Reaming machine and reaming method

Abstract

The present application discloses a reaming machine and a reaming method. The machine comprises a machine table, at least one workpiece supporting mechanism and at least one reaming mechanism. The workpiece supporting mechanism is arranged on the machine table and has a supporting seat with a supporting surface for supporting a workpiece to be processed having an inner hole. The reaming mechanism is arranged on the machine table and has a reaming shaft rotatable about its axis. The reaming shaft is arranged vertically and oppositely to the supporting seat. An insertion head is arranged on the end of the reaming shaft close to the supporting seat. The insertion head extends along the axial direction of the reaming shaft and is adapted to be inserted into the inner hole. The diameter of the insertion head gradually decreases along the direction close to the supporting surface. When the insertion head is misaligned when inserted into the inner hole, the inner wall of the inner hole is radially pressed by the insertion head to cause the workpiece to be processed to move radially to eliminate the misalignment. The reaming machine and the reaming method of the present application can ensure the coaxiality between the reaming shaft and the inner hole of the workpiece to be processed before reaming.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of honing devices, and more particularly to honing machines and honing methods. Background Technology

[0002] A honing machine is a precision machining equipment for the inner hole of a workpiece. It is used to further process the inner hole of a workpiece and remove the excess material in the inner hole. For example, it can process the inner hole diameter from 9.95mm to 10mm, thereby producing standard parts with machining accuracy that meet the standards.

[0003] Current honing machines typically use a honing shaft inserted into the inner hole of a workpiece fixed to a base. The shaft rotates and rubs within the hole to remove excess material and achieve finish machining. However, when the honing shaft is inserted, alignment deviations easily occur between it and the workpiece's inner hole. Specifically, the axes of the honing shaft and the workpiece are not aligned, exhibiting a certain degree of misalignment. Therefore, although the honing shaft can still be forced vertically downwards into the fixed inner hole, the coaxiality between them is low. This can easily lead to insufficient machining accuracy and poor overall quality of the finished inner hole after rotational machining within the workpiece's inner hole. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One advantage of this invention is that it provides a honing machine and a honing method that can ensure the coaxiality between the honing shaft and the inner hole of the workpiece before honing, thereby ensuring that the machining accuracy of the inner hole meets the requirements during subsequent honing and ensuring the machining quality of the inner hole of the workpiece.

[0005] Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a honing machine and a honing method, wherein the material support is set above the honing shaft, and the insertion head is inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece by the gravity of the workpiece to be processed, without the need for additional power.

[0006] Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a honing machine and honing method, which enables the material support to automatically reset after the workpiece to be processed is honed by a controller, a position sensor and a valved cylinder.

[0007] To achieve at least one of the above advantages of the present invention, the present invention provides a honing machine, comprising: a machine base; at least one material support mechanism disposed on the machine base, the material support mechanism having a material support seat having a material support surface for supporting a workpiece having an inner hole; and at least one honing mechanism disposed on the machine base, the honing mechanism having a honing shaft rotatable about its axis, the honing shaft and the material support seat being disposed vertically spaced and opposite to each other, an insertion head being provided at one end of the honing shaft near the material support seat, the insertion head extending axially along the honing shaft and adapted to be inserted into the inner hole, and the diameter of the insertion head gradually decreasing along the direction near the material support surface, so that when the insertion head is inserted into the inner hole with an alignment deviation, the radial extrusion force formed by the insertion head on the inner wall of the inner hole along the radial direction of the insertion head causes the workpiece to be processed to produce radial displacement, thereby eliminating the alignment deviation.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple material support mechanisms, which are spaced apart on the machine platform along the length direction of the machine platform. There are also multiple honing mechanisms, which are spaced apart on the machine platform along the length direction of the machine platform. The honing shaft of each honing mechanism is correspondingly disposed below the material support seat of each material support mechanism.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the material support surface is configured as a smooth surface.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the material support base forms an alignment through hole, the alignment through hole being adapted for the honing shaft to pass through in alignment and adapted to be aligned with the inner hole.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the material support mechanism includes a material support base, which is disposed on the machine base. The material support base is slidably disposed on the material support base and is located above the honing shaft, so that when carrying the workpiece to be processed, the weight of the workpiece to be processed causes the material support base and the workpiece to be processed to slide down simultaneously to approach the insertion head, so that the insertion head can be inserted into the inner hole.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the material support mechanism includes: a valved cylinder, the top end of the telescopic drive shaft of the valved cylinder being connected to the material support seat, and when the workpiece to be processed is not supported on the material support seat, the telescopic drive shaft providing a supporting force equal to the weight of the material support seat to enable the material support seat to self-balance; a position sensor for sensing whether the material support seat has descended to the honing position; and a controller connected to the position sensor and the valved cylinder respectively, for controlling the telescopic drive shaft of the valved cylinder to extend when the material support seat descends to the honing position, thereby driving the material support seat to rise, so that the material support seat returns to the self-balancing position.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the material support mechanism includes: at least one material support slide rail, the material support slide rail extending vertically and mounted on the material support base; and at least one material support slide block, the material support slide block being connected to the material support base, and the material support slide block being slidably mounted on the material support slide rail along the extending direction of the material support slide rail.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the material support mechanism includes a material support limiting seat, which is disposed on the material support surface, spaced at a predetermined distance from the material support limiting seat, and located on the rotation path of the workpiece rotating about its own axis, so as to limit the rotation of the workpiece to be processed.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the honing shaft includes a honing part, the honing part is coaxially connected to the insertion head, and the outer wall of the honing part is provided with a spiral groove extending along the axial direction of the honing part.

