The application discloses a seed adding device with a vibration seed bin with adjustable working parameters, a seed adding method and a whole-disk air suction type seed meter

Abstract

The application provides a kind of seed adding device with adjustable working parameters, seed adding method and whole disk air suction type seed metering device, including vibrating seed tank, electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder and horizontal screw conveyor, and total control system.The vibrating seed tank includes fixed support, screen box mounted on the fixed support, first armature fixed on the outer bottom of the screen box shell, and first electromagnetic exciter mounted on the fixed support and located directly below the first armature.The application selects appropriate working parameters according to the physical properties of seeds, outputs working signals to the sine signal generating circuit through the host computer, so that the sine wave signals generated by the sine signal generating circuit are received by the first electromagnetic exciter and generate corresponding magnetic field changes, so as to effectively control the working parameters of the screen box, improve the screening efficiency, and effectively protect the seeds.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural seeding technology, in particular to a kind of work parameter adjustable vibrating seed box's seeding device, seeding method and whole disc air suction type seed metering device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Seed metering device, as an indispensable part of modern agricultural machinery seeding equipment, undertakes the important task of accurately dispensing seeds according to the preset quantity and rate, aiming to realize the uniformity of seeding, and then improve the efficiency and quality of seeding. It ensures the rapid, accurate and uniform dispensing of seeds through precise mechanical structure and advanced control system, and provides solid technical support for the automation and intelligent development of agricultural production.

[0003] Among the core components of seed metering device, the seeding device plays a crucial role, which is responsible for accurately dispensing seeds that have been finely screened from the vibrating seed box into the seeding trench. However, in actual application, due to the diversity and difference of the physical properties of seeds, such as shape, size, density and surface friction coefficient, the traditional mechanical vibrating seed box cannot flexibly adapt to the physical properties of various seeds due to its fixed working parameters (such as amplitude, frequency and phase). Excessive vibration parameters may cause surface seeds to be unable to penetrate the screening layer due to excessive throwing, and even increase the probability of seed internal stress and collision with the seed box wall, thereby causing seed damage. On the contrary, if the vibration parameters are set too low, it may cause the seeds to accumulate on the screen surface, reducing the flowability and screening effect, and thus seriously affecting the overall seed metering efficiency and seeding quality.

[0004] Therefore, it has become an urgent need and development trend in the field of current agricultural equipment technology innovation to develop a seeding device with adjustable working parameters of vibrating seed box. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problem that the vibrating seed box in the existing seeding device cannot adjust its working parameters according to the physical properties of seeds, the present application provides a seeding device with adjustable working parameters of vibrating seed box, a seeding method and a whole disc air suction type seed metering device. The present application selects appropriate working parameters according to the physical properties of seeds, and changes the working parameters of the vibrating seed box by adjusting the sine wave signal generated by the sine signal generating circuit, which improves the screening efficiency and effectively protects the seeds.

[0006] The present application achieves the above technical purpose by the following technical means.

[0007] A seeding device with adjustable working parameters of vibrating seed box, characterized in that, it comprises a vibrating seed box, an electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder and a horizontal screw conveyor along the conveying direction of the seeds in sequence, and a total control system.

[0008] The vibrating seed box comprises a fixed support, a sieve box connected to the fixed support through a plurality of damping springs of the same specification, a first armature fixed to the bottom of the sieve box shell, and a first electromagnetic vibrator installed on the fixed support and located directly below the first armature; the sieve box comprises a sieve box shell and a mesh sieve plate obliquely installed in the sieve box shell; a sieve box seed outlet is formed in the side wall of the sieve box shell at the lowest end of the mesh sieve plate; the outside of the sieve box seed outlet is connected to a seed guide groove, and the outlet end of the seed guide groove is provided with an electromagnetic switch;

[0009] The electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder is used to transport the seeds discharged from the sieve box into the horizontal screw conveyor;

[0010] The horizontal screw conveyor comprises a conveyor shell, a screw shaft and a control motor; the screw shaft extends through the conveyor shell in the axial direction, and the two ends of the screw shaft are installed on the conveyor shell through rolling bearings; the screw shaft is provided with screw blades; the output shaft of the control motor is connected to one end of the screw shaft extending out of the conveyor shell through a rigid coupling; a seed outlet is formed in the output end of the conveyor shell;

