Tritium feeding system of fusion device and control method of tritium feeding system

Abstract

The invention discloses a tritium feeding system of a fusion device and a control method of the tritium feeding system, and relates to the technical field of controlled nuclear fusion device feeding, and the tritium feeding system comprises a negative pressure containing operation space and a tritium gas transmission pipeline located in the negative pressure containing operation space; the tritium gas transmission pipeline is located in the negative pressure containing operation space, and a gas storage device, a first pressure controller and a first pipeline barometer are sequentially arranged on the tritium gas transmission pipeline in the gas transmission direction of the tritium gas transmission pipeline; the gas storage device is used for storing gas in the tritium gas transmission pipeline; the first pressure controller is used for controlling the internal air pressure of the tritium gas transmission pipeline; the first pipeline barometer is used for detecting the pipeline air pressure at the front end of the injection valve; and the air storage device is provided with a second pipeline barometer for detecting the air pressure in the air storage device. Under a low-pressure working mode and a conventional pressure intensity working mode, the tritium feeding efficiency can be guaranteed, and efficient injection is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of feeding a controlled nuclear fusion device, and in particular to a tritium feeding system of a fusion device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In controlled nuclear fusion research, fueling is a basic system with important functions such as different fuels and controlling plasma operation. Among them, tritium fuel is an indispensable and important fuel for fusion devices that can achieve core-level parameters, so it is very important to achieve good tritium fueling control. At present, the conventional tritium fueling method mainly exists in the form of gas fueling, and for safety reasons, the system pipeline pressure of tritium fueling is usually required to be below one atmosphere; low gas pressure may affect the effect of fueling, especially the depth of fueling, thereby affecting the fueling efficiency. On the other hand, low fueling efficiency means that a lot of tritium gas is adsorbed by the wall or pumped away by the vacuum pump group and enters the exhaust gas or tritium circulation system, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of tritium control and treatment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a tritium feeding system for a fusion device and a control method thereof, which can ensure tritium feeding efficiency and achieve efficient injection under the supply of a low-pressure gas source.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A tritium feeding system for a fusion device, comprising:

[0006] A negative pressure containment operation space, and a tritium gas transmission pipeline located in the negative pressure containment operation space; the inlet end of the tritium gas transmission pipeline passes through the negative pressure containment operation space and is connected to an external gas supply end, and the outlet end of the tritium gas transmission pipeline passes through the negative pressure containment operation space and is connected to an external injection valve;

[0007] The tritium gas transmission pipeline is provided with a gas storage device, a first pressure controller and a first pipeline barometer in sequence along its own gas transmission direction; the gas storage device is used to store gas inside the tritium gas transmission pipeline; the first pressure controller is used to control the internal air pressure of the tritium gas transmission pipeline; the first pipeline barometer is used to detect the pipeline air pressure at the front end of the injection valve; the gas storage device is provided with a second pipeline barometer for detecting its own internal air pressure;

[0008] The negative pressure containment operation space has a negative pressure inside, and its pressure is lower than the internal pressure value of the tritium gas transmission pipeline, the gas storage device, the first pressure controller and the first pipeline barometer, and the tritium gas transmission pipeline, the gas storage device, the first pressure controller and the first pipeline barometer are all located in the negative pressure containment operation space;

[0009] The first pressure controller is used to control the output pressure of the gas storage device to maintain a set threshold;

[0010] When there is a deviation between the pressure value detected by any one of the first pipeline barometer and the second pipeline barometer and a set threshold, the first pressure controller is used to increase or decrease the output pressure of the gas storage device according to the deviation value;

[0011] The injection valve can operate in a low-pressure mode and a normal-pressure operating mode, wherein the low-pressure mode has a pressure greater than 0.5 bar and less than 1 bar, and the normal-pressure operating mode has a pressure greater than or equal to 1 bar.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the conventional tritium feeding method mainly exists in the form of gas feeding, and for safety reasons, the system pipeline pressure of tritium feeding is usually required to be below one atmosphere; low pressure may affect the effect of feeding, especially the depth of feeding, thereby affecting the feeding efficiency. On the other hand, low feeding efficiency means that a lot of tritium gas is adsorbed by the wall or pumped away by the vacuum pump group and enters the exhaust gas or tritium circulation system, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of tritium control and treatment. The present invention provides a tritium feeding system and control method for a fusion device. Through remote pressure regulation, the injection valve can work under normal pressure, and can also obtain good tritium feeding effect when the gas source pressure is lower than the required limit of one atmosphere, so as to ensure the tritium feeding efficiency and achieve efficient injection in the low-pressure gas source mode, which plays an important role in the feeding of fusion devices and boundary particle control.

