Aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide and preparation process of aluminum-based composite material

Abstract

The invention provides an aluminum-based composite material reinforced by nickel-coated silicon carbide through a magnetron sputtering dry method and a preparation process of the aluminum-based composite material, and relates to the technical field of metal-based composite materials and advanced electronic packaging thermal management materials. Comprising the following steps that S1, silicon carbide particles coated with nickel through a magnetron sputtering dry method and aluminum powder are put into a mold to be subjected to compression molding, and an initial blank is obtained; and S2, the initial blank prepared in the step S1 is placed in a re-pressing sintering furnace under the inert gas protection condition, continuous re-pressing is conducted under the temperature condition ranging from the temperature lower than the aluminum melting point by 50 DEG C to the temperature higher than the aluminum melting point by 200 DEG C, and the nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material obtained through the magnetron sputtering dry method is obtained. The aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide disclosed by the invention is excellent in heat-conducting property and mechanical property and long in service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal-based composite materials and advanced electronic packaging thermal management materials, and in particular to an aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern science and technology, especially in the fields of electronic packaging, aerospace, etc., the requirements for material performance are becoming increasingly stringent. Metal-based composite materials have attracted much attention due to their unique performance advantages. Among them, silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite materials have become one of the most promising new materials with their low density, high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient and good mechanical properties. They are widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronic instruments and other industrial fields.

[0003] Existing silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites face many challenges in the preparation process. Due to the poor wettability between SiC particles and Al matrix and the large interface difference, the problem of poor interface bonding is prone to occur during the preparation process, which will cause exclusion phenomenon, making the composite powder prone to stratification after solidification, affecting the overall performance of the material. At the same time, the two are prone to interface reaction during high-temperature sintering, generating Al 4 C 3 Brittle phase. 4 C 3 Not only will it reduce the strength and toughness of the composite material, but its moisture absorption will also deteriorate the performance of the composite material in a humid environment, thereby limiting the widespread application of the material.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the current common practice is to modify the surface of silicon carbide particles to improve wettability, reduce interfacial reactions, and increase thermal conductivity. Existing methods for surface modification of silicon carbide particles include surface oxidation treatment and metal coating. However, although surface oxidation treatment can improve wettability to a certain extent, the thickness of the oxide layer is difficult to accurately control. An excessively thick oxide layer may hinder the contact between the Al liquid and SiC, affecting wettability, and the oxidation process may introduce impurities. The process of plating metal coatings (such as chemical nickel plating) is complex and costly, and there are also problems such as uneven plating and environmental pollution.

[0005] For example, the Chinese invention patent with application publication number CN116732506A discloses a method for preparing a nickel-plated hollow silicon carbide microsphere reinforced aluminum-based composite material, comprising the following steps: S1, soaking the hollow silicon carbide microspheres in a nickel salt solution to adsorb nickel ions, then reducing the adsorbed nickel ions to nickel elemental as a nucleation core by a strong reducing agent, and finally plating in a chemical plating solution to obtain nickel-coated hollow silicon carbide microspheres; S2, mixing and ball-milling the metal aluminum powder material, the nickel-coated hollow silicon carbide microspheres and the process control agent to obtain a composite powder; S3, encapsulating the composite powder in a metal sheath, heating and rolling to obtain a composite material blank; S4, stripping the metal sheath of the composite material blank, removing the burrs to obtain a nickel-plated hollow silicon carbide microsphere reinforced aluminum-based composite material. The invention uses nickel-plated hollow silicon carbide microspheres to improve the interface of the aluminum-based composite material, improve the interface bonding strength between the hollow silicon carbide microspheres and the aluminum matrix, and thus improve the mechanical properties of the composite material. However, this method is complex and has problems such as uneven plating and environmental pollution. The mechanical properties of the produced material still need to be improved.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to seek a more effective preparation process to prepare nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite materials with excellent thermal conductivity and mechanical properties and long service life. Summary of the invention

[0007] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide, which has excellent thermal conductivity and mechanical properties and a long service life, and a preparation process thereof.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a process for preparing an aluminum-based composite material reinforced with nickel-coated silicon carbide by magnetron sputtering dry process, comprising the following steps: Step S1, pressing and molding: putting silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process and aluminum powder into a mold for pressing and molding to obtain a blank; Step S2, re-pressing: placing the blank prepared in step S1 in a re-pressing sintering furnace under inert gas protection, and continuously re-pressing at a temperature ranging from 50°C below the melting point of aluminum to 200°C above the melting point of aluminum to obtain a nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process to the aluminum powder in step S1 is (0.26-2.5):1.

