A mobile device for identifying track structure defects

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mobile device for identifying track structure defects, comprising a support frame, a loading assembly, a running assembly, and a control system connected to the support frame, as well as a data acquisition system for collecting response information fed back by the identified track; the loading assembly comprises a striking wheel for rolling on the top surface of the identified track, and a hammer mechanism for applying an excitation load downward to the striking wheel; the running assembly comprises running wheels located at the front and rear ends of the striking wheel, the running wheels being used to roll on the top surface of the identified track; the control system comprises a mileage monitoring module for monitoring the mileage of any running wheel, and a control module for driving the action of the hammer mechanism, wherein the mileage monitoring module is signal-connected to the control module. The present invention can solve the problems of the prior art in the online detection of railway tracks, such as the difficulty in accurately controlling the loading landing point and the lack of loading stability, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the control accuracy of the loading landing point and simultaneously improving the loading stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of track detection, and in particular to a mobile device for identifying track structure defects. Background Art

[0002] Under the reciprocating action of train loads, track structures are prone to a variety of defects, leading to an increasing demand for track maintenance and inspection. Existing track inspection methods include on-site manual inspections, inspections based on laser or image processing technology, and defect identification and detection based on pulse excitation. Pulse excitation-based defect identification technology, among others, collects vibration and noise signals from external excitation loads applied to the track and identifies track defects based on the differences in the responses. This technology enables accurate and timely detection and assessment of track defects, enabling early detection of adverse conditions and identifying potential risks in the track structure. This helps reduce the safety risks of sudden brittle fractures during railway line service, thereby ensuring the normal and orderly operation of rail transit.

[0003] In order to improve the online detection capability of railway tracks, the applicant in this case conducted a series of research and development in advance, such as:

[0004] CN112379004A discloses a "mobile loading device for identifying rail defects." This device controls the movement of the mobile loading device while simultaneously controlling the loading mechanism to strike the rails to apply excitation, thereby generating signal excitation. This data then collects data such as vibration acceleration, sound pressure, loading frequency, and loading force amplitude, and uses the differences in the responses to determine rail defects. However, this device suffers from the following technical drawbacks: insufficient stability when the loading force is high; the loading point is often difficult to precisely control during movement; the multi-hammer mechanism has a small rotational force arm, making the loading force amplitude difficult to adjust; and the impact signals generated by the multiple hammers interfere with each other, and the resulting impact noise signals also interfere with each other.

[0005] CN113834744 A discloses a "pulse excitation loading mechanism for a track structure." This mechanism section-processes an assembled loading wheel. A rotating motor drives the entire device along the test track. With each rotation of the assembled loading wheel, the pressure column strikes the rail once, achieving pulse excitation loading. However, this device suffers from the following technical drawbacks: the sectioned assembled loading wheel can only control the hammering position by adjusting the wheel diameter, making it impossible to precisely control the impact point and ensure accurate loading between track fasteners. Furthermore, the loading method, which generates hammering excitation by impacting the track with a cut disc wheel, creates significant resistance during operation, resulting in insufficient stability during testing and making it unsuitable for long-term, long-distance testing.

[0006] In addition, existing technologies also include drop-axle excitation that directly impacts the rails and drop-hammer excitation technology applied to the axle position. However, these technologies are currently only applicable to vibration reduction assessments of track systems and are difficult to apply to the identification and location of track defects. Moreover, these technologies need to be installed on running trains and are greatly affected by the service status of the vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a mobile device for identifying track structure defects, so as to solve the problems in the prior art of online inspection of railway tracks, such as difficulty in accurately controlling the loading landing point and insufficient loading stability, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the control accuracy of the loading landing point and improving the loading stability.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A mobile device for identifying track structure defects, comprising a support frame, a loading assembly, a travel assembly, and a control system connected to the support frame, and a data acquisition system for acquiring response information fed back by the identified track;

[0010] The loading assembly includes a knocking wheel for rolling on the top surface of the identified track, and a hammer mechanism for applying an excitation load downward to the knocking wheel;

[0011] The walking assembly includes walking wheels located at the front and rear ends of the knocking wheel, and the walking wheels are used to roll on the top surface of the identified track;

[0012] The control system includes a mileage monitoring module for monitoring the mileage of any running wheel and a control module for driving the hammer mechanism. The mileage monitoring module is connected to the control module by signal.

