A sea urchin type demulsifier using glucose as raw material, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of sea urchin type demulsifier with glucose as raw material and preparation method and application, the preparation method includes the following steps: S1, with glucose as raw material, prepare carbon ball containing hydroxyl on surface by hydrothermal reaction;S2, maleic anhydride is grafted to the surface of carbon ball by esterification reaction, and intermediate product is obtained;S3, by thiol-alkene click reaction, alkyl mercaptan is grafted to intermediate product, and demulsifier is obtained.The demulsifier of the present application has a hydrophilic center core and several hydrophobic branches, has high demulsification efficiency, the light transmittance of water phase after demulsification is high, and emulsion oil removal rate can reach more than 99%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of demulsifiers, and more particularly to a sea urchin-type demulsifier made from glucose, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Emulsions are inevitably formed during oil extraction, and with the widespread application of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technologies, the water content in these emulsions is increasing. Furthermore, large quantities of oily wastewater (O / W emulsions) are generated in daily life and petrochemical production. These emulsions are generally harmful, causing severe corrosion to process equipment and, if leaked into the environment, polluting water resources and harming ecosystems and human health. However, the adsorption / assembly of surfactants at the oil-water interface in oily wastewater, leading to oil-water phase separation, is a well-known and challenging problem.

[0003] In recent years, various technologies have been used to treat oily wastewater, including oil absorption, filtration, electrocoagulation, and solvent extraction. However, these technologies all have inherent drawbacks, such as high raw material costs, low treatment efficiency, high energy consumption, and complex equipment setup procedures. The use of chemical demulsifiers to demulsify oily wastewater is widely adopted. However, most existing demulsifiers are based on ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers, modified through methods such as grafting, remodeling, and chain extension. These demulsifiers not only have expensive raw material costs but also pose a potential risk of secondary pollution to the environment after use.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of O / W demulsifier that is low-cost, environmentally friendly, and has high demulsification efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and provide a sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material, its preparation method, and its application, thereby solving the technical problems of high raw material cost, environmental pollution, and low demulsification efficiency of existing demulsifiers.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Carbon spheres with hydroxyl groups on their surface are prepared by hydrothermal reaction using glucose as a raw material.

[0009] S2. Maleic anhydride is grafted onto the surface of carbon spheres via esterification to obtain an intermediate product;

[0010] S3. An alkyl thiol is grafted onto the intermediate product via a mercapto-alkene click reaction to obtain a demulsifier.

[0011] This invention uses glucose as a raw material to prepare hydrophilic carbon spheres with hydroxyl-rich surfaces through a simple hydrothermal reaction. This process involves the dehydration, cross-linking, and polymerization of oligosaccharide molecules into spheres. Maleic anhydride is then grafted onto the surface of the carbon spheres through an esterification reaction with hydroxyl groups. Finally, dodecyl mercaptan is grafted onto the intermediate product through a thiol-ene click chemistry reaction to form a sea urchin-like demulsifier.

[0012] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes: dissolving 5-10 parts by weight of glucose in 40-60 parts by weight of distilled water to obtain a glucose solution; adding the glucose solution to a high-pressure reactor for hydrothermal reaction; after the hydrothermal reaction is completed, filtering and washing the product after the reaction solution has cooled to obtain carbon spheres.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 160–220°C, and the hydrothermal reaction time is 6–10 hours.

[0014] In a further preferred embodiment, the hydrothermal reaction is carried out at 180°C for 6 hours; after the hydrothermal reaction is completed, the carbon balls are obtained by filtration and then washed three times alternately with ethanol and distilled water.

[0015] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes: dispersing carbon spheres in a first solvent by ultrasonication, adding maleic anhydride and a catalyst to carry out an esterification reaction, and filtering and washing after the reaction to obtain an intermediate product; wherein the ratio between carbon spheres and maleic anhydride is (0.5~1.0)g:(0.01~0.04)mol.