[0010] Preferably, the pressing method in step S1 is cold pressing or warm pressing.

[0011] Preferably, the specific process parameters of the press molding in step S1 are: pressure 70-200 MPa, temperature 260-660° C., insulation time 3-5 min, and cooling method is furnace cooling.

[0012] Preferably, the mold in step S1 is an ordinary Cr12MoV steel mold that has been quenched and tempered.

[0013] Preferably, the method for preparing silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process in step S1 comprises the following steps: Step D1: drying the silicon carbide powder at a constant temperature of 95-105° C. for 0.5-0.8 h, ball-milling the powder for 0.5 h after drying, and activating the ball-milled silicon carbide powder using a vacuum plasma cleaning activation process; Step D2: using a magnetron sputtering method to first sputter a transition coating layer on the surface of the activated silicon carbide powder, and then sputtering metal nickel until the total coating thickness is 2-20 μm.

[0014] Preferably, the average powder particle size of the silicon carbide powder in step D1 is 50 nm-50 μm.

[0015] Preferably, during the activation treatment in step D1 and the sputtering of metallic nickel in step D2, the silicon carbide powder is in an environment where one or more of ultrasonic vibration, mechanical vibration, mechanical stirring, and multiphase fluidization are superimposed.

[0016] Preferably, the specific parameters of the activation treatment in step D1 are: protective atmosphere is Ar, working pressure is 0.5-1.0 Pa, drying time is 5-30 min, temperature is room temperature, power is 200-600 W, and bias voltage is 80-200 V.

[0017] Preferably, the transition coating layer in step D2 is formed by compounding or laminating at least one of Cr, NiCr and SiAl; and the thickness of the transition coating layer is 0.1-1 μm.

[0018] Preferably, the specific parameters of the sputtering transition coating layer in step D2 are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 0.2-2.0Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 500-2500W, the sputtering time is 10-120min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C; the specific parameters of the sputtering metal nickel are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 0.2-2.0Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 500-2500W, the sputtering time is 10-120min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C.

[0019] Preferably, the inert gas in step S2 is any one of nitrogen, helium, neon and argon.

[0020] Preferably, the pressure of the re-pressing in step S2 is 5-25 MPa, and the pressure loading time is 5-30 min.

[0021] Another object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide, which is made using the above-mentioned preparation process of the aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide.

[0022] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention provides a process for preparing an aluminum-based composite material reinforced with nickel-coated silicon carbide by dry magnetron sputtering. The process uses aluminum as a matrix and nickel-coated silicon carbide prepared by magnetron sputtering as a reinforcing phase. A nickel layer is deposited on the surface of silicon carbide by magnetron sputtering dry coating technology to obtain nickel-coated silicon carbide particles. Aluminum powder and the prepared nickel-coated silicon carbide particles are mixed in a predetermined ratio. After powder mixing and cold pressing or warm pressing, the composite material is formed by a re-pressing technology under inert gas protection. The magnetron sputtering process can form a high-quality nickel layer on the surface of silicon carbide, significantly improve the interface bonding performance between silicon carbide and aluminum matrix, effectively inhibit interface reaction, and greatly improve the thermal conductivity of the composite material. The re-pressing technology can ensure that this type of aluminum-based composite material can achieve a high density while achieving a high volume fraction of silicon carbide content. This process can overcome the shortcomings of traditional powder metallurgy preparation technology for silicon carbide / aluminum-based composite materials. The process is usually carried out at a relatively low temperature, which can avoid the damage to silicon carbide powder caused by high temperature, reduce the degradation of powder performance, and help maintain the original performance of silicon carbide.

[0023] (2) The aluminum-based composite material reinforced with silicon carbide coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process provided by the present invention has excellent thermal conductivity and good mechanical properties. It can be used as a low-cost electronic packaging material with excellent performance and has great application prospects in the fields of electronic packaging of high-power chips, aerospace, etc.

