Ultrasonic-assisted solid-state hydrolysis online hydrogen production device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an ultrasonic-assisted solid-state water electrolysis online hydrogen production device and method. The device includes a water electrolysis reactor and a water tank, with the reactor fixedly installed in the water tank. The lower part of the reactor is filled with a bed of water electrolysis material. A hydrogen outlet is located at the upper end of the reactor, and a water inlet is located at the lower end. A peristaltic pump is connected to the reactor inlet and is located in the water tank. An ultrasonic transducer is installed on the outer wall or bottom surface of the reactor. By installing an ultrasonic transducer on the outside of the reactor, the high-frequency vibration of the ultrasonic bed during the water electrolysis process effectively reduces the non-uniform water diffusion caused by material agglomeration, adhesion, and byproduct coverage. This allows water to diffuse uniformly to the material surface, resulting in a stable hydrogen production reaction and improving the stability of hydrogen supply. Ultrasonic waves also enhance the thermal conductivity of the water electrolysis material bed, improving the thermal management of the reactor during the water electrolysis process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of online hydrogen supply equipment, specifically relating to an ultrasonic-assisted solid-state water electrolysis online hydrogen production device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the research and application of clean energy has received widespread attention. Hydrogen energy, as a new type of energy carrier with high calorific value and zero emissions, occupies a key position in the future energy transition. Traditional hydrogen energy application technologies generally suffer from high transportation costs and inconvenient storage, which significantly limit the development of hydrogen energy. Therefore, online hydrogen supply equipment, as an innovative form of hydrogen energy application, is gradually becoming an important component of the hydrogen energy field.

[0003] First, the main characteristics of online hydrogen production devices are their compact size, flexibility, high efficiency, and energy saving. These devices not only enable real-time hydrogen supply but also reduce energy losses during production and transmission, further improving the utilization efficiency of hydrogen energy. Second, the research and application of online hydrogen supply equipment can circumvent the bottleneck problem of hydrogen storage, providing fast, safe, and high-purity hydrogen directly on-site for various hydrogen-using applications. Therefore, this technology shows great application potential in mobile devices, field emergency energy, and hydrogen medicine.

[0004] Solid-state hydrolysis is a process in which water reacts chemically with various solid lightweight hydrolysable materials to produce hydrogen. Compared to traditional hydrogen production methods, this technology has advantages such as milder reaction, higher product purity, and recyclable waste.

[0005] Portable online hydrogen production equipment can achieve efficient hydrogen production within a small device by applying this technology, thus meeting the requirements of online hydrogen production equipment. Currently, common solid light hydrolysis materials mainly include MgH2, NaBH4, LiBH4, Al, etc. However, due to the slow self-hydrolysis rate of these materials, they usually need to be mixed with solid catalysts to prepare hydrolysis materials that meet the hydrogen supply requirements. Therefore, in order to further improve the hydrogen production performance of materials, a large number of studies have focused on the development of high-efficiency catalysts (Chemical Engineering Journal, 2023, 474:145772; Journal of PowerSources, 2023, 564:232809;) and nano-modification (Crystals, 2022, 12(10):1376;). Through these measures, the current hydrolysis materials have basically achieved high activity and fast hydrogen production, meeting the requirements of online hydrogen supply equipment for hydrolysis materials. However, the biggest challenge for such equipment is not only the preparation of high-efficiency hydrolysis hydrogen production materials, but also the extremely high requirements for hydrogen production devices. Because solid-state hydrolysis is strongly exothermic, it is highly susceptible to runaway reactions. Furthermore, the hydrogen produced during these runaway phases can carry solid hydrolysis material powder, leading to contamination of downstream hydrogen-using equipment. This phenomenon severely limits the development and application of online hydrolysis hydrogen production technology (Fuel, 2023, 350:128777). In addition, material agglomeration and adhesion during hydrolysis, as well as hydrolysis byproducts covering fresh materials, significantly affect hydrogen production stability, increase water consumption, and reduce the energy storage density of the device (International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2023, 48:29682–29698). Therefore, a device that combines reactor thermal management, highly stable hydrogen supply, and low water consumption is needed to meet the requirements of portable online hydrogen supply equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an ultrasonic-assisted solid-state water electrolysis online hydrogen production device and method to solve the problems of difficult hydrogen production control, poor hydrogen supply stability, and high water consumption in existing water electrolysis hydrogen production devices. This invention innovatively applies ultrasonic technology to solid-state water electrolysis, using high-frequency vibrations to improve material agglomeration and byproduct coverage, and utilizing the acoustic cavitation effect of ultrasound to accelerate hydrogen escape. Through design optimization of the overall device structure, this invention provides a stable, on-demand hydrogen production, and high-energy-density solid-state water electrolysis online hydrogen production device and method for the field of online hydrogen supply.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: An ultrasonic-assisted solid-state water electrolysis online hydrogen production device includes a water electrolysis reactor and a water tank, wherein the water electrolysis reactor is fixedly installed in the water tank; The lower part of the hydrolysis reactor is filled with a bed of hydrolysis material, the upper end of the hydrolysis reactor is provided with a hydrogen outlet, and the lower end is provided with a reactor inlet; the reactor inlet is connected to a peristaltic pump, which is located in a water tank. An ultrasonic transducer is installed on the outer wall or bottom surface of the hydrolysis reactor.