[0016] More preferably, the first solvent is xylene, and the ratio between the first solvent and the carbon spheres is (15-30) mL: (0.5-1.0) g; the catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid, and the amount of catalyst added is 0.01% of the total mass of the reactants in the esterification reaction; after the esterification reaction is completed, the intermediate product is obtained by filtration, and the intermediate product is washed three times alternately with ethanol and distilled water.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the esterification reaction temperature is 80–120°C and the reaction time is 4–10 hours; more preferably, the reaction is carried out at 90°C for 6 hours.

[0018] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes: dispersing the intermediate product in a second solvent by ultrasonication, slowly adding alkyl thiol, then adding an initiator to carry out a mercapto-olefin click reaction, and filtering and washing after the reaction to obtain the intermediate product; wherein, the molar ratio of the amount of alkyl thiol added to the amount of maleic anhydride added in step S2 is 1:1.

[0019] In step S3 of the present invention, the amount of intermediate product added in the click reaction is the total amount of intermediate product obtained by filtration in step S2.

[0020] More preferably, the second solvent is xylene, and the ratio between the second solvent and the carbon spheres in step S2 is (15-30) mL: (0.5-1.0) g; the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile, and the amount of initiator added is 0.01% of the total mass of the reactants in the mercapto-alkene click reaction; after the reaction is completed, the final product is obtained by filtration, and the final product is washed three times alternately with ethanol and distilled water.

[0021] Preferably, alkyl thiols include, but are not limited to, one or more of dodecyl thiols, octyl thiols, and hexadecyl thiols.

[0022] Preferably, in step S3, the temperature of the mercapto-alkene click reaction is 100–140°C, and the reaction time is 4–8 hours; more preferably, the reaction is carried out at 120°C for 4 hours.

[0023] Secondly, this invention provides a sea urchin-type demulsifier prepared using the above-described method and made from glucose. The sea urchin-type demulsifier provided in this application has advantages such as low cost, environmental friendliness, and high demulsification efficiency.

[0024] Thirdly, the present invention provides an application of the above-mentioned demulsifier in the demulsification of O / W emulsions.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0026] (1) The raw materials of the sea urchin-type demulsifier provided by the present invention are readily available, low in cost, green and pollution-free, and the preparation method is simple;

[0027] (2) The sea urchin-type demulsifier provided by the present invention prepares carbon spheres from glucose through a simple hydrothermal reaction; maleic anhydride is grafted onto the carbon spheres through an esterification reaction of acid anhydride and hydroxyl groups; and dodecyl mercaptan is grafted onto the above intermediate product through a thiol-ene click chemistry reaction to obtain the target product demulsifier, which has a hydrophilic central core and several hydrophobic branches, so that the demulsifier has a morphology similar to that of a sea urchin.

[0028] (3) The sea urchin-type demulsifier provided by the present invention has a high demulsification efficiency when treating O / W emulsions with an oil content of 1% at room temperature: the transmittance of the aqueous phase after demulsification is high, the oil removal rate of the emulsion can be as high as 99% or more, it is suitable for neutral and acidic conditions and has high salt resistance.

[0029] Furthermore, the longer the carbon chain length of the alkyl thiol, the stronger the hydrophobicity of the sea urchin-type demulsifier; the more alkyl thiol added, the stronger the hydrophobicity of the demulsifier. Therefore, the present invention can also control the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of the sea urchin-type demulsifier by controlling the chain length and amount of alkyl thiol, making its surface wettability controllable, and thus regulating its demulsification efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the synthesis of the sea urchin-type demulsifier in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the sea urchin-type demulsifier in Example 1;

[0032] Figure 3 This is the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum (FT-IR) of the sea urchin-type demulsifier in Example 1;

[0033] Figure 4 This describes the demulsification performance of the sea urchin-type demulsifier in Example 1 on an O / W emulsion containing 1 wt% oil at different concentration gradients. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0035] Currently, most commercial demulsifiers adopt an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide (EO-PO) block polyether structure as the main chain. The demulsifier designed in this invention uses glucose as a raw material to synthesize carbon spheres, maleic anhydride as a bridging agent, and grafts a dodecyl mercaptan hydrophobic chain. Compared with existing commercial demulsifiers, the demulsifier provided by this invention has the advantages of low cost and environmental friendliness.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] This embodiment proposes a sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material, which is prepared through the following steps:

[0038] (1) Dissolve 5g of glucose in 40mL of distilled water to obtain a glucose solution. Then add the glucose solution to a high-pressure reactor and hydrothermally react at 180℃ for 6h. After cooling, filter and wash the product to obtain carbon spheres.

