A ventilation device for underground tunnel and a method of using the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to an underground tunnel ventilation device and a use method thereof, belonging to the field of mining technology. The device comprises a ventilation inlet pipe and a ventilation outlet pipe installed at the top of the underground tunnel, and a fan is arranged in the ventilation outlet pipe. The device of the present invention can effectively reduce the workload of workers, so that the adjustment process of the air intake volume inside the ventilation inlet pipe becomes simpler and more convenient, and has strong practicality. The device of the present invention can be arranged at any position of the tunnel according to actual needs, and has strong adaptability. The use method comprises the following steps: facilitating the fan to exhaust air outwards, adjusting the air intake volume, cleaning the filter cylinder, and cleaning the filter screen plate. The overall method of the present invention is reasonably designed, which can effectively reduce the workload of workers, and the air intake volume adjustment is simple and convenient, and has strong practicality, and can ensure that the underground ventilation process is more environmentally friendly. Once blockage occurs at both ends of the air inlet and outlet, the cleaning can be completed in time and quickly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an underground tunnel ventilation device and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of mining. Background Art

[0002] In the process of underground mining, tunnels need to be dug. Tunnel refers to the passage excavated for mining hoisting, transportation, ventilation, drainage, power supply, etc. Miners carry out activities inside the tunnel. Since workers need to stay inside the tunnel for a long time, the tunnel needs to be ventilated. When ventilating the underground tunnel, air inlet and outlet ventilation pipes need to be installed to complete air exchange.

[0003] At present, when ventilating underground tunnels, ventilation ducts are mostly extended directly from the inside of the tunnel to the ground, and then the air inside the tunnel can circulate with the air on the ground. However, the air intake regulating valve on the ventilation air intake pipe is mostly installed on the outer end of the ventilation pipe on the ground. In this way, workers need to come to the surface when adjusting the air intake, which makes the air intake adjustment process more troublesome, increases the workload of workers, and has poor practicality.

[0004] The Chinese utility model patent with patent application number CN202122805122.6 discloses a local ventilation and air exchange device in a coal mining tunnel, including a pipeline, a baffle, a connecting rod, a control slider and a lead screw, baffles are rotatably connected at both ends of the pipeline, connecting rods are fixed on both baffles, two connecting rods are slidably connected to the control slider, the control slider is rotatably connected with a lead screw, the pipeline is threaded with a lead screw, and a handle is provided on the lead screw. A local ventilation and air exchange device in a coal mining tunnel includes a fan, a fan is rotatably connected to the pipeline, and a driving motor is provided on the fan. A local ventilation and air exchange device in a coal mining tunnel includes a slide, a bidirectional screw, an electric push rod and a support plate, a slide is fixed at the bottom end of the pipeline, a bidirectional screw is rotatably connected to the slide, the mobile end of the electric push rod is threadedly connected to one end of the bidirectional screw and slidably connected to one end of the slide, and the fixed end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the support plate, which can control the ventilation speed. The ventilation device of this utility model patent can only perform ventilation operations on the local part of the tunnel. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an underground tunnel ventilation device and a method of using the same in order to address the technical problem that the air intake adjustment is complicated and only local space in the tunnel can be ventilated.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] That is, an underground tunnel ventilation device, comprising a ventilation air inlet pipe and a ventilation air outlet pipe installed at the top of the underground tunnel, and the ventilation air inlet pipe and the ventilation air outlet pipe are both connected to the interior of the underground tunnel;

[0008] A fixed plate is fixed inside the ventilation intake pipe, an adjusting plate is hinged on each side of the fixed plate, a threaded tube is provided at the top of the fixed plate, the bottom end of the threaded tube passes through the fixed plate and is threadedly connected between the fixed plate, a movable threaded sleeve is provided at the top of the fixed plate, the top end of the threaded tube passes through the movable threaded sleeve and is threadedly connected between the movable threaded sleeve, a bearing seat is provided between the top end of the threaded tube and the inner wall of the ventilation intake pipe, the top end of the threaded tube is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the ventilation intake pipe through the bearing seat, a connecting rod is hinged on each side of the movable threaded sleeve and between the two adjusting plates, a first rotating rod is rotatably provided inside the threaded tube, the top end of the first rotating rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating cover plate, a limiting connection mechanism for limiting the mutual rotation between the first rotating rod and the threaded tube is provided, and a first turning handle is fixed at the bottom end of the first rotating rod;

[0009] A fan is fixedly arranged inside the ventilation outlet pipe, a fixed cover plate is fixedly arranged on the top of the fan, and a plurality of first air outlets are opened at the outer end of the ventilation outlet pipe.