[0013] The specific scheme includes a negative pressure containment operation space, and the internal air pressure of the negative pressure containment operation space is usually kept constant at a negative pressure state lower than the pressure of the environment and the internal pressure of the components, so that the overall system will not leak to the outside in a short time. The internal tritium gas transmission pipeline is in a negative pressure space; a gas supply end is connected to one end of the tritium gas transmission pipeline passing through the negative pressure containment operation space, and the gas supply end is used to provide fuel gas to the tritium gas transmission pipeline; an injection valve is connected to the other end of the gas transmission pipeline passing through the negative pressure containment operation space, and the valve power controller is connected and receives its control signal instructions. In order to ensure the fuel beam performance during the injection of tritium fuel, the injection valve adopts a Laval nozzle or a Laval nozzle-like structure, and the outlet end is often a vacuum chamber of the fusion device. A gas storage device, a first pressure controller and a first pipeline barometer are sequentially arranged on the tritium gas transmission pipeline inside the negative pressure containment operation space, wherein the gas storage device may be a gas storage tank for storing gas and increasing gas pressure; the first pressure controller is used to receive instructions from the acquisition and central controller unit, and control the gas pressure output from the rear end of the gas storage tank to reach a set threshold, so that the gas at the set threshold pressure is delivered to the injection valve to increase the gas pressure and improve the tritium feeding efficiency, and the first pipeline barometer is used to detect the gas pressure after pressurization. In addition, the gas storage device is also provided with a second pipeline barometer, and the first pipeline barometer and the second pipeline barometer are both used to transmit the detection signal to the acquisition and central controller unit, and the detection analysis and pressure control of the fuel gas are realized through the analysis of the acquisition and central controller unit.

[0014] When the fuel gas pressure in the pipeline is high, in order to reduce the fuel gas pressure at the gas delivery end, an air pump and a tritium circulation system are also included, the air pump is located outside the negative pressure containment operation space, the air pump extends into the negative pressure containment operation space through the air pumping pipeline, and is connected to the tritium gas transmission pipeline at the rear end of the first pressure controller. The air pump is a vacuum air pump, and is connected to the tritium circulation system to maintain a vacuum pumping state for a long time.

[0015] In order to control the fuel gas pressure in the exhaust pipeline, a second pressure controller is provided on the exhaust pipeline located inside the negative pressure containment operation space. The first pressure controller and the second pressure controller are both connected to the acquisition and central controller and receive control signal instructions. Usually, the pressure controller should be in a normally closed state when there is no working instruction, or a separate normally closed stop valve can realize this function. The acquisition and central processing unit can respond to external signal requirements and measurement unit signals, and send control signals such as pressure, pulse width, and frequency to the actuator.

[0016] In order to protect the tritium gas transmission pipeline and prevent tritium gas from leaking to the outside, the tritium gas transmission pipeline and the exhaust pipeline outside the negative pressure containment operation space are coaxially sleeved with protective pipelines, and the interiors of several of the protective pipelines are filled with protective gas. Among them, the protective gas is in a negative pressure state, that is, a protective gas lower than the ambient pressure and the pressure of the transmission pipeline. The protective gas in the three protective pipelines can be different gases, but it cannot be the same gas detected by the gas detector. Helium or nitrogen can usually be selected, preferably nitrogen. The gas supply end can be a discrete gas supply or an integrated gas supply to be able to supply the working fluid and the protective pipeline gas.

[0017] In order to detect the internal gas of the negative pressure containment operation space and the protection pipeline in real time, a first gas detector for detecting the internal gas is provided on the protection pipeline at the gas supply end; a second gas detector for detecting the internal gas is provided on the negative pressure containment operation space; and a third gas detector for detecting the internal gas is provided on the protection pipeline at the front end of the injection valve. In this scheme, the gas detected by the gas detector used cannot be the same as the protective gas. A tritium / oxygen detector for independent monitoring or a mass spectrometer for integrated detection can be used to detect tritium and oxygen; the first gas detector and the third gas detector are used to detect different sections of the protection pipeline; the second gas detector detects the negative pressure containment operation space; the signal of the gas detector is transmitted to the acquisition and central controller unit in real time. In addition, it is also equipped with a high-precision single gas alarm for signal warning. After the system warning alarm signal is issued, the tritium fuel can be quickly recovered through the exhaust system to ensure environmental safety.