[0016] To achieve at least one of the advantages described above, the present invention provides a honing method, which hones a workpiece using a honing machine as described in the above embodiments, comprising the following steps:

[0017] The drive seat and the workpiece placed on the support surface of the support seat are lowered simultaneously so that the honing shaft located below the support seat can be inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece.

[0018] When the insertion head begins to be inserted into the inner hole with an alignment deviation, the extrusion force generated by the larger diameter portion of the insertion head on the inner wall of the inner hole drives the workpiece to be processed to move along the material support surface, so as to make the workpiece to be processed produce a horizontal displacement, thereby eliminating the alignment deviation, and making the honing shaft coaxial with the inner hole after it is inserted into the inner hole;

[0019] With the honing shaft located inside the inner hole and coaxial with the inner hole, the honing shaft is driven to rotate to hone the inner hole. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a honing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 2 The diagram shows the honing mechanism and the material support mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention at one angle.

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the honing shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the material support base and the material support limiting base according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 5 The diagram shows a schematic representation of the honing mechanism and the material support mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention from another angle.

[0025] Figure 6 A functional block diagram of the controller, position sensor, and valved cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure Labels

[0027] 100. Honing machine; 200. Workpiece to be processed; 2001. Inner hole;

[0028] 10. Machine tools;

[0029] 20. Material support mechanism; 21. Material support base; 2101. Material support surface; 2102. Alignment through hole; 22. Material support limit seat; 23. Cylinder with valve; 24. Position sensor; 25. Controller; 26. Material support base; 27. Material support slide rail; 28. Material support slide block;

[0030] 30. Honing mechanism; 31. Honing shaft; 311. Insertion head; 312. Honing part; 31201. Spiral groove; 32. Driving component. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0032] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of this invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0033] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple, and the term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the number.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Combination Figures 1 to 3 A honing machine 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below, wherein the honing machine 100 includes a machine base 10, at least one material support mechanism 20 and at least one honing mechanism 30.

[0036] Combination Figure 2 The material support mechanism 20 is disposed on the machine base 10, and the material support mechanism 20 has a material support base 21. The material support base 21 has a material support surface 2101 for supporting the workpiece 200 to be processed with an inner hole 2001.

[0037] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 The honing mechanism 30 is mounted on the machine base 10, and the honing mechanism 30 has a honing shaft 31 that can rotate about its axis. The honing shaft 31 and the material support 21 are arranged vertically at intervals and opposite to each other. An insertion head 311 is provided at one end of the honing shaft 31 near the material support 21. The insertion head 311 extends axially along the honing shaft 31 and is adapted to be inserted into the inner hole 2001. The diameter of the insertion head 311 gradually decreases along the direction close to the material support surface 2101 and the workpiece 200 to be processed.