[0010] The device of the present invention arranges the first rotating rod and the bottom end of the threaded tube inside the underground tunnel, and adjusts the upper and lower positions of the movable threaded sleeve by rotating the first rotating rod and the threaded tube, thereby adjusting the positions of the two adjusting plates. The air intake volume inside the ventilation intake pipe can be directly adjusted inside the underground tunnel, avoiding the situation where workers have to crawl to the ground when adjusting the air intake volume, effectively reducing the workload of the workers, making the process of adjusting the air intake volume inside the ventilation intake pipe simpler, more convenient, and more practical. The device of the present invention can be set at any position in the tunnel according to actual needs, and has strong adaptability.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the limit connection mechanism includes a limit rod arranged outside the bottom end of the threaded tube, a limit hole is opened at the outer end of the first rotating rod, one end of the limit rod passes through the outer end of the threaded tube and extends into the inner part of the limit hole, a pull block is fixedly arranged at the other end of the limit rod, a first spring is sleeved at the outer end of the limit rod, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the outer end of the threaded tube and the inner side of the pull block. The above-mentioned limit connection mechanism can easily realize the locking and separation between the threaded tube and the first rotating rod, and the structure is simple.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that a filter cylinder is fixedly provided at the top of the ventilation air inlet pipe, an annular slider is fixedly provided at the top of the filter cylinder, an annular chute corresponding to the annular slider is provided at the bottom of the rotating cover plate, and the annular slider is arranged inside the annular chute. The filter cylinder plays a role in blocking external dust from entering the interior of the tunnel, which helps to ensure the air quality in the tunnel.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that a first cleaning mechanism is provided at the bottom end of the rotating cover plate, and the first cleaning mechanism includes two fixed cleaning plates fixedly provided at the bottom end of the rotating cover plate, two telescopic rods are fixedly provided on the inner side of the fixed cleaning plates, a first mounting plate is fixedly provided on one end of the two telescopic rods, a first cleaning brush is fixedly provided on the inner side of the first mounting plate, the inner side of the first cleaning brush contacts the outer end of the filter cylinder, a second spring is sleeved on the outer end of the telescopic rod, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed cleaning plate and the outer side of the first mounting plate. The first cleaning mechanism can be used to clean dust adhering to the filter cylinder, thereby avoiding blockage of the filter cylinder, and the cleaning operation is simple and quick.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that a filter screen is fixed inside the ventilation outlet pipe, and the filter screen is located below the fan. The filter screen is used to filter dust in the outflowing air, so as to prevent the mineral dust inside the tunnel from flowing into the external air, making the underground ventilation process more environmentally friendly.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that a collecting frame is provided at the bottom of the ventilation outlet pipe, a threaded connection ring is integrally connected to the top of the ventilation outlet pipe, the threaded connection ring is arranged inside the top of the collecting frame and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the collecting frame, and a plurality of second air outlets are provided at the outer end of the collecting frame. The second cleaning mechanism is used to clean the bottom of the filter screen plate to avoid clogging of the filter screen plate, and the collecting frame can collect the cleaned mineral dust to avoid dust spilling.

[0016] A further improvement of the present invention is that a second cleaning mechanism is provided inside the collection frame, and the second cleaning mechanism includes a second rotating rod provided inside the collection frame, the bottom end of the second rotating rod passes through the bottom end of the collection frame and is rotatably connected to the collection frame through a bearing, a second rotating handle is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the second rotating rod, a second screen-shaped mounting plate is fixedly provided at the top end of the second rotating rod, a second screen-shaped cleaning brush is fixedly provided at the top end of the second mounting plate, and the top end of the second cleaning brush contacts the bottom end of the filter screen plate. The second rotating rod is rotated by holding the second rotating handle, thereby driving the second cleaning brush to rotate and clean the filter screen plate, the structure is simple, and the cleaning operation is convenient and quick.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for using an underground tunnel ventilation device, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1: Start the fan, which draws the air from the underground tunnel to the outside. The outside air enters the underground tunnel through the ventilation inlet pipe. At the same time, the filter cylinder filters the dust in the outside air.

