A method for designing a spatial filter and a display assembly

Abstract

The application discloses a design method of a spatial filter and a display assembly, and relates to the technical field of optical display. The design method of the spatial filter is arranged on the light path of the display assembly, and comprises the following steps: a test system of the display assembly is built, the test system comprises an optical engine, an optical waveguide arranged on the light exit side of the optical engine, and an optical detector; the optical engine is controlled to be turned on, the light beam emitted by the optical engine is projected to the optical detector to form an output image after passing through the optical waveguide, the output image comprises a plurality of compensation areas; the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation area is calculated, analyzed and deconstructed by the optical detector according to the output image; the transmittance of each compensation area is calculated according to the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation area; the spatial filter is prepared according to the transmittance of each compensation area, and the spatial filter is arranged on the light path of the display assembly. The design method of the spatial filter and the display assembly provided by the application can output an image which is uniform and has appropriate brightness, and is convenient and easy to implement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical display technology, and more specifically, to a design method for a spatial filter and a display component. Background Technology

[0002] Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that combines real and virtual images, videos, and 3D models. Its goal is to overlay the virtual world onto the real world on a screen and allow for interaction. When AR is applied to Head-Up Displays (HUDs), the optical waveguide, with its small size, light weight, and powerful optical functions, is a core component for realizing portable HUDs. Optical waveguides typically have coupling-in and coupling-out regions. Image beams are coupled into the waveguide through the coupling-in region, propagate within the waveguide to the coupling-out region, and finally exit through the coupling-out region. However, this technology commonly suffers from striped light spots in the normal display area of ​​the waveguide due to uneven spatial distribution of light, resulting in a poor visual experience for the driver and even posing a driving hazard.

[0003] Existing technologies involve detecting and modulating the output image of the display component to generate a new modulated image, which is then input into an optomechanical system for further imaging via the optical waveguide. This approach requires a significant amount of memory, and generating the modulated image also necessitates memory for image analysis and computation. Furthermore, it necessitates frequent testing of the display component's imaging using optical detection equipment, which fails to meet practical application needs. Moreover, the performance of this approach is less than ideal. The so-called modulation merely suppresses the spatial energy distribution of the display component, achieving a supposedly improved uniformity by simply reducing brightness. While this achieves higher uniformity, it does not improve the display quality and may even degrade it, contradicting the design objective. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a design method for a spatial filter and a display component that can output a uniform and appropriately bright image, and is easy to implement.

[0005] One embodiment of this application provides a design method for a spatial filter, which is disposed in the optical path of a display component to improve the uniformity of the output image of the display component. The method includes: constructing a test system for the display component, the test system including an optical engine, an optical waveguide disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical engine, and an optical detector disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide; controlling the optical engine to start, the light beam emitted by the optical engine is projected onto the optical detector after passing through the optical waveguide to form an output image, the output image including multiple compensation areas; the optical detector calculates, analyzes, and deconstructs the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation area based on the output image; calculates the transmittance of each compensation area based on the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation area; fabricates a spatial filter based on the transmittance of each compensation area, and disposes the spatial filter in the optical path of the display component.

[0006] As an feasible approach, the optical detector processes and calculates the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region based on the output image, which includes: adjusting the relative position of the optical detector and the optical waveguide to form multiple output images; processing and calculating the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region in the multiple output images based on the multiple output images; and performing a comprehensive smoothing blur calculation on the corresponding compensation regions in the multiple output images to obtain the comprehensive inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region.

[0007] As one feasible approach, the optical detector calculates the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation region based on the output image processing, including: performing grayscale processing on the image of each compensation region and calculating a grayscale histogram; and obtaining the maximum brightness value (max) of the compensation region based on the grayscale histogram. _ α and minimum brightness value min _ α; according to the normalization formula Calculate the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation zone, where α is the brightness value of the current sampling point.

[0008] As one feasible approach, the optical engine is turned on, and the beam emitted by the optical engine is projected onto the optical detector after passing through the optical waveguide to form an output image. The output image includes multiple compensation zones, including: opening all channels of the optical engine to make the output image a full white image, or opening some channels of the optical engine to make the output image sequentially set to a full red image, a full green image, and a full blue image.