[0018] As a redundancy solution, the first gas detector, the second gas detector and the third gas detector all use tritium / oxygen detectors or mass spectrometers.

[0019] As a redundant solution, the protective gas is helium or nitrogen.

[0020] In order to detect the internal air pressure of the protection pipeline and the pressure of the gas storage device, a third pipeline barometer for detecting the internal air pressure is also provided on the protection pipeline at the gas supply end; a fourth pipeline barometer for detecting the internal air pressure is provided on the negative pressure containment operation space; and a fifth pipeline barometer for detecting the internal air pressure is also provided on the protection pipeline at the front end of the injection valve. Among them, all barometer measurement signals are transmitted to the acquisition and central controller unit in real time. Due to the uncertainty of the ambient pressure, an absolute barometer should be used as the barometer.

[0021] As a further solution, the present invention also provides a control method for a tritium feeding system of a fusion device, including the following state controls:

[0022] (1) When there is no fuel gas in the tritium gas transmission pipeline or the fuel gas pressure is lower than a set threshold, the acquisition and central controller unit outputs an instruction to the first pressure controller so that the first pressure controller reaches the set threshold, and then the gas in the gas storage device is injected into the pipeline at the front end of the injection valve according to the set threshold. When the value of the first pipeline barometer reaches the set threshold, the first pressure controller is closed;

[0023] (2) When the second pipeline barometer detects that the internal air pressure of the gas storage device is lower than the set threshold, and the count values ​​of the first pipeline barometer and the second pipeline air pressure are consistent, the acquisition and central controller unit controls to close the first pressure controller, and then increases the air pressure at the air supply end until the internal air pressure of the gas storage device is the same as the set threshold. At this time, the air pressure at the air supply end is maintained and the first pressure controller is turned on.

[0024] (3) When the fuel gas pressure in the tritium gas transmission pipeline is higher than the set threshold, a command is sent to the second pressure controller through the acquisition and central controller unit, and the fuel gas is gradually extracted through the suction pump according to the set threshold until the value of the first pipeline barometer reaches the set threshold, and then the second pressure controller is closed;

[0025] It also includes the following cleaning status controls:

[0026] When it is necessary to purge the fuel gas inside the tritium gas transmission pipeline, open all valves on the tritium gas transmission pipeline and complete the back-pumping and recovery of the fuel gas at the gas supply end until the entire pipeline is in a vacuum state;

[0027] Then, the gas supply end fills the tritium gas transmission pipeline with a sweeping gas, and after the filling, controls the vacuum pump to extract the sweeping gas in the tritium gas transmission pipeline to a vacuum state;

[0028] The above-mentioned cleaning gas filling and extraction operations are performed multiple times until the tritium content detection value at the vacuum pump is lower than the limit value, and the cleaning work is completed.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention provides a tritium feeding system and control method for a fusion device, which uses a tritium ultrasonic molecular beam feeding system to adjust the pressure of the tritium fuel gas source and at the same time ensure that the performance of the feeding system can still be maintained under low-pressure tritium feeding, thereby providing protection for tritium feeding and operation control of the fusion device.

[0031] 2. The present invention provides a tritium feeding system and control method for a fusion device, which keeps the tritium gas source at a constant pressure below one atmosphere, and injects tritium fuel gas under external demand conditions to maintain a similar feeding efficiency under a high-pressure gas source; the gas source pressure can also be adjusted as required to achieve tritium fuel gas output and other types of gas output under different pressure requirements.

[0032] 3. The tritium feeding system and control method of a fusion device provided by the present invention adopt negative pressure space and double-layer containment and other measures to realize pipeline damage and tritium leakage monitoring, and take corresponding measures such as system shutdown and shutdown operation; it can also realize rapid recovery of tritium fuel through the exhaust system after the system early warning alarm signal is issued to ensure environmental safety; and it can also realize pipeline cleaning function to ensure the removal of residual gas in the pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 A connection diagram of the tritium feeding system provided by the present invention.