[0013] To address the existing problems of online inspection of railway tracks, such as the difficulty in accurately controlling the loading point and insufficient loading stability, the present invention proposes a mobile device for identifying structural defects in railway tracks. In this device, a support frame serves as the main framework of the entire mobile device, upon which a loading assembly, a travel assembly, a control system, and a data acquisition system are mounted. The loading assembly contacts the top of the identified track via a striking wheel. A hammer mechanism applies an excitation load to the striking wheel, which then transmits the excitation load to the track below. The striking wheel can also roll as the mobile device moves. The entire mobile device moves along the railway track via the travel assembly. The travel assembly includes at least one travel wheel at each of the front and rear ends of the striking wheel, and the travel wheels also roll along the top surface of the identified track. The front and rear ends of the striking wheel refer to the extension direction of the track, with the forward direction of the mobile device being considered as the front and the backward direction as the rear. The control system of this application includes a mileage monitoring module and a control module. The mileage monitoring module monitors the mileage of any travel wheel to determine the mileage of the entire mobile device on the track. The control module controls the hammer mechanism based on the mileage.

[0014] When this application is working, the distance interval of the hammering is preset in advance in the control module, and the mobile device is pushed forward on the identified track by manpower or other external forces. The mileage monitoring module monitors the mileage in real time. Every time it advances a preset distance interval, the control module drives the hammering mechanism to act once, applies an impact load excitation to the track, and collects the required data signals through the data acquisition system, and uses this as a basis to judge and identify whether the current track section has the corresponding disease. Therefore, this application can identify track diseases by the difference in response by collecting the relevant response signals of the track under the action of external excitation load, and then combining it with the existing data analysis program. It can make timely and accurate assessments of track diseases, discover hidden dangers in the track structure and poor conditions in the line as early as possible, and solve the problems of different manual detection standards and high environmental requirements for relying on manual experience, laser technology and image processing technology. It can realize the identification and classification of different track structure diseases.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application: (1) can automatically realize accurate loading at a specified position during walking, ensure that the loading position is the position that needs to be identified, and can realize the setting of different fastener spacings, and can accurately control the landing position of the loading component; for example, taking the identification of track fasteners, it is only necessary to ensure that the initial loading position is directly above a certain fastener. By presetting the fastener spacing in the control module in advance, it can be ensured that each subsequent loading is directly above or near the fastener, so that the collected information can more accurately reflect the status of the fastener; (2) walking is driven by external force, and there is no need to set a power source such as a motor for walking inside the device, which can reduce the vibration and noise interference of the power source such as the motor inside the device and improve the recognition accuracy; and through the cooperation of the mileage monitoring module and the control module, it can be While ensuring the accuracy of the loading point, it avoids interference caused by the unstable pushing speed when the external force pushes the device forward. Even if the staff pushes the device forward at different speeds, they can still ensure the accuracy of the loading position, which significantly improves the operability of online detection and identification of railway tracks; (3) The loading component has only a knocking wheel, so the impact signal and impact noise on the track will not interfere with each other, which improves the stability of disease identification when the loading force is large; (4) The knocking wheel is used to load directly from the top to the track. At the same time, the knocking wheel can assist the device to move on the top of the track. Compared with the existing technology using a cutting disc loading method, it can significantly reduce the running resistance on the track, making the device run more smoothly, which is conducive to achieving long-term and long-distance detection and identification work.

[0016] Furthermore, the hammering mechanism includes a mounting plate fixed on a supporting frame, a struck shaft passing through the mounting plate, a force transmission wheel connected below the struck shaft, a striking hammer located above the struck shaft, and a power mechanism for driving the striking hammer to strike the top end of the struck shaft, the power mechanism being connected to the mounting plate, and the force transmission wheel being in contact with the top end of the striking wheel.