[0008] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer is located at the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor.

[0009] Furthermore, when there are multiple ultrasonic transducers, they are arranged symmetrically or in an array at the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor.

[0010] Furthermore, a demister is installed inside the hydrolysis reactor, and the demister is located above the hydrolysis material bed.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydrogen outlet includes a first hydrogen outlet and a second hydrogen outlet. The first hydrogen outlet is connected to a safety valve and a pressure gauge, and the pressure gauge is connected to a control system and a peristaltic pump. The second hydrogen outlet is connected to a hydrogen-using device.

[0012] Furthermore, a condenser and a water scrubber are sequentially installed between the second hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen-using equipment, with the hydrogen outlet of the water scrubber connected to the hydrogen-using equipment.

[0013] Furthermore, a water level sensor is installed on the side wall of the washing machine, and a water outlet is installed on the lower part of the side wall of the washing machine, which is connected to the water inlet of the water tank; a solenoid valve is installed on the pipeline between the water outlet and the water inlet of the water tank. The water level sensor and the solenoid valve are connected by electrical signals.

[0014] Furthermore, the water tank is provided with two water inlets; one water inlet is located at the top of the water tank and is connected to the water inlet pipe; the other water inlet is located on the side wall of the water tank and is connected to the water outlet of the washing device.

[0015] Furthermore, the reactor inlet is located at the center of the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor, and the peristaltic pump is located below the reactor inlet.

[0016] An ultrasound-assisted solid-state water electrolysis method for online hydrogen production includes the following steps: The power supply unit supplies power to the peristaltic pump and the ultrasonic transducer. The peristaltic pump pumps water from the tank into the hydrolysis reactor, and the ultrasonic transducer emits sound waves into the hydrolysis material bed. A chemical reaction occurs in the hydrolysis material bed to produce hydrogen, and the sound waves cause the hydrolysis material bed to vibrate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In this invention, a hydrolysis material bed is filled into a hydrolysis reactor, and an ultrasonic transducer is installed on the outside of the reactor. The ultrasonic transducer emits ultrasonic waves into the hydrolysis material bed. During the hydrolysis process, the high-frequency vibration of the hydrolysis material bed caused by the ultrasonic waves effectively solves the problem of non-uniform water diffusion caused by material agglomeration, adhesion, and by-product coverage. This allows water to diffuse evenly to the material surface, resulting in a stable hydrogen production reaction and improving the stability of hydrogen supply. The acoustic cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves also allows the hydrogen produced in the hydrolysis material bed to escape rapidly. The ultrasonic waves enhance the thermal conductivity of the hydrolysis material bed, improving the thermal management of the hydrolysis reactor during the hydrolysis process. The hydrolysis reactor is placed inside a water tank, which plays a good role in temperature control of the hydrolysis material bed during hydrogen supply, preventing the bed temperature from becoming too high and reducing hydrogen production efficiency. A peristaltic pump steadily injects water from the tank into the hydrolysis reactor, which can cool the ultrasonic transducer and prevent overheating and damage to the ultrasonic transducer caused by prolonged high-frequency vibration. This device innovatively uses ultrasonic technology for solid-state water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, enabling a high-quality online supply of hydrogen.