[0009] As an feasible approach, the optical detector processes and calculates the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation region based on the output image, including: calculating the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation region based on the full-red image, full-green image, and full-blue image respectively; and averaging the inverse intensity distributions of the corresponding compensation regions to obtain the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation region.

[0010] As an feasible approach, preparing a spatial filter based on the transmittance of each compensation region and placing the spatial filter in the optical path of the display component includes: preparing a spatial filter based on the transmittance of each compensation region; determining the relative positional relationship between the spatial filter and the coupling region of the optical waveguide; and fixing the position of the spatial filter.

[0011] As an feasible approach, determining the relative positional relationship between the spatial filter and the coupling region of the optical waveguide includes: turning on the optical engine, with the outer periphery of the output image of the optical engine containing a marker frame; setting a positioning mark on the outer periphery of the spatial filter corresponding to the marker frame; turning the optical engine back on, and adjusting the position of the spatial filter so that the marker frame coincides with the positioning mark.

[0012] As one feasible approach, the relative positions of the optical detector and the optical waveguide include nine, resulting in nine output images.

[0013] Another aspect of this application provides a design method for a spatial filter, comprising: constructing a test system for the angular distribution characteristics of a display component, the test system including an optical engine, an optical waveguide disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical engine, and an optical detector disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide; controlling the optical engine to turn on, the light beam emitted by the optical engine is projected onto the optical detector after passing through the optical waveguide to form an output image, the output image including multiple compensation areas; adjusting the position of the optical detector and the optical waveguide, turning on the optical engine, the light beam emitted by the optical engine is projected onto the optical detector after passing through the optical waveguide to form an output image, until the number of output images reaches a preset value; The brightness value of each compensated region in each output image is calculated and normalized to obtain the corresponding gray level; four co-occurrence matrices are calculated and normalized; the energy, entropy, moment of inertia, correlation, and inverse difference feature parameters of the normalized co-occurrence matrices are calculated; the mean, standard deviation, and variance of the energy, entropy, moment of inertia, correlation, and inverse difference are calculated as features of the matrix; the matrix features are combined and restored to obtain the corrected image according to the feature quantization level; a spatial filter is made based on the corrected image and placed between the optomechanical unit and the optical detector to compensate for the uniformity of the optical waveguide.

[0014] Another embodiment of this application provides a display component, including a spatial filter, an optical engine, and an optical waveguide disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical engine. The spatial filter is disposed in the optical path between the optical engine and the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide. The light beam emitted from the optical engine is coupled into the optical waveguide through the coupling region and coupled out in the coupling region of the optical waveguide to form an output image. The spatial filter is obtained by one of the above-described spatial filter design methods to improve the uniformity of the output image.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application include:

[0016] This application provides a design method for a spatial filter, which is placed in the optical path of a display component to improve the uniformity of the output image. The method includes: constructing a test system for the display component, comprising an optical engine, an optical waveguide positioned on the output side of the optical engine, and an optical detector positioned on the output side of the optical waveguide; wherein the optical engine and the optical waveguide are components of the display component. The optical engine is activated, and the beam emitted from the optical engine passes through the optical waveguide and is projected onto the optical detector to form an output image. The output image includes multiple compensation regions and contains non-uniformities caused by coupling in and out regions. The optical detector calculates, analyzes, and deconstructs the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region based on the output image. The transmittance of each compensation region is calculated based on its inverse intensity distribution. A spatial filter is fabricated based on the transmittance of each compensation region and placed in the optical path of the display component. This allows the spatial filter to adjust the transmittance according to the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region, achieving spatial adjustment of the optical waveguide and thus improving image uniformity. Because this application adjusts each compensation region, the brightness attenuation of the output image of the display component is minimal. Therefore, the spatial filter design method of this application embodiment can output a uniform and appropriately bright image, and is convenient and easy to implement. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 One of the flowcharts for a design method of a spatial filter provided in this application embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a test system for a display component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a display component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a display component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the third schematic diagram of a display component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 6 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an optical waveguide and spatial filter provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 7 A second schematic diagram of an optical waveguide and spatial filter provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 8 A second flowchart illustrating a design method for a spatial filter provided in this application embodiment;

[0026] Figure 9 The output image of the display component for Comparison 1;

[0027] Figure 10 The output image of the display component in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 11 The output image of the display component in Comparison 2;

[0029] Figure 12 This is the output image of the display component in Example 2.

