A heat pipe device of a thermal management system, a thermal management system, and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application relates to a heat pipe device of a heat management system, the heat management system and a use method thereof, the heat pipe device comprising: an outer shell; a capillary core attached to the inner cavity surface of the outer shell, and provided with a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve in the inner cavity of the outer shell, so that the inner cavity of the outer shell is divided into a first passage in the heat pipe, a second passage in the heat pipe and a third passage in the heat pipe, an adsorption layer is arranged in the first passage in the heat pipe and the second passage in the heat pipe, a heat source is arranged on the outer side of the outer shell of the heat pipe, and based on the heating state of the heat source on the adsorption layer, the adsorption layer alternately performs an adsorption process and a desorption process to realize heat taking from a low-temperature heat source and releasing to a high-temperature heat source. The heat management system has no moving parts and is high in reliability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of thermal management, in particular to a heat pipe device of a thermal management system, a thermal management system and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Heat transfer technology is widely used in various fields. Common heat transfer technology requirements mainly include heat exchangers and thermal management devices.

[0003] Among many heat transfer elements, heat pipes are widely used in aerospace, electronic device heat dissipation, industrial production and other fields due to their high thermal conductivity, good temperature uniformity, small size and light weight, and no driving components. The two evaluation indexes of heat pipe heat transfer are the temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end, and the transmission power. Since the heat pipe is a heat transfer device without external electric power input, it is known from thermodynamics that the hot end temperature of the heat pipe must be higher than the cold end temperature, which makes the temperature of the heat dissipation end too high in some scenarios, such as when the cooling end temperature is relatively high. The common cooling end is generally the ambient temperature, and in the case of high ambient temperature, the temperature of the heat dissipation end will exceed the required temperature. According to the second law of thermodynamics, if external electric power is input, heat can be transferred from low temperature to high temperature, thereby greatly expanding the application range and limitations of the heat pipe. However, a general refrigeration system with a compressor has a complex structure and is not suitable for application in a thermal management system. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a heat pipe device of a thermal management system, a thermal management system and a use method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art. The system has no moving parts and high reliability. In addition, the generated steam in the evaporation section can be adsorbed to reduce the pressure of the evaporation section, which not only improves the capillary limit of the heat pipe, makes the heat pipe transmission power higher, greatly improves the heat transfer against gravity, but also realizes certain refrigeration function, so that the heat dissipation section can also dissipate heat when the temperature is slightly higher than that of the evaporation section.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions.

[0006] A heat pipe device of a thermal management system, comprising:

[0007] a shell;

[0008] a capillary core arranged in the shell, the capillary core being sealed with a working fluid;

[0009] A first one-way valve and a second one-way valve are arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, and the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve divide the inner cavity of the shell into a first passage in the heat pipe, a second passage in the heat pipe and a third passage in the heat pipe, the third passage in the heat pipe is communicated with the first passage in the heat pipe through the first one-way valve, and the third passage in the heat pipe is communicated with the second passage in the heat pipe through the second one-way valve;

[0010] A first adsorption layer and a second adsorption layer, the first adsorption layer is arranged in the first passage in the heat pipe, and the second adsorption layer is arranged in the second passage in the heat pipe, and the first adsorption layer and the second adsorption layer are used for adsorbing and desorbing working fluid in the heat pipe.

[0011] Optionally, the heat pipe device further comprises:

[0012] The heat pipe is divided into three sections: an evaporation section, an adsorption section and a condensation section; the evaporation section is a part of one end side of the heat pipe for phase change of liquid phase working fluid into gas phase working fluid; the adsorption section is a middle section part of the heat pipe for absorbing the evaporated gas phase working fluid in the adsorption stage and releasing the gas phase working fluid in the desorption stage; and the condensation section is another end side part of the heat pipe for phase change of the gas phase working fluid into the liquid phase working fluid.

[0013] Optionally, the first adsorption layer and the second adsorption layer are arranged between the inner cavity of the shell and the capillary core, the first adsorption layer penetrates through the capillary core and extends into the first passage in the heat pipe, and the second adsorption layer penetrates through the capillary core and extends into the second passage in the heat pipe.

[0014] Optionally, a heat source heats the first adsorption layer and the second adsorption layer, and by switching the heating state of the two, the first adsorption layer and the second adsorption layer alternately perform the adsorption process and the desorption process, so as to realize the continuous working of the heat management system.