[0018] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer is located at the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor. During the hydrolysis process, the ultrasonic transducer is activated to stably introduce ultrasonic waves into the hydrolysis material bed. At the same time, when the ultrasonic transducer drives the lower hydrolysis material bed to vibrate, it can also drive the upper hydrolysis material bed to vibrate, thereby accelerating the release of hydrogen from the entire hydrolysis material bed.

[0019] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducers are symmetrically or arrayed at the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor, which can provide uniform acoustic energy to the entire hydrolysis material bed.

[0020] Furthermore, the hydrolysis reactor is equipped with a demister to remove water mist and unreacted solid hydrolysis materials that may be entrained when hydrogen escapes, thereby performing preliminary purification of the hydrogen.

[0021] Furthermore, the hydrogen outlet has two locations. One outlet is equipped with a pressure gauge and a safety valve. Both the pressure gauge and the peristaltic pump are connected to the control system. The peristaltic pump's inlet rate is adjusted according to pressure changes inside the hydrolysis reactor to ensure a sufficient supply of hydrogen. When the pressure inside the hydrolysis reactor becomes too high, the safety valve opens, reducing safety hazards during operation.

[0022] Furthermore, hydrogen from the other hydrogen outlet, produced in the hydrolysis reactor, sequentially enters a condenser and a water scrubber for condensation, cooling, and purification, thus ensuring a supply of high-purity, appropriately priced hydrogen. The condenser cools the hydrogen and condenses the water vapor that escapes with it. The water scrubber initially contains a small amount of water for washing and purifying the hydrogen.

[0023] Furthermore, a water level sensor is installed on the side wall of the water washer. As hydrogen production continues, the liquid water in the humid hydrogen gas collected in the condenser enters the water washer. When the liquid level rises to the height limit set by the water level sensor, the water level sensor sends a feedback signal to the solenoid valve. The solenoid valve opens, recovering the excess water in the water washer and injecting it into the water tank, causing the liquid level in the water washer to drop back to the initial liquid level height, thereby reducing the water consumption during the hydrolysis process.

[0024] Furthermore, the reactor inlet is located at the bottom, allowing water to fully react as it escapes upwards after hydrogen production, effectively reducing water consumption during hydrolysis. The ultrasonic transducer and inlet are simultaneously positioned below the reactor to ensure uniform water diffusion within the hydrolysis material bed during hydrolysis, maintaining high stability in hydrogen production. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an online hydrogen production device for ultrasonic-assisted solid-state hydrolysis of hydrides according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrolysis reactor structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water tank structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the peristaltic pump structure of the present invention; Wherein, 1 is the hydrolysis reactor; 101 is the demister; 102 is the hydrolysis material bed; 103 is the ultrasonic wave generator; 104 is the reactor inlet; 105 is the ultrasonic transducer; 106 is hydrogen; 107 is the first hydrogen outlet; 108 is the second hydrogen outlet; 2 is the water tank; 201 is the first water inlet; 202 is the second water inlet; 3 is the condenser; 4 is the water washer; 5 is the water level sensor; 6 is the solenoid valve; 7 is the peristaltic pump; 701 is the pump outlet; 702 is the pump inlet; 8 is the power supply device; 9 is the control system; 10 is the safety valve; and 11 is the pressure gauge. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] This invention addresses the problems of unstable hydrogen supply, easy loss of control, and low gravimetric hydrogen storage density caused by high water consumption in solid-state hydrolysis. It innovatively applies ultrasonic technology to solid-state hydrolysis and makes targeted optimizations to the overall device design, proposing an ultrasonic-assisted solid-state hydrolysis online hydrogen production device and method, which improves the hydrogen production stability of the hydrolysis process and reduces the water consumption in the hydrolysis process.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides an ultrasonic-assisted solid-state water electrolysis online hydrogen production device, including a water electrolysis reactor 1, a water tank 2, a condenser 3, a water washer 4, a water level sensor 5, a solenoid valve 6, a peristaltic pump 7, a power supply device 8, a control system 9, a safety valve 10, and a pressure gauge 11.