[0039] (2) 0.5g of carbon spheres were ultrasonically dispersed in 20mL of xylene, 0.98g (0.01mol) of maleic anhydride was added, and 0.01% of p-toluenesulfonic acid (the reactants of the esterification reaction, i.e. carbon spheres and maleic anhydride, the same applies to subsequent examples) was added as a catalyst. The mixture was reacted at 90°C for 6 hours, and the mixed solution was filtered and washed to obtain the intermediate product.

[0040] (3) Disperse all intermediate products obtained in step (2) in 20 mL of xylene by ultrasonication, slowly add 2.02 g (0.01 mol) of dodecyl mercaptan, add 0.01% of the total mass of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator of the mercapto-ene click reaction reactants (i.e., intermediate products and dodecyl mercaptan, the same applies to subsequent examples), react at 120 °C for 4 hours, filter and wash the mixed solution to obtain sea urchin type demulsifier.

[0041] Based on the above preparation method, the synthetic route of Example 1 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown; Figure 2 The scanning electron microscope image of the sea urchin-type demulsifier prepared in Example 1 shows that its particle size is around 400 nm, exhibiting the excellent interfacial properties of nanomaterials. Figure 3 The infrared spectrum of the sea urchin-type demulsifier prepared in Example 1 shows that at 3419 cm⁻¹... -1 The peak at 2917 cm⁻¹ is attributed to the stretching vibration of OH groups. -1 and 2859cm -1 The peaks at 1047 cm⁻¹ are attributed to the symmetric and antisymmetric stretching vibrations of CH, respectively. -1 The peak at 1731 cm⁻¹ is related to the vibration of COC on the carbon sphere. -1 The absorption peak observed at 788 cm⁻¹ correlates with the C=O stretching vibration of the ester group, indicating that maleic anhydride successfully reacted with the hydroxyl groups on the carbon sphere surface. -1 The peak at that position is attributed to the -(CH2) on the long alkyl chain of dodecyl mercaptan. n - Stretching vibrations confirmed the grafting of dodecyl mercaptan onto the carbon spheres. In summary, the sea urchin-type demulsifier has been successfully synthesized.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment proposes a sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material, which is prepared through the following steps:

[0044] (1) Dissolve 5g of glucose in 40mL of distilled water to obtain a glucose solution. Then add the glucose solution to a high-pressure reactor and hydrothermally react at 180℃ for 6h. After cooling, filter and wash the product to obtain carbon spheres.

[0045] (2) 0.5g of carbon spheres were ultrasonically dispersed in 20mL of xylene, 0.49g (0.005mol) of maleic anhydride was added, and 0.01% of p-toluenesulfonic acid was added as a catalyst. The mixture was reacted at 90℃ for 6 hours, and the mixed solution was filtered and washed to obtain the intermediate product.

[0046] (3) Disperse all intermediate products obtained in step (2) in 20 mL xylene by ultrasonication, slowly add 1.01 g (0.005 mol) of dodecyl mercaptan, add 0.01% of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, react at 120 °C for 4 hours, filter and wash the mixed solution to obtain sea urchin type demulsifier.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] This embodiment proposes a sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material, which is prepared through the following steps:

[0049] (1) Dissolve 5g of glucose in 40mL of distilled water to obtain a glucose solution. Then add the glucose solution to a high-pressure reactor and hydrothermally react at 180℃ for 6h. After cooling, filter and wash the product to obtain carbon spheres.

[0050] (2) 0.5g of carbon spheres were ultrasonically dispersed in 20mL of xylene, 1.47g (0.015mol) of maleic anhydride was added, and 0.01% of p-toluenesulfonic acid was added as a catalyst. The mixture was reacted at 90℃ for 6 hours, and the mixed solution was filtered and washed to obtain the intermediate product.