[0038] Therefore, when the insertion head 311 is inserted into the inner hole 2001 with an alignment deviation, the portion of the insertion head 311 closest to the material support surface 2101 and the workpiece 200 has a smaller diameter. This smaller diameter portion can then be smoothly inserted into the inner hole 2001, followed by the larger diameter portion. Simultaneously, due to the alignment deviation between the insertion head 311 and the inner hole 2001, when the larger diameter portion enters the inner hole 2001, it exerts a radial pressure on the inner wall of the inner hole 2001, causing radial displacement of the workpiece 200. Consequently, once the insertion head 311 is fully inserted into the inner hole 2001, the initial alignment deviation between the insertion head 311 and the inner hole 2001 is eliminated. In other words, after the insertion head 311 is fully inserted into the inner hole 2001, the inner hole 2001 of the workpiece 200 is coaxial with the honing shaft 31.

[0039] Therefore, the honing machine 100 of the present invention honing the workpiece 200 to be processed may include the following steps:

[0040] S10: Control the honing shaft 31 to be inserted into the inner hole 2001 of the workpiece 200 to be processed.

[0041] S20: When the insertion head 311 is inserted into the inner hole 2001 with an alignment deviation, the radial extrusion force generated by the insertion head 311 on the inner wall of the inner hole 2001 drives the workpiece 200 to be processed to produce radial displacement, thereby eliminating the alignment deviation, so that after the honing shaft 31 is inserted into the inner hole 2001, the honing shaft 31 and the inner hole 2001 are coaxial.

[0042] S30: When the honing shaft 31 is located inside the inner hole 2001 and the honing shaft 31 is coaxial with the inner hole 2001, drive the honing shaft 31 to rotate to hone the inner hole 2001.

[0043] In other words, the honing shaft 31 can rotate and rub the inner wall of the inner hole 2001 while being coaxial with the inner hole 2001, thereby producing the inner hole 2001 that meets the standard and ensuring the machining accuracy and quality of the inner hole 2001.

[0044] In addition, it is understood that the present invention is applicable to both regularly shaped and irregularly shaped workpieces 200 to be processed, and the present invention does not limit the specific structure of the workpiece 200 to be processed.

[0045] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in combination with Figure 1The honing machine 100 comprises multiple material support mechanisms 20, which are spaced apart along the length of the machine base 10. Similarly, it comprises multiple honing mechanisms 30, also spaced apart along the length of the machine base 10, with the honing shaft 31 of each honing mechanism 30 correspondingly positioned below the material support seat 21 of each material support mechanism 20. Therefore, during honing, the honing machine 100 can simultaneously hone the inner holes 2001 of multiple workpieces 200 to be processed, improving honing efficiency.

[0046] Specifically, there are six material support mechanisms 20 and six honing mechanisms 30. The six material support mechanisms 20 are arranged in a straight line along the length of the machine platform 10, and the six honing mechanisms 30 are arranged in a straight line along the machine platform 10.

[0047] Furthermore, combined Figure 2 The material support surface 2101 is constructed as a smooth surface. Therefore, the smooth surface ensures that the workpiece 200 can move smoothly.

[0048] Furthermore, combined Figure 2 and Figure 4 The material support 21 forms an alignment through hole 2102, which is adapted for the honing shaft 31 to pass through and is adapted to be aligned with the inner hole 2001.

[0049] In other words, when assembling the material support mechanism 20 and the honing mechanism 30, the honing shaft 31 can be aligned vertically with the alignment through hole 2102 first. Then, when placing the workpiece 200 to be processed, the inner hole 2001 of the workpiece 200 to be processed can be aligned vertically with the alignment through hole 2102. Thus, the inner hole 2001 of the workpiece 200 to be processed is approximately aligned with the insertion head 311, thereby ensuring that the insertion head 311 can be inserted into the inner hole 2001.

[0050] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in combination with Figure 2 The material support mechanism 20 includes a material support base 22, which is disposed on the machine base 10. The material support seat 21 is slidably disposed on the material support base 22 and is located above the hoisting shaft 31. Thus, when carrying the workpiece 200 to be processed, the weight of the workpiece 200 causes the material support seat 21 and the workpiece 200 to slide down simultaneously, thereby approaching the insertion head 311, and thus allowing the insertion head 311 to be inserted into the inner hole 2001.

[0051] In other words, when the workpiece 200 to be processed is placed on the support 21, the weight of the workpiece 200 causes the support 21 and the workpiece 200 to fall freely, thereby causing the inner hole 2001 of the workpiece 200 to contact the insertion head 311 located below the workpiece 200, and thus causing the insertion head 311 to be inserted into the inner hole 2001.