[0017] In this solution, when the control module drives the hammer mechanism to move, the power mechanism drives the percussion hammer, causing the percussion hammer to strike the top of the struck shaft, and then transmits the excitation to the force transmission wheel and the percussion wheel in sequence, thereby realizing the loading of the pulse excitation on the track below. The force transmission wheel and the percussion wheel are in contact, that is, the two can rotate relative to each other, thereby ensuring the effective transmission of the excitation load while ensuring the normal rolling of the percussion wheel on the top of the track, avoiding the force transmission wheel from interfering with the normal rolling movement of the percussion wheel. In addition, applying excitation by hammering can ensure low background noise and reduce interference with the response information of the track feedback.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a lower wheel seat for installing the knocking wheel, and a mounting seat fixedly connected to the knocked shaft and the lower wheel seat. The mounting seat is suspended below the mounting plate through a plurality of connecting parts, and the suspension height of the mounting seat is adjustable.

[0019] In the prior art, impact excitation is easily transmitted to the main body of the online detection device during the process of transmitting to the lower track, which leads to high background noise of various sensors and mutual interference, seriously affecting the accuracy of detection and identification. In this solution, the mounting base is suspended below the mounting plate through a number of connecting parts, thereby achieving the joint suspension of the lower wheel seat, striking wheel, struck shaft and mounting base. This connection method has an excellent vibration isolation effect and can significantly reduce the transmission of impact excitation to the support frame body, thereby effectively overcoming the problem of high background noise and mutual interference between various sensors in the data acquisition system.

[0020] In addition, the suspension height of the mounting seat in this solution is adjustable, that is, the height of the knocking wheel is adjustable, thereby ensuring that the bottom end of the knocking wheel can be at the same height as the running wheels on both sides, ensuring that the knocking wheel can roll on the top surface of the identified track, and improving the applicability of this application to tracks of different heights. Among them, the specific adjustment method for the suspension height of the mounting seat is not limited here, and any height adjustment method that can be implemented by those skilled in the art can be applied; such as adjusting the length of each connecting member as needed, adjusting the length of the knocked shaft, and even adjusting the longitudinal height of the lower wheel seat. In addition, the mounting seat and the knocked shaft and the lower wheel seat can be fixedly connected in any way, preferably a detachable fixed connection method.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes an upper wheel seat for installing the force transmission wheel and a first elastic member sleeved outside the struck shaft; the upper wheel seat is connected to the bottom end of the struck shaft, and the first elastic member is located between the upper wheel seat and the mounting seat.

[0022] This solution uses the preload of the first elastic member to provide a constant downward thrust to the upper wheel seat, thereby constantly pushing the force transmission wheel and the knocking wheel downward, ensuring that the knocking wheel always adheres to the top of the identified track and that the excitation load can be effectively transferred to the track below. The top end of the first elastic member is positioned by the mounting seat.

[0023] Furthermore, the power mechanism includes a cam, a motor for driving the cam to rotate, a rotating rod movably abutting against the cam, and a fixed rod rotatably cooperating with the rotating rod; the knocking hammer is installed on the rotating rod, and the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the mounting plate; the motor is connected to the control module signal.

[0024] Under normal conditions, the cam lifts the rotating rod, preventing the hammer from contacting the struck shaft. When the control module activates the hammer mechanism, the motor activates, driving the cam to rotate, causing the rotating rod to rotate downward around the fixed rod, driving the hammer on the rotating rod to rotate downward until it strikes the top of the struck shaft. This solution allows the magnitude of the hammer excitation to be adjusted by replacing hammers of different masses, and by varying the cam shape to adjust the length of the lever arm. This ensures stable loading force amplitude and pulse characteristics, ensuring stable performance of the loading mechanism, making the structure lightweight and easy to adjust and operate on site.

[0025] Among them, each time the control module drives the hammer mechanism to move once, the output end of the motor rotates 360°, that is, drives the cam to rotate one circle.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a second elastic member and a positioning member located below the mounting plate; the two ends of the second elastic member are detachably connected to the rotating rod and the positioning member respectively.

[0027] In some existing technologies, the load is provided entirely by the gravity of the loading component. If a larger excitation load is to be obtained, the loading component needs to have a larger deadweight, which will undoubtedly increase the overall mass and volume of the device, and in turn lead to more stringent structural complexity and material requirements. At the same time, the performance stability of the existing technology will be affected when the loading force is large, and may even interfere with the accuracy of the loading position. In order to overcome the above problems, the present solution is specially provided with a second elastic member, the top of the second elastic member is connected to the rotating rod, and the bottom end is connected to the positioning member. Therefore, through the pre-tightening force of the second elastic member, a downward pulling force can be always provided to the rotating rod. When the cam rotates to release the limit on the rotating rod, the pulling force can be released instantly, thereby providing greater momentum to the rotating rod and the striking hammer, thereby achieving the effect of obtaining a larger excitation load without increasing the deadweight of the device.