[0024] (3) The aluminum-based composite material reinforced with silicon carbide coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process and the method for nickel plating of silicon carbide provided by the present invention are subjected to plasma activation treatment on the silicon carbide powder particles before coating. On the one hand, it can remove the residual impurities on the surface of the silicon carbide powder, and on the other hand, it can increase the surface energy of the silicon carbide powder, so that it can better combine with the coated metal and make the combination stronger. In the superposition environment of one or more states such as ultrasonic vibration, mechanical vibration, mechanical stirring, multiphase fluidization, etc., the magnetron sputtering nickel plating is adopted. Unlike the metal layer obtained by the electroplating method, which is only mechanically bonded to the surface of the silicon carbide powder, after the silicon carbide powder particles are activated, the increase in surface energy makes the silicon carbide powder and the metal combine more closely, thereby forming a chemical bond. On the other hand, the silicon carbide powder is in a state of continuous vibration during the coating process, and the coating rate is controlled at the same time, so as to achieve a uniform coating on each side of the particles.

[0025] (4) The aluminum-based composite material reinforced with silicon carbide coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process provided by the present invention has a skeleton that does not produce a large deformation, thereby affecting the product size. At the same time, the surface of the metal layer is flat and dense, so that the metal droplets can better penetrate into the pores; the coating is well bonded to the surface of the silicon carbide powder particles and has a high density, which enhances the interfacial bonding strength between the silicon carbide and the aluminum matrix, and helps to improve the overall performance of the composite material. At the same time, the surface of the metal layer is flat and dense, so the metal droplets can better penetrate into the pores; the metal nickel layer and the silicon carbide matrix can further diffuse with each other, thereby improving the bonding ability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0027] Embodiment 1: A magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a preparation process thereof, comprising the following steps: Step S1, pressing and molding: putting silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process and aluminum powder into a mold for pressing and molding to obtain a blank; Step S2, re-pressing: placing the preform produced in step S1 in a re-pressing sintering furnace under inert gas protection, and continuously re-pressing at a temperature 50° C. below the melting point of aluminum to obtain a nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material.

[0028] The mass ratio of the silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by dry magnetron sputtering to the aluminum powder in step S1 is 0.3:1.

[0029] The specific process parameters of the pressing molding in step S1 are: pressure 70MPa, temperature 260°C, holding time 3min, and cooling method is furnace cooling; the mold in step S1 is an ordinary Cr12MoV steel mold that has been quenched and tempered.

[0030] The method for preparing silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process in step S1 comprises the following steps: Step D1: drying the silicon carbide powder at a constant temperature of 95° C. for 0.5 h, ball-milling the powder for 0.5 h after drying, and activating the ball-milled silicon carbide powder using a vacuum plasma cleaning activation process; Step D2: A transition coating layer is firstly sputtered on the surface of the activated silicon carbide powder by a magnetron sputtering method, and then metal nickel is sputtered until the total coating thickness is 5 μm.

[0031] The average powder particle size of the silicon carbide powder in step D1 is 50 nm; during the activation treatment in step D1 and the sputtering of metal nickel in step D2, the silicon carbide powder is in an ultrasonic vibration environment.

[0032] The specific parameters of the activation treatment in step D1 are: the protective atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 0.5 Pa, the drying time is 5 min, the temperature is room temperature, the power is 200 W, and the bias voltage is 80 V.

[0033] The transition coating layer described in step D2 is formed by stacking Cr; the thickness of the transition coating layer is 0.1μm; the specific parameters of the sputtering transition coating layer in step D2 are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 0.2Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 500W, the sputtering time is 10min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C; the specific parameters of the sputtering metal nickel are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 0.2Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 500W, the sputtering time is 10min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C.

[0034] The inert gas in step S2 is nitrogen; the pressure of the re-pressurization in step S2 is 5 MPa, and the pressure loading time is 5 min.

[0035] A magnetron sputtering dry process nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material manufactured by adopting the above-mentioned magnetron sputtering dry process nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material preparation process.

[0036] Embodiment 2: A process for preparing an aluminum-based composite material reinforced with nickel-coated silicon carbide by magnetron sputtering dry process, comprising the following steps: Step S1, pressing and molding: putting silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process and aluminum powder into a mold for pressing and molding to obtain a blank; Step S2, re-pressing: placing the preform produced in step S1 in a re-pressing sintering furnace under inert gas protection, and continuously re-pressing at a temperature of the aluminum melting point to obtain a nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material.

[0037] The mass ratio of the magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide particles and the aluminum powder in step S1 is 0.52:1; the specific process parameters of the pressing molding in step S1 are: pressure 90MPa, temperature 360°C, insulation time 3.5min, and cooling method is furnace cooling; the mold in step S1 is an ordinary Cr12MoV steel mold that has been quenched and tempered.

