Tool machine accessory chuck positioning mechanism

Abstract

A tool machine accessory chuck positioning mechanism has a base, a ring-shaped outer ring seat movably sleeved in the base, the outer ring seat being provided with a first oil pressure passage, an inner ring seat movably sleeved in the outer ring seat, an angle gear set including an angle lower gear fixed to a top surface of the outer ring seat and an angle upper gear, a driving gear set including a driving lower gear fixed to a top surface of the inner ring seat and a driving upper gear, a bearing seat sleeved in the inner ring seat and rotatable with the inner ring seat, and a control unit for switching the engagement state of the angle gear set and the driving gear set so that one of the angle gear set and the driving gear set at least maintains an engagement relationship. The tool machine accessory chuck positioning mechanism has the effect of improving machining precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the angle positioning mechanism of the accessory holder in a machine tool, and more particularly to a positioning mechanism that enables at least one set of gear discs to remain engaged and prevents the bearing seat from shifting angle. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional machine tools typically mount a clamping seat (e.g., a bearing housing) on ​​a positioning mechanism. This mechanism includes a fixed-angle gear set and a variable-angle drive gear set. To fix the positioning angle of a component (e.g., a workpiece, tool, or milling head), the positioning mechanism connects the bearing housing to the fixed-angle gear set, thus fixing the bearing housing's angle. Machining is performed while the fixed-angle gear set remains engaged. If the positioning angle needs to be adjusted during machining, the engagement of the fixed-angle gear set must be disengaged, the bearing housing disconnected from the fixed-angle gear set, and then connected to the drive gear set. The bearing housing then rotates with the drive gear set, allowing the operator to indirectly rotate the bearing housing to the desired angle by rotating the drive gear set. Finally, after the angle adjustment is complete, the connection between the bearing housing and the drive gear set is disengaged, and the bearing housing is reconnected to the fixed-angle gear set to fix the positioning angle.

[0003] When switching the connection between the bearing housing and the fixed-angle gear and the drive gear, a two-way valve (e.g., a two-way piston or a hydraulic solenoid valve) is usually used. However, during the switching stroke between the two gears, the bearing housing includes a short idle stroke. During this idle stroke, the bearing housing is not connected to any gear assembly. In other words, the bearing housing is separate from both the fixed-angle gear assembly and the drive gear assembly. Since connecting the gear assembly provides additional positioning, the angle of the bearing housing and the gear assembly is fixed or rotates synchronously, making it less likely for the bearing housing angle to shift. When the bearing housing is separated from both gear assemblies, if the weight of the clamped part is too heavy or the weight of the bearing housing is uneven, the bearing housing may deflect or even slip, causing the part angle to shift. As a result, the user must perform angle correction or even re-clamp the part. If the angle shift occurs and is not detected in time, it will cause defects in the processed parts, wasting manpower, materials, and time. Therefore, there is still room for improvement.

[0004] In view of this, how to improve the above-mentioned problems is the primary issue that this invention aims to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a positioning mechanism for a machine tool accessory clamp. The bearing housing is connected to both a fixed-angle gear set and a drive gear set. Two independently operating control valves control the meshing relationship of the gear sets, respectively corresponding to the two types of gear sets. This allows the meshing processes of the fixed-angle gear set and the drive gear set to be independent, eliminating the requirement for synchronous switching of the meshing relationship between the two gear sets. As a result, the bearing housing can always maintain a connection with at least one meshing gear set during the switching stroke, eliminating idle stroke. Thus, the bearing housing no longer shifts due to uneven weight distribution or accessory weight, thereby reducing the risk of angular deviation during switching of meshing relationships and improving the machining accuracy of the machine tool.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention provides a machine tool parts clamping and positioning mechanism, comprising:

[0007] A base, which is annular and has a first hydraulic channel, and a first recess is recessed on the inner edge of the top side of the base;

[0008] An outer ring seat is movably fitted into the base, and a first shoulder is provided on the top outer edge of the outer ring seat. The first shoulder and the first recess together form an annular first hydraulic space for storing the hydraulic pressure input from the first hydraulic channel. A second recess is provided on the top inner edge of the outer ring seat, and the outer ring seat is also provided with a second hydraulic channel.

[0009] A gear plate assembly with a fixed angle includes a lower gear plate with a fixed angle and a corresponding upper gear plate with a fixed angle. The lower gear plate with a fixed angle is fixed on the top surface of the outer ring seat and can mesh with the upper gear plate with the fixed angle as the outer ring seat is driven.

[0010] An inner ring seat is movably fitted into an outer ring seat. A second shoulder extends from the top outer edge of the inner ring seat. The second shoulder and the second recess together form an annular second hydraulic space for storing the hydraulic pressure input from the second hydraulic channel.