[0030] Icons: 10-Optical mechanism; 11-Optical waveguide; 111-Coupled-in region; 112-Coupled-out region; 12-Optical detector; 20-Display component; 21-Spatial filter; 22-Collimating lens; Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0034] This application provides a design method for a spatial filter 21, wherein the spatial filter 21 is disposed in the optical path of a display component 20 to improve the uniformity of the output image of the display component 20. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the design method of the spatial filter 21 includes:

[0035] S10: As Figure 2 As shown, a test system for the display component 20 is constructed. The test system includes an optical engine 10, an optical waveguide 11 disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical engine 10, and an optical detector 12 disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide 11.

[0036] The display component 20 formed by the optical engine 10 and the optical waveguide 11 is the display component 20 with the spatial filter 21. That is, the spatial filter 21 provided in this embodiment is designed and formed to be disposed in the optical path of this display component 20.

[0037] For the same group of display components 20 with the same characteristics, sequential spatial filtering components 21 can be designed.

[0038] S20: Control the start of the optical engine 10. The beam emitted from the optical engine 10 passes through the optical waveguide 11 and is projected onto the optical detector 12 to form an output image. The output image includes multiple compensation areas.

[0039] Specifically, the method and number of compensation zones are not limited in this application embodiment, and those skilled in the art can set them according to the actual situation.

[0040] It is understandable that the edges of two adjacent compensation regions in multiple compensation regions are connected so that multiple compensation regions are connected to form the entire output image.

[0041] S30: The optical detector 12 calculates, analyzes, and deconstructs the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation zone based on the output image;

[0042] S40: Calculate the transmittance of each compensation zone based on the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation zone;

[0043] The inverse intensity distribution is the transmittance of the compensation zone.

[0044] S50: Prepare a spatial filter element 21 according to the transmittance of each compensation zone, and place the spatial filter element 21 in the optical path of the display component 20.

[0045] In this embodiment, the specific positional relationship of the spatial filter 21 placed on the optical path of the display component 20 is not limited. For example, it can be as follows: Figure 3 The light-emitting side of the coupling region 112 of the optical waveguide 11 shown; or it can be as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5 The coupling region 111 shown is between the optomechanical system 10, as follows: Figure 4 Near the coupling region 111, such as Figure 5 The light-emitting side is close to the optical engine 10.

[0046] It should be noted that when the spatial filter 21 is set in different positions, the size of the spatial filter 21 corresponds to the size of the light spot projected onto the spatial filter 21. Therefore, the size of the spatial filter 21 is different when the spatial filter 21 is set in different positions.

[0047] Furthermore, regarding the specific structure of the spatial filter 21 in this embodiment, for example, it can be a spatial filter film, pasted on the light-emitting side of the optomechanical system 10, the light-incident side of the coupling region 111, or the light-emitting side of the coupling region 112, or a filter plate, spaced apart from the optical waveguide 11 or the optomechanical system 10. Preferably, a spatial filter film can be used, which is easy to fix and can be set to the same size as the coupling region 111.

[0048] The spatial filter 21 designed by the method provided in this application can adjust the transmittance of the spatial filter 21 according to the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation zone, thereby achieving spatial adjustment of the optical waveguide 11 and improving the uniformity of the image. Since this application adjusts for each compensation zone, the brightness attenuation of the output image of the display component 20 is minimal. Therefore, the spatial filter 21 design method of this application embodiment can output a uniform and appropriately bright image, and is convenient and easy to implement.

[0049] Optionally, the optical detector 12 processes the output image to calculate the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation region, including:

[0050] S31: Adjust the relative position of the optical detector 12 and the optical waveguide 11 to form multiple output images;

[0051] Adjust the relative position of the optical detector 12 and the optical waveguide 11 so that the optical detector 12 can form output images from different angles. In this way, multiple output images are the images formed by observing the optical waveguide 11 from different angles.

