then the third driving device 710 retracts to drive the first clamping device 300 to rise relative to the second clamping device 400, thereby causing the second end of the keyway broach to disengage from the second clamping device 400 and finally move until the second end of the keyway broach disengages from the worktable 500 and is located above the worktable 500, thus facilitating the placement of the workpiece on the worktable 500; since the workpiece to be processed is annular and is processed on the inner wall of the annular workpiece, it is necessary to disengage one end of the keyway broach from the worktable 500 in order to place or pick up the workpiece;

[0065] Since the contact block 130 first pushes the guide 600 to rise, when the first lifting structure 110 rises vertically to the highest position, the second end of the keyway broach does not disengage from the guide hole 610 of the guide 600.

[0066] 2. After the workpiece is placed on the worktable 500, the third drive device 710 drives the first clamping device 300 to descend until the second end of the keyway broach is embedded in the second clamping device 400.

[0067] 3. The first driving device 120 drives the first lifting structure 110 to descend, and the second clamping device 400 clamps the keyway broach; the descent of the first lifting structure 110 will cause the contact block 130 to descend synchronously, thereby causing the guide 600 to descend until the guide 600 falls on the first limiting block 511, after which the contact block 130 and the guide 600 disengage; when the first lifting structure 110 descends to its lowest point, it can process the workpiece on the worktable 500;

[0068] When the first lifting structure 110 is close to its lowest position, the first clamping device 300 releases the first end of the keyway broach, and then the third driving device 710 drives the first clamping device 300 to rise. The descent of the first lifting structure 110 will cause the keyway broach to continue to descend. When the first lifting structure 110 is at its lowest point, the first end of the keyway broach is located inside the worktable 500, preferably not protruding from the upper surface of the worktable 500, so as to facilitate the removal of the workpiece from the worktable 500.

[0069] 4. After removing the workpiece from the worktable 500, repeat steps 1 to 3.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first clamping device 300 includes a chuck seat 310, a guide seat 320, a limiting structure 330, and a tightening structure 340. The guide seat 320, the limiting structure 330, and the tightening structure 340 are all mounted on the chuck seat 310. The guide seat 320 is used to guide the broach. The limiting structure 330 and the tightening structure 340 cooperate to fix the position of the first end of the keyway broach.

[0071] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, both ends of the keyway broach are provided with slots, and the limiting structure 330 can be inserted into the slots to fix the position of the broach. The chuck 310 is open at one end and has a receiving cavity 311 in the center for the end of the keyway broach to be inserted; the guide seat 320 is installed at the open end of the chuck 310; the guide seat 320 has a through hole 321 for the keyway broach to pass through, and the through hole 321 communicates with the receiving cavity 311.

[0072] It is important to understand that, as a reference Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the guide seat 320 and the chuck seat 310 are detachably connected. The detachable connection can be achieved by bolts or by clips, depending on the specific requirements. For keyway broaches of different sizes, the guide seat 320 with different sized through holes 321 needs to be replaced. Compared to replacing the entire chuck seat 310, replacing only the guide seat 320 can effectively improve efficiency.

[0073] In an embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the limiting structure 330 includes a main shaft 331 and a limiting plate 332. The limiting plate 332 is connected to the outer periphery of the main shaft 331 and extends outward along the radial direction of the main shaft 331. The main shaft 331 is rotatably mounted on the chuck seat 310 around its own axis. The limiting plate 332 is located in the receiving cavity 311. Rotation of the main shaft 331 can drive the limiting plate 332 to rotate, and rotation of the limiting plate 332 can also drive the main shaft 331 to rotate. The limiting plate 332 is located at the middle position of the main shaft 331. The limiting plate 332 can be an integral structure connected to the main shaft 331, such as by welding, or it can be connected to the main shaft 331 by means of a key, etc., depending on the actual situation.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present invention, the clamping structure 340 is mounted on the chuck seat 310 and abuts against the limiting piece 332; the clamping structure 340 is used to push the limiting piece 332 to move in the direction of the pull cutter, so that the limiting piece 332 is engaged in the slot, thereby limiting the pull cutter. Specifically, when no external force is applied, the abutting member 341 abuts against the limiting piece 332.