[0028] Furthermore, both ends of the second elastic member in this solution are detachably connected, allowing for varying preload forces to be provided by replacing second elastic members of varying stiffness, significantly increasing the flexibility of this application and broadening its scope of application. Furthermore, when the preload force of the second elastic member is sufficiently high, the hammer load in this solution is primarily provided by the second elastic member, with gravity playing only a supporting role. Under these operating conditions, the structural and performance stability of the loading assembly is further ensured, ensuring excellent stability of both the amplitude and pulse characteristics of the loading force over long distances and for extended periods.

[0029] The positioning member in this solution is located below the mounting plate. It only needs to ensure that it remains relatively fixed with the mounting plate and that the second elastic member can always provide downward pulling force for the rotating rod. Its specific connection position is not limited here, and it can be connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, to the mounting seat, or even to the lower wheel seat.

[0030] Furthermore, it also includes a trigger plate that is coaxial with and fixedly connected to the cam, and a sensing device that matches the trigger plate. The sensing device is used to sense the rotational direction of the trigger plate, and the sensing device is connected to the control module signal.

[0031] In this application, although there is a mileage monitoring module to monitor the mileage and control the action of the hammer mechanism, this cannot guarantee that the cam will be able to return to the ideal initial position of raising the rotating rod to the highest position at the beginning of each operation and after each rotation. Once the initial position error of the cam is large or the reset is unstable, it is not conducive to ensuring the amplitude of the loading force and the stability of the pulse characteristics. To overcome this problem, this solution also provides a trigger plate and a sensing device. The trigger plate will rotate coaxially with the cam's shaft. The sensing device identifies the rotation direction of the trigger plate and can then determine the current direction of the cam.

[0032] Each time the present application starts working, and each time the hammering mechanism performs a hammering, the sensing device identifies the rotational direction of the trigger plate and transmits the identification result to the control module. The control module determines whether the cam is currently reset to the initial state. If it is found that the cam direction has a deviation, the control module can control the motor to start, and then correct the cam direction in real time during the mobile working process of the present application, thereby ensuring the stability of the loading force amplitude and pulse characteristics when working over long distances and for a long time.

[0033] Among them, the specific shape of the trigger piece and the specific identification method of the current rotation direction of the trigger piece by the sensing device are not limited here. Any sensing technology that can achieve the required orientation judgment can be applied to this application, such as sensing through photoelectric methods such as infrared and laser, or sensing through mechanical methods such as pressure and magnetism.

[0034] Furthermore, the walking assembly also includes a plurality of auxiliary wheels located at the bottom of the support frame and distributed in pairs inwardly, and a plurality of universal wheels located below the support frame; the auxiliary wheels are used to roll on the side of the identified track.

[0035] The auxiliary wheels of this solution are arranged in pairs, facing each other and inwardly distributed at the bottom of the support frame. During operation, the auxiliary wheels on both sides contact the sides of the track being identified, significantly improving the stability of the device during movement and making it more conducive to completing long-term and long-distance detection and identification tasks. In addition, the universal wheels facilitate transportation of the mobile device of this application.

[0036] Furthermore, the control system also includes a human-computer interaction module, signal-connected to the control module. This solution enables information exchange between personnel and the control module through the human-computer interaction module, such as setting the required loading spacing, observing the operating status of the control system and data acquisition system, and reading collected data in real time. Existing human-computer interaction technologies, such as control buttons / keys, displays, signal indicators, touchscreen devices, and even smartphone apps, are all applicable.

[0037] Furthermore, the data acquisition system includes a first sensor for monitoring the hammering force of the hammering mechanism, a second sensor for monitoring the wheel-rail noise between the hammering wheel and the identified track, a third sensor for monitoring the vibration acceleration of the hammering wheel, a fourth sensor for monitoring the vibration acceleration of the supporting frame, and a data acquisition module for storing the collected response information.

