Preparation method of sandwich-shaped pressed fertilizer for rice planting under film

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for preparing sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer for rice planting under film, which belongs to the technical field of rice planting, including S1 raw material preparation: weighing the following raw materials by weight, 40-70 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of accelerator, and 1-5 parts of water retainer; S2 shell coating preparation: crushing the organic fertilizer into powder, adding water retainer, spraying a small amount of water, stirring to form mixed organic fertilizer, adding the mixed organic fertilizer into a compression molding machine, extruding and forming a shell coating, and the shell coating is in the shape of an open box; S3 filling raw materials: crushing inorganic fertilizer and accelerator into large particles, adding water retainer, stirring to form mixed inorganic fertilizer, paving a layer of the mixed inorganic fertilizer in the inner cavity of the shell coating, and paving a layer of the mixed organic fertilizer on the mixed inorganic fertilizer, and S4 compression molding. The sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer has long-lasting effect, and the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer can be dissolved 3-5 times, and can provide nutrients for crops for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rice planting, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a sandwich-shaped pressed fertilizer for rice planting under film. Background Art

[0002] Ningxia's rice planting area is located in the inland plateau, with high summer temperatures, abundant heat, strong sunlight, and a large temperature difference between day and night, which is very conducive to the accumulation of rice nutrients and has inherent advantages in rice planting. The Yellow River flows through the Ningxia Plain, providing sufficient water for the Ningxia Plain. It is convenient to irrigate rice and has excellent natural conditions. With the increase in my country's food demand and the advancement of agricultural modernization, Ningxia's rice planting industry has broad development prospects, and the rice planting area in Ningxia has also increased significantly in recent years.

[0003] In the process of rice field planting, due to the low rainfall in Ningxia, the large amount of water evaporation, and the existence of desertification in some soils, the water loss is large. In order to keep the soil moist, the rice planting technology under film is adopted. It protects the growth environment of rice by covering the ground film, increases soil temperature and humidity, and promotes the growth and development of rice. In the context of planting rice under film, the use of fertilizer is very important because it can provide the necessary nutrients for rice and promote its growth and yield.

[0004] The fertilization method for rice cultivation under film is generally to add base fertilizer, that is, before rice planting, during the process of loosening and leveling the land, the fertilizer is directly mixed into the soil, and a layer of film is laid on the upper layer, and then holes are made in the film to plant rice. Later, during the irrigation of the rice field, water enters the film from the holes in the film and penetrates into the soil. The fertilizer dissolves in the water to form water-fertilizer. However, this fertilization method has the problem of uneven mixing of fertilizer in water and large radial loss, resulting in low fertilizer utilization and short fertilizer effect time. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, the present invention provides a method for preparing sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer for rice planting under film, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art of flooding fertilization, uneven mixing of fertilizer in water, large radial surface loss, resulting in low fertilizer utilization rate and short fertilizer effect time.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0007] A method for preparing sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer for rice planting under film, comprising:

[0008] S1 Raw material preparation: weigh the following raw materials by weight: 40-70 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of accelerator, and 1-5 parts of water retaining agent;

[0009] S2 Shell coating preparation: crushing the organic fertilizer into powder, adding a water retaining agent, spraying a small amount of water, stirring to form a mixed organic fertilizer, adding the mixed organic fertilizer into a pressing machine, extruding and forming a shell coating, wherein the shell coating is in an open box shape;

[0010] S3 filling raw materials: grinding inorganic fertilizer and accelerator into large particles, adding water retaining agent, stirring to form mixed inorganic fertilizer, spreading a layer of the mixed inorganic fertilizer in the inner cavity of the shell, and spreading a layer of the mixed organic fertilizer on the mixed inorganic fertilizer, and then spreading the mixed inorganic fertilizer and mixed organic fertilizer on each other in turn in a sandwich shape until the inner cavity of the shell is filled;

[0011] S4 compression molding: a layer of the mixed organic fertilizer is spread on the shell filled with raw materials, extruded and molded by a compression molding machine, and dried to form a sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer.

[0012] Preferably, the organic fertilizer comprises: calculated by weight, 30-60 parts of decomposed cow dung or sheep dung, and 10-20 parts of wood ash.

[0013] Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer comprises: calculated by weight, 35-65 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 6-10 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, and 10-20 parts of potash fertilizer.

[0014] Preferably, the accelerator comprises: calculated by weight, 6-13 parts of amide nitrogen, 9-18 parts of urea formaldehyde nitrogen, and 8-16 parts of mineral potassium humate.