[0019] S2: Turn the first turning handle, the first turning handle drives the first rotating rod to rotate, the first rotating rod drives the threaded tube to rotate through the limit connection mechanism, the movable threaded sleeve moves up and down along the threaded tube, and the movable threaded sleeve drives the two adjustment plates to swing up and down through the connecting rod, so that the blocking area of ​​the two adjustment plates on the inside of the ventilation intake pipe can be adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the air intake volume in the ventilation intake pipe;

[0020] S3: Pull the pull block outward, the pull block drives the limit rod to move outward and stretch the first spring, when one end of the limit rod leaves the inside of the limit hole, turn the first turning handle, the first turning handle drives the first rotating rod to rotate, the first rotating rod drives the rotating cover plate to rotate, the rotating cover plate drives the two fixed cleaning plates to rotate, the fixed cleaning plate drives the telescopic rod, the first mounting plate and the first cleaning brush to rotate, the two first cleaning brushes will clean the outer end of the filter cylinder, so as to prevent the filter cylinder from being blocked;

[0021] S4: Turn the second handle, the second handle drives the second rotating rod to rotate, the second rotating rod drives the second mounting plate to rotate, the second mounting plate drives the second cleaning brush to rotate, the rotating second cleaning brush will clean the bottom of the filter screen plate, which can prevent the filter screen plate from being blocked, and the dust cleaned from the bottom of the filter screen plate will fall into the collection frame. Unscrew the collection frame from the bottom of the ventilation outlet pipe, and then pour out the dust inside the collection frame.

[0022] The overall method of the present invention is reasonably designed, which can effectively reduce the workload of workers, make the air intake adjustment simple and convenient, and has strong practicality, and can ensure that the underground ventilation process is more environmentally friendly; once blockage occurs at both ends of the air inlet and outlet, it can be cleaned up promptly and quickly.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The device of the present invention arranges the first rotating rod and the bottom end of the threaded tube inside the underground tunnel, and adjusts the upper and lower positions of the movable threaded sleeve by rotating the first rotating rod and the threaded tube, thereby adjusting the positions of the two adjusting plates. The air intake volume inside the ventilation air intake pipe can be directly adjusted inside the underground tunnel, avoiding the situation where workers have to climb to the ground when adjusting the air intake volume, effectively reducing the workload of the workers, making the process of adjusting the air intake volume inside the ventilation air intake pipe simpler and more convenient, and having strong practicality. The device of the present invention can be set at any position in the tunnel according to actual needs, and has strong adaptability.

[0025] 2. The overall method of the present invention is reasonably designed, which can effectively reduce the workload of workers, make the air intake adjustment simple and convenient, and has strong practicality, and can ensure that the underground ventilation process is more environmentally friendly; once blockage occurs at both ends of the air inlet and outlet, it can be cleaned up promptly and quickly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the ventilation air intake pipe and the rotating cover plate in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first cleaning mechanism in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the threaded tube and the first rotating rod in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the ventilation outlet pipe and the fixed cover plate in the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. underground tunnel; 2. ventilation air inlet pipe; 3. filter cylinder; 4. rotating cover plate; 5. fixed plate; 6. adjustment plate; 7. threaded pipe; 8. movable threaded sleeve; 9. connecting rod; 10. first rotating rod; 11. bearing seat; 12. first turning handle; 13. limiting rod; 14. limiting hole; 15. pull block; 16. first spring; 17. annular slider; 18. annular slide groove; 19. fixed cleaning plate; 20. telescopic rod; 21. first mounting plate; 22. first cleaning brush; 23. second spring; 24. ventilation air outlet pipe; 25. fan; 26. fixed cover plate; 27. filter screen plate; 28. first air outlet; 29. ​​collecting frame; 30. threaded connecting ring; 31. second air outlet; 32. second rotating rod; 33. second mounting plate; 34. second cleaning brush; 35. second turning handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] like Figure 1 , 2, 3, and 7 show an underground tunnel ventilation device, comprising a ventilation air inlet pipe 2 and a ventilation air outlet pipe 24 installed at the top of an underground tunnel 1, wherein the ventilation air inlet pipe 2 and the ventilation air outlet pipe 24 are both connected to the interior of the underground tunnel 1;