[0038] The specific installation locations and product models of each sensor are not limited here; those skilled in the art will be able to adapt the selection and installation based on actual operating conditions. Furthermore, the data acquisition module can locally store the response information collected by the data acquisition system, facilitating data export to a local computer for subsequent offline analysis after the operation is completed. Of course, the data acquisition module can also transmit the collected data online to a backend computer or cloud in real time via wireless transmission.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The present invention can automatically realize precise loading at a specified position during travel, and can accurately control the hammer landing point according to different fastener spacings, so that the collected information can more accurately reflect the track disease status.

[0041] 2. The present invention is propelled by external force and does not require a power source such as a motor inside the device for traveling. This can reduce vibration and noise interference from the power source such as the motor inside the device and improve recognition accuracy. While ensuring the accuracy of the loading point, it avoids interference caused by unstable pushing speed when pushed forward by external force, ensures the accuracy of the loading position, and significantly improves the operability of online detection and identification of railway tracks.

[0042] 3. The present invention uses the knocking wheel as a direct loading component, so that the impact signal and impact noise of the track will not interfere with each other, thereby improving the stability of disease identification when the loading force is large.

[0043] 4. The knocking wheel of the present invention can assist the entire device in moving on the top of the track. Compared with the existing technology using cutting disc loading, it can significantly reduce the running resistance on the track, making the device run more smoothly, which is conducive to achieving long-term and long-distance detection and identification work.

[0044] 5. The present invention suspends the mounting base below the mounting plate through a number of connecting parts, thereby realizing the common suspension of the lower wheel seat, the striking wheel, the struck shaft and the mounting base. The suspension achieves an excellent vibration isolation effect, which can greatly reduce the impact excitation transmitted to the supporting frame body, thereby effectively overcoming the problem of large background noise and mutual interference among various sensors in the data acquisition system.

[0045] 6. The present invention can adjust the magnitude of the hammer excitation by replacing hammers of different masses, and can also adjust the length of the force arm by changing the shape of the cam to control the magnitude of the hammer excitation; it can improve the loading force amplitude and the stability of the pulse characteristics, ensure the stable performance of the loading mechanism, make the structure lightweight, and facilitate on-site adjustment and operation.

[0046] 7. The present invention achieves the effect of obtaining a larger excitation load without increasing the weight of the device through the second elastic member; by replacing the second elastic member with different stiffness to provide different sizes of preload, the flexibility of use of the present application can be significantly improved and the scope of application can be broadened; at the same time, the second elastic member further ensures the stability of the structure and performance of the loading component, ensuring that the amplitude and pulse characteristics of the loading force are extremely stable when working over long distances and for long periods of time.

[0047] 8. The present invention has the characteristics of stable operation and low walking resistance, which is conducive to reducing manpower consumption and facilitating long-term and long-distance track disease identification operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention in a working state;

[0050] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a loading component in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 It is a partial front view of the loading component in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 A partial side view of a loading assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention

[0054] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the loading component in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Markings and corresponding parts names in the accompanying drawings:

[0056] 101-battery, 201-first sensor, 202-human-computer interaction module, 301-connecting part, 302-tapping hammer, 303-tapping shaft, 304-motor, 305-trigger plate, 306-sensing device, 307-cam, 308-mounting plate, 309-mounting seat, 310-lower wheel seat, 311-first elastic part, 312-upper wheel seat, 313-force transmission wheel, 314-tapping wheel, 315-rotating rod, 316-fixing rod, 317-second elastic part, 318-positioning part, 401-data acquisition module, 402-control module, 403-mileage monitoring module, 501-traveling wheel, 502-auxiliary wheel, 503-universal wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples and drawings. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0058] Example 1:

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 A mobile device for identifying track structure defects is shown, comprising a support frame, a loading assembly connected to the support frame, a travel assembly and a control system, and a data acquisition system for collecting response information fed back by the identified track;

[0060] The loading assembly includes a knock wheel 314 for rolling on the top surface of the identified track, and a hammer mechanism for applying an excitation load downward to the knock wheel 314;

[0061] The walking assembly includes walking wheels 501 located at the front and rear ends of the knocking wheel 314, and the walking wheels 501 are used to roll on the top surface of the identified track;

[0062] The control system includes a mileage monitoring module 403 for monitoring the mileage of any running wheel 501 and a control module 402 for driving the hammer mechanism. The mileage monitoring module 403 is connected to the control module 402 by signal.