[0015] Preferably, the mesh size of the powdered organic fertilizer is 10-20 meshes, and the mesh size of the large particles of the inorganic fertilizer and accelerator is 4-10 meshes.

[0016] Preferably, the shell has a thickness of 3 mm to 10 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the paving thickness of the mixed inorganic fertilizer is 5mm-10mm.

[0018] Preferably, the paving thickness of the mixed organic fertilizer is 5mm-10mm.

[0019] Preferably, the number of sandwich layers of the mixed inorganic fertilizer and the mixed organic fertilizer is 3-5 layers.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0021] (1) Long-lasting effect: the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer can be dissolved 3-5 times and can provide nutrients to crops for a long time.

[0022] (2) High nutrient concentration. Sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer compresses various fertilizers together and then provides nutrients in a dissolved form, which improves the crop's absorption rate of nutrients.

[0023] (iii) Timeliness: Fill the soil with sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer according to the specific crop type and growth stage to improve the fertilization effect.

[0024] (IV) New type of fertilizer: Sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer is less used, but has broad application prospects in modern agricultural production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a half-section view of a sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the trend of nitrogen concentration changes.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the trend of phosphorus concentration changes.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a trend chart of potassium concentration changes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following specific implementation methods.

[0030] It should be understood that the same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom" and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] Please see Figure 1A method for preparing sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer for rice planting under film, comprising S1 raw material preparation: weighing the following raw materials by weight, 40-70 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of accelerator, and 1-5 parts of water retaining agent; S2 shell preparation: crushing the organic fertilizer into powder, adding the water retaining agent, spraying a small amount of water, stirring to form a mixed organic fertilizer, adding the mixed organic fertilizer into a compression molding machine, extruding and forming a shell, and the shell is in the shape of an open box; S3 filling raw materials: crushing the inorganic fertilizer and the accelerator into large particles S4: pressing and molding: laying a layer of the mixed organic fertilizer on the shell filled with the raw materials, using a pressing machine to extrude and mold, and drying to form a sandwich-shaped pressed fertilizer, wherein the pressed fertilizer is in the shape of strips.

[0032] The steps of fertilizing rice under film with compressed fertilizer are as follows: after the rice field is leveled, strip compressed fertilizer is laid in rows on the leveled land in sequence, soil is covered on the compressed fertilizer again, the thickness of the soil is 3-5 cm, and the soil is covered on the soil surface, the compressed fertilizer is wrapped under the film, and then rice is planted on the film, the rice planting position is near the compressed fertilizer, after water is poured into the rice field, the water will enter the soil in the film, and then the compressed fertilizer will absorb water, and the shell coat on the outer layer and upper surface of the compressed fertilizer will absorb a large amount of water. Since the compressed fertilizer is pressed and shaped, it has a high density. Water will gradually penetrate from the outer layer to the inner layer and enter the mixed inorganic fertilizer layer. It will gradually dissolve the mixed inorganic fertilizer from the surrounding to the center, but will not completely dissolve the internal mixed inorganic fertilizer. The dissolved mixed inorganic fertilizer solution will flow out of the compressed fertilizer through the shell and provide nutrients to the rice, avoiding the direct dissolution of the soil with base fertilizer and the high nutrient content, which will cause the seedlings to burn in the early stage and the fertilizer to be depleted in the later stage. At the same time, as water gradually enters the bottom of the compressed fertilizer, the compressed fertilizer will infiltrate a large amount of water and gradually exchange the nutrients in the compressed fertilizer. After the irrigation is stopped, a large amount of water is lost, and after continuous sunlight, the water under the film is lost again in large quantities. The soil 3-5cm above the ground is dry and has little water. At this time, the upper surface of the compressed fertilizer is dry, and the upper part of the compressed fertilizer is dry, which will lock the internal mixed inorganic fertilizer and mixed organic fertilizer. However, since the compressed fertilizer has a good water-locking effect, the lower part of the compressed fertilizer still contains a large amount of water. At this time, the compressed fertilizer will continue to flow toward the roots of the rice. It supplies nutrients and water. If the volume of the compressed fertilizer is large, it can continue to provide nutrients and water to rice for 10-20 days. If the volume of the compressed fertilizer is small, it can continue to provide nutrients and water to rice for 5-12 days. When the moisture of the compressed fertilizer is lost, the compressed fertilizer will become dry, and the internal mixed inorganic fertilizer and mixed organic fertilizer will be locked until the next irrigation or rain in the rice field, and the compressed fertilizer will continue to be moistened to continue to supply nutrients to the rice. One compressed fertilizer can provide nutrients to the rice 3-5 times.