[0011] A drive gear assembly includes a lower drive gear and a corresponding upper drive gear. The lower drive gear is fixed to the top surface of the inner ring seat and can mesh with the upper drive gear as the inner ring seat is driven.

[0012] A bearing housing for clamping machine tool parts, the bearing housing being fitted into an inner ring housing and rotating with the inner ring housing; and

[0013] A control unit is used to switch the meshing state of the fixed-angle gear group and the drive gear group. When switching from the meshing state of the fixed-angle gear group to the meshing state of the drive gear group, oil pressure is first input from the second oil pressure channel to raise the inner ring seat in the second oil pressure space, thereby driving the lower drive gear to mesh with the upper drive gear. After a predetermined time, the oil pressure is released from the first oil pressure channel, causing the outer ring seat to sink and disengage the meshing relationship of the fixed-angle gear group. When switching from the meshing state of the drive gear group to the meshing state of the fixed-angle gear group, oil pressure is first input from the first oil pressure channel to raise the outer ring seat in the first oil pressure space, thereby driving the lower fixed-angle gear to mesh with the upper fixed-angle gear. After a predetermined time, the oil pressure is released from the second oil pressure channel, causing the inner ring seat to sink and disengage the meshing relationship of the drive gear group.

[0014] Preferably, the inner ring seat and the bearing seat together form a plurality of circular holes arranged in a ring, and each of the plurality of circular holes is provided with a guide pin, so that the bearing seat can only slide up and down relative to the inner ring seat, and cannot rotate relative to the inner ring seat.

[0015] Preferably, a protrusion is provided on the inner edge of the top side of the outer ring seat, and a protrusion is provided on the top surface of the inner ring seat opposite to it, with a reset element provided between the protrusion and the protrusion.

[0016] Preferably, the inlet end of the first hydraulic channel is located on the bottom surface of the base, and the outlet end is connected to the first hydraulic space.

[0017] Preferably, the inlet end of the second hydraulic channel is located on the bottom surface of the outer ring seat, and the outlet end is connected to the second hydraulic space.

[0018] With the tool accessory clamping positioning mechanism of the present invention, two independently actuated control valves ensure that the bearing seat is connected to at least one set of meshing gear discs, and there will be no situation where two gear discs are disengaged at the same time. Through the positioning effect of the gear discs, the risk of the bearing seat shifting due to uneven weight or self-weight of the accessory will be reduced, thereby enabling the present invention to improve machining accuracy.

[0019] The above-mentioned objects and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent from the following detailed description and accompanying drawings of the selected embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is an exploded perspective view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the processing of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the switching engagement state according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the angle adjustment process according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 3 The figure shows a machine tool accessory clamping positioning mechanism 1 provided by the present invention, which includes a base 10, an outer ring seat 20, a gear plate assembly 30 at a certain angle, an inner ring seat 40, a drive gear plate assembly 50, a bearing seat 60, and a control unit (not shown in the figure), wherein:

[0026] The base 10 is annular and has a first hydraulic channel 11. The inner edge of the top side of the base 10 is recessed with a first recess 12.

[0027] The outer ring seat 20 is movably fitted into the base 10, and the outer ring seat 20 is provided with a second hydraulic channel 21. A first shoulder 22 extends from the top outer edge of the outer ring seat 20. The first shoulder 22 and the first recess 12 together form a first hydraulic space 23 for storing the hydraulic pressure input from the first hydraulic channel 11. In this embodiment, the inlet end of the first hydraulic channel 11 is located on the bottom surface of the base 10, and the outlet end is connected to the first hydraulic space 23. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the outer ring seat 20 has a second recess 24 recessed on the inner edge of the top side and an annular protrusion 25 on the top surface, with the protrusion 25 covering the inner ring seat 40.

[0028] The fixed-angle gear plate assembly 30 includes a fixed-angle lower gear plate 31 and a corresponding fixed-angle upper gear plate 32. The fixed-angle lower gear plate 31 is fixed on the top surface of the outer ring seat 20 and can mesh with the fixed-angle upper gear plate 32 as the outer ring seat 20 is driven.

[0029] The inner ring seat 40 is movably fitted into the outer ring seat 20. A second shoulder 41 extends from the top outer edge of the inner ring seat 40. The second shoulder 41 and the second recess 24 together form a second hydraulic space 42 for storing the hydraulic pressure input from the second hydraulic channel 21. In this embodiment, the inlet end of the second hydraulic channel 21 is opened on the bottom surface of the outer ring seat 20, and the outlet end is connected to the second hydraulic space 42. A protrusion 43 is provided on the top surface of the inner ring seat 40 opposite to the protrusion 25. A reset element 44 is provided between the protrusion 25 and the protrusion 43. When the drive gear assembly 50 is engaged, the reset element 44 begins to accumulate elastic restoring force due to the pressure from the protrusion 25 and the protrusion 43. When the drive gear assembly 50 is disengaged, the elastic restoring force accumulated by the reset element 44 will push the inner ring seat 40 back onto the second shoulder 41 of the outer ring seat 20.