[0052] The specific relative positions and the number of output images are not limited in this application embodiment. For example, multiple output images can be acquired based on the commonly used position of the display component 20 during operation, or a standard testing method, such as the 9-point testing method, can be used to acquire 9 images. Those skilled in the art can make settings according to the actual situation.

[0053] S32: The optical detector 12 processes and calculates based on multiple output images, and the output is the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region of the multiple output images;

[0054] Calculate the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation region of each of the multiple output images.

[0055] S33: Perform comprehensive smoothing blur calculation on the corresponding compensation regions in multiple output images to obtain the comprehensive inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region.

[0056] For each output image, a comprehensive smoothing blur calculation is performed on the corresponding compensation area to obtain a comprehensive inverse intensity distribution. The comprehensive inverse intensity distribution reflects the inverse intensity at different angles, i.e., the spatial angular distribution characteristics, so that the comprehensive inverse intensity distribution can be closer to the real inverse intensity distribution.

[0057] It should be noted that when there are multiple output images, the compensation regions in the multiple output images have the same division rules, so that the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region can be comprehensively smoothed and blurred.

[0058] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the optical detector 12 calculates based on the output image processing, and the output includes the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region:

[0059] S311: Perform grayscale processing on the image of each compensation region and calculate the grayscale histogram;

[0060] S312: Obtain the maximum brightness value max_α and minimum brightness value min_α of the compensation area based on the grayscale histogram; according to the normalization formula... Calculate the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation zone, where α is the brightness value of the current sampling point.

[0061] Optionally, the optical engine 10 is turned on. The light beam emitted from the optical engine 10 is projected onto the optical detector 12 after passing through the optical waveguide 11 to form an output image. The output image includes multiple compensation zones, including: opening all channels of the optical engine 10 so that the output image is a full white image, or opening some channels of the optical engine 10 so that the output image is a full red image, a full green image, and a full blue image in sequence.

[0062] Using a pure white image as the output image simplifies the calculation process of the inverse intensity distribution while accurately reflecting the non-uniformity of the optical waveguide 11.

[0063] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, the optical detector 12 calculates based on the output image processing, and the output includes the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region:

[0064] S321: Calculate the inverse intensity distribution corresponding to each compensation region based on the full-red image, full-green image, and full-blue image respectively;

[0065] S322: Calculate the mean of the inverse intensity distribution of the corresponding compensation zone and use it as the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation zone.

[0066] The output images are, in sequence, a full red image, a full green image, and a full blue image. The inverse intensity distribution of the corresponding compensation area is calculated based on the inverse intensity distribution of the full red, full green, and full blue images of each compensation area, which can more accurately reflect the non-uniformity of the optical waveguide 11.

[0067] Specifically, the method for calculating the mean is not limited in the embodiments of this application. For example, it can be one of the following: arithmetic mean, geometric mean, harmonic mean, weighted mean, and square mean.

[0068] Optionally, the spatial filter 21 is fabricated according to the transmittance of each compensation zone, and the spatial filter 21 is disposed in the optical path of the display assembly 20, including:

[0069] S51: Prepare spatial filter element 21 according to the transmittance of each compensation zone;

[0070] It is understandable that the spatial filter 21 includes filter zones that correspond one-to-one with the compensation zone, and each filter zone has a different transmittance.

[0071] S52: Determine the relative positional relationship between the spatial filter 21 and the coupling region 112 of the optical waveguide 11;

[0072] Determine the relative positional relationship between the spatial filter 21 and the coupling region 112 of the optical waveguide 11, that is, determine the correspondence between the compensation regions of the filtering region.

[0073] Furthermore, this embodiment of the application will be described using the example of a spatial filter 21 being disposed on the light-emitting side of the coupling-out region 112. The spatial filter 21 is disposed on the same side of the light-emitting surface of the optomechanical 10 and the light-incident surface of the coupling-in region 111 as the light-emitting side of the coupling-out region 112.

[0074] S53: Position of fixed space filter 21.

[0075] Specifically, when the spatial filter element 21 is a spatial filter membrane, it can be fixed by adsorption or pasting; when the spatial filter element 21 is a spatial filter plate, it can be fixed by slots or other means.