[0063] Preferably, there are two running wheels 501, which are located at the front and rear sides of the knocking wheel 314 respectively; the running wheels 501 are rubber-coated wheels to reduce the interference of vibration and noise on the knocking wheel 314 during the movement of the mobile device.

[0064] Preferably, the mileage monitoring module 403 uses an encoder and the control module 402 uses a PLC.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the loading component, control system, data acquisition system, etc. are all located inside their respective housings. Figure 2 The mobile device of this embodiment is shown with the housings removed. The mobile device of this embodiment includes a battery 101 for powering all electrical devices within the mobile device. Preferably, a control switch for controlling whether the battery 101 is powered is also provided. This control switch is manually activated when this embodiment is needed to identify track defects.

[0066] In a more preferred embodiment, the walking assembly further includes a plurality of auxiliary wheels 502 located at the bottom of the support frame and distributed in pairs inwardly, and a plurality of universal wheels 503 located below the support frame; the auxiliary wheels 502 are used to roll on the side of the identified track.

[0067] In a more preferred embodiment, the universal wheels 503 can be connected via a telescopic rod. When the universal wheels 503 are not needed, such as when inspecting the track, the universal wheels 503 can be retracted via the telescopic rod to separate them from the ground on both sides of the track, so as to reduce interference with the identification of track defects.

[0068] In a more preferred embodiment, the control system further comprises a human-computer interaction module 202 connected to the control module by signal. Preferably, the human-computer interaction module 202 is a touch screen installed on the surface of the support frame.

[0069] Example 2:

[0070] A mobile device for identifying track structure defects, based on Example 1, the hammer mechanism is as follows Figures 2 to 6As shown, it includes a mounting plate 308 fixed on the supporting frame, a struck shaft 303 passing through the mounting plate 308, a force transmission wheel 313 connected to the bottom of the struck shaft 303, a striking hammer 302 located above the struck shaft 303, and a power mechanism for driving the striking hammer 302 to strike the top end of the struck shaft 303. The power mechanism is connected to the mounting plate 308, and the force transmission wheel 313 is in contact with the top end of the striking wheel 314.

[0071] The hammering mechanism also includes a lower wheel seat 310 for mounting a striking wheel 314, and a mounting seat 309 fixedly connected to the struck shaft 303 and the lower wheel seat 310. The mounting seat 309 is suspended below the mounting plate 308 through a number of connecting members 301, and the suspension height of the mounting seat 309 is adjustable.

[0072] In this embodiment, the diameter of the force-transmitting wheel 313 is much smaller than that of the striking wheel 314. The connecting member 301 utilizes linear bearings, and the suspension height of the mounting seat 309 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of each linear bearing. The mounting plate 308 includes holes for the mounting seat 309 and the struck shaft 303 to pass through. The mounting seat 309 in this embodiment has a Z-shaped structure, with its upper end positioned above the mounting plate 308 and fixedly mounted on the struck shaft 303, and its lower end fixedly connected to the top of the lower wheel seat 310.

[0073] Preferably, Figure 3 As shown, a thrust spring can also be provided outside the linear bearing, and the two ends of the thrust spring are respectively abutted against the bottom surface of the mounting plate 308 and the top surface of the lower wheel seat 310, thereby providing a stronger thrust force for the knocking wheel 314 to ensure that it is close to the identified track.

[0074] It should be noted that in Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 In order to facilitate the display of the internal structure of the hammer mechanism, the lower wheel seat 310 is hidden.

[0075] The hammer mechanism of this embodiment further includes an upper wheel seat 312 for mounting a force transmission wheel 313, and a first elastic member 311 sleeved over the struck shaft 303. The upper wheel seat 312 is connected to the bottom end of the struck shaft 303, and the first elastic member 311 is located between the upper wheel seat 312 and the mounting seat 309. The first elastic member 311 is a thrust spring that is always in a compressed state.