[0075] Reference Figure 6As shown, the keyway broach in this embodiment has grooves on both opposite sides, so there are two limiting structures 330. The two limiting pieces 332 of the two limiting structures 330 can be respectively inserted into the two grooves. There are two clamping structures 340 corresponding to the limiting structures 330. When the limiting pieces 332 are not subjected to other external forces, the two clamping structures 340 can push the two limiting pieces 332 to move towards each other; that is, when the limiting pieces 332 are only subjected to the action of the clamping structures 340, the distance between the ends of the two limiting pieces 332 is the smallest. The clamping structure 340 pushes the limiting pieces 332 to move, thereby driving the spindle 331 to rotate around its own axis. Figure 6 In the indicated state, the limiting piece 332 has not yet been engaged in the groove. At this time, the spindle 331 is subjected to external force, that is, the external force causes... Figure 6 If the limiting piece 332 is not yet inserted into the groove, and the spindle 331 is not subjected to external force at this time, the limiting piece 332 will be pushed into the groove under the action of the clamping structure 340.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present invention, the chuck seat 310 is provided with mounting holes 312, and the clamping structure 340 is detachably installed in the mounting holes 312. Specifically, since the clamping structure 340 ultimately drives the spindle 331 to rotate, the movement trajectory of the end of the limiting piece 332 is arc-shaped. In order to facilitate the clamping structure 340 to push the limiting piece 332 to move, it is preferable to set the mounting holes 312 at an angle, so that the clamping structure 340 and the limiting piece 332 always maintain a large contact area. As can be seen from the above, there are two clamping structures 340, so there are also two mounting holes 312, both of which are set at an angle.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present invention, the clamping structure 340 includes an abutment member 341, a first elastic member 342, and a connecting bolt 343. The abutment member 341 and the connecting bolt 343 are connected by the first elastic member 342. The abutment member 341 abuts against the limiting piece 332, and the connecting bolt 343 is connected to the chuck seat 310. Specifically, refer to... Figure 5 , Figure 8 As shown, the first elastic element 342 is a spring, and at least a portion of the inner wall of the mounting hole 312 is threaded. The connecting bolt 343 passes through the mounting hole 312 and is threadedly connected to it. Because the connecting bolt 343 is threadedly connected to the mounting hole 312, the first elastic structure can only push the abutment 341 to move. That is, the force that pushes the limiting piece 332 into the groove is provided by the first elastic element 342. The diameter of the abutment 341 should be smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 312.

[0078] In an embodiment of the present invention, one end of the abutment member 341 is provided with an arc-shaped surface, which abuts against the limiting piece 332. Specifically, the arc-shaped surface is provided at the end of the abutment member 341 away from the first elastic member 342. The arc-shaped surface can increase its contact area with the limiting piece 332, and at the same time prevent scratches on the surface of the limiting piece 332.

[0079] In an embodiment of the present invention, mounting plates 314 are installed on both opposite sides of the chuck 310, and the mounting plates 314 are detachably connected to the chuck 310; both ends of the spindle 331 pass through the two mounting plates 314 respectively. Specifically, refer to... Figure 5 As shown, the mounting plate 314 and the chuck seat 310 can be detachably connected by bolts or clips. In this embodiment, bolts are used because they are a low-cost and technologically mature method. Both mounting plates 314 have through holes 315 for the spindle 331 to pass through. The purpose of the mounting plates 314 is to facilitate the installation of the limiting structure 330. When installing the limiting structure 330, one mounting plate 314 can be installed first, then the limiting structure 330, and finally the other mounting plate 314. This allows for a visual installation of the limiting structure 330, which not only greatly improves the installation efficiency but also ensures the installation effect. In addition, the detachable connection between the mounting plate 314 and the chuck seat 310 also facilitates the maintenance and inspection of the limiting structure 330 and the clamping structure 340 on the mounting plate 314, and allows for the individual replacement of the mounting plate 314, thereby reducing maintenance costs.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, at least one end of the main shaft 331 along its length is equipped with an adjusting plate 333, and the rotation of the adjusting plate 333 can drive the main shaft 331 to rotate synchronously. Specifically, refer to... Figure 7 As shown, the adjusting plate 333 is sleeved on the main shaft 331 and is connected to the main shaft 331 for transmission, that is, the adjusting plate 333 is detachably connected to the main shaft 331. The adjusting plate 333 is located on the outside of the chuck seat 310, that is, the mounting plate 314 should be connected to the chuck seat 310 first and then the adjusting plate 333 should be installed. The size of the adjusting plate 333 is larger than the size of the through hole 315 on the mounting plate 314. Therefore, installing adjusting plates 333 at both ends of the spindle 331 along its length can axially limit the spindle 331, thereby ensuring that the limiting plate 332 is aligned with the groove of the keyway broach. In addition, the adjusting plate 333 has a structure that extends radially along the spindle 331. Moving the adjusting plate 333 can drive the spindle 331 to rotate, which in turn drives the limiting plate 332 to rotate, thereby disengaging the limiting plate 332 from the groove of the keyway broach. Since the adjusting plate 333 has a structure that extends radially along the spindle 331, it is easier to drive the spindle 331 to rotate by moving the adjusting plate 333 than to directly rotate the spindle 331.