[0052] Furthermore, combined Figure 2 The material support mechanism 20 includes at least one material support slide rail 23 and at least one material support slide 24. The material support slide rail 23 extends vertically and is mounted on the material support base 22. The material support slide 24 is connected to the material support base 21, and the material support slide 24 is slidably mounted on the material support slide rail 23 along the extending direction of the material support slide rail 23.

[0053] Therefore, when the material support 21 slides, it will always slide along the extension direction of the material support slide rail 23 through the material support slide 24, thereby ensuring that the material support 21 always slides in the vertical up-down direction.

[0054] Specifically, each of the material support bases 22 is equipped with two material support slide rails 23, and the two material support slide rails 23 are spaced apart in the horizontal direction, and two material support slide blocks 24 are correspondingly installed on each of the material support slide rails 23.

[0055] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in combination with Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The material feeding mechanism 20 includes a valved cylinder 25, a position sensor 26, and a controller 27.

[0056] The top end of the telescopic drive shaft of the valve cylinder 25 is connected to the material support 21, and when the workpiece 200 to be processed is not supported by the material support 21, the telescopic drive shaft provides a supporting force equal to the weight of the material support 21 so that the material support 21 is self-balancing.

[0057] The position sensor 26 is used to sense whether the material support 21 has descended to the auger position.

[0058] The controller 27 is connected to the position sensor 26 and the valve cylinder 25 respectively, so that when the material support 21 descends to the rear position of the hoist, it controls the extension drive shaft of the valve cylinder 25 to extend, thereby driving the material support 21 to rise, and then resetting the material support 21 to the self-balancing position.

[0059] In other words, when the workpiece 200 to be processed is not placed on the material support 21, the upward supporting force on the material support 21 in the vertical direction and the downward gravity of the material support 21 can cancel each other out. As a result, the material support 21 can self-balance and remain stationary.

[0060] After the inner hole 2001 of the workpiece 200 is fitted onto the outside of the insertion head 311, the workpiece 200 continues to descend axially along the honing shaft 31 under the action of gravity and the frictional force of the honing shaft 31. The honing shaft 31 continuously removes excess material from the inner wall of the inner hole 2001 until the inner hole 2001 is completely honed axially. During this process, the material support 21 descends with the workpiece 200, and after the inner hole 2001 is completely honed axially, the material support 21 slides down to the honed position under the clamping force of the workpiece 200. The position sensor 26 senses that the material support 21 has descended to this position, thereby transmitting a positioning signal to the controller 27. Then, the controller 27 controls the extension drive shaft of the valve cylinder 25 to extend, thereby driving the material support 21 and the workpiece 200 to be processed on the material support 21 to rise through the valve cylinder 25, so that the material support 21 returns to its initial self-balancing position, thus facilitating the material support 21 to carry the next workpiece 200 to be processed.

[0061] Specifically, the valved cylinder 25 can be a cylinder with a proportional valve. Thus, the operator can set the support force that the telescopic drive shaft of the valved cylinder 25 can provide through the proportional valve, so that the support force can counteract the gravity of the material support 21 and make the material support 21 reach a self-balancing state.

[0062] Furthermore, combined Figure 1 and Figure 4 The material support mechanism 20 includes a material support limiting seat 28, which is disposed on the material support surface 2101. The material support limiting seat 28 is spaced apart from the material support limiting seat 28 by a predetermined distance, and is located on the rotation path of the workpiece rotating around its own axis. This ensures that the radial movement of the workpiece 200 is not affected, and that the rotation of the workpiece 200 is restricted when it is rotated, so that the honing shaft 31 can smoothly pass through the inner hole 2001 for honing.

[0063] According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in combination with Figure 3 The honing shaft 31 includes a honing section 312. The honing section 312 is coaxially connected to the bottom of the insertion head 311, and the outer wall of the honing section 312 is provided with a spiral groove 31201 extending along the axial direction of the honing section 312.

[0064] Specifically, the diameter of the auger portion 312 is equal to the maximum diameter of the insertion head 311.

[0065] Therefore, when the inner hole 2001 of the workpiece 200 to be processed is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the insertion head 311, and the material support 21 and the workpiece 200 to be processed continue to descend relative to the honing shaft 31, the honing part 312 rotates inside the inner hole 2001 of the workpiece 200 to be processed, and rubs the inner wall of the inner hole 2001, so as to remove the excess material of the inner hole 2001 and honing the inner hole 2001, for example, to process the inner hole 2001 from 9.95mm to 10mm.