[0037] A fixed plate 5 is fixed inside the ventilation air intake pipe 2, and an adjusting plate 6 is hingedly provided on both sides of the fixed plate 5. A threaded tube 7 is provided at the top of the fixed plate 5. The bottom end of the threaded tube 7 passes through the fixed plate 5 and is threadedly connected between the fixed plate 5. A movable threaded sleeve 8 is provided on the top of the fixed plate 5. The top end of the threaded tube 7 passes through the movable threaded sleeve 8 and is threadedly connected between the movable threaded sleeve 8. A bearing seat 11 is provided between the top end of the threaded tube 7 and the inner wall of the ventilation air intake pipe 2. The top end of the threaded tube 7 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the ventilation air intake pipe 2 through the bearing seat 11. A connecting rod 9 is hingedly provided on both sides of the movable threaded sleeve 8 and the two adjusting plates 6. A first rotating rod 10 is rotatably provided inside the threaded tube 7. The top end of the first rotating rod 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating cover plate 4. A limiting connection mechanism for limiting the mutual rotation between the first rotating rod 10 and the threaded tube 7 is provided between the first rotating rod 10 and the threaded tube 7, and a first turning handle 12 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the first rotating rod 10;

[0038] A fan 25 is fixedly arranged inside the ventilation outlet pipe 24 , a fixed cover plate 26 is fixedly arranged on the top of the fan 25 , and a plurality of first air outlets 28 are opened at the outer end of the ventilation outlet pipe 24 .

[0039] The device of the present invention arranges the first rotating rod 10 and the bottom end of the threaded tube 7 inside the underground tunnel 1, and adjusts the upper and lower positions of the movable threaded sleeve 8 by rotating the first rotating rod 10 and the threaded tube 7, thereby adjusting the positions of the two adjusting plates 6. The air intake volume inside the ventilation air intake pipe 2 can be directly adjusted inside the underground tunnel 1, avoiding the situation where workers crawl to the ground when adjusting the air intake volume, effectively reducing the workload of workers, and making the adjustment process of the air intake volume inside the ventilation air intake pipe 2 simpler, more convenient, and more practical. The device of the present invention can be set at any position in the tunnel 1 according to actual needs, and has strong adaptability.

[0040] Among them, Figure 6 As shown, the limiting connection mechanism includes a limiting rod 13 arranged on the outside of the bottom end of the threaded tube 7, a limiting hole 14 is opened at the outer end of the first rotating rod 10, one end of the limiting rod 13 passes through the outer end of the threaded tube 7 and extends into the limiting hole 14, a pull block 15 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the limiting rod 13, a first spring 16 is sleeved at the outer end of the limiting rod 13, and the two ends of the first spring 16 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer end of the threaded tube 7 and the inner side of the pull block 15. The above-mentioned limiting connection mechanism can easily realize the locking and separation between the threaded tube 7 and the first rotating rod 10, and the structure is simple.

[0041] Among them, Figure 3 , 4As shown in FIG. 5 , a filter cylinder 3 is fixedly provided at the top of the air inlet pipe 2, a ring slide 17 is fixedly provided at the top of the filter cylinder 3, a ring slide 18 corresponding to the ring slide 17 is provided at the bottom of the rotating cover plate 4, and the ring slide 17 is arranged inside the ring slide 18. The filter cylinder 3 plays a role in blocking external dust from entering the interior of the lane 1, which helps to ensure the air quality in the lane 1.