[0033] For example, the invention patent with patent number CN201210582511.X provides a special rice tablet fertilizer and its preparation method, including 30-90 parts of organic fertilizer, 5-50 parts of compound fertilizer, 0.5-10 parts of biological fertilizer, 1-30 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 1-10 parts of water retaining agent, 0.00001-10 parts of sodium naphthaleneacetate, and 0.000001-1 parts of cytokinin. The raw materials are crushed separately, sieved through 100-150 meshes respectively, and the sieved raw material powders are vacuum dried at 20-35°C; the dried raw materials are evenly mixed in a dry state; the mixed raw materials are tableted to obtain a special rice tablet fertilizer. The tablet fertilizer meets all the nutrients required for the growth and development of rice during the whole growth period, is applied once during ploughing and preparation of the field, releases nutrients according to the fertilizer requirements of rice growth and development, has high fertilizer efficiency and low cost. However, since the compressed fertilizer is made of various raw materials crushed into powders and mixed with each other, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer are mixed together, when it meets water, the compressed fertilizer absorbs a large amount of water. The organic fertilizer has poor solubility in water, but other fertilizers are easily soluble in water. When water enters the compressed fertilizer, the compound fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer mixed in the compressed fertilizer will be dissolved first. Moreover, since the compound fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer are in powder form, the dissolution rate will be further accelerated, resulting in the compressed fertilizer can only be used 1-2 times, after which most of the compound fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer in the compressed fertilizer are dissolved by water, leaving only the organic fertilizer, which is slowly absorbed by the rice.

[0034] The compressed fertilizer has a shell on the outer layer and is made by squeezing organic fertilizer. The inner cavity of the shell is made by laying the mixed inorganic fertilizer and the mixed organic fertilizer on each other in sequence, forming a sandwich shape. When water is poured into the rice field, the shell absorbs water, and the multi-layer large-particle mixed inorganic fertilizer laid on the inner layer of the shell will first diffuse and absorb slowly from the surrounding to the center, and will not directly dissolve the entire layer of large-particle mixed inorganic fertilizer. At the same time, the large-particle mixed inorganic fertilizer dissolves slower than the small-particle mixed inorganic fertilizer, and the multi-layer mixed organic fertilizer laid on the inner layer of the shell Organic fertilizer will also absorb moisture from the surrounding area, further reducing the dissolution rate of large-particle mixed inorganic fertilizer. In addition, the extruded multi-layer mixed organic fertilizer will absorb water and swell when it meets water, and will lock in more moisture. When watering the rice field is stopped, since there is more moisture in the compressed fertilizer, this part of water will gradually dissolve the mixed inorganic fertilizer inside, which can provide moisture and nutrients to rice for a long time and promote rice growth. Moreover, since the mixed inorganic fertilizer in the compressed fertilizer dissolves slowly, it can provide 3-5 times of nutrients to rice.

[0035] In a possible embodiment, the strip-shaped pressed fertilizer of volume 1 includes: length 15 cm, width 5 cm, thickness 5 cm; the strip-shaped pressed fertilizer of volume 2 includes: length 8 cm, width 3 cm, thickness 3 cm; the strip-shaped pressed fertilizer of volume 3 includes: length 5 cm, width 2 cm, thickness 2 cm;

[0036] In a possible embodiment, the organic fertilizer includes: calculated by weight, 30-60 parts of decomposed cow dung or sheep dung, and 10-20 parts of plant ash. The decomposed cow dung or sheep dung can absorb more water when it meets water while providing nutrients to the soil and rice in the paddy field. The plant ash can provide K element nutrients to the soil and rice in the paddy field. At the same time, after the plant ash, the decomposed cow dung or sheep dung, and the water retaining agent are mixed with each other, the shell formed by extrusion is more compact and not easy to break.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the organic fertilizer includes: 45 parts of decomposed cow dung and 15 parts of wood ash, calculated by weight.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the organic fertilizer includes: calculated by weight, 60 parts of decomposed cow dung and 20 parts of wood ash.