[0076] In one possible implementation of this application embodiment, determining the relative positional relationship between the spatial filter 21 and the coupling region 112 of the optical waveguide 11 includes:

[0077] S521: Optical engine 10 is turned on, and the outer periphery of the output image of optical engine 10 includes a marker box;

[0078] When the beam emitted from the optomechanical system 10 forms a completely white output image at the optical detector 12, a black frame with a width of several pixels can be set at the edge of the beam to form a marker box on the outer periphery of the output image. This determines the boundary of the light and dark distribution of the optical waveguide 11.

[0079] The marker box can be a marker surrounding the outer circumference of the output image, or multiple marker segments spaced at intervals. Specifically, when the output image is square, the marker box can be as follows: Figure 6 The square frame shown can also be as follows: Figure 7 The four corner frames.

[0080] S522: Positioning marks are set on the outer periphery of the spatial filter 21 corresponding to the marking frame;

[0081] Based on the bounding box around the output image, set positioning marks around the spatial filter.

[0082] S523: Restart the optical engine 10 and adjust the position of the spatial filter 21 so that the marker frame coincides with the positioning mark.

[0083] Turn on the optical engine 10. The outer periphery of the output image of the optical engine 10 includes a marker frame. Adjust the position of the spatial filter 21 so that the marker frame coincides with the positioning mark, and the position of the spatial filter 21 can be determined.

[0084] Preferably, the marker box adopts the following... Figure 7 The four corner boxes occupy fewer pixels, thus reducing the sacrifice of display area without affecting the accuracy of the positional correspondence between the marker box and the positioning marker.

[0085] Optionally, the relative positions of the optical detector 12 and the optical waveguide 11 include nine, resulting in nine output images.

[0086] It is understandable that the more relative positions of the optical detector 12 and the optical waveguide 11, the more output images are formed, and the more complex the calculation becomes when calculating the overall inverse intensity distribution. However, the closer the calculated intensity distribution is to the actual situation of the optical waveguide 11, the higher the accuracy of the fabricated filter film. Based on the above two considerations, this embodiment of the application adopts a 9-point test method, sampling 9 times at 9 positions of the display component 20 to form 9 output images.

[0087] It should be noted that including nine relative positions between the optical detector 12 and the optical waveguide 11 is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not a limitation on the embodiment of this application. Those skilled in the art can set the number of relative positions according to the actual situation.

[0088] Another aspect of this application provides a design method for a spatial filter 21. This design method is based on a co-occurrence matrix feature extraction algorithm, which extracts and collects the spatial angular distribution characteristics of the output image acquired in each region, and finally generates a corrected image suitable for the global exit pupil region of the display component 20. Specifically, as shown... Figure 8 As shown, it includes:

[0089] S10': Construct a test system for the angular distribution characteristics of the display component 20. The test system includes an optical engine 10, an optical waveguide 11 disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical engine 10, and an optical detector 12 disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide 11.

[0090] S20': Control the start of the optical engine 10. The beam emitted from the optical engine 10 passes through the optical waveguide 11 and is projected onto the optical detector 12 to form an output image. The output image includes multiple compensation areas.

[0091] S30': Adjust the position of the optical detector 12 and the optical waveguide 11, turn on the optical engine 10, and the beam emitted from the optical engine 10 is projected onto the optical detector 12 after passing through the optical waveguide 11 to form an output image until the number of output images reaches the preset value.

[0092] S40': Calculate the brightness value of each compensation area in each output image and normalize it to obtain the corresponding gray level;

[0093] Specifically, the grayscale level can be set to 256 or 16. When the grayscale level is 256, the grayscale value is 0-255, which can largely preserve the grayscale level features of the output image. When the grayscale level is 16, the grayscale value is 0-15, compressing the grayscale level of the original image can reduce the amount of computation and improve the processing speed. Those skilled in the art can proceed according to the actual situation.