[0029] The hydrolysis reactor 1 is installed in the water tank 2, and a peristaltic pump 7 is installed at the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor 1 inside the water tank 2.

[0030] See Figure 2 The upper part of the hydrolysis reactor 1 is not filled with hydrolysis material and serves as a gas buffer zone to further reduce the possibility of solid hydrolysis material escaping from the reactor with hydrogen. The lower part is equipped with a hydrolysis material bed 102. An ultrasonic transducer 105 is provided on the outer wall or bottom of the hydrolysis reactor 1. The ultrasonic transducer 105 can be arranged around the circumference of the hydrolysis reactor 1 on the side wall or at the bottom.

[0031] The water level in water tank 2 is higher than or equal to the height of the hydrolysis material bed 102 in hydrolysis reactor 1, ensuring that the hydrolysis material bed 102 can be adequately cooled.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 105 are provided at the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor 1. The specific number of ultrasonic transducers 105 is set according to requirements. If there is one, it is located at the center of the hydrolysis reactor 1; if there are two, they are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor 1 with respect to the center of the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor 1; if the number of ultrasonic transducers 105 is greater than or equal to three, when the cross-section of the hydrolysis reactor 1 is circular, they are evenly distributed around the circumference of the hydrolysis reactor 1; when the cross-section of the hydrolysis reactor 1 is rectangular, the ultrasonic transducers 105 are arranged in an array at the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor 1, so that the ultrasonic transducers 105 can provide uniform ultrasonic waves to the hydrolysis material bed 102. Inside the hydrolysis reactor 1, a demister 101 is provided above the hydrolysis material bed 102. A reactor inlet 104 is located at the center of the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor 1, and the outer end of the inlet 104 is connected to the peristaltic pump 7. A first hydrogen outlet 107 and a second hydrogen outlet 108 are provided at the top of the hydrolysis reactor 1.

[0033] Preferably, the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic transducer 105 is 20-40 kHz to meet the material requirements of the hydrolysis material bed 102.

[0034] See Figure 3 The top surface of the water tank 2 is provided with a first water inlet 201, and the lower end of the side wall of the water tank 2 is provided with a second water inlet 202. The second water inlet 202 is connected to the washing device 4, and the distance between the first water inlet 201 and the second water inlet 202 is relatively far.

[0035] See Figure 4 The peristaltic pump 7 has pump inlets 702 on both sides and pump outlet 701 at the top. Pump outlet 701 is connected to reactor inlet 104.

[0036] Both the ultrasonic transducer 105 and the peristaltic pump 7 are connected to an external power supply device 8, which provides electrical energy to the ultrasonic transducer 105 and the peristaltic pump 7.

[0037] The first hydrogen outlet 107 is connected to a safety valve 10 and a pressure gauge 11. The safety valve 10 is used to ensure the safety of the device during operation and prevent runaway from causing safety hazards. The pressure gauge 11 and the peristaltic pump 7 are both connected to the control system 9. The speed of the peristaltic pump 7 is adjusted by the pressure change inside the hydrolysis reactor 1, thereby controlling the hydrogen production rate.

[0038] The second hydrogen outlet 108 is connected to the condenser 3 to cool the hydrogen and condense the water vapor in it. The hydrogen outlet of the condenser 3 is connected to the water scrubber 4 for further washing and purification of the hydrogen.