[0030] The drive gear assembly 50 includes a lower drive gear 51 and a corresponding upper drive gear 52. The lower drive gear 51 is fixed to the top surface of the inner ring seat 40 and can mesh with the upper drive gear 52 as the inner ring seat 40 is driven.

[0031] Bearing housing 60, used to clamp machine tool parts, is fitted within inner ring housing 40 and can rotate with inner ring housing 40. Preferably, as follows... Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner ring seat 40 and the bearing seat 60 together form a plurality of circular holes 61 arranged in a ring at their contact surfaces. Each of the plurality of circular holes 61 is provided with a guide pin 62. The guide pin 62 has a blocking effect, preventing the bearing seat 60 from rotating relative to the inner ring seat 40, thereby allowing the inner ring seat 40 to rotate synchronously with the bearing seat 60.

[0032] The control unit (not shown in the figure) is used to switch the meshing state of the fixed angle gear group 30 and the drive gear group 50. In this embodiment, it is programmed by a PLC to issue commands to the two sets of control valves, which input or release oil pressure through the first oil pressure channel 11 and the second oil pressure channel 21, respectively. The control unit is pre-programmed as follows:

[0033] When the engagement state of the fixed angle gear set 30 is switched to that of the drive gear set 50, oil pressure is first input from the second oil pressure channel 21 to raise the inner ring seat 40, thereby driving the lower drive gear set 51 to mesh with the upper drive gear set 52. After a predetermined time has passed, oil pressure is released from the first oil pressure channel 11 to cause the outer ring seat 20 to sink and release the engagement relationship of the fixed angle gear set 30.

[0034] When the engagement state of the drive gear assembly 50 is switched to that of the fixed-angle gear assembly 30, oil pressure is first input from the first oil pressure channel 11 to raise the outer ring seat 20 of the first oil pressure space 23, thereby driving the fixed-angle lower gear 31 to mesh with the fixed-angle upper gear 32. After a predetermined period of time, the oil pressure is released from the second oil pressure channel 21 to cause the inner ring seat 40 to sink and disengage the drive gear assembly 50.

[0035] Please see Figures 3 to 5 The operating sequence of the tool accessory clamping and positioning mechanism 1 of the present invention is described in detail below in actual use:

[0036] During normal processing, such as Figure 3 As shown, to fix the positioning angle of the bearing housing 60, the control element issues a command to cause the control valve to input oil pressure from the first oil pressure channel 11. The oil pressure accumulated in the first oil pressure space 23 lifts the outer ring seat 20 and drives the fixed angle lower gear 31 to mesh with the fixed angle upper gear 32. In this way, the fixed angle gear 30 completes the meshing and will remain in the meshing state during the processing.

[0037] When adjusting the positioning angle of the bearing housing 60, the engagement state of the fixed-angle gear assembly 30 must be switched to that of the drive gear assembly 50. First, the control element issues a command to cause the control valve to input oil pressure from the second oil pressure channel 21, causing the oil pressure in the second oil pressure space 42 to lift the inner ring seat 40, thereby driving the lower drive gear 51 to mesh with the upper drive gear 52. At this time, if... Figure 4 As shown, the fixed-angle gear assembly 30 and the drive gear assembly 50 are both in a meshed state. This state is maintained for a predetermined time (1 to 3 seconds in this embodiment) before the control valve is ordered to release oil pressure from the first oil pressure channel 11, causing the outer ring seat 20 to sink and disengage the fixed-angle gear assembly 30. Figure 5 As shown, only the drive gear assembly 50 is in the meshing state. Rotating the drive gear assembly 50 will also rotate the bearing housing 60 to the predetermined positioning angle.

[0038] When the bearing housing 60° angle adjustment is completed, and the engagement state of the drive gear assembly 50 needs to be switched to that of the fixed-angle gear assembly 30, firstly, the control element issues a command to the control valve to input oil pressure from the first oil pressure channel 11, causing the oil pressure in the first oil pressure space 23 to rise and lift the outer ring seat 20, thereby driving the fixed-angle lower gear 31 to mesh with the fixed-angle upper gear 32. At this time, if... Figure 4 As shown, both the fixed-angle gear assembly 30 and the drive gear assembly 50 are in a meshed state. This state is maintained for a predetermined time (1 to 3 seconds in this embodiment). After this time, the control unit issues a command to release oil pressure from the second oil pressure channel 21 through the control valve, causing the inner ring seat 40 to sink and disengage the drive gear assembly 50. Figure 3 As shown, only the fixed-angle gear assemblies 30 are in the meshing state, thus keeping the positioning angle of the bearing housing 60 fixed so that it can be re-machined.