[0094] S50': Calculate the co-occurrence matrix and normalize it;

[0095] The number of co-occurrence matrices and the sampling distance are not limited in this embodiment. For example, four co-occurrence matrices are used, with angles θ of 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°; or six co-occurrence matrices are used, with angles θ of 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150°. The sampling distance d of the co-occurrence matrices is between 0.1 and 10, preferably 1, 2, and 5. A larger number of co-occurrence matrices can be used when the computational power requirement is met. A higher number of co-occurrence matrices results in higher accuracy but also requires greater computational power and storage. Those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0096] S60': Calculate the energy, entropy, moment of inertia, correlation, and inverse difference characteristic parameters of the normalized co-occurrence matrix;

[0097] S70': Calculate the mean, standard deviation, and variance of energy, entropy, moment of inertia, correlation, and inverse difference as features of the matrix;

[0098] The characteristics of a 15-dimensional matrix formed by the mean, standard deviation, and variance of the five parameters.

[0099] S80': Matrix feature combination and restoration to obtain the corrected image according to the feature quantization level;

[0100] S90': A spatial filter 21 is fabricated using the corrected image as a template, and the spatial filter 21 is placed between the optomechanical unit 10 and the optical detector 12 to compensate for the uniformity of the optical waveguide 11.

[0101] The design method of the spatial filter 21 in this application embodiment is applicable to global adjustment to achieve precise coupling between the spatial filter film and the display component 20, while largely preserving the characteristics of the corresponding spatial angular distribution. This still improves the final display effect to a certain extent, and has limited impact on brightness. Therefore, the design method of the spatial filter 21 in this application embodiment can output a uniform and appropriately bright image, and is convenient and easy to implement.

[0102] In another aspect, embodiments of this application provide a display component 20, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the display assembly 20 includes a spatial filter 21, an optical engine 10, and an optical waveguide 11 disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical engine 10. The spatial filter 21 is disposed in the optical path between the optical engine 10 and the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide 11. The light beam emitted from the optical engine 10 is coupled into the optical waveguide 11 through the coupling region 111 and coupled out at the coupling region 112 of the optical waveguide 11 to form an output image. The spatial filter 21 is obtained by one of the above-described design methods for the spatial filter 21. The spatial filter 21 is disposed in the optical path of the display assembly 20. The spatial filter 21 can externally compensate for the non-uniformity of the optical waveguide 11 to improve the uniformity of the output image. In addition, the spatial filter 21 has little effect on the brightness of the display assembly 20. Therefore, the display assembly 20 of this embodiment can output a uniform image with suitable brightness.

[0103] Additionally, a collimating lens 22 is typically placed between the optical engine 10 and the coupling region 111 to collimate the beam before it enters the coupling region 111, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown.

[0104] To further verify the beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application, spatial filters are added to the display components of the two sets of comparative examples, forming Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. The output images of Comparative Example 1 and Embodiment 1 are as follows: Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, for Figure 9 and Figure 10 Analysis shows that, Figure 9 To display a grayscale image of the blue light channel of the component, its brightness is 52.50 cd / m². 2 The uniformity was 3.39%. Figure 10The grayscale image of the blue channel of the diffractive waveguide display device, detected using optical detection equipment under the same experimental environment after setting up a spatial filter, has a brightness of 49.44 cd / m². 2 The uniformity was 27.31%.

[0105] The output images of Comparative Example 2 and Example 2 are as follows Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, for Figure 11 and Figure 12 Analysis shows that, Figure 11 To display the grayscale image of the component's red light channel, its value is 458.04 cd / m². 2 The uniformity was 27.62%. Figure 12 The grayscale image of the red channel of the diffractive waveguide display device, detected using optical detection equipment under the same experimental environment after setting up a spatial filter, has a brightness of 416.49 cd / m². 2 The uniformity was 64.16%.

[0106] As can be seen from the comparative examples and embodiments, the display component of the present application embodiment is able to output a uniform image with suitable brightness.

[0107] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A design method for a spatial filter, wherein the spatial filter is disposed in the optical path of a display component to improve the uniformity of the output image of the display component, characterized in that, include: A test system for display components is constructed, the test system including an optical engine, an optical waveguide disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical engine, and an optical detector disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide; The optical engine is turned on by control. The light beam emitted by the optical engine passes through the optical waveguide and is projected onto the optical detector to form an output image. The output image includes multiple compensation areas. The optical detector calculates, analyzes, and deconstructs the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region based on the output image; The transmittance of each compensation zone is calculated based on the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation zone. Spatial filters are fabricated based on the transmittance of each compensation zone and then placed in the optical path of the display assembly.