[0076] In this embodiment, the power mechanism includes a cam 307, a motor 304 for driving the cam 307, a rotating rod 315 that movably abuts the cam 307, and a fixed rod 316 that rotatably cooperates with the rotating rod 315. The striking hammer 302 is mounted on the rotating rod 315, and the fixed rod 316 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 308. The motor 304 is signal-connected to the control module. A servo motor, such as the model HG-KN43J-S100, is used for motor 304 to improve control accuracy.

[0077] The power mechanism further includes a second elastic member 317 and a positioning member 318 located below the mounting plate 308 ; both ends of the second elastic member 317 are detachably connected to the rotating rod 315 and the positioning member 318 , respectively.

[0078] In this embodiment, the positioning member 318 is fixed on the mounting seat 309; the second elastic member 317 is a tension spring with hooks at both ends; hanging holes matching the aforementioned hooks are provided on the positioning member 318 and at the end of the rotating rod 315, so that the staff can select the second elastic member 317 with appropriate stiffness according to the actual working conditions and quickly complete the installation.

[0079] In a more preferred embodiment, it also includes a trigger plate 305 that is coaxial with and fixedly connected to the cam 307 and a sensing device 306 that matches the trigger plate 305. The sensing device 306 is used to sense the rotational orientation of the trigger plate 305. The sensing device 306 is connected to the control module 402 for signals.

[0080] Preferably, the trigger piece 305 is composed of a coaxial small-diameter semicircular piece and a large-diameter semicircular piece, and the sensing device 306 adopts a slot-type switch, such as the slot-type switch with model ee-sx671-wr306; the trigger piece 305 is located between the opposing structures of the slot-type switch, and the distance between the slot-type switch and the rotating axis of the trigger piece 305 is greater than the radius of the small-diameter semicircular piece and smaller than the radius of the large-diameter semicircular piece; this arrangement enables the slot-type switch to sense the trigger piece when the large-diameter semicircular piece rotates to the slot-type switch; when the small-diameter semicircular piece rotates to the slot-type switch, the slot-type switch cannot sense the trigger piece. When one intersection of the small-diameter semicircular piece and the large-diameter semicircular piece is rotated to the slot switch, the protrusion of the cam 307 faces upward; when the other intersection of the small-diameter semicircular piece and the large-diameter semicircular piece is rotated to the slot switch, the protrusion of the cam 307 faces downward. Through this arrangement, the rotation direction of the trigger piece 305 can be determined by the sudden change of the sensing signal of the slot switch, so that the cam 307 can stably return to its original position after each hammering, and each time the hammering shaft 303 is struck, it can be struck downward from the highest point, thereby ensuring the stability of the excitation force.

[0081] Example 3:

[0082] A mobile device for identifying track structure defects. Based on Example 1 or 2, the data acquisition system includes a first sensor 201 for monitoring the hammering force of the hammering mechanism, a second sensor for monitoring the wheel-rail noise between the tapping wheel 314 and the identified track, a third sensor for monitoring the vibration acceleration of the tapping wheel 314, a fourth sensor for monitoring the vibration acceleration of the supporting frame, and a data acquisition module 401 for storing the collected response information.

[0083] In this embodiment, the first sensor 201 is a pressure sensor, the second sensor is a sound pressure sensor, and the third sensor and the fourth sensor are both acceleration sensors.

[0084] Preferably, based on the structure described in Example 2, the first sensor 201 can be installed at the struck shaft 303, such as being fixed between the bottom end of the struck shaft 303 and the upper wheel seat 312 by a nut.

[0085] Preferably, the second sensor is installed beside the knock wheel 314, the third sensor is installed on the knock wheel 314, and the fourth sensor is installed on the supporting frame.

[0086] Example 4:

[0087] A mobile identification method for track structure defects, implemented based on the mobile device in any of the above embodiments, comprises the following steps:

[0088] Place the mobile device on the identified track and energize all electrical devices in the mobile device; set the required loading spacing based on the actual fastener spacing of the identified track;

[0089] Place the tapping wheel 314 directly above the first fastener to be tested and activate the loading assembly;

[0090] The mobile device is manually pushed forward on the identified track; during the forward movement, the mileage monitoring module 403 monitors the forward distance in real time. When the forward movement reaches one loading interval, the control module 402 drives the hammer mechanism to operate once, completing one excitation loading of the identified track;

[0091] The data acquisition system collects the force, vibration acceleration, sound pressure and other data in real time, transmits them wirelessly to the backend or cloud, and / or stores them in the data acquisition module 401;

[0092] When the mobile device reaches the end point of the current recognition task, the mobile device is stopped from being pushed, the power is turned off and the device is shut down, and / or the local data stored in the data collection module 401 is exported for subsequent analysis.