[0015] Optionally, the capillary core is a sintered copper powder structure, a copper wire mesh structure or a foamed copper structure.

[0016] Optionally, the material of the adsorption layer is activated carbon, silica gel, lithium bromide, calcium oxide or sodium hydroxide which can adsorb working medium steam.

[0017] Optionally, the first one-way valve comprises a first valve seat, a first valve core and an elastic member, and the first valve seat and the first valve core are connected through the elastic member.

[0018] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application further provides a heat management system, the system comprising: a power supply;

[0019] A pair of heating sheets, each connected to the power source, one of the pair of heating sheets is used to heat the first adsorption layer, and the other is used to heat the second adsorption layer.

[0020] Optionally, the pair of heating sheets are in contact with the surface of the shell.

[0021] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application further provides a method for using the heat management system, the method comprises:

[0022] Based on the heating surface heating at the evaporation section of the heat pipe device, the working fluid in the capillary core of the evaporation section is converted from liquid phase to gas phase, so that the pressure inside the third passage in the heat pipe is greater than the pressure inside the first passage and the second passage in the heat pipe;

[0023] One of the first adsorption layer and the second adsorption layer is heated by the heat source, so that the pressure inside one of the first passage in the heat pipe and the second passage in the heat pipe is greater than the pressure inside the third passage in the heat pipe, and the other one has a pressure inside less than the pressure inside the third passage in the heat pipe, so that the working fluid converted to gas phase flows towards its passage;

[0024] The gas phase working fluid flows to the condensation section and condenses into liquid phase, and the capillary core of the condensation section quickly absorbs the working fluid converted to liquid phase and returns the working fluid to the evaporation section along the pipeline for re-evaporation.

[0025] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The application divides the inner cavity of the heat pipe into several passages by arranging the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve, and arranges the adsorption layer in the passage, the adsorption layer adsorbs the evaporated gas phase working fluid, heats the adsorption layer, desorbs the adsorbed gas phase working fluid in the adsorption layer, and the adsorption process and the desorption process are alternately performed by the two adsorption layers in different passages, so that the heat management system can continuously work, absorbs heat from the low temperature area and releases it to the high temperature area, and compared with the traditional capillary core heat pipe, the heat absorption capacity of the heat pipe is higher than that of the general capillary core heat pipe due to the innovative design of the passage in the heat pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a heat management system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a capillary wick heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present application; wherein, Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the internal structure of a capillary wick heat pipe, Figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the internal structure of a capillary wick heat pipe;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the working principle of a capillary wick heat pipe based on the adsorption principle according to an embodiment of the present application; wherein, Figure 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a capillary wick heat pipe during the adsorption process of the first adsorption layer and the desorption process of the second adsorption layer, Figure 3 (b) is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a capillary wick heat pipe during the desorption process of the first adsorption layer and the adsorption process of the second adsorption layer;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a first separate capillary wick heat pipe based on the adsorption principle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a second separate capillary wick heat pipe based on the adsorption principle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] wherein, 1-heat pipe, 2-power supply, 101-outer shell, 102-capillary wick, 103-adsorption layer, 104-one-way valve, 201, 2011, 2012-heating sheet, 1031-first adsorption layer, 1032-second adsorption layer, 1041-first one-way valve, 1042-second one-way valve, 1051-first passage in the heat pipe, 1052-second passage in the heat pipe, 1053-third passage in the heat pipe, I-evaporation section, II-adsorption section, and III-condensation section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0035] The application discloses a heat pipe device of a heat management system, comprising: a shell 101; a capillary core 102 arranged in the shell 101, the capillary core 102 being sealed with working fluid; a first one-way valve 1041 and a second one-way valve 1042, both arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 101, the first one-way valve 1041 and the second one-way valve 1042 separating the inner cavity of the shell 101 into a third passage 1053 in the heat pipe, a first passage 1051 in the heat pipe and a second passage 1052 in the heat pipe, the third passage 1053 in the heat pipe being communicated with the first passage 1051 in the heat pipe through the first one-way valve 1041, and the third passage 1053 in the heat pipe being communicated with the second passage 1052 in the heat pipe through the second one-way valve 1042;

[0036] a first adsorption layer 1031 and a second adsorption layer 1032, the first adsorption layer 1031 being arranged in the first passage 1051 in the heat pipe, and the second adsorption layer 1032 being arranged in the second passage 1052 in the heat pipe, both the first adsorption layer 1031 and the second adsorption layer 1032 being used for adsorbing and desorbing the working fluid in the heat pipe.