[0035] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0036] 110-gas supply end, 210-tritium gas transmission pipeline, 220-protection pipeline, 310-first gas detector, 320-second gas detector, 330-third gas detector, 410-third pipeline barometer, 420-second pipeline barometer, 430-fourth pipeline barometer, 440-first pipeline barometer, 450-fifth pipeline barometer, 510-gas storage device, 610-negative pressure containment operation space, 710-first pressure controller, 720-second pressure controller, 810-injection valve, 910-valve power controller, 1010-collection and central controller unit, 1110-vacuum pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1: This embodiment 1 provides a tritium feeding system for a fusion device, such as Figure 1As shown, including:

[0039] A negative pressure containment operation space 610, and a tritium gas transmission pipeline 210 located in the negative pressure containment operation space 610; the inlet end of the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210 passes through the negative pressure containment operation space 610 and is connected to an external gas supply end 110, and the outlet end of the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210 passes through the negative pressure containment operation space 610 and is connected to an external injection valve 810;

[0040] The tritium gas transmission pipeline 210 is provided with a gas storage device 510, a first pressure controller 710 and a first pipeline barometer 440 in sequence along its own gas transmission direction; the gas storage device 510 is used to store the gas inside the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210; the first pressure controller 710 is used to control the internal air pressure of the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210; the first pipeline barometer 440 is used to detect the pipeline air pressure at the front end of the injection valve 810; the gas storage device 510 is provided with a second pipeline barometer 420 for detecting its own internal air pressure;

[0041] The negative pressure containment operation space 610 has a negative pressure inside, and its pressure is lower than the internal pressure values ​​of the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210, the gas storage device 510, the first pressure controller 710 and the first pipeline barometer 440, and the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210, the gas storage device 510, the first pressure controller 710 and the first pipeline barometer 440 are all located in the negative pressure containment operation space 610;

[0042] The first pressure controller 710 is used to control the output pressure of the gas storage device 510 to maintain a set threshold;

[0043] When there is a deviation between the pressure value detected by any one of the first pipeline barometer 440 and the second pipeline barometer 420 and the set threshold, the first pressure controller 710 is used to increase or decrease the output pressure of the gas storage device 510 according to the deviation value;

[0044] The injection valve 810 can operate in a low-pressure mode and a normal-pressure operating mode. The low-pressure mode has a pressure greater than 0.5 bar and less than 1 bar, and the normal-pressure operating mode has a pressure greater than or equal to 1 bar.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the conventional tritium feeding method mainly exists in the form of gas feeding, and for safety reasons, the system pipeline pressure of tritium feeding is usually required to be below one atmosphere; low pressure may affect the effect of feeding, especially the depth of feeding, thereby affecting the feeding efficiency. On the other hand, low feeding efficiency means that a lot of tritium gas is adsorbed by the wall or pumped away by the vacuum pump 1110 group and enters the exhaust gas or tritium circulation system, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of tritium control and treatment. The present invention provides a tritium feeding system and control method for a fusion device. Through remote pressure regulation, the injection valve can work under normal pressure, and can also obtain good tritium feeding effect when the gas source pressure is lower than the required limit of one atmosphere, so as to ensure the tritium feeding efficiency and achieve efficient injection in the low-pressure gas source mode, which plays an important role in the feeding of fusion devices and boundary particle control.

[0046] The specific scheme includes a negative pressure containment operation space 610, and the internal air pressure of the negative pressure containment operation space 610 is usually kept constant at a negative pressure state lower than the pressure of the environment and the internal pressure of the components, so that the overall system will not leak to the outside in a short time. The internal tritium gas transmission pipeline 210 is in a negative pressure space; the end of the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210 passing through the negative pressure containment operation space 610 is connected to a gas supply end 110, and the gas supply end 110 is used to provide fuel gas for the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210; the other end of the gas transmission pipeline passing through the negative pressure containment operation space 610 is connected to an injection valve 810, and the valve power controller 910 is connected and receives its control signal instructions. In order to ensure the fuel beam performance during the injection of tritium fuel, the injection valve 810 adopts a Laval nozzle or a Laval nozzle-like structure, and the outlet end is often a fusion device vacuum chamber. A gas storage device 510, a first pressure controller 710 and a first pipeline barometer 440 are sequentially arranged on the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210 inside the negative pressure containment operation space 610, wherein the gas storage device 510 can be a gas storage tank, which is used to store gas and increase gas pressure; the first pressure controller 710 is used to receive instructions from the acquisition and central controller unit 1010, and control the gas pressure output from the rear end of the gas storage tank to reach a set threshold, so that the gas at the set threshold pressure is delivered to the injection valve 810 to increase the gas pressure and improve the tritium feeding efficiency, and the first pipeline barometer 440 is used to detect the gas pressure after pressurization. In addition, the gas storage device 510 is also provided with a second pipeline barometer 420, and the first pipeline barometer 440 and the second pipeline barometer 420 are both used to transmit the detection signal to the acquisition and central controller unit 1010, and the detection analysis and pressure control of the fuel gas are realized through the analysis of the acquisition and central controller unit 1010.