[0051] (3) Disperse all intermediate products obtained in step (2) in 20 mL xylene by ultrasonication, slowly add 3.03 g (0.015 mol) of dodecyl mercaptan, add 0.01% of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, react at 120 °C for 4 hours, filter and wash the mixed solution to obtain sea urchin type demulsifier.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] This embodiment proposes a sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material, which is prepared through the following steps:

[0054] (1) Dissolve 5g of glucose in 40mL of distilled water to obtain a glucose solution. Then add the glucose solution to a high-pressure reactor and hydrothermally react at 180℃ for 6h. After cooling, filter and wash the product to obtain carbon spheres.

[0055] (2) 0.5g of carbon spheres were ultrasonically dispersed in 20mL of xylene, 0.98g (0.01mol) of maleic anhydride was added, and 0.01% of p-toluenesulfonic acid was added as a catalyst. The mixture was reacted at 90℃ for 6 hours, and the mixed solution was filtered and washed to obtain the intermediate product.

[0056] (3) Disperse all intermediate products obtained in step (2) in 20 mL of xylene by ultrasonication, slowly add 1.46 g of n-octylthiol, add 0.01% of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, react at 120 °C for 4 hours, filter and wash the mixed solution to obtain sea urchin type demulsifier.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] This embodiment proposes a sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material, which is prepared through the following steps:

[0059] (1) Dissolve 5g of glucose in 40mL of distilled water to obtain a glucose solution. Then add the glucose solution to a high-pressure reactor and hydrothermally react at 180℃ for 6h. After cooling, filter and wash the product to obtain carbon spheres.

[0060] (2) 0.5g of carbon spheres were ultrasonically dispersed in 20mL of xylene, 0.98g (0.01mol) of maleic anhydride was added, and 0.01% of p-toluenesulfonic acid was added as a catalyst. The mixture was reacted at 90℃ for 6 hours, and the mixed solution was filtered and washed to obtain the intermediate product.

[0061] (3) Disperse all intermediate products obtained in step (2) in 20 mL xylene by ultrasonication, slowly add 2.58 g (0.01 mol) of hexadecyl mercaptan, add 0.01% of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, react at 120 °C for 4 hours, filter and wash the mixed solution to obtain sea urchin type demulsifier.

[0062] Based on the sea urchin-type demulsifier prepared in Examples 1-5, the following experiments illustrate the application of the demulsifier in demulsifying oily wastewater.

[0063] Application Example 1

[0064] The sea urchin-type demulsifiers prepared in Examples 1-5 were used to demulsify oily wastewater, and their demulsification performance was evaluated.

[0065] Add 5 parts by weight of crude oil to 495 parts by weight of deionized water and stir to mix. Heat to 60°C and then stir at 11,000 r / min for 20 minutes. Repeat this process three times until a stable oil-in-water emulsion is obtained.

[0066] Accurately weigh 0.004 parts by weight of the sea urchin-type demulsifier prepared in Examples 1-5 and add them to 1 part by weight of distilled water. Sonicate for 2-4 minutes to form a uniform suspension. Then add 19 parts by weight of 1 wt% O / W emulsion and oscillate on a rotary shaker at 2500 r / min for 2 minutes. After standing at room temperature for 30 minutes, observe the demulsification, measure the transmittance of the aqueous phase after demulsification, and calculate the oil removal rate according to the China Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standard. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Table 1. Demulsification effect of sea urchin-type demulsifiers prepared in different embodiments.

[0068] Group Demulsifier concentration Aqueous phase transmittance Oil removal rate Example 1 200mg / L 90.61％ 99.12％ Example 2 200mg / L 65.13％ 81.72％ Example 3 200mg / L 71.34％ 85.24％ Example 4 200mg / L 23.17％ 56.95％ Example 5 200mg / L 61.28％ 78.25％

[0069] Note: "Demulsifier concentration" in the table refers to the concentration of demulsifier in oil-in-water emulsion.