[0081] In an embodiment of the present invention, a reset structure 350 is further included. The reset structure 350 is installed within the receiving cavity 311 and abuts against the end of the broach. The reset structure 350 is used to push the broach in a direction away from the chuck seat 310. Specifically, refer to... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the reset structure 350 includes a push rod 351 and a second elastic element 352. The two ends of the second elastic element 352 abut against the chuck seat 310 and the push rod 351, respectively. The push rod 351 abuts against the end of the puller. The receiving cavity 311 also has a central hole 313 extending along the length of the chuck seat 310. The first end of the push rod 351 passes through the central hole 313 to restrict the push rod 351 to slide only along the central hole 313. The second end of the push rod 351 has a pin that abuts against the bottom of the puller. The second end of the push rod 351 also has a radially protruding shoulder. The two ends of the second elastic element 352 abut against the inner wall of the chuck seat 310 and the shoulder, respectively. The second elastic element 352 is preferably a spring. Multiple second elastic elements 352 are provided, and they are evenly spaced around the circumference. When the keyway broach is installed into the chuck 310 and the limiting piece 332 is engaged in the groove, it will compress the second elastic member 352. Therefore, when the limiting piece 332 is disengaged from the groove of the keyway broach, the second elastic member 352 will push the keyway broach to move away from the chuck 310, thereby facilitating the removal of the keyway broach from the chuck 310.

[0082] It is conceivable that the second elastic element 352 in this embodiment is a small-sized spring. The second elastic element 352 can also be a large-sized spring. For example, the second elastic element 352 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the top rod 351, and the two ends of the second elastic element 352 abut against the shaft shoulder and the chuck seat 310 respectively.

[0083] The first clamping device 300 of this embodiment of the invention limits the keyway broach by means of the limiting structure 330 and the clamping structure 340, so that the clamping device can be used for keyway broaches of various sizes, thereby effectively reducing the types and sizes of clamping devices, and eliminating the need for frequent replacement of clamping devices, thereby effectively improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present invention, a third lifting structure 700 is slidably mounted on a first slide rail 111. The third lifting structure 700 is connected to a third driving device 710, and a first clamping device 300 is mounted on the third lifting structure 700. A fourth driving device 720 is also included, mounted on the third lifting structure 700, and used to drive the main shaft 331 to rotate, so that the limiting piece 332 disengages from the slot. Specifically, the fourth driving device 720 is used to drive the adjusting piece 333 to rotate, thereby driving the main shaft 331 to rotate. (Refer to...) Figure 3As shown and as can be seen from the above, the first clamping device 300 is provided with two limiting structures 330, and therefore the first clamping device 300 also has two adjusting plates 333. The fourth driving device 720 is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder or a telescopic pneumatic cylinder. The output end of the fourth driving device 720 is connected to a plug 721. The plug 721 can be inserted between the two adjusting plates 333, thereby driving the spindle 331 to rotate, so that the ends of the two limiting plates 332 of the two limiting structures 330 move away from each other, thereby realizing that the limiting plates 332 are disengaged from the slot of the keyway broach. When the fourth driving device 720 drives the plug 721 to disengage from between the two adjusting plates 333, the two limiting plates 332 of the two limiting structures 330 will be reset under the action of the clamping structure 340.

[0085] It is conceivable that when the first clamping device 300 needs to disengage the keyway broach, the fourth driving device 720 can simply drive the insert block 721 to be inserted between the two adjusting plates 333.

[0086] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second clamping device 400 is provided with a second limiting structure for fixing the second end of the keyway broach within the second clamping device 400; the worktable 500 is provided with an insert 521. When the second clamping device 400 rises to the point where the second limiting structure contacts the insert 521 and continues to rise, it can drive the second limiting structure to disengage from the keyway broach. Specifically, as can be seen from the above, the first clamping device 300 and the second clamping device 400 in this embodiment have the same structure. Therefore, the second limiting structure of the second clamping device 400 is the same as the limiting structure 330 in the first clamping device 300. At the same time, the second clamping device 400 is also equipped with two opposing second limiting structures. The second limiting structure also has the same second spindle, second limiting piece, and second adjusting piece as the limiting structure 330. The second limiting piece can be inserted into the slot at the second end of the keyway broach, and the rotation of the second adjusting piece can drive the second limiting piece to disengage from the slot at the second end of the keyway broach.