[0047] When the fuel gas pressure in the pipeline is high, in order to reduce the fuel gas pressure at the gas delivery end, an air pump 1110 and a tritium circulation system are also included, the air pump 1110 is located outside the negative pressure containment operation space 610, the air pump 1110 extends into the negative pressure containment operation space 610 through the air pumping pipeline, and is connected to the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210 at the rear end of the first pressure controller 710. Among them, the air pump 1110 is a vacuum air pump 1110, and is connected to the tritium circulation system to maintain a vacuum pumping state for a long time.

[0048] In order to control the fuel gas pressure in the exhaust pipeline, a second pressure controller 720 is provided on the exhaust pipeline inside the negative pressure containment operation space 610. Among them, the first pressure controller 710 and the second pressure controller 720 are both connected to the acquisition and central controller and receive their control signal instructions. Usually, the pressure controller should be in a normally closed state when there is no working instruction, or this function is realized by a separate normally closed stop valve. The acquisition and central processing unit can respond to external signal requirements and measurement unit signals, and send control signals such as pressure, pulse width, and frequency to the actuator.

[0049] In order to protect the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210 and prevent tritium gas from leaking to the outside, the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210 and the exhaust pipeline outside the negative pressure containment operation space 610 are coaxially sleeved with a protective pipeline 220, and the interiors of several of the protective pipelines 220 are filled with protective gas. Among them, the protective gas is in a negative pressure state, that is, a protective gas lower than the ambient pressure and the pressure of the transmission pipeline, lower than the atmospheric pressure, usually a protective gas between 0.5 bar and 1 bar. The protective gas in the three protective pipelines 220 can be different gases, but it cannot be the same gas detected by the gas detector. Helium or nitrogen can usually be selected, preferably nitrogen. The gas supply end 110 can be a discrete gas supply or an integrated gas supply to be able to supply the working fluid and the protective pipeline 220 gas.

[0050] In order to detect the internal gas of the negative pressure containment operation space 610 and the protection pipeline 220 in real time, the protection pipeline 220 at the gas supply end 110 is provided with a first gas detector 310 for detecting the internal gas; the negative pressure containment operation space 610 is provided with a second gas detector 320 for detecting the internal gas; the protection pipeline 220 at the front end of the injection valve 810 is provided with a third gas detector 330 for detecting the internal gas. In this scheme, the gas detected by the gas detector used cannot be the same as the protective gas. A tritium / oxygen detector for independent monitoring or a mass spectrometer for integrated detection can be used to detect tritium and oxygen; the first gas detector 310 and the third gas detector 330 are used to detect different sections of the protection pipeline 220; the second gas detector 320 detects the negative pressure containment operation space 610; the signal of the gas detector is transmitted to the acquisition and central controller unit 1010 in real time. In addition, it is also equipped with a high-precision single gas alarm for signal warning. After the system warning alarm signal is issued, the tritium fuel can be quickly recovered through the exhaust system to ensure environmental safety.

[0051] As a redundancy solution, the first gas detector 310 , the second gas detector 320 , and the third gas detector 330 all use tritium / oxygen detectors or mass spectrometers.

[0052] As a redundant solution, the protective gas is helium or nitrogen.