[0070] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the sea urchin-type demulsifier provided by this invention has excellent demulsification performance. After demulsification, the transmittance of the aqueous phase can reach over 90%, and the oil removal rate is over 99%. The length of the alkyl chain of the alkyl thiol also affects the hydrophilicity and lipophilicity of the sea urchin-type demulsifier. For example, in Example 4, the alkyl thiol chain length was too short, resulting in excessive hydrophilicity, which affected its demulsification performance. The optimal alkyl thiol chain length is dodecyl thiol. In addition, the amount of alkyl thiol added also affects the wettability of the demulsifier surface. The more alkyl thiol added, the higher the hydrophobicity of the sea urchin-type demulsifier. As can be seen from Table 1, the optimal amount of dodecyl thiol added is 2.02 g.

[0071] Application Example 2

[0072] The demulsifying performance of the demulsifier prepared in Example 1 on oily wastewater at different concentrations was investigated.

[0073] Accurately weigh 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.004, and 0.005 parts by weight of the sea urchin-type demulsifier prepared in Example 1, and add them to 1 part by weight of distilled water. Sonicate for 2-4 minutes to form a homogeneous suspension. Then add 19 parts by weight of 1 wt% O / W emulsion and oscillate on a rotary shaker at 2500 r / min for 2 minutes. After standing at room temperature for 30 minutes, observe the demulsification, measure the transmittance of the aqueous phase after demulsification, and calculate the oil removal rate according to the China Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standard. The results are shown in Table 2. Figure 4 As shown.

[0074] Table 2. Demulsification effect of sea urchin-type demulsifiers prepared in Example 1 at different concentrations.

[0075] Group Demulsifier concentration Aqueous phase transmittance Oil removal rate Example 1 50mg / L 0.52％ 3.84％ Example 1 100mg / L 11.53％ 44.36％ Example 1 150mg / L 46.16％ 72.38％ Example 1 200mg / L 90.61％ 99.12％ Example 1 250mg / L 88.33％ 94.25％

[0076] Note: "Demulsifier concentration" in the table refers to the concentration of demulsifier in oil-in-water emulsion.

[0077] Except for the dosage of the sea urchin-type demulsifier, which was varied according to Table 2, the other test conditions were the same as those in Table 1. (From Table 2 and...) Figure 4 It is known that the demulsifier provided by this invention has good demulsification performance, and its demulsification performance first increases and then decreases with increasing concentration. It has the best demulsification performance at 200 mg / L, with aqueous phase transmittance and oil removal rate reaching 90.61% and 99.12%, respectively. However, if the concentration of the demulsifier is too high, it may lead to reemulsification of the emulsion, thereby reducing its demulsification performance.

[0078] Application Example 3

[0079] The demulsifier prepared in Example 1 was examined for its demulsification performance on oily wastewater with different salinities.

[0080] Accurately weigh 0.004 parts by weight of the sea urchin-type demulsifier prepared in Example 1 and add it to 1 part by weight of distilled water. Weigh 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1 parts by weight of sodium chloride and add them to 19 parts by weight of 1 wt% O / W emulsion to prepare O / W emulsions with different salinities. Add the emulsions to distilled water containing the demulsifier and shake at 2500 r / min for 2 minutes on a rotary shaker. After standing at room temperature for 30 minutes, observe the demulsification, measure the transmittance of the aqueous phase after demulsification, and calculate the oil removal rate according to the China Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry Standard. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0081] Table 3. Demulsification effect of the sea urchin-type demulsifier prepared in Example 1 on emulsions with different salinities.

[0082] Group emulsion salinity Demulsifier concentration Aqueous phase transmittance Oil removal rate Example 1 0 mg / L 200mg / L 90.61％ 99.12％ Example 1 1000mg / L 200mg / L 90.54％ 99.06％ Example 1 2000mg / L 200mg / L 90.37％ 99.02％ Example 1 3000mg / L 200mg / L 90.13％ 98.96％ Example 1 4000mg / L 200mg / L 90.08％ 98.95％ Example 1 5000mg / L 200mg / L 89.98％ 98.89％

[0083] As can be seen from the data in Table 3, the demulsification efficiency of the sea urchin-type demulsifier for oily wastewater was not significantly reduced after the addition of salt. Even in a high salinity environment of 5000 mg / L, the sea urchin-type demulsifier still had 89.98% aqueous phase transmittance and 98.89% oil removal rate, which were only reduced by 0.63% and 0.23% respectively compared to the emulsion without salt, indicating that the sea urchin-type demulsifier of the present invention has good salt resistance.