[0042] A first cleaning mechanism is provided at the bottom end of the rotating cover plate 4. The first cleaning mechanism includes two fixed cleaning plates 19 fixedly provided at the bottom end of the rotating cover plate 4. Two telescopic rods 20 are fixedly provided inside the fixed cleaning plates 19. A first mounting plate 21 is fixedly provided at one end of the two telescopic rods 20. A first cleaning brush 22 is fixedly provided inside the first mounting plate 21. The inner side of the first cleaning brush 22 contacts the outer end of the filter cylinder 3. A second spring 23 is sleeved on the outer end of the telescopic rod 20. The two ends of the second spring 23 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed cleaning plate 19 and the outer side of the first mounting plate 21. The first cleaning mechanism can be used to clean the dust adhering to the filter cylinder 3, which can avoid clogging of the filter cylinder 3. The cleaning operation is simple and quick.

[0043] Among them, Figure 7 As shown, a filter screen 27 is fixed inside the ventilation outlet pipe 24, and the filter screen 27 is located below the fan 25. The filter screen 27 is used to filter the dust in the outflowing air to prevent the mineral dust inside the tunnel 1 from flowing into the external air, making the underground ventilation process more environmentally friendly.

[0044] A collecting frame 29 is provided at the bottom of the ventilation outlet pipe 24, and a threaded connection ring 30 is integrally connected to the top of the ventilation outlet pipe 24. The threaded connection ring 30 is arranged inside the top of the collecting frame 29 and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the collecting frame 29. A plurality of second air outlets 31 are provided at the outer end of the collecting frame 29. The second cleaning mechanism is used to clean the bottom of the filter screen plate 27 to avoid clogging of the filter screen plate 27, and the collecting frame 29 can collect the cleaned mineral dust to avoid dust spilling.

[0045] A second cleaning mechanism is provided inside the collection frame 29, and the second cleaning mechanism includes a second rotating rod 32 provided inside the collection frame 29, the bottom end of the second rotating rod 32 passes through the bottom end of the collection frame 29 and is rotatably connected to the collection frame 29 through a bearing, a second rotating handle 35 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the second rotating rod 32, a second screen-shaped mounting plate 33 is fixedly provided at the top end of the second rotating rod 32, a second screen-shaped cleaning brush 34 is fixedly provided at the top end of the second mounting plate 33, and the top end of the second cleaning brush 34 contacts the bottom end of the filter screen plate 27. The second rotating rod 32 is rotated by holding the second rotating handle 35, thereby driving the second cleaning brush 34 to rotate and clean the filter screen plate 27, with a simple structure and convenient and quick cleaning operation.

[0046] The present invention also provides a method for using an underground tunnel ventilation device, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1: Start the fan 25, which draws the air inside the underground tunnel 1 to the outside. The external air enters the underground tunnel 1 through the ventilation air inlet pipe 2. At the same time, the filter cylinder 3 filters the dust in the external air.

[0048] S2: Turn the first turning handle 12, the first turning handle 12 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate, the first rotating rod 10 drives the threaded tube 7 to rotate through the limit connection mechanism, the movable threaded sleeve 8 moves up and down along the threaded tube 7, and the movable threaded sleeve 8 drives the two adjustment plates 6 to swing up and down through the connecting rod 9, so that the blocking area of ​​the two adjustment plates 6 on the inside of the ventilation intake pipe 2 can be adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the air intake volume in the ventilation intake pipe 2;

[0049] S3: Pull the pull block 15 outward, the pull block 15 drives the limiting rod 13 to move outward and stretch the first spring 16. When one end of the limiting rod 13 leaves the limiting hole 14, turn the first turning handle 12, the first turning handle 12 drives the first rotating rod 10 to rotate, the first rotating rod 10 drives the rotating cover plate 4 to rotate, the rotating cover plate 4 drives the two fixed cleaning plates 19 to rotate, the fixed cleaning plate 19 drives the telescopic rod 20, the first mounting plate 21 and the first cleaning brush 22 to rotate, the two first cleaning brushes 22 will clean the outer end of the filter cylinder 3, so as to prevent the filter cylinder 3 from being blocked;

[0050] S4: Turn the second handle 35, the second handle 35 drives the second rotating rod 32 to rotate, the second rotating rod 32 drives the second mounting plate 33 to rotate, the second mounting plate 33 drives the second cleaning brush 34 to rotate, the rotating second cleaning brush 34 will clean the bottom end of the filter screen plate 27, so as to prevent the filter screen plate 27 from being blocked, the dust cleaned from the bottom end of the filter screen plate 27 will fall into the collecting frame 29, the collecting frame 29 is unscrewed from the bottom end of the ventilation outlet pipe 24, and then the dust inside the collecting frame 29 can be poured out.