[0037] Specifically, the capillary core 102 is arranged in the shell 101, the capillary core 102 being sealed with working fluid, the first one-way valve 1041 and the second one-way valve 1042 are arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 101, the inner cavity of the shell 101 is separated into the third passage 1053 in the heat pipe, the first passage 1051 in the heat pipe and the second passage 1052 in the heat pipe, the third passage 1053 in the heat pipe is communicated with the first passage 1051 in the heat pipe based on the first one-way valve 1041, and the third passage 1053 in the heat pipe is communicated with the second passage 1052 in the heat pipe based on the second one-way valve 1042, the working fluid in the capillary core of the evaporation section I is converted from liquid phase to gas phase by heating the heating surface, the first adsorption layer 1031 and the second adsorption layer 1032 are arranged in the first passage 1051 in the heat pipe and the second passage 1052 in the heat pipe respectively, one of the first adsorption layer 1031 and the second adsorption layer 1032 is heated by a heat source, so that the pressure inside one of the first passage 1051 in the heat pipe and the second passage 1052 in the heat pipe is greater than the pressure inside the third passage 1053 in the heat pipe, and the pressure inside the other one of the first passage 1051 in the heat pipe and the second passage 1052 in the heat pipe is less than the pressure inside the third passage 1053 in the heat pipe, so that the gas phase working fluid flows towards the passage, the gas phase working fluid is condensed in the condensation section III and then flows back to the evaporation section I along the pipeline to be evaporated again, heat is absorbed from a low-temperature area and released to a high-temperature area, and the heat absorption capacity of the heat pipe is higher than that of a general capillary core heat pipe due to the innovative design of the passages in the heat pipe.

[0038] Further, the first adsorption layer 1031 and the second adsorption layer 1032 are arranged between the inner cavity of the shell 101 and the capillary wick 102, the first adsorption layer 1031 penetrates the capillary wick 102 and extends into the first passage 1051 in the heat pipe, and the second adsorption layer 1032 penetrates the capillary wick 102 and extends into the second passage 1052 in the heat pipe.

[0039] Further, the heat pipe is divided into three sections: an evaporation section I, an adsorption section II and a condensation section III; the evaporation section I is a part of one end side of the heat pipe for phase change of the liquid phase working fluid into the gas phase working fluid; the adsorption section II is a middle section of the heat pipe for absorbing the evaporated gas phase working fluid in the adsorption stage and releasing the gas phase working fluid in the desorption stage; and the condensation section III is a part of the other end side of the heat pipe for phase change of the gas phase working fluid into the liquid phase working fluid.

[0040] Further, the heat source heats the first adsorption layer 1031 and the second adsorption layer 1032, and by switching the heating state of the two, the first adsorption layer 1031 and the second adsorption layer 1032 alternately perform the adsorption process and the desorption process, so as to realize the continuous working of the heat management system.

[0041] Further, the capillary wick 102 is a sintered copper powder structure, a copper wire mesh structure or a foamed copper structure.

[0042] Further, the material of the adsorption layer is activated carbon or silica gel.

[0043] Further, the first one-way valve 1041 comprises a first valve seat, a first valve core and an elastic member, and the first valve seat and the first valve core are connected by the elastic member.

[0044] The application further discloses a heat management system comprising a heat source and the heat pipe device of the heat management system.

[0045] Further, the heat source comprises a power supply 2, heating sheets 2011 and 2012, both of which are connected with the power supply 2, one of the heating sheets 2011 and 2012 is used for heating the first adsorption layer 1031, and the other is used for heating the second adsorption layer 1032; and the heating sheets 2011 and 2012 are both in contact with the surface of the shell 101.

[0046] The application further discloses a use method of the heat management system, which comprises the following steps.

[0047] The heating surface heats at the evaporation section I of the heat pipe device, and the working fluid in the capillary wick of the evaporation section I is converted from the liquid phase into the gas phase, so that the pressure inside the third passage 1053 in the heat pipe is greater than the pressure inside the first passage 1051 and the second passage 1052 in the heat pipe;

[0048] One of the first adsorption layer 1031 and the second adsorption layer 1032 is heated by a heat source, so that the pressure inside one of the first passage 1051 and the second passage 1052 of the heat pipe is greater than the pressure inside the third passage 1053 of the heat pipe, and the other one is due to the pressure inside it is less than the pressure inside the third passage 1053 of the heat pipe, so that the working fluid converted into gas phase flows towards its passage;

[0049] The gaseous working fluid flows to the condensation section III and condenses into liquid phase, and the capillary wick of the condensation section III quickly absorbs the working fluid converted into liquid phase and returns the working fluid to the evaporation section I along the pipeline for re-evaporation.