[0039] In a possible embodiment, the inorganic fertilizer includes: calculated by weight, 35-65 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 6-10 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, and 10-20 parts of potash fertilizer. First, the release law of the inorganic fertilizer is more consistent with the crop absorption, which promotes the balanced absorption of nutrients by the crop; second, it has a long-term effect; third, it improves the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers and reduces waste.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the inorganic fertilizer includes: calculated by weight, 40 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 8 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, and 15 parts of potassium fertilizer.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the inorganic fertilizer includes: calculated by weight, 60 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, and 20 parts of potash fertilizer.

[0042] In a possible embodiment, the promoter includes: calculated by weight, 6-13 parts of amide nitrogen, 9-18 parts of urea formaldehyde nitrogen, and 8-16 parts of mineral potassium humate. The promoter can promote rice or crops to activate metabolic potential, release the vitality of nutrient elements, provide continuous protection for crops, and is conducive to reducing the amount of fertilizers and increasing their efficiency.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the accelerator comprises: calculated by weight, 8 parts of amide nitrogen, 12 parts of urea formaldehyde nitrogen, and 10 parts of mineral potassium humate.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the accelerator comprises: calculated by weight, 12 parts of amide nitrogen, 15 parts of urea formaldehyde nitrogen, and 13 parts of mineral potassium humate.

[0045] The inorganic fertilizer is mixed with the promoter and the water retaining agent to form a mixed inorganic fertilizer. Only a small amount of the inorganic fertilizer is needed. The promoter promotes the metabolism of the rice root system and improves the absorption efficiency of the inorganic fertilizer nutrients.

[0046] In a possible embodiment, the mesh size of the powdered organic fertilizer is 10-20 meshes, and the mesh size of the large particles of the inorganic fertilizer and the accelerator is 4-10 meshes. The crushed organic fertilizer is relatively fine, which is conducive to squeezing the organic fertilizer into a shell, while the inorganic fertilizer and the accelerator are large particles, which prevents the inorganic fertilizer from dissolving quickly, avoids burning the seedlings, and reduces the dissolution rate.

[0047] In a possible embodiment, the shell thickness is 3mm-10mm. Specifically, the shell thickness is any thickness of 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, and 10mm. If the shell thickness is thin, after the shell absorbs water, the shell will be directly washed away by water, resulting in the mixed inorganic fertilizer and mixed organic fertilizer inside the shell being exposed to the outside. If the shell thickness is thick, after the shell absorbs water, the mixed inorganic fertilizer and mixed organic fertilizer inside the shell will flow out of the internal cavity of the shell at a slow rate, which is not conducive to the absorption of nutrients by rice.

[0048] In a possible embodiment, the paving thickness of the mixed inorganic fertilizer is 5 mm to 10 mm. If the paving thickness of the mixed inorganic fertilizer is thin, when the mixed inorganic fertilizer is pressed by a pressing machine, the mixed inorganic fertilizer after pressing is thin and the amount of fertilizer is small, which cannot meet the nutrient supply of the paddy field. If the paving thickness of the mixed inorganic fertilizer is thick, the mixed inorganic fertilizer is easy to burn the seedlings after the paddy field is irrigated.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the paving thickness of the mixed inorganic fertilizer is any one of 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, and 10 mm.

[0050] In a possible embodiment, the paving thickness of the mixed organic fertilizer is 5mm-10mm. If the paving thickness of the mixed organic fertilizer is thin, after the paddy field is irrigated with water, the water absorption or water locking effect of the mixed organic fertilizer layer decreases, and the compressed fertilizer cannot retain more water. If the paving thickness of the mixed organic fertilizer is thick, after the paddy field is irrigated with water, the water absorption or water locking effect of the mixed organic fertilizer layer is high, and the compressed fertilizer will retain more water, which will dissolve the mixed inorganic fertilizer in the upper or lower layer of the mixed organic fertilizer, and there will be a phenomenon of burning seedlings.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the paving thickness of the mixed organic fertilizer is any one of 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, and 10 mm.

[0052] In a possible embodiment, the number of sandwich layers of the mixed inorganic fertilizer and the mixed organic fertilizer is 3-5. A larger number of sandwich layers can provide multiple nutrient and water supplies to the rice field.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] The first measurement of the experiment:

[0055] Adding base fertilizer: Fertilizer solubility determination

[0056] Raw material preparation: Weigh the following raw materials by weight: 40 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5 parts of accelerator, and 2 parts of water retaining agent; specifically, in 10 parts of inorganic fertilizer: 60 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, and 20 parts of potassium fertilizer.