2. The design method of the spatial filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical detector processes and calculates the output image based on the output image, and the output includes the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation region: Adjusting the relative position of the optical detector and the optical waveguide generates multiple output images; The optical detector processes and calculates based on multiple output images, and the output is the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region in the multiple output images; A comprehensive smoothing blur calculation is performed on the corresponding compensation regions in multiple output images to obtain the comprehensive inverse intensity distribution of each compensation region.

3. The design method of the spatial filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical detector calculates based on the output image processing, and the output includes the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation region: Perform grayscale processing on the image of each compensation region and calculate the grayscale histogram; The maximum brightness value of the compensation area is obtained based on the grayscale histogram. and minimum brightness value ; According to the normalization formula Calculate the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation zone, where, This represents the brightness value of the current sampling point.

4. The design method of the spatial filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control activates the optical engine, and the beam emitted by the optical engine is projected onto the optical detector after passing through the optical waveguide to form an output image. The output image includes multiple compensation regions, including: Open all channels of the optical engine to output a completely white image, or open some channels of the optical engine to output images sequentially as a completely red image, a completely green image, and a completely blue image.

5. The design method of the spatial filter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The optical detector processes and calculates the inverse intensity distribution for each compensation region based on the output image; Calculate the inverse intensity distribution corresponding to each compensation region based on the full-red image, full-green image, and full-blue image; The mean of the inverse intensity distribution of the corresponding compensation zone is used as the inverse intensity distribution of each compensation zone.

6. The design method of the spatial filter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of preparing a spatial filter based on the transmittance of each compensation zone and placing the spatial filter in the optical path of the display component includes: Spatial filters are fabricated based on the transmittance of each compensation zone; Determine the relative positional relationship between the spatial filter and the coupling region of the optical waveguide; The position of the spatial filter is fixed.

7. The design method of the spatial filter according to claim 6, characterized in that, Determining the relative positional relationship between the spatial filter and the coupling region of the optical waveguide includes: When the optical engine is turned on, the outer periphery of the output image of the optical engine includes a marker box; The outer periphery of the spatial filter is marked with positioning marks corresponding to the marking frame; Restart the optical engine and adjust the position of the spatial filter so that the marker frame coincides with the positioning mark.

8. The design method of the spatial filter according to claim 2, characterized in that, The relative positions of the optical detector and the optical waveguide are nine, resulting in nine output images.

9. A design method for a spatial filter, characterized in that, include: A test system for the angular distribution characteristics of display components is constructed. The test system includes an optomechanical system, an optical waveguide disposed on the light-emitting side of the optomechanical system, and an optical detector disposed on the light-emitting side of the optical waveguide. The optical engine is turned on by control. The light beam emitted by the optical engine passes through the optical waveguide and is projected onto the optical detector to form an output image. The output image includes multiple compensation areas. Adjust the position of the optical detector and the optical waveguide, turn on the optical engine, and the beam emitted by the optical engine is projected onto the optical detector after passing through the optical waveguide to form an output image until the number of output images reaches the preset value. Calculate the brightness value of each compensation region in each output image and normalize it to obtain the corresponding gray level; Calculate the four co-occurrence matrices and normalize them; Calculate the energy, entropy, moment of inertia, correlation, and inverse difference characteristic parameters of the normalized co-occurrence matrix; Calculate the mean, standard deviation, and variance of energy, entropy, moment of inertia, correlation, and inverse difference as features of the matrix; The matrix features are combined and restored to obtain the corrected image according to the feature quantization level; A spatial filter is fabricated using the corrected image as a template, and the spatial filter is placed between the optomechanical system and the optical detector to compensate for the uniformity of the optical waveguide.

10. A display component, characterized in that, The device includes a spatial filter, an optical engine, and an optical waveguide disposed on the output side of the optical engine. The spatial filter is disposed in the optical path between the output side of the optical engine and the optical waveguide. The light beam emitted by the optical engine is coupled into the optical waveguide through the coupling region and coupled out in the coupling region of the optical waveguide to form an output image. The spatial filter is obtained by adopting the design method of the spatial filter according to any one of claims 1-8 or claim 9 to improve the uniformity of the output image.

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