[0038] The method for preparing silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process in step S1 comprises the following steps: Step D1: drying the silicon carbide powder at a constant temperature of 99° C. for 0.6 h, ball-milling the powder for 0.5 h after drying, and activating the ball-milled silicon carbide powder using a vacuum plasma cleaning activation process; Step D2: A transition coating layer is firstly sputtered on the surface of the activated silicon carbide powder by a magnetron sputtering method, and then metal nickel is sputtered until the total coating thickness is 6 μm.

[0039] The average powder particle size of the silicon carbide powder described in step D1 is 5 μm; the silicon carbide powder is in a mechanical vibration environment during the activation treatment described in step D1 and the sputtering of metal nickel described in step D2; the specific parameters of the activation treatment described in step D1 are: the protective atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 0.7 Pa, the drying time is 10 min, the temperature is room temperature, the power is 300 W, and the bias voltage is 100 V.

[0040] The transition coating layer in step D2 is formed by stacking NiCr; the thickness of the transition coating layer is 0.3 μm. Preferably, the specific parameters of the sputtering transition coating layer in step D2 are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working pressure is 0.6 Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 1000 W, the sputtering time is 40 min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C; the specific parameters of the sputtering metal nickel are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working pressure is 0.6 Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 1000 W, the sputtering time is 40 min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C.

[0041] The inert gas in step S2 is helium; the pressure of the re-pressurization in step S2 is 10 MPa, and the pressure loading time is 10 min.

[0042] A magnetron sputtering dry process nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material manufactured by adopting the above-mentioned magnetron sputtering dry process nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material preparation process.

[0043] Embodiment 3: A process for preparing an aluminum-based composite material reinforced with nickel-coated silicon carbide by magnetron sputtering dry process, comprising the following steps: Step S1, pressing and molding: putting silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process and aluminum powder into a mold for pressing and molding to obtain a blank; Step S2, re-pressing: placing the preform produced in step S1 in a re-pressing sintering furnace under inert gas protection, and continuously re-pressing at a temperature within 50° C. above the melting point of aluminum to obtain a nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material.

[0044] The mass ratio of the magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide particles and the aluminum powder in step S1 is 0.8:1; the specific process parameters of the pressing molding in step S1 are: pressure 130MPa, temperature 460°C, insulation time 4min, and cooling method is furnace cooling; the mold in step S1 is an ordinary Cr12MoV steel mold that has been quenched and tempered.

[0045] The method for preparing silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process in step S1 comprises the following steps: Step D1: drying the silicon carbide powder at a constant temperature of 100° C. for 0.65 h, ball-milling the powder for 0.5 h after drying, and activating the ball-milled silicon carbide powder using a vacuum plasma cleaning activation process; Step D2: A transition coating layer is firstly sputtered on the surface of the activated silicon carbide powder by a magnetron sputtering method, and then metal nickel is sputtered until the total coating thickness is 10 μm.

[0046] The average powder particle size of the silicon carbide powder in step D1 is 20 μm; the silicon carbide powder is in a mechanical stirring environment during the activation treatment in step D1 and the sputtering of metal nickel in step D2; the specific parameters of the activation treatment in step D1 are: the protective atmosphere is Ar, the working pressure is 0.8 Pa, the drying time is 20 min, the temperature is room temperature, the power is 400 W, and the bias voltage is 140 V; the transition coating layer in step D2 is formed by stacking SiAl; the thickness of the transition coating layer is 0.6 μm. The specific parameters of the sputtering transition coating layer in step D2 are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working pressure is 1.2 Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 1500 W, the sputtering time is 90 min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50 ° C; the specific parameters of the sputtering metal nickel are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working pressure is 1.2 Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 1500 W, the sputtering time is 90 min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50 ° C.

[0047] The inert gas in step S2 is neon; the pressure of the re-pressurization in step S2 is 15 MPa, and the pressure loading time is 20 min.

[0048] A magnetron sputtering dry process nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material manufactured by adopting the above-mentioned magnetron sputtering dry process nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material preparation process.

[0049] Embodiment 4: A process for preparing an aluminum-based composite material reinforced with nickel-coated silicon carbide by magnetron sputtering dry process, comprising the following steps: Step S1, pressing and molding: putting silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process and aluminum powder into a mold for pressing and molding to obtain a blank; Step S2, re-pressing: placing the preform produced in step S1 in a re-pressing sintering furnace under inert gas protection, and continuously re-pressing at a temperature 150° C. higher than the melting point of aluminum to obtain a nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material.