[0051] The overall method of the present invention is reasonably designed, which can effectively reduce the workload of workers, make the air intake adjustment simple and convenient, and has strong practicality, and can ensure that the underground ventilation process is more environmentally friendly; once blockage occurs at both ends of the air inlet and outlet, it can be cleaned up promptly and quickly.

[0052] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0053] The terms "upper", "lower", "outer side" and "inner side" in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish the relative relationship in position if they exist, and do not have to be qualitative. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0054] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An underground tunnel ventilation device, characterized in that: It comprises a ventilation air inlet pipe (2) and a ventilation air outlet pipe (24) installed at the top of an underground tunnel (1), wherein the ventilation air inlet pipe (2) and the ventilation air outlet pipe (24) are both connected to the interior of the underground tunnel (1); A fixed plate (5) is fixed inside the ventilation air intake pipe (2), and an adjustment plate (6) is hingedly provided on both sides of the fixed plate (5). A threaded tube (7) is provided at the top of the fixed plate (5), and the bottom end of the threaded tube (7) passes through the fixed plate (5). A movable threaded sleeve (8) is provided at the top of the fixed plate (5), and the top end of the threaded tube (7) passes through the movable threaded sleeve (8) and is threadedly connected to the movable threaded sleeve (8). A bearing seat (11) is provided between the top end of the threaded tube (7) and the inner wall of the ventilation air intake pipe (2), and the top end of the threaded tube (7) is connected to the ventilation air intake pipe (2). The inner walls of the air inlet pipe (2) are rotatably connected via a bearing seat (11); a connecting rod (9) is hingedly provided between the two sides of the movable threaded sleeve (8) and the two adjustment plates (6); a first rotating rod (10) is rotatably provided inside the threaded tube (7); the top end of the first rotating rod (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating cover plate (4); a limit connection mechanism for limiting the mutual rotation between the first rotating rod (10) and the threaded tube (7) is provided between the first rotating rod (10) and the threaded tube (7); and a first rotating handle (12) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the first rotating rod (10); A fan (25) is fixedly provided inside the ventilation outlet pipe (24), a fixed cover plate (26) is fixedly provided on the top of the fan (25), and a plurality of first air outlets (28) are provided at the outer end of the ventilation outlet pipe (24); The limiting connection mechanism comprises a limiting rod (13) arranged on the outer side of the bottom end of the threaded tube (7); a limiting hole (14) is provided at the outer end of the first rotating rod (10); one end of the limiting rod (13) passes through the outer end of the threaded tube (7) and extends into the limiting hole (14); a pull block (15) is fixedly provided at the other end of the limiting rod (13); a first spring (16) is sleeved on the outer end of the limiting rod (13); and two ends of the first spring (16) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer end of the threaded tube (7) and the inner side of the pull block (15); A filter cylinder (3) is fixedly provided at the top of the ventilation air inlet pipe (2), an annular slider (17) is fixedly provided at the top of the filter cylinder (3), an annular slide groove (18) corresponding to the annular slider (17) is formed at the bottom of the rotating cover plate (4), and the annular slider (17) is arranged inside the annular slide groove (18); A first cleaning mechanism is provided at the bottom end of the rotating cover plate (4), the first cleaning mechanism comprising two fixed cleaning plates (19) fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the rotating cover plate (4), two telescopic rods (20) fixedly arranged on the inner side of the fixed cleaning plate (19), a first mounting plate (21) fixedly arranged on one end of the two telescopic rods (20), a first cleaning brush (22) fixedly arranged on the inner side of the first mounting plate (21), the inner side of the first cleaning brush (22) contacts the outer end of the filter cylinder (3), a second spring (23) is sleeved on the outer end of the telescopic rod (20), and two ends of the second spring (23) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed cleaning plate (19) and the outer side of the first mounting plate (21); The first turning handle (12) is rotated, the first turning handle (12) drives the first rotating rod (10) to rotate, the first rotating rod (10) drives the threaded tube (7) to rotate via the limit connection mechanism, the movable threaded sleeve (8) moves up and down along the threaded tube (7), the movable threaded sleeve (8) drives the two adjustment plates (6) to swing up and down via the connecting rod (9), so that the blocking area of ​​the two adjustment plates (6) on the inside of the ventilation intake pipe (2) can be adjusted, thereby achieving the adjustment of the air intake volume in the ventilation intake pipe (2).