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] As shown in Figure 1 The main embodiment of the present application discloses a heat pipe device of a heat management system. The structure of the heat pipe device of the present application includes a heat pipe 1, heating fins 2011 and 2012, and a power supply 2. The structure of the capillary wick heat pipe 1 is the key innovation of the present application. By using the structural design at the heat pipe 1, the heat pipe can take heat from a low-temperature heat source and release it to a high-temperature heat source. In addition, it can also promote the evaporation of the working fluid in the evaporation section of the heat pipe and speed up the flow speed of the evaporated gas, and strengthen the convective heat transfer effect, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency of the heat pipe. The heating fins 2011 and 2012 are distributed on the outer side of the upper and lower tube walls of the heat pipe and are connected with the power supply 2. This part can also be replaced by the waste heat generated in the application scene of the heat pipe.

[0052] The most core in the present application is the structure of the capillary wick heat pipe 1, as shown in Figure 2 (a) and Figure 2 (b), the heat pipe is a tubular container having an internal space enclosing a working fluid. 101 is an outer shell, which is generally made of copper, stainless steel, nickel alloy, titanium alloy and other metals; 102 is a capillary wick, which is generally made of sintered copper powder or copper wire mesh, foamed copper and other structures, and its material can also be other sintered powders such as stainless steel powder, ceramic sintered powder and other porous media; 103 is an adsorption layer, which can be activated carbon or silica gel. The adsorption material is different for different working fluids in the heat pipe. The A-A cross-sectional view of the heat pipe is shown in Figure 2 (b); 104 is a one-way valve, which divides the heat pipe into two parts, each of which contains an adsorption layer.

[0053] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the capillary wick heat pipe is divided into three sections: evaporation section I, adsorption section II and condensation section III. One end of the heat pipe is the evaporation section I for phase change of liquid working fluid into gas working fluid; the other end is the condensation section III for phase change of gas working fluid into liquid working fluid; and the middle section is the adsorption section II for absorbing the evaporated gas working fluid in the adsorption stage and releasing the gas working fluid in the desorption stage.

[0054] The application also discloses a working process of heat management based on adsorption refrigeration, which alternately performs the adsorption process and the desorption process by switching the heating state of the heating sheet 2011 and the heating sheet 2012 on the adsorption layer, so as to realize the continuous working of the heat management system, and the two working states are shown in Figs. Figure 3 (a) and 3(b). Figure 3 (a) is taken as an example, and the working principle is as follows: the heating surface heats the evaporation section of the heat pipe, the working fluid in the evaporation section of the capillary wick absorbs heat, and the liquid phase is evaporated into the gas phase; after evaporation, the volume expands, so that the pressure in the third passage 1053 in the evaporation section of the heat pipe increases. Since the pressure in the first passage 1051 in the heat pipe is smaller than that in the third passage 1053 in the evaporation section of the heat pipe, the first one-way valve 1041 is opened, and the evaporated gas phase working fluid flows from the evaporation section to the adsorption section through the first one-way valve 1041, so as to be absorbed by the first adsorption layer 1031 of the adsorption section; at this time, the second adsorption layer 1032 is saturated in the last working state, so the heating sheet 2012 heats the second adsorption layer 1032 to release a large amount of gas phase working fluid, so that the pressure in the second passage 1052 in the heat pipe is larger than that in the third passage 1053 in the evaporation section of the heat pipe, and the second one-way valve 1042 is closed; the released gas phase working fluid flows to the condensation section, and is condensed into the liquid phase in the condensation section, and at the same time, the capillary wick quickly absorbs the liquid phase working fluid and returns the liquid to the evaporation section along the pipeline to evaporate again, so as to complete the whole cycle. In the whole cycle, since the vapor in the evaporation section is continuously absorbed by the adsorption layer, the pressure in the third passage 1053 in the evaporation section of the heat pipe decreases, so as to increase the vapor pressure difference in the heat pipe, promote the continuous evaporation of the liquid phase working fluid in the evaporation section, and accelerate the flow speed of the gas phase working fluid to the adsorption section, and improve the heat transfer performance of the heat pipe.