[0050] The mass ratio of the silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by dry method of magnetron sputtering and the aluminum powder in step S1 is 1.57:1; the specific process parameters of the pressing molding in step S1 are: pressure 180MPa, temperature 600°C, holding time 4.5min, and cooling method is furnace cooling; the mold in step S1 is an ordinary Cr12MoV steel mold that has been quenched and tempered.

[0051] The method for preparing silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process in step S1 comprises the following steps: Step D1: drying the silicon carbide powder at a constant temperature of 103° C. for 0.75 h, ball-milling the powder for 0.5 h after drying, and activating the ball-milled silicon carbide powder using a vacuum plasma cleaning activation process; Step D2: A transition coating layer is firstly sputtered on the surface of the activated silicon carbide powder by a magnetron sputtering method, and then metal nickel is sputtered until the total coating thickness is 16 μm.

[0052] The average powder particle size of the silicon carbide powder described in step D1 is 40μm; the silicon carbide powder is in a multiphase fluidized environment during the activation treatment described in step D1 and the sputtering of metal nickel described in step D2; the specific parameters of the activation treatment described in step D1 are: the protective atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 0.9Pa, the drying time is 25min, the temperature is room temperature, the power is 550W, and the bias voltage is 190V.

[0053] The transition coating layer described in step D2 is formed by stacking Cr; the thickness of the transition coating layer is 0.9μm; the specific parameters of the sputtering transition coating layer in step D2 are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 1.8Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 2300W, the sputtering time is 110min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C; the specific parameters of the sputtering metal nickel are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 1.8Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 2300W, the sputtering time is 110min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C.

[0054] The inert gas in step S2 is argon; the pressure of the re-pressurization in step S2 is 23 MPa, and the pressure loading time is 25 min.

[0055] A magnetron sputtering dry process nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material manufactured by adopting the above-mentioned magnetron sputtering dry process nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material preparation process.

[0056] Embodiment 5: A process for preparing an aluminum-based composite material reinforced with nickel-coated silicon carbide by magnetron sputtering dry process, comprising the following steps: Step S1, pressing and molding: putting silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process and aluminum powder into a mold for pressing and molding to obtain a blank; Step S2, re-pressing: placing the preform produced in step S1 in a re-pressing sintering furnace under inert gas protection, and continuously re-pressing at a temperature 200° C. higher than the melting point of aluminum to obtain a nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material.

[0057] The mass ratio of the silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by dry method of magnetron sputtering and the aluminum powder in step S1 is 2.41:1; the specific process parameters of the pressing molding in step S1 are: pressure 200MPa, temperature 660°C, holding time 5min, and cooling method is furnace cooling; the mold in step S1 is an ordinary Cr12MoV steel mold that has been quenched and tempered.

[0058] The method for preparing silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process in step S1 comprises the following steps: Step D1: drying the silicon carbide powder at a constant temperature of 105° C. for 0.8 h, ball-milling the powder for 0.5 h after drying, and activating the ball-milled silicon carbide powder using a vacuum plasma cleaning activation process; Step D2: A transition coating layer is firstly sputtered on the surface of the activated silicon carbide powder by a magnetron sputtering method, and then metal nickel is sputtered until the total coating thickness is 20 μm.

[0059] The average powder particle size of the silicon carbide powder in step D1 is 50 μm; during the activation treatment in step D1 and the sputtering of metal nickel in step D2, the silicon carbide powder is in an ultrasonic vibration environment.

[0060] The specific parameters of the activation treatment described in step D1 are: the protective atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 1.0Pa, the drying time is 30min, the temperature is room temperature, the power is 600W, and the bias voltage is 200V; the transition coating layer described in step D2 is formed by stacking Cr; the thickness of the transition coating layer is 1μm; the specific parameters of the sputtering transition coating layer described in step D2 are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 2.0Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 2500W, the sputtering time is 120min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C; the specific parameters of the sputtering metal nickel are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 2.0Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 2500W, the sputtering time is 120min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C.

[0061] The inert gas in step S2 is argon; the pressure of the re-pressurization in step S2 is 25 MPa, and the pressure loading time is 30 min.

[0062] A magnetron sputtering dry process nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material manufactured by adopting the above-mentioned magnetron sputtering dry process nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material preparation process.

[0063] Comparative Example 1 A magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a preparation process thereof are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that there is no activation treatment step.