[0053] In order to detect the internal air pressure of the protection pipeline 220 and the pressure of the gas storage device 510, a third pipeline barometer 410 for detecting the internal air pressure is provided on the protection pipeline 220 at the gas supply end 110; a fourth pipeline barometer 430 for detecting the internal air pressure is provided on the negative pressure containing operation space 610; and a fifth pipeline barometer 450 for detecting the internal air pressure is provided on the protection pipeline 220 at the front end of the injection valve 810. Among them, all barometer measurement signals are transmitted to the acquisition and central controller unit 1010 in real time. Due to the uncertainty of the ambient pressure, the barometer should preferably be an absolute barometer.

[0054] Embodiment 2: Embodiment 2 is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 1, and provides a control method for a tritium feeding system of a fusion device, including the following state controls:

[0055] The first control method is to increase the fuel gas pressure in the pipeline in front of the injection valve 810;

[0056] When there is no fuel gas in the pipeline or the fuel gas pressure is low, the fuel gas pressure at the gas delivery end needs to be increased. First, the target pressure is set in the acquisition and central controller unit 1010, and the acquisition and central controller unit 1010 transmits the instruction to the first pressure controller 710, and starts to inject fuel gas from the gas storage tank into the front pipeline of the injection valve 810 according to the preset pressure to increase the gas pressure. When the value of the pressure gauge first pipeline barometer 440 reaches the preset value, the acquisition and central controller unit 1010 sends an instruction to close the first pressure controller 710. The second pressure controller 720 is in a closed state throughout the process.

[0057] In particular, when the pressure of the gas tank measured by the second pipeline barometer 420 is less than the preset pressure in the collection and central controller unit 1010, the preset pressure value cannot be reached. At this time, when the collection and central controller unit 1010 collects the measurement value of the first pipeline barometer 440, which is consistent with the measurement value of the second pipeline barometer 420, the collection and central controller unit 1010 sends an instruction to close the first pressure controller 710, that is, only the same pressure can be reached. If it is necessary to continue to increase to the preset pressure, the air pressure at the air supply end 110 needs to be increased, thereby increasing the air pressure of the gas tank.

[0058] The second control method: reducing the fuel gas pressure in the pipeline in front of the injection valve 810;

[0059] When the fuel gas pressure in the pipeline is high, the fuel gas pressure at the gas delivery end needs to be reduced. First, the target pressure is collected and set in the acquisition and central controller unit 1010, and the acquisition and central controller unit 1010 transmits the instruction to the second pressure controller 720, and starts to discharge the fuel gas in the pipeline at the front end of the injection valve 810 to the suction pump 1110 according to the preset pressure, thereby reducing the fuel gas pressure.

[0060] On the basis of the first control method and the second control method mentioned above, the following multiple control methods can also be implemented.

[0061] The third control method: maintaining the fuel gas pressure in the pipeline in front of the injection valve 810;

[0062] The fuel gas pressure in the pipeline needs to be maintained near a constant value, such as 0.9 bar required for tritium gas addition in some devices. At this time, the acquisition and central controller unit 1010 collects and determines the pressure state of the first pipeline barometer 440 in real time. If the gas pressure is lower than the gas pressure of 0.9 bar to be maintained, the specific steps in the first control method are executed to increase the gas pressure to 0.9 bar; if the gas pressure is higher than the gas pressure of 0.9 bar to be maintained, the specific steps in the second control method are executed to reduce the gas pressure to 0.9 bar.

[0063] The fourth control mode: tritium fuel injection under conventional low-pressure working mode (greater than 0.5 bar and less than 1 bar);

[0064] The pressure of tritium fuel gas in the pipeline needs to be maintained at 0.9 bar. First, the acquisition and central controller unit 1010 sets the working parameters of the injection valve 810, such as pulse width and frequency, and transmits the signal to the valve power controller 910. The valve power controller 910 compiles the signal into an electrical signal that can execute actions and transmits it to the injection valve 810. The injection valve 810 works according to the electrical signal waveform and outputs gas to the outside. After the injection valve 810 works, the gas is ejected into the fusion device and other components, and the fuel gas pressure in the front pipeline of the injection valve 810 decreases. Then, the specific steps in the first control method are executed to increase the fuel gas pressure in the front pipeline of the injection valve 810 to 0.9 bar.

[0065] In particular, if the first pressure controller 710 fails or has reduced sensitivity, so that the fuel gas pressure in the pipeline in front of the injection valve 810 is higher than 0.9 bar, the second pressure controller 720 starts to work.