[0093] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0094] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprises", or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In addition, the term "connected" as used in this document, unless otherwise specified, may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection via other components.

Claims

1. A mobile device for identifying track structure defects, comprising a support frame, characterized in that: It also includes a loading assembly, a traveling assembly and a control system connected to the support frame, and a data acquisition system for collecting response information of the identified track feedback; The loading assembly comprises a knocking wheel (314) for rolling on the top surface of the identified track, and a hammer mechanism for applying an excitation load downward to the knocking wheel (314); The walking assembly comprises walking wheels (501) located at the front and rear ends of the knocking wheel (314), and the walking wheels (501) are used to roll on the top surface of the identified track; The control system comprises a mileage monitoring module (403) for monitoring the mileage of any running wheel (501), and a control module (402) for driving the hammer mechanism to move, wherein the mileage monitoring module (403) is connected to the control module (402) by signal. The hammering mechanism comprises a mounting plate (308) fixed on a supporting frame, a struck shaft (303) passing through the mounting plate (308), a force transmission wheel (313) connected below the struck shaft (303), a striking hammer (302) located above the struck shaft (303), and a power mechanism for driving the striking hammer (302) to strike the top end of the struck shaft (303), the power mechanism being connected to the mounting plate (308), and the force transmission wheel (313) being in contact with the top end of the striking wheel (314); The data acquisition system comprises a first sensor (201) for monitoring the hammering force of the hammering mechanism, a second sensor for monitoring the wheel-rail noise of the hammering wheel (314) and the identified track, a third sensor for monitoring the vibration acceleration of the hammering wheel (314), a fourth sensor for monitoring the vibration acceleration of the support frame, and a data acquisition module (401) for storing the acquired response information.

2. A mobile device for identifying track structure defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a lower wheel seat (310) for mounting the knocking wheel (314), and a mounting seat (309) fixedly connected to the knocked shaft (303) and the lower wheel seat (310). The mounting seat (309) is suspended below the mounting plate (308) through a plurality of connecting members (301), and the suspension height of the mounting seat (309) is adjustable.

3. A mobile device for identifying track structure defects according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an upper wheel seat (312) for mounting the force transmission wheel (313), and a first elastic member (311) sleeved outside the struck shaft (303); the upper wheel seat (312) is connected to the bottom end of the struck shaft (303), and the first elastic member (311) is located between the upper wheel seat (312) and the mounting seat (309).

4. The mobile device for identifying track structure defects according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power mechanism comprises a cam (307), a motor (304) for driving the cam (307) to rotate, a rotating rod (315) movably abutting against the cam (307), and a fixed rod (316) rotatably matched with the rotating rod (315); the striking hammer (302) is mounted on the rotating rod (315), and the fixed rod (316) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (308); and the motor (304) is signal-connected to the control module.

5. The mobile device for identifying track structure defects according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a second elastic member (317) and a positioning member (318) located below the mounting plate (308); the two ends of the second elastic member (317) are detachably connected to the rotating rod (315) and the positioning member (318), respectively.

6. The mobile device for identifying track structure defects according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a trigger plate (305) coaxial with and fixedly connected to the cam (307), and a sensing device (306) matched with the trigger plate (305), wherein the sensing device (306) is used to sense the rotational orientation of the trigger plate (305), and the sensing device (306) is connected to the control module (402) via a signal.

7. A mobile device for identifying track structure defects according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The walking assembly further comprises a plurality of auxiliary wheels (502) located at the bottom of the support frame and distributed in pairs inwardly, and a plurality of universal wheels (503) located below the support frame; the auxiliary wheels (502) are used to roll on the side of the identified track.

8. A mobile device for identifying track structure defects according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The control system further comprises a human-computer interaction module (202) connected to the control module by signal.

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