2. The underground tunnel ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen plate (27) is fixedly provided inside the ventilation outlet pipe (24), and the filter screen plate (27) is located below the fan (25).

3. The underground tunnel ventilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A collecting frame (29) is provided at the bottom end of the ventilation outlet pipe (24), and a threaded connection ring (30) is integrally connected to the top end of the ventilation outlet pipe (24). The threaded connection ring (30) is arranged inside the top end of the collecting frame (29) and is connected to the inner wall of the collecting frame (29) via threads. A plurality of second air outlets (31) are provided at the outer end of the collecting frame (29).

4. The underground tunnel ventilation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second cleaning mechanism is provided inside the collecting frame (29), the second cleaning mechanism comprising a second rotating rod (32) provided inside the collecting frame (29), the bottom end of the second rotating rod (32) passing through the bottom end of the collecting frame (29) and being rotatably connected to the collecting frame (29) via a bearing, a second rotating handle (35) being fixedly provided at the bottom end of the second rotating rod (32), a second sieve-shaped mounting plate (33) being fixedly provided at the top end of the second rotating rod (32), a sieve-shaped second cleaning brush (34) being fixedly provided at the top end of the second mounting plate (33), and a top end of the second cleaning brush (34) being in contact with a bottom end of the filter screen plate (27).

5. A method for using the underground tunnel ventilation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: starting the fan (25), the fan (25) draws the air inside the underground tunnel (1) to the outside, and the outside air enters the underground tunnel (1) through the inside of the ventilation air inlet pipe (2), and at the same time, the filter cylinder (3) filters the dust in the outside air; S2: The first turning handle (12) is rotated, the first turning handle (12) drives the first rotating rod (10) to rotate, the first rotating rod (10) drives the threaded tube (7) to rotate via the limit connection mechanism, the movable threaded sleeve (8) moves up and down along the threaded tube (7), the movable threaded sleeve (8) drives the two adjustment plates (6) to swing up and down via the connecting rod (9), so that the blocking area of ​​the two adjustment plates (6) on the inside of the ventilation air intake pipe (2) can be adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the air intake volume in the ventilation air intake pipe (2); S3: Pull the pull block (15) outward, the pull block (15) drives the limit rod (13) to move outward and stretch the first spring (16), when one end of the limit rod (13) leaves the inside of the limit hole (14), rotate the first turning handle (12), the first turning handle (12) drives the first rotating rod (10) to rotate, the first rotating rod (10) drives the rotating cover plate (4) to rotate, the rotating cover plate (4) drives the two fixed cleaning plates (19) to rotate, the fixed cleaning plate (19) drives the telescopic rod (20), the first mounting plate (21) and the first cleaning brush (22) to rotate, the two first cleaning brushes (22) will clean the outer end of the filter cylinder (3), thereby preventing the filter cylinder (3) from being blocked; S4: Rotate the second rotating handle (35), the second rotating handle (35) drives the second rotating rod (32) to rotate, the second rotating rod (32) drives the second mounting plate (33) to rotate, the second mounting plate (33) drives the second cleaning brush (34) to rotate, the rotating second cleaning brush (34) cleans the bottom end of the filter screen plate (27), thereby preventing the filter screen plate (27) from being blocked, the dust cleaned from the bottom end of the filter screen plate (27) falls into the collection frame (29), the collection frame (29) is unscrewed from the bottom end of the ventilation outlet pipe (24), and then the dust inside the collection frame (29) is poured out.

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