[0057] Raw material mixing: organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, accelerator and water retaining agent are mixed to form mixed fertilizer;

[0058] Material preparation: an empty box 1 with a length of 100 cm, a width of 70 cm, and a height of 30 cm, soil is added to the empty box to 3 / 4 of the height of the box, and 6 rice plants with good growth are planted in the box (the rice variety selected is Qiuyou 88, and the rice is the rice seedlings in the early stage of the division period);

[0059] Dissolve the fertilizer for the first time: put the mixed fertilizer into the soil surface of box 1, and stir the shallow soil, bury the mixed fertilizer 2-3cm below the soil surface, inject 2L of water into box 1, and spread one side of the film on the soil surface, make holes in the film, and place it outdoors for light.

[0060] Detection of fertilizer content in soil: At intervals of 0, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, and 5d, the concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer in 1kg of soil near the rice root system were measured, expressed in mg / kg, where 0 represents the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the basic physical and chemical properties of the tested soil, as shown in the following table (1):

[0061]

[0062] Table (1)

[0063] The rice is growing well.

[0064] As shown in Table (1), after adding base fertilizer to the soil, when the soil is irrigated, a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the soil are dissolved, and the fertilizer concentration in the soil rises rapidly, achieving the effect of supplying nutrients to the soil. In addition, under the influence of light, various fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium gradually volatilize.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] The first measurement of the experiment:

[0067] Mixed compressed fertilizers: Fertilizer solubility determination

[0068] Raw material preparation: Weigh the following raw materials by weight: 40 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5 parts of accelerator, and 2 parts of water retaining agent; specifically, in 10 parts of inorganic fertilizer: 60 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, and 20 parts of potassium fertilizer.

[0069] Raw material mixing: organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, accelerator and water retaining agent are mixed and tableted to form tableted mixed fertilizer;

[0070] Material preparation: an empty box 2 with a length of 100 cm, a width of 70 cm, and a height of 30 cm. Soil (the same as the soil in Experimental Example 1) was added to the empty box to 3 / 4 of the height of the box. Six rice plants with good growth were planted in the box.

[0071] Dissolve the fertilizer for the first time: bury the compressed mixed fertilizer in the soil of box 2, bury it 1-3cm into the soil, inject 2L of water into box 2, and spread a film on the soil surface, make holes in the film, and place it outdoors for light.

[0072] Detection of fertilizer content in soil: At intervals of 0, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, and 5d, the concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer in 1kg of soil near the rice root system were measured, expressed in mg / kg, where 0 represents the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the basic physical and chemical properties of the test soil, as shown in the following table (2):

[0073]

[0074] Table (2)

[0075] The rice is growing well.

[0076] As shown in Table (2), when the compressed mixed fertilizer is applied to the soil, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the soil are dissolved after the soil is irrigated, and the fertilizer concentration in the soil increases, thereby supplying nutrients to the soil. However, compared with the additional base fertilizer, the dissolution rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compressed mixed fertilizer is lower and slower after comparing Table (2) with Table (1), and the concentration of various elements in the soil increases steadily, proving that the compressed mixed fertilizer is not completely dissolved after contacting water, but is in a state of gradual dissolution, and the fertilizer dissolution rate is reduced, which can avoid the phenomenon of burning seedlings. Furthermore, after opening the film on the surface of the box 2 and checking the shape of the mixed compressed fertilizer, about 2 / 3 of the outer layer of the mixed compressed fertilizer has changed from compressed to loose, leaving only a small part of the inner layer, about 1 / 3, still in compressed form.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] The first measurement of the experiment:

[0079] Fertilizer sandwich tablets: Fertilizer solubility determination

[0080] Raw material preparation: Weigh the following raw materials by weight: 40 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5 parts of accelerator, and 2 parts of water retaining agent; specifically, in 10 parts of inorganic fertilizer: 60 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 10 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, and 20 parts of potassium fertilizer.

[0081] Raw material mixing: organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, accelerator and water retaining agent are mixed together and pressed into tablets to form sandwich-shaped tablet fertilizer;

[0082] Material preparation: an empty box 3 with a length of 100 cm, a width of 70 cm, and a height of 30 cm, soil (the same as the soil in Experimental Example 1) was added to the empty box to 3 / 4 of the height of the box, and 6 rice plants with good growth were planted in the box;

[0083] Dissolve the fertilizer for the first time: bury the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer in the soil of the box 3, bury it 1-3 cm into the soil, inject 2L of water into the box 3, and spread a film on one side on the soil surface, make holes in the film, and place it outdoors for light.