[0039] Specifically, the liquid water continuously collected in the condenser 3 flows into the water scrubber 4 along with the hydrogen gas. The upper end of the water scrubber 4 is equipped with a hydrogen outlet connected to the hydrogen-using equipment, and the lower end of the side wall is equipped with a water outlet. The water outlet and the second water inlet 202 are connected by a pipeline, on which a solenoid valve 6 is installed. A water level sensor 5 is installed on the side wall of the water scrubber 4. When the liquid level in the water scrubber 4 rises to a certain height, the water level sensor 5 transmits a signal to the solenoid valve 6, and the valve opens, allowing the water in the water scrubber 4 to be re-injected into the second water inlet 202 through the water outlet, restoring the liquid level to its initial state.

[0040] Specifically, before the device is started, the required amount of water is added through the water inlet 201 of the water tank 2. The power supply device 8 supplies power to the peristaltic pump 7 and the ultrasonic transducer 105. The peristaltic pump inlet 702 steadily injects the water in the water tank 2 into the hydrolysis reactor 1 through the reactor inlet 104, where it reacts chemically with the light hydrolysis material bed 102 to produce hydrogen gas 106. After passing through the demister 101, the hydrogen gas escapes from the first hydrogen outlet 107 and the second hydrogen outlet 108 at the top of the hydrolysis reactor 1.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the main components of the hydrolysis material bed 102 include materials premixed with MgH2, NaBH4, LiBH4, Al, and various metal catalysts, and the types of hydrolysis materials are known in the art.

[0042] Preferably, the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic transducer 105 is adjusted according to different hydrolyzed materials in order to simultaneously avoid the agglomeration, adhesion and by-product coverage of the various materials.

[0043] Furthermore, the power supply device 8 is a plug-in / chargeable type. When the downstream of this device is a fuel cell, such as in mobile devices or emergency power supplies, the power required for the operation of the peristaltic pump 7 and ultrasonic transducer 15 in the initial stage is provided by the power supply device 8. After the device is operating stably, the downstream hydrogen fuel cell can continue to supply power to the peristaltic pump 7 and ultrasonic transducer 15 through the power supply device 8. When the downstream of this device is other hydrogen-using equipment, such as in hydrogen medical applications, the power required for the operation of the peristaltic pump 7 and ultrasonic transducer 15 in the initial stage is also provided by the power supply device 8. After the device is operating stably, the power supply device 8 can be connected to a fixed power source to maintain the normal operation of the peristaltic pump 7 and ultrasonic transducer 17.

[0044] Furthermore, when the hydrolysis material is a borohydride such as NaBH4 or LiBH4, ultrasound can effectively reduce the hydration degree of the hydrolysis by-product hydrates and reduce the water consumption during the hydrolysis process.

[0045] Furthermore, when the hydrolysis material is a lightweight solid hydrolysis material such as MgH2 or Al, where the formation of a dense passivation layer by hydrolysis byproducts affects the further reaction of the material, the high-frequency vibration of the bed caused by ultrasound causes the material particles to collide with each other, effectively reducing the formation of the passivation layer and improving the hydrogen production performance during the hydrolysis process.

[0046] The ultrasonic-assisted solid-state water electrolysis online hydrogen production method based on the aforementioned device is as follows: like Figure 2 As shown, the peristaltic pump 7 pumps water into the hydrolysis reactor 1. Simultaneously, the ultrasonic transducer 105 is activated, transmitting ultrasonic waves 103 through the wall of the hydrolysis reactor 1 to the hydrolysis material bed 102. The acoustic cavitation effect causes the hydrolysis material bed 102 to be in a high-frequency vibration state, improving the uniform dispersion of water and accelerating the escape of hydrogen gas 106 produced by the reaction, thus improving the stability of hydrogen supply. At the same time, it enhances the heat transfer performance of the hydrolysis material bed 102, allowing the heat generated by the reaction to be quickly conducted to the wall of the hydrolysis reactor 1 for heat exchange with the water tank 2.

[0047] The following is Example 1, which is applied to mobile devices or emergency power supplies.