[0039] It is worth mentioning that when adjusting the positioning angle of the bearing housing 60 to switch to the meshing relationship of the drive gear assembly 50, such as Figure 5 As shown, when the inner ring seat 40 is lifted by the oil pressure of the second oil pressure space 42, the reset element 44 located between the protrusion 25 and the protrusion 43 begins to deform and accumulate elastic restoring force due to the compression caused by the lifting of the inner ring seat 40. When the angle of the bearing seat 60 is adjusted and the meshing relationship of the fixed angle gear set 30 is switched back, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the inner ring seat 40 sinks due to the release of oil pressure in the second hydraulic space 42. The external force that was originally applied to the reset element 44 and canceled out the elastic restoring force is released, and the elastic restoring force pushes the inner ring seat 40 back to the second shoulder 41 of the outer ring seat 20.

[0040] Other structural elements not detailed in the foregoing description are based on conventional machine tool accessory clamping and positioning mechanisms. The relevant structural features are well known to those skilled in the art related to this invention and will not be elaborated here.

[0041] The positioning mechanism 1 for machine tool parts of the present invention controls the input and output of oil pressure in the first hydraulic channel 11 and the second hydraulic channel 21 by the control unit, so that the meshing or disengagement processes of the two gear disc assemblies are independent. Thus, during the switching of meshing relationship, at least one set of gear disc assemblies will remain meshed, thereby enabling the bearing seat 60 to achieve a positioning effect. This solves the problem of idle stroke during the switching process in conventional technology. The bearing seat 60 will reduce the risk of displacement due to uneven weight or excessive weight of the parts, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the present invention.

[0042] The above description describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles applied thereto. For those skilled in the art, any obvious changes such as equivalent transformations or simple substitutions based on the technical solutions of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning mechanism for a machine tool parts clamp, characterized in that, It contains: A base, which is annular and has a first hydraulic channel, has a first recessed portion recessed on the inner edge of its top side; An outer ring seat is movably fitted into the base, and the top outer edge of the outer ring seat extends to provide a first shoulder. The first shoulder and the first recess together form a first hydraulic space for storing the hydraulic pressure input from the first hydraulic channel. The top inner edge of the outer ring seat is recessed to provide a second recess, and the outer ring seat is also provided with a second hydraulic channel. A gear disk assembly with a fixed angle includes a lower gear disk with a fixed angle and a corresponding upper gear disk with a fixed angle. The lower gear disk with a fixed angle is fixed to the top surface of the outer ring seat and can mesh with the upper gear disk with the fixed angle as the outer ring seat is driven. An inner ring seat is movably fitted into the outer ring seat. The top outer edge of the inner ring seat extends to provide a second shoulder. The second shoulder and the second recess together form a second hydraulic space for storing the hydraulic pressure input from the second hydraulic channel. A drive gear assembly includes a lower drive gear and a corresponding upper drive gear. The lower drive gear is fixed to the top surface of the inner ring seat and can mesh with the upper drive gear as the inner ring seat is driven. A bearing housing for clamping machine tool parts, the bearing housing being fitted within an inner ring housing and rotating with the inner ring housing; and A control unit is used to switch the meshing state of the fixed-angle gear group and the drive gear group. When switching from the meshing state of the fixed-angle gear group to the meshing state of the drive gear group, oil pressure is first input from the second oil pressure channel to raise the inner ring seat, thereby driving the lower drive gear to mesh with the upper drive gear. After a predetermined time, oil pressure is released from the first oil pressure channel to cause the outer ring seat to sink and disengage the meshing relationship of the fixed-angle gear group. When switching from the meshing state of the drive gear group to the meshing state of the fixed-angle gear group, oil pressure is first input from the first oil pressure channel to raise the outer ring seat, thereby driving the lower fixed-angle gear to mesh with the upper fixed-angle gear. After a predetermined time, oil pressure is released from the second oil pressure channel to cause the inner ring seat to sink and disengage the meshing relationship of the drive gear group.

2. The machine tool parts clamping and positioning mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring seat and the bearing seat together form a plurality of circular holes arranged in a ring. Each of the plurality of circular holes is provided with a guide pin, so that the bearing seat can only slide up and down relative to the inner ring seat, but cannot rotate relative to the inner ring seat.

3. The machine tool parts clamping and positioning mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring seat has a protrusion on its top inner edge, and the inner ring seat has a protrusion on its top surface opposite to it. A reset element is provided between the protrusion and the protrusion.

4. The machine tool parts clamping and positioning mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the first hydraulic channel is located on the bottom surface of the base, and the outlet is connected to the first hydraulic space.

5. The machine tool parts clamping and positioning mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the second hydraulic channel is located on the bottom surface of the outer ring seat, and the outlet is connected to the second hydraulic space.

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