[0066] Furthermore, the honing mechanism 30 includes a driving member 32, which is disposed below the table surface of the machine base 10 and is connected to the honing shaft 31, thereby driving the honing shaft 31 to rotate.

[0067] Specifically, the drive element 32 can be implemented as a drive motor.

[0068] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are merely examples and do not limit the invention. The advantages of the present invention have been fully and effectively realized. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and explained in the embodiments; any variations or modifications can be made to the implementation of the present invention without departing from these principles.

Claims

1. A honing machine, characterized in that, include: One machine; At least one material support mechanism is provided on the machine base, the material support mechanism having a material support seat having a material support surface for supporting a workpiece having an inner hole; and at least one honing mechanism is provided on the machine base, the honing mechanism having a honing shaft rotatable about its axis, the honing shaft and the material support seat being vertically spaced and opposite to each other, an insertion head is provided at one end of the honing shaft near the material support seat, the insertion head extending axially along the honing shaft and adapted to be inserted into the inner hole, and the diameter of the insertion head gradually decreasing along the direction near the material support surface, so that when the insertion head is inserted into the inner hole with an alignment deviation, the radial extrusion force formed by the insertion head on the inner wall of the inner hole along the radial direction of the insertion head causes the workpiece to be processed to produce radial displacement to eliminate the alignment deviation; The material support mechanism includes: A valved cylinder, the top end of the telescopic drive shaft of the valved cylinder is connected to the material support seat, and when the workpiece to be processed is not supported by the material support seat, the telescopic drive shaft provides a supporting force equal to the weight of the material support seat so that the material support seat is self-balancing. A position sensor is provided to sense whether the material support has descended to the auger position; and a controller is provided to be connected to the position sensor and the valved cylinder respectively, so as to control the extension drive shaft of the valved cylinder to extend when the material support has descended to the auger position, so as to drive the material support to rise and reset the material support to the self-balancing position.

2. The honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple material support mechanisms, which are spaced apart along the length of the machine platform. There are also multiple honing mechanisms, which are spaced apart along the length of the machine platform. The honing shaft of each honing mechanism is correspondingly located below the material support seat of each material support mechanism.

3. The honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material support surface is configured as a smooth surface.

4. The honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material support base forms an alignment through hole, which is adapted for the honing shaft to pass through and is adapted to be aligned with the inner hole.

5. The honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material support mechanism includes a material support base, which is disposed on the machine base. The material support base is slidably disposed on the material support base and is located above the honing shaft. When carrying the workpiece to be processed, the weight of the workpiece to be processed causes the material support base and the workpiece to be processed to slide down simultaneously and approach the insertion head, so that the insertion head can be inserted into the inner hole.

6. The honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material support mechanism includes: At least one material support slide rail, the material support slide rail extending vertically and mounted on the material support base; and at least one material support slide block, the material support slide block being connected to the material support base and slidably mounted on the material support slide rail along the extension direction of the material support slide rail.

7. The honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material support mechanism includes a material support limiting seat, which is disposed on the material support surface, spaced at a predetermined distance from the workpiece to be processed, and located on the rotation path of the workpiece rotating around its own axis, so as to limit the rotation of the workpiece to be processed.

8. The honing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The honing shaft includes a honing section, which is coaxially connected to the insertion head, and the outer wall of the honing section is provided with a spiral groove extending along the axial direction of the honing section.

9. A honing method, characterized in that, Honing a workpiece using a honing machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 includes the following steps: driving the material support seat and the workpiece placed on the material support surface of the material support seat to descend simultaneously, so that the honing shaft located below the material support seat can be inserted into the inner hole of the workpiece. When the insertion head begins to be inserted into the inner hole with an alignment deviation, the extrusion force generated by the larger diameter portion of the insertion head on the inner wall of the inner hole drives the workpiece to be processed to move along the material support surface, so as to make the workpiece to be processed produce a horizontal displacement, thereby eliminating the alignment deviation, and making the honing shaft coaxial with the inner hole after it is inserted into the inner hole; With the honing shaft located inside the inner hole and coaxial with the inner hole, the honing shaft is driven to rotate to hone the inner hole.

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