[0048] The downstream fuel cell has a power output of 1000W, requires a hydrogen supply flow rate of 12L / min for normal operation, operates for a total duration of 4 hours, and requires a total hydrogen consumption of 257g. The hydrolysis material bed 102 is filled with 1350g of a mechanically mixed material of 90wt% NaBH4 and 10wt% Co-based catalyst. The chemical equation for the hydrolysis reaction is NaBH4 + (2+) x+n H₂O → NaBO₂· x H₂O + 4H₂ + n H2O, the initial water inlet rate is 10 g / min, and the subsequent water inlet rate is adjusted by the control system according to the pressure changes inside the hydrolysis reactor. When the device is started, the power supply unit 8 supplies power to the peristaltic pump 7 and the ultrasonic transducer 105. The peristaltic pump 7 pumps water from the water tank 2 into the hydrolysis reactor 1. At the same time, the high-frequency vibration of the hydrolysis material bed 102 caused by the sound wave 103 accelerates the escape of hydrogen 106 and improves the entire hydrolysis process. The pressure gauge 11 controls the water flow rate of the peristaltic pump 7 through the control system 9 by measuring the pressure change in the hydrolysis reactor 1, thereby controlling the hydrogen production rate. The generated hydrogen enters water through the second hydrogen outlet 108 at the top of the hydrolysis reactor 1, and is further cooled and purified by the condenser 3 and the water scrubber 4. During this process, the liquid water collected by condensing hydrogen in the condenser 3 accumulates in the water scrubber 4. When the liquid level reaches the calibration point of the water level sensor 5, the solenoid valve 6 opens, and the water is reinjected into the water tank 2. After the downstream fuel cell is operating normally, some of the generated power is connected to the power supply unit 8 to ensure the normal operation of the peristaltic pump 7 and the ultrasonic transducer 15 throughout the hydrolysis process, ensuring the portability of the device. The hydrogen gas, after condensation and purification, flows out from the upper end of the water scrubber 4 and supplies it to the downstream fuel cell.

[0049] The following is Example 2, which is applied to a stationary hydrogen supply system.

[0050] The downstream hydrogen-consuming equipment requires a hydrogen flow rate of 5 L / min, with a total operating time of 8 hours and a total hydrogen demand of 214 g. The reactor bed is filled with a hydrolysis material consisting of 2021 g of a mechanically mixed material of 90 wt% MgH2 and 10 wt% Ni-Cu-based composite catalyst. The hydrolysis reaction equation is MgH2 + (2+) n H₂O → Mg(OH)₂ + 2H₂ + n H2O, the initial water inlet rate is 4 g / min, and the subsequent water inlet rate is adjusted by the control system 9 according to the pressure change inside the hydrolysis reactor 1. The device is started, and the power supply device 8 is connected to an external fixed power source to ensure the continuous operation of the peristaltic pump 7 and the ultrasonic transducer 105. The peristaltic pump 7 pumps water from the water tank 2 into the hydrolysis reactor 1. At the same time, the high-frequency vibration of the hydrolysis material bed 102 caused by the sound wave 103 accelerates the escape of hydrogen 106. The pressure gauge 11 controls the water flow rate of the peristaltic pump 7 through the control system 9 by measuring the pressure change in the hydrolysis reactor 1, thereby controlling the hydrogen production rate. The generated hydrogen enters water through the second hydrogen outlet 108 at the top of the reactor and is further cooled and purified by the condenser 3 and the water scrubber 4. During this process, the liquid water collected by condensing hydrogen in the condenser 3 accumulates in the water scrubber 4. When the liquid level reaches the calibration point of the water level sensor 5, the solenoid valve 6 opens, and the water is reinjected into the water tank 2. The condensed and purified hydrogen flows out from the top of the water scrubber 4 to supply downstream hydrogen-using equipment.