[0055] The capillary wick heat pipe based on the adsorption principle is essentially equivalent to a small adsorption heat pump, which absorbs heat from a low-temperature region and releases it to a high-temperature region, consumes a certain amount of electric power, and can maintain the evaporation section temperature lower than the condensation section temperature, and is suitable for the case that the external temperature of the condensation section is relatively high and the required device temperature is relatively low.

[0056] As shown in Figure 4The evaporation section, the adsorption section and the condensation section can be separated and connected by pipes, and a one-way valve is installed on the connecting pipe between the evaporation section and the adsorption section. In this way, the whole heat exchange structure can be arranged more flexibly and is not limited by the positions of heating and condensation.

[0057] If no capillary core is arranged in the condensation section, it is a capillary pump heat pipe coupled adsorption structure. As shown in Figure 5 .

[0058] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application as defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A heat pipe device for a thermal management system, characterized in that, include: shell; A capillary wick is disposed inside the housing, and the working fluid is sealed inside the capillary wick; The first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are both disposed in the inner cavity of the housing. The first one-way valve and the second one-way valve divide the inner cavity of the housing into a first passage, a second passage and a third passage inside the heat pipe. The third passage inside the heat pipe is connected to the first passage inside the heat pipe through the first one-way valve, and the third passage inside the heat pipe is connected to the second passage inside the heat pipe through the second one-way valve. A first adsorption layer and a second adsorption layer are provided. The first adsorption layer is disposed in a first passage inside the heat pipe, and the second adsorption layer is disposed in a second passage inside the heat pipe. Both the first adsorption layer and the second adsorption layer are used to adsorb and desorb the working fluid inside the heat pipe. The heat pipe device also includes: The heat pipe is divided into three sections: an evaporation section, an adsorption section, and a condensation section. The evaporation section is the part of the heat pipe at one end, where the working fluid changes from a liquid phase to a gas phase. The adsorption section is the middle part of the heat pipe that absorbs the evaporated gaseous working fluid during the adsorption stage and releases the gaseous working fluid during the desorption stage. The condensation section is the part of the heat pipe at the other end, where the gaseous working fluid condenses and changes from a liquid phase.

2. The heat pipe device of the thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first adsorption layer and the second adsorption layer are disposed between the inner cavity of the outer shell and the capillary core. The first adsorption layer penetrates the capillary core and extends into the first passage inside the heat pipe, and the second adsorption layer penetrates the capillary core and extends into the second passage inside the heat pipe.

3. The heat pipe device of the thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heat source heats the first adsorption layer and the second adsorption layer. By switching the heating state of the two layers, the first adsorption layer and the second adsorption layer alternately perform adsorption and desorption processes, thereby realizing the continuous operation of the thermal management system.

4. The heat pipe device of the thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capillary core is a sintered copper powder structure, a copper wire mesh structure, or a foamed copper structure.

5. The heat pipe device of the thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption layer is made of activated carbon, silica gel, lithium bromide, calcium oxide, or sodium hydroxide, which are substances that can adsorb working medium vapor.

6. The heat pipe device of the thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first check valve includes a first valve seat, a first valve core, and an elastic element, wherein the first valve seat and the first valve core are connected by the elastic element.

7. A thermal management system, characterized in that, Based on the heat pipe device according to any one of claims 1-6, the system includes: a power source; A pair of heating elements are connected to the power source. One of the heating elements is used to heat the first adsorption layer, and the other is used to heat the second adsorption layer.

8. The thermal management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both heating elements are in contact with the surface of the outer casing.

9. A method of using a thermal management system, characterized in that, Based on the thermal management system according to any one of claims 7-8, the method comprises: Based on the heating surface heating at the evaporation section of the heat pipe device, the working fluid in the capillary wick of the evaporation section is transformed from liquid phase to gas phase, making the pressure inside the third passage of the heat pipe greater than the pressure inside the first and second passages of the heat pipe. One of the first adsorption layer and the second adsorption layer is heated by a heat source so that the pressure inside one of the first passage and the second passage in the heat pipe is greater than the pressure inside the third passage in the heat pipe, while the other passage has a lower pressure than the third passage in the heat pipe, causing the working fluid, which has been converted into a gas phase, to flow into its passage. After the gaseous working fluid flows to the condensation section, it condenses into a liquid phase. At the same time, the capillary wick of the condensation section will quickly draw away the working fluid that has been converted into a liquid phase and return the working fluid to the evaporation section along the pipeline for re-evaporation.

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