[0066] The fifth control method: tritium fuel injection in an unconventional high-pressure operating mode;

[0067] If the amount of tritium involved is small or local high pressure operation is allowed or other conditions allow the pipeline tritium fuel to have a higher working pressure, the pressure at the front end of the injection valve 810 can be increased to a preset value through the specific operation steps in the first control mode. The injection of high pressure tritium fuel can be achieved by using the specific operation steps in the fourth control mode.

[0068] The sixth control method: pipeline damage monitoring and disposal;

[0069] The pipeline damage or tritium gas leakage will be detected and handled. The acquisition and central controller unit 1010 acquires the signals of the first gas detector 310, the second gas detector 320 and the third gas detector 330, and the third pipeline barometer 410, the fourth pipeline barometer 430 and the fifth pipeline barometer 450 in real time.

[0070] If the pressures of the third pipeline barometer 410, the fourth pipeline barometer 430 and the fifth pipeline barometer 450 are found to be significantly deviated from the normal value during the acquisition and monitoring of the central controller unit 1010, and the first gas detector 310, the second gas detector 320 and the third gas detector 330 do not detect oxygen and tritium signals, it may be that the protective gas supply circuit is unstable or faulty, which needs to be checked and processed.

[0071] If the acquisition and central controller unit 1010 detects that the first gas detector 310 detects an oxygen signal, the gas supply end 110 of the protection pipeline 220 may be damaged. At this time, the third pipeline barometer 410 does not change significantly or increases, and needs to be checked and maintained. If the first gas detector 310 detects a tritium signal, the gas supply end 110 of the protection pipeline 220 may be damaged. At this time, the third pipeline barometer 410 does not change significantly or increases, and the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210 fuel gas supply source needs to be cut off immediately, and it is judged to take measures such as shutting down, and the vacuum pump 1110 evacuating the pipeline gas.

[0072] Similarly, if the data collection and central controller unit 1010 detects similar phenomena in the second gas detector 320 or the third gas detector 330, the above response measures are taken.

[0073] The seventh control method: fuel gas pipeline cleaning;

[0074] When the fuel gas pipeline needs to be purged, the gas supply end 110 has completed the back-pumping and recovery of the fuel gas pipeline, the entire pipeline is in a vacuum state, and the gas supply end 110 has switched to the purge gas. The acquisition and central controller unit 1010 issues a pipeline cleaning instruction. The gas supply end 110 flushes the purge gas into the tritium gas transmission pipeline 210, and all the normally closed valves from the pipeline to the vacuum pump 1110 are opened, and the first pressure controller 710 and the second pressure controller 720 are normally open. The vacuum pump 1110 extracts the purge gas in the pipeline to a vacuum state. Perform the above operation multiple times until the tritium content detection of the vacuum pump 1110 section reaches below the limit.

[0075] Through the above scheme, not only can the functions of overpressure identification, pressure regulation, pressure maintenance, and efficient injection in low-pressure working mode and normal working mode be realized; it can also realize effective tritium containment, pipeline damage or leakage monitoring and early warning functions; and can realize pipeline cleaning function after fuel injection. The system is mainly suitable for low-pressure tritium feeding injection, and is also compatible with other injection functions of different air pressures and gases.

[0076] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tritium feeding system for a fusion device, characterized in that: include: A negative pressure containment operation space (610), and a tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) located in the negative pressure containment operation space (610); the inlet end of the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) passes through the negative pressure containment operation space (610) and is connected to an external gas supply end (110), and the outlet end of the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) passes through the negative pressure containment operation space (610) and is connected to an external injection valve (810); The tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) is provided with a gas storage device (510), a first pressure controller (710) and a first pipeline barometer (440) in sequence along its gas transmission direction; the gas storage device (510) is used to store gas inside the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210); the first pressure controller (710) is used to control the internal air pressure of the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210); the first pipeline barometer (440) is used to detect the pipeline air pressure at the front end of the injection valve (810); The gas storage device (510) is provided with a second pipeline barometer (420) for detecting the internal air pressure thereof; The negative pressure containment operation space (610) has a negative pressure inside, and its pressure is lower than the internal pressure values ​​of the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210), the gas storage device (510), the first pressure controller (710) and the first pipeline barometer (440), and the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210), the gas storage device (510), the first pressure controller (710) and the first pipeline barometer (440) are all located in the negative pressure containment operation space (610); The first pressure controller (710) is used to control the output pressure of the gas storage device (510) to maintain a set threshold; When there is a deviation between the pressure value detected by any one of the first pipeline barometer (440) and the second pipeline barometer (420) and a set threshold, the first pressure controller (710) is used to increase or decrease the output pressure of the gas storage device (510) according to the deviation value; The injection valve (810) can operate in a low-pressure mode and a normal-pressure working mode, wherein the low-pressure mode has a pressure greater than 0.5 bar and less than 1 bar, and the normal-pressure working mode has a pressure greater than or equal to 1 bar.