[0051] This invention utilizes an ultrasonic transducer 15 positioned at the lower end of a hydrolysis reactor 1 to provide ultrasonic stimulation to the hydrolysis material bed 102 within the reactor 1. The generated hydrogen gas is condensed, washed with water, and then enters downstream hydrogen-using equipment. A safety valve 10 and a pressure gauge 11 are connected to the upper end of the hydrolysis reactor 1. The pressure gauge 11 is connected to a peristaltic pump 7 via a control system 9, allowing the flow rate of the peristaltic pump 7 to be adjusted by regulating the internal pressure of the hydrolysis reactor 1, thereby changing the hydrogen production rate. A water level sensor 5 is installed on the side of the water washer 4 to collect the liquid water condensed from the hydrogen, reducing water consumption. The power supply design allows the device to meet both fixed and mobile application scenarios. Furthermore, it innovatively introduces ultrasonic technology into the field of solid-state hydrolysis, solving problems such as unstable hydrogen supply, high water consumption, and byproduct coverage inherent in solid-state hydrolysis. Through rational optimization of components such as the water tank 2 and the hydrolysis reactor 1, the overall hydrolysis stability is improved, while also considering the reactor's thermal management and water consumption during operation. This enables the provision of safe, pure, and rapid hydrogen gas to hydrogen-using equipment in various applications.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic-assisted solid-state water splitting online hydrogen production device, characterized in that, It includes a hydrolysis reactor (1) and a water tank (2), with the hydrolysis reactor (1) fixedly installed in the water tank (2); The lower part of the hydrolysis reactor (1) is filled with a hydrolysis material bed (102). The upper end of the hydrolysis reactor (1) is provided with a hydrogen outlet, and the lower end is provided with a reactor inlet (104). The hydrogen outlet includes a first hydrogen outlet (107) and a second hydrogen outlet (108). The first hydrogen outlet (107) is connected to a safety valve (10) and a pressure gauge (11). The pressure gauge (11) is connected to a peristaltic pump (7) through a control system (9). The second hydrogen outlet (108) is connected to a hydrogen-using device. The reactor inlet (104) is connected to a peristaltic pump (7). The peristaltic pump (7) is installed in a water tank (2). The second hydrogen outlet (108) and the hydrogen-using device are connected to the peristaltic pump (7). A condenser (3) and a water washer (4) are arranged sequentially between the equipment. The hydrogen outlet of the water washer (4) is connected to the hydrogen-using equipment. A water level sensor (5) is installed on the side wall of the water washer (4). A water outlet is installed on the lower part of the side wall of the water washer (4). The water outlet is connected to the water inlet of the water tank (2). A solenoid valve (6) is installed on the pipeline between the water outlet and the water inlet of the water tank (2). The water level sensor (5) and the solenoid valve (6) are electrically connected. The water tank (2) is provided with two water inlets. One water inlet is located at the upper end of the water tank (2) and is connected to the water inlet pipe. The other water inlet is located on the side wall of the water tank (2) and is connected to the water outlet of the water washer (4). An ultrasonic transducer (105) is provided on the outer wall or bottom surface of the hydrolysis reactor (1). The ultrasonic transducer (105) is located at the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor (1). When there are multiple ultrasonic transducers (105), they are arranged symmetrically or in an array at the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor (1).

2. The ultrasonic-assisted solid-state water electrolysis online hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrolysis reactor (1) is equipped with a demister (101) located above the hydrolysis material bed (102).

3. The ultrasonic-assisted solid-state water splitting online hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor inlet (104) is located at the center of the bottom of the hydrolysis reactor (1), and the peristaltic pump (7) is located below the reactor inlet (104).

4. A method for online hydrogen production via ultrasonic-assisted solid-state water splitting based on the apparatus of claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The power supply device (8) supplies power to the peristaltic pump (7) and the ultrasonic transducer (105). The peristaltic pump (7) pumps water from the water tank (2) into the hydrolysis reactor (1). The ultrasonic transducer (105) emits sound waves (103) into the hydrolysis material bed (102). A chemical reaction occurs in the hydrolysis material bed (102) to produce hydrogen. The sound waves (103) cause the hydrolysis material bed (102) to vibrate.

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