[0084] Detection of fertilizer content in soil: At intervals of 0, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, and 5d, the concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer in 1kg of soil near the rice root system were measured, expressed in mg / kg, where 0 represents the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the basic physical and chemical properties of the tested soil, as shown in the following table (3):

[0085]

[0086] Table (3)

[0087] The rice is growing well.

[0088] As shown in Table (3), when sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer is applied to the soil, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the soil are dissolved after the soil is irrigated, and the fertilizer concentration in the soil increases, thereby supplying nutrients to the soil. However, compared with the additional base fertilizer, the dissolution rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer is reduced and even slower after comparing Table (3) with Table (1), and the concentration of various elements in the soil increases steadily. Compared with the additional base fertilizer, the dissolution rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer is further reduced and even slower after comparing Table (3) with Table (2), and the concentration of various elements in the soil increases steadily, proving that the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer is not completely dissolved after encountering water, but is also in a state of gradual dissolution, and the dissolution rate of the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer is lower, and it can slowly and stably dissolve into the soil and supply nutrients; furthermore, when the film on the surface of the box body 3 is opened, the morphology of the mixed compressed fertilizer is checked, and about 1 / 4 of the outer layer of the mixed compressed fertilizer has changed from compressed to loose, while the inner 3 / 4 is still in compressed.

[0089] Example 4

[0090] The second test:

[0091] Adding base fertilizer: Fertilizer solubility determination

[0092] Dissolve the fertilizer for the second time: After 5 days, continue to inject 2L of water into the box 1 and place it outdoors for light.

[0093] Detection of fertilizer content in soil: At intervals of 0, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, and 5d, the concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer in 1kg of soil near the rice root system were measured, expressed in mg / kg, where 0 represents the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the basic physical and chemical properties of the test soil, as shown in the following table (4):

[0094]

[0095] Table (4)

[0096] The rice is growing well.

[0097] It can be seen from Table (4) that, compared with Table (1), the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium continues to decrease, proving that after adding water to the box 1 for the second time, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the box have been completely dissolved, the fertilizer concentration continues to decrease, and the fertilizer effect continues to weaken.

[0098] Example 5

[0099] The second test:

[0100] Mixed compressed fertilizers: Fertilizer solubility determination

[0101] Dissolve the fertilizer for the second time: After 5 days, continue to inject 2L of water into the box 2 and place it outdoors for light.

[0102] Detect the fertilizer content in the soil: at intervals of 0, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, and 5d, measure the concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer in 1kg of soil near the rice root system, expressed in mg / kg, 0 represents the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the basic physical and chemical properties of the tested soil,

[0103] As shown in the following table (5):

[0104]

[0105] Table (5)

[0106] The rice is growing well.

[0107] It can be seen from Table (5) that, compared with Table (4), after adding water to the box 2 for the second time, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil containing the mixed compressed fertilizer are significantly higher than those in the soil with the additional base fertilizer, proving that the mixed compressed fertilizer can continue to supply nutrients to the soil, and the fertilizer effect duration of the mixed compressed fertilizer is longer than that of the additional base fertilizer. After comparing Table (5) with Table (2), the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil decrease, proving that most of the mixed compressed fertilizer has dissolved, leaving only the remaining mixed compressed fertilizer that has not been completely dissolved to continue to dissolve and release the nutrients in the mixed compressed fertilizer; further, when the film on the surface of the box 2 is opened and the shape of the mixed compressed fertilizer is checked, the mixed compressed fertilizer changes from a compressed sheet to a loose state, leaving only a pile of organic fertilizer.

[0108] Example 6

[0109] The second test:

[0110] Fertilizer sandwich tablets: Fertilizer solubility determination

[0111] Dissolving fertilizer for the second time: After 5 days, continue to inject 2L of water into the box 3 and place it outdoors for light exposure.

[0112] Detect the fertilizer content in the soil: at intervals of 0, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, and 5d, measure the concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer in 1kg of soil near the rice roots, expressed in mg / kg, where 0 represents the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the basic physical and chemical properties of the test soil, as shown in the following table (6).