2. A tritium feeding system for a fusion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an air pump (1110) and a tritium circulation system. The air pump (1110) is located outside the negative pressure containment operating space (610). The air pump (1110) extends into the negative pressure containment operating space (610) through an air pump pipeline and is connected to the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) at the rear end of the first pressure controller (710).

3. A tritium feeding system for a fusion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second pressure controller (720) is provided on the air extraction pipeline located inside the negative pressure containment operation space (610).

4. A tritium feeding system for a fusion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outsides of the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) and the exhaust pipeline located outside the negative pressure containment operation space (610) are coaxially sleeved with a protective pipeline (220), and the interiors of several of the protective pipelines (220) are filled with protective gas.

5. A tritium feeding system for a fusion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first gas detector (310) for detecting internal gas is provided on the protection pipeline (220) at the gas supply end (110); a second gas detector (320) for detecting internal gas is provided on the negative pressure containment operation space (610); and a third gas detector (330) for detecting internal gas is provided on the protection pipeline (220) at the front end of the injection valve (810).

6. A tritium feeding system for a fusion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first gas detector (310), the second gas detector (320) and the third gas detector (330) all adopt tritium / oxygen detectors or mass spectrometers.

7. A tritium feeding system for a fusion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protective gas is helium or nitrogen.

8. The tritium feeding system of a fusion device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third pipeline barometer (410) for detecting the internal air pressure is also provided on the protection pipeline (220) at the air supply end; a fourth pipeline barometer (430) for detecting the internal air pressure is provided on the negative pressure containment operation space (610); and a fifth pipeline barometer (450) for detecting the internal air pressure is also provided on the protection pipeline (220) at the front end of the injection valve (810).

9. The control method of a tritium feeding system of a fusion device according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: Includes the following status controls: (1) when there is no fuel gas in the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) or the fuel gas pressure is lower than a set threshold, the acquisition and central controller unit (1010) outputs an instruction to the first pressure controller (710) so that the first pressure controller (710) reaches the set threshold, and then the gas in the gas storage device (510) is injected into the pipeline in front of the injection valve (810) according to the set threshold; when the value of the first pipeline barometer (440) reaches the set threshold, the first pressure controller (710) is closed; (2) When the second pipeline barometer (420) detects that the internal air pressure of the gas storage device (510) is lower than the set threshold, and the values ​​of the first pipeline barometer (440) and the second pipeline barometer (420) are consistent, the data acquisition and central controller unit (1010) controls to close the first pressure controller (710), and then increases the air pressure at the air supply end (110) until the internal air pressure of the gas storage device (510) is the same as the set threshold. At this time, the air pressure at the air supply end (110) is maintained, and the first pressure controller (710) is opened. (3) When the fuel gas pressure in the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) is higher than the set threshold, an instruction is sent to the second pressure controller (720) through the acquisition and central controller unit (1010), and the fuel gas is gradually extracted through the vacuum pump (1110) according to the set threshold until the value of the first pipeline barometer (440) reaches the set threshold, and then the second pressure controller (720) is closed.

10. The control method of a tritium feeding system of a fusion device according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes the following cleaning status controls: When it is necessary to purge the inside of the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) for fuel gas, all valves on the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) are opened, and the fuel gas is pumped back and recovered at the gas supply end (110) until the entire pipeline is in a vacuum state; Then, the gas supply end (110) charges the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) with a purge gas, and after the charging, controls the vacuum pump (1110) to pump out the purge gas in the tritium gas transmission pipeline (210) to a vacuum state; The above-mentioned cleaning gas filling and extraction operations are performed multiple times until the tritium content detection value at the vacuum pump (1110) is lower than the limit value, and the cleaning work is completed.

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