[0064] Comparative Example 2 A magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material and a preparation process thereof are basically the same as those in Example 1, except that the silicon carbide powder is not placed in an ultrasonic vibration environment during the activation treatment and sputtering of metal nickel.

[0065] In order to further illustrate the beneficial technical effects of the aluminum-based composite material products reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide involved in each embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum-based composite materials reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide prepared in each example were subjected to relevant performance tests. The test results are shown in Table 1, and the test method is as follows: (1) Thermal conductivity: The thermal conductivity of each composite material was tested in accordance with GB / T 22588-2008 at a test temperature of 100°C.

[0066] (2) Tensile strength: A room temperature tensile test was carried out in accordance with GB / T 228.1-2021 to determine the tensile strength of each aluminum-based composite product.

[0067] Table 1 Tensile strength and thermal conductivity of aluminum matrix composites obtained from different implementation cases

[0068] From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide prepared in the present invention has excellent mechanical properties and thermal conductivity; the activation treatment and the silicon carbide powder in the process of activation treatment and sputtering metal nickel are in an ultrasonic vibration environment, which is beneficial to improving the above properties.

[0069] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for preparing an aluminum-based composite material reinforced with nickel-coated silicon carbide by magnetron sputtering dry method, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, pressing and molding: putting silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process and aluminum powder into a mold for pressing and molding to obtain a blank; Step S2, re-pressing: placing the blank prepared in step S1 in a re-pressing sintering furnace under inert gas protection, and continuously re-pressing at a temperature ranging from 50°C below the melting point of aluminum to 200°C above the melting point of aluminum to obtain a nickel-coated silicon carbide reinforced aluminum-based composite material.

2. The process for preparing the aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry method to the aluminum powder in step S1 is (0.26-2.5):

1.

3. The process for preparing the aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing method in step S1 is cold pressing or warm pressing.

4. The process for preparing the aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process parameters of the pressing molding in step S1 are: pressure 70-200MPa, temperature 260-660°C, insulation time 3-5min, and furnace cooling; the mold in step S1 is an ordinary Cr12MoV steel mold that has been quenched and tempered.

5. The process for preparing the aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry nickel-coated silicon carbide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing silicon carbide particles coated with nickel by magnetron sputtering dry process in step S1 comprises the following steps: Step D1: drying the silicon carbide powder at a constant temperature of 95-105° C. for 0.5-0.8 h, ball-milling the powder for 0.5 h after drying, and activating the ball-milled silicon carbide powder using a vacuum plasma cleaning activation process; Step D2: using a magnetron sputtering method to first sputter a transition coating layer on the surface of the activated silicon carbide powder, and then sputtering metal nickel until the total coating thickness is 2-20 μm.

6. The process for preparing the aluminum-based composite material reinforced by dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide by magnetron sputtering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The average powder particle size of the silicon carbide powder in step D1 is 50nm-50μm.

7. The process for preparing the aluminum-based composite material reinforced by dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide by magnetron sputtering according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the activation treatment in step D1 and the sputtering of metallic nickel in step D2, the silicon carbide powder is in an environment where one or more states of ultrasonic vibration, mechanical vibration, mechanical stirring, and multiphase fluidization are superimposed; the specific parameters of the activation treatment in step D1 are: the protective atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 0.5-1.0Pa, the drying time is 5-30min, the temperature is room temperature, the power is 200-600W, and the bias voltage is 80-200V.

8. The process for preparing the aluminum-based composite material reinforced by dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide by magnetron sputtering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transition coating layer described in step D2 is composited or laminated by at least one of Cr, NiCr, and SiAl; the thickness of the transition coating layer is 0.1-1μm; the specific parameters of the sputtering transition coating layer in step D2 are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 0.2-2.0Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 500-2500W, the sputtering time is 10-120min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C; the specific parameters of the sputtering metal nickel are: the working atmosphere is Ar, the working gas pressure is 0.2-2.0Pa, the magnetron sputtering power is 500-2500W, the sputtering time is 10-120min, and the vacuum chamber heating temperature is below 50°C.

9. The process for preparing the aluminum-based composite material reinforced by dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide by magnetron sputtering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inert gas in step S2 is any one of nitrogen, helium, neon and argon; the pressure of the re-pressurization in step S2 is 5-25 MPa, and the pressure loading time is 5-30 min.

10. An aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide, prepared by the process for preparing an aluminum-based composite material reinforced by magnetron sputtering dry-process nickel-coated silicon carbide according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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