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] It can be seen from Table (6) that, compared with Table (4), after adding water to the box 3 for the second time, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil containing the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer are significantly higher than those in the soil with the additional base fertilizer, proving that the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer can continue to supply nutrients to the soil, and the fertilizer effect duration of the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer is much longer than that of the additional base fertilizer. After comparing Table (5) with Table (4), after adding water for the second time, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil containing the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer are significantly higher than those in the soil containing the mixed compressed fertilizer, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil containing the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer still have an upward trend. The concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil containing mixed compressed fertilizer has a downward trend, which proves that the sandwich compressed fertilizer can still provide fertilizer nutrients. The fertilizer effect duration of the sandwich compressed fertilizer is longer than that of the mixed compressed fertilizer. After comparing Table (5) with Table (3), the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil tend to be stable, which proves that the sandwich compressed fertilizer is not completely dissolved, only a part of it is dissolved, and the remaining sandwich compressed fertilizer can still be dissolved. In addition, after opening the film on the surface of the box 3, after checking the shape of the sandwich compressed fertilizer, the outer surface circle becomes loose, and the inner circle is still in a compressed tablet shape, and the sandwich compressed fertilizer is consumed by about 1 / 2.

[0116] Example 7

[0117] The third test:

[0118] Adding base fertilizer: Fertilizer solubility determination

[0119] Dissolve the fertilizer for the third time: After 5 days, continue to inject 2L of water into the box 1 and place it outdoors for light.

[0120] Detect the fertilizer content in the soil: at intervals of 0, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, and 5d, measure the concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer in 1kg of soil near the rice root system, expressed in mg / kg, where 0 represents the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the basic physical and chemical properties of the test soil, as shown in the following table (7).

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] Table (7)

[0124] The rice is growing well.

[0125] It can be seen from Table (7) that, compared with Table (4), the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium continue to decrease, proving that after adding water to the box 1 for the third time, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the box have all dissolved, the fertilizer concentration continues to decrease, and the fertilizer effect continues to weaken.

[0126] Example 8

[0127] The third test:

[0128] Mixed compressed fertilizers: Fertilizer solubility determination

[0129] Dissolve the fertilizer for the third time: After 5 days, continue to inject 2L of water into the box 2 and place it outdoors for light.

[0130] Detection of fertilizer content in soil: At intervals of 0, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, and 5d, the concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer in 1kg of soil near the rice root system were measured, expressed in mg / kg, where 0 represents the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the basic physical and chemical properties of the test soil, as shown in the following table (8):

[0131]

[0132] Table (8)

[0133] The rice is growing well.

[0134] It can be seen from Table (8) that, compared with Table (7), after adding water to the box 2 for the third time, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil containing the mixed compressed fertilizer are significantly higher than those in the soil with the additional base fertilizer, but the fertilizer effect is in a state of gradually decreasing, proving that the mixed compressed fertilizer can continue to supply nutrients to the soil. The fertilizer effect duration of the mixed compressed fertilizer is longer than that of the additional base fertilizer. After comparing Table (8) with Table (5), the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil decrease, proving that the mixed compressed fertilizer has been completely dissolved. Furthermore, after opening the film on the surface of the box 2 and checking the shape of the mixed compressed fertilizer, the mixed compressed fertilizer has completely become loose, leaving only a pile of organic fertilizer.

[0135] Example 9

[0136] Experimental determination:

[0137] Fertilizer sandwich tablets: Fertilizer solubility determination

[0138] Dissolving fertilizer for the third time: After 5 days, continue to inject 2L of water into the box 3 and place it outdoors for light exposure.

[0139] Detection of fertilizer content in soil: At intervals of 0, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, and 5d, the concentrations of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer in 1kg of soil near the rice root system were measured, expressed in mg / kg, where 0 represents the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of the basic physical and chemical properties of the tested soil, as shown in the following table (9):

[0140]

[0141] Table (9)

[0142] The rice is growing well.

[0143] It can be seen from Table (9) that, compared with Table (7), after adding water to the box 3 for the third time, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil containing the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer are significantly higher than those in the soil with the additional base fertilizer, proving that the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer can continue to supply nutrients to the soil, and the fertilizer effect duration of the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer is much longer than that of the additional base fertilizer. After comparing Table (9) with Table (8), after adding water for the third time, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil containing the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer are significantly higher than those in the soil containing the mixed compressed fertilizer, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil containing the sandwich-shaped compressed fertilizer still have an upward trend, but the increase is reduced. The concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil containing mixed compressed fertilizer showed a downward trend, proving that the sandwich compressed fertilizer can still provide fertilizer nutrients. The fertilizer effect duration of the sandwich compressed fertilizer is longer than that of the mixed compressed fertilizer. After comparing Table (9) with Table (6), the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the soil tend to be stable, proving that the sandwich compressed fertilizer is not completely dissolved, only a part of it is dissolved, and the remaining sandwich compressed fertilizer can still be dissolved. In addition, after opening the film on the surface of the box 3 and checking the shape of the sandwich compressed fertilizer, most of the outer surface becomes loose, and a small part of the inner circle is still in a compressed state. The sandwich compressed fertilizer is consumed about 4 / 5, and 1 / 5 remains.