[0087] Reference Figure 4 As shown, a mounting ring 520 is installed at the bottom of the worktable 500, and an insert 521 is disposed on the mounting ring 520, with the structure of the insert 521 being consistent with that of the insert plate. When the first driving device 120 drives the first lifting structure 110 to rise to the highest position, the insert 521 at the bottom of the worktable 500 can be inserted into the two second adjusting plates, thereby causing the two second limiting plates to disengage from the slots at the second end of the keyway broach, and thus allowing the second end of the keyway broach to disengage from the second clamping device 400.

[0088] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0089] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical keyway broaching machine, characterized in that, include: The bed has a first lifting structure that is movable and adjustable, and the first lifting structure is connected to a first driving device that drives it to lift. The first lifting structure is provided with a first slide rail arranged in the vertical direction, and the first lifting structure is equipped with a second driving device. The second lifting structure is slidably mounted on the first slide rail and connected to the second driving device. The second driving device is used to drive the second lifting structure to slide along the first slide rail. The second lifting structure is equipped with a third driving device; A first clamping device is slidably mounted on the first slide rail and is used to clamp the first end of the keyway broach; the first clamping device is connected to the third driving device and the third driving device is used to drive the first clamping device to slide along the first slide rail. The second clamping device is installed on the first lifting structure and is used to clamp the second end of the keyway broach; both the first clamping device and the second clamping device can clamp keyway broaches of various sizes. A worktable, connected to the bed, is used to place workpieces; the worktable is located between the first clamping device and the second clamping device. A guide member is slidably mounted on the first slide rail and disposed between the worktable and the first clamping device; the guide member is provided with a guide hole for the keyway broach to pass through, and the guide hole is used to guide the keyway broach. The workbench is provided with a vertically upward extending support rod that passes through the guide member; the support rod is equipped with a first limiting block located below the guide member, which is used to limit the guide member's travel end point; the first lifting structure is equipped with a collision block, and the lifting of the first lifting structure can drive the collision block to rise and fall synchronously; when the first lifting structure rises until the collision block abuts against the guide member and continues to rise, the collision block can push the guide member to rise.

2. The vertical keyway broaching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving device is a motor, and the output end of the first driving device is connected to a first lead screw. The first lifting structure is connected to the first lead screw for transmission.

3. The vertical keyway broaching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second driving device is a motor, and the output end of the second driving device is connected to a second lead screw. The second lifting structure is connected to the second lead screw drive.

4. The vertical keyway broaching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clamping device includes: The chuck has an opening at one end and a central cavity for inserting the shank of the puller. The shank of the puller has a slot. A guide seat is installed at the open end of the chuck seat; the guide seat is provided with a through hole for the first end of the keyway broach to pass through, and the through hole communicates with the receiving cavity; The limiting structure includes a main shaft and a limiting plate. The limiting plate is connected to the outer periphery of the main shaft and extends outward along the radial direction of the main shaft. The main shaft is rotatably inserted into the chuck seat about its own axis. The limiting plate is located in the receiving cavity. The rotation of the main shaft can drive the limiting plate to rotate. A clamping structure is installed on the chuck seat and abuts against the limiting piece; the clamping structure is used to push the limiting piece to move in the direction of the puller, so that the limiting piece is engaged in the slot, thereby limiting the puller.

5. The vertical keyway broaching machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first slide rail is slidably mounted with a third lifting structure, the third lifting structure is connected to the third driving device, and the first clamping device is mounted on the third lifting structure; It also includes a fourth driving device, which is installed on the third lifting structure and is used to drive the main shaft to rotate so that the limiting piece disengages from the slot.

6. The vertical keyway broaching machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: An adjusting plate is installed at at least one end of the spindle along its length, and the rotation of the adjusting plate can drive the spindle to rotate synchronously; the fourth driving device is used to drive the adjusting plate to rotate, thereby driving the spindle to rotate.

7. The vertical keyway broaching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second clamping device is provided with a second limiting structure for fixing the second end of the keyway broach within the second clamping device; the worktable is provided with an insert bar, and when the second clamping device rises to the point where the second limiting structure contacts the insert bar and continues to rise, it can drive the second limiting structure to disengage from the keyway broach.

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