[0084] In summary, the sea urchin-type demulsifier based on glucose provided by this invention has a good demulsification effect on oily wastewater, and also has good demulsification efficiency under high salinity. The aqueous phase after demulsification is colorless and transparent. Moreover, the raw material of the sea urchin-type demulsifier provided by this invention realizes the resource utilization of natural materials. The preparation method of the demulsifier is simple, easy to operate, and environmentally friendly.

[0085] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material, its preparation method, and its application. The preparation method includes the following steps: preparing carbon spheres from glucose via a simple hydrothermal reaction; grafting maleic anhydride onto the carbon spheres via esterification; and grafting dodecyl mercaptan onto the intermediate product via a thiol-ene click chemistry reaction to obtain the target product, the sea urchin-type demulsifier. The demulsifier provided by this invention has a hydrophilic core and several hydrophobic branches, giving it a morphology similar to a sea urchin. This demulsifier exhibits rapid demulsification efficiency, good demulsification effect, applicability to neutral and acidic conditions, and high salt tolerance. This invention also discloses a sea urchin-type demulsifier prepared using the above method and its application.

[0086] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Carbon spheres with hydroxyl groups on their surface are prepared by hydrothermal reaction using glucose as a raw material. S2. Maleic anhydride is grafted onto the surface of carbon spheres via esterification to obtain an intermediate product; S3. An alkyl thiol is grafted onto the intermediate product via a mercapto-alkene click reaction to obtain a demulsifier.

2. The method for preparing the sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 specifically includes: By weight, dissolve 5-10 parts of glucose in 40-60 parts of distilled water to obtain a glucose solution; A glucose solution was added to a high-pressure reactor for hydrothermal reaction; the hydrothermal reaction temperature was 160–220°C, and the hydrothermal reaction time was 6–10 hours. After the hydrothermal reaction is completed and the reaction solution is cooled, the product is filtered and washed to obtain carbon spheres.

3. The method for preparing the sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: dispersing carbon spheres in a first solvent by ultrasonication, adding maleic anhydride and catalyst to carry out an esterification reaction, and filtering and washing after the reaction to obtain an intermediate product; wherein, the ratio between carbon spheres and maleic anhydride is (0.5~1.0)g:(0.01~0.04)mol.

4. The method for preparing the sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first solvent is xylene, and the ratio of the first solvent to carbon spheres is (15-30) mL: (0.5-1.0) g; the catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid, and the amount of catalyst added is 0.01% of the total mass of the reactants in the esterification reaction.

5. The method for preparing the sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the esterification reaction is carried out at a temperature of 80–120°C for 4–10 hours.

6. The method for preparing the sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes: dispersing the intermediate product in a second solvent by ultrasonication, adding an alkyl thiol, then adding an initiator to carry out a mercapto-olefin click reaction, and filtering and washing after the reaction to obtain the intermediate product; wherein, the molar ratio of the alkyl thiol to the maleic anhydride in step S2 is 1:

1.

7. The method for preparing the sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second solvent is xylene, and the ratio between the second solvent and the carbon spheres in step S2 is (15-30) mL: (0.5-1.0) g; the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile, and the amount of initiator added is 0.01% of the total mass of the reactants in the mercapto-olefin click reaction; Alkyl thiols include one or more of dodecyl thiols, octyl thiols, and hexadecyl thiols.

8. The method for preparing the sea urchin-type demulsifier using glucose as a raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the temperature of the mercapto-alkene click reaction is 100–140°C, and the reaction time is 4–8 hours.

9. A sea urchin-type demulsifier prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, using glucose as a raw material.

10. The use of the demulsifier as described in claim 9 in the demulsification of O / W emulsions.

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