[0144] Combination Figure 2 Nitrogen concentration trend chart, Figure 3 Phosphorus concentration trend chart and Figure 4From the trend chart of potassium concentration changes, we can see that the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium show an upward trend in the first 5 days of applying base fertilizer, and then the concentrations gradually decrease. The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium show an upward trend in the first 5 days of mixed compressed fertilizer, and then tend to be stable or downward in the next 5 days. In the last 5 days, the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium gradually decrease. For sandwich compressed fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium basically show an upward trend for 15 consecutive days. This proves that compared with additional base fertilizer and mixed compressed fertilizer, sandwich compressed fertilizer has a longer fertilizer effect time and high nutrient concentration, and can provide good nutrient supply for rice.

[0145] Experimental Example 10

[0146] Analysis of rice growth (rice is the rice seedlings in the early stage of the rice seedling division): The average height of 6 rice plants in box 1, box 2, and box 3 was measured at intervals of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 days, respectively, and expressed in cm, with 0 representing the initial average height of rice, as shown in the following table (10):

[0147]

[0148] Table (10)

[0149] As shown in Table (10), the height of rice was basically the same in the first 5 days. However, after 5 days, the soil nutrients of the applied base fertilizer gradually decreased, and the rice in box 1 grew slowly. The height of rice in box 3 was higher than that in boxes 1 and 2. Under the same other conditions, the fertilizer in box 3 was not consumed and the fertilizer effect lasted longer, which proved that box 3 could continuously provide nutrients for rice.

[0150] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a tablet fertilizer for rice planting under film, characterized in that: include S1. Raw material preparation: weigh the following raw materials by weight: 40-70 parts of organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of accelerator, and 1-5 parts of water retaining agent; wherein the accelerator comprises: by weight: 6-13 parts of amide nitrogen, 9-18 parts of urea formaldehyde nitrogen, and 8-16 parts of mineral potassium humate; S2 Shell coating preparation: crushing the organic fertilizer into powder, adding a water retaining agent, spraying a small amount of water, stirring to form a mixed organic fertilizer, adding the mixed organic fertilizer into a pressing machine, extruding and forming a shell coating, wherein the shell coating is in an open box shape; S3 filling raw materials: grind the inorganic fertilizer and the accelerator into large particles, add a water retaining agent, stir to form a mixed inorganic fertilizer, spread a layer of the mixed inorganic fertilizer in the inner cavity of the shell, and spread a layer of the mixed organic fertilizer on the mixed inorganic fertilizer, and then spread the mixed inorganic fertilizer and the mixed organic fertilizer on each other in turn, in a sandwich shape, until the inner cavity of the shell is filled; wherein the mesh size of the organic fertilizer powder is 10-20 meshes, and the mesh size of the inorganic fertilizer and the accelerator large particles is 4-10 meshes; S4 compression molding: a layer of the mixed organic fertilizer is spread on the shell filled with raw materials, extruded and molded by a compression molding machine, and dried to form a tablet fertilizer.

2. The method for preparing the compressed fertilizer for rice planting under film as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer comprises: calculated by weight, 30-60 parts of decomposed cow dung or sheep dung and 10-20 parts of plant ash.

3. The method for preparing the compressed fertilizer for rice planting under film as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic fertilizer includes, by weight, 35-65 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 6-10 parts of phosphorus fertilizer, and 10-20 parts of potash fertilizer.

4. The method for preparing the compressed fertilizer for rice planting under film as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The shell thickness is 3mm-10mm.

5. The method for preparing the tablet fertilizer for rice planting under film as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The paving thickness of the mixed inorganic fertilizer is 5mm-10mm.

6. The method for preparing the tablet fertilizer for rice planting under film as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The paving thickness of the mixed organic fertilizer is 5mm-10mm.

7. The method for preparing the compressed fertilizer for rice planting under film as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of sandwich layers of the mixed inorganic fertilizer and the mixed organic fertilizer is 3-5 layers.

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