[0011] The total control system comprises an upper computer and a sinusoidal signal generating circuit; the sinusoidal signal generating circuit comprises a single-chip microcomputer control module, a sinusoidal signal generating module and a signal conditioning module; the single-chip microcomputer control module is used to receive the working signal sent by the upper computer, calculate the corresponding register parameters according to the working signal and send the corresponding register parameters to the sinusoidal signal generating module to set the corresponding register; the sinusoidal signal generating module is used to generate the corresponding sinusoidal signal after setting the corresponding register; and the signal conditioning module is used to optimize the generated sinusoidal signal;

[0012] Specifically, the total control system realizes the control of the quantitative seed adding through the following control method:

[0013] When the horizontal screw conveyor is in an empty state, the upper computer outputs a working signal to the signal input end of the single-chip microcomputer control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit, and the sieve box and the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder start working according to the set working parameters; the electromagnetic switch is turned on, and at the same time, the upper computer outputs a working signal to the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6, the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 drives the screw shaft to rotate according to the seed flow amount distribution relationship in the unit pitch by controlling the motor, and the rotation angle information of the screw shaft is collected in real time and the rotation angle of the screw shaft is controlled during the rotation process; the sieved seeds fall into the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder, are thrown forward and displaced, and then fall into the horizontal screw conveyor, and are then pushed to the seed outlet by the screw blades on the screw shaft until the horizontal screw conveyor is filled with seeds;

[0014] When the horizontal screw conveyor is in full load state, the sieve box and the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder stop working, and the seeds in the horizontal screw conveyor continue to advance to the direction of the seed outlet under the pushing of the screw blades. In the advancing process, the screw shaft always rotates according to the seed flow distribution relationship in the unit pitch, so as to realize quantitative seed feeding.

[0015] Further, the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder comprises a base, a seed feeding groove, a plurality of V-shaped support seats, a plurality of plate springs, a second armature and a second electromagnetic exciter. The input end of the seed feeding groove is located below the sieve outlet of the sieve box. A seed thickness adjusting plate is vertically installed in the seed feeding groove, and a channel for the passage of seeds is left between the lower end of the seed thickness adjusting plate and the bottom of the seed feeding groove. One section of the V-shaped support seat is installed at the bottom of the seed feeding groove, and the other section is fixedly connected with the upper end of the plate spring. The lower end of the plate spring is fixed on the base, and the plate spring is inclined to the side opposite to the displacement direction of the seeds in the seed feeding groove. The second armature and the second electromagnetic exciter are fixedly installed on the plate spring and the base respectively. The second electromagnetic exciter is located obliquely below the second armature, and the line connecting the second electromagnetic exciter and the second armature is perpendicular to the plate spring, for providing an obliquely upward exciting force to the plate spring. The second electromagnetic exciter generates a corresponding magnetic field change through the one-way thyristor rectification control circuit. The magnetic field interacts with the second armature to drive the seed feeding groove to reciprocatingly vibrate. The signal input end of the one-way thyristor rectification control circuit is electrically connected with the upper computer. The power supply voltage and the power supply time of the one-way thyristor rectification control circuit are set through the upper computer, so as to adjust the exciting force provided by the second electromagnetic excitation device. The seed outlet of the seed feeding groove is provided with a seed feeder seed outlet located above the feed inlet of the horizontal screw conveyor.

[0016] Further, the total control system further comprises a quantitative seed feeding control circuit. The quantitative seed feeding control circuit comprises an STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6, an angle sensor and a photoelectric sensor electrically connected with the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 respectively, and a motor control circuit for electrically connecting the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 and the control motor. The transmission shaft of the angle sensor is connected with the other end of the screw shaft extending out of the conveyor shell through an elastic coupling, for detecting the rotation angle information of the screw shaft. The photoelectric sensor is installed on the inner wall of the conveyor shell near the lower seed outlet, for monitoring the load state in the horizontal screw conveyor. The STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 is used for:

[0017] receiving the working signal sent by the upper computer and driving the screw shaft to rotate through the control motor, and collecting the rotation angle information of the screw shaft in real time and controlling the rotation angle of the screw shaft during the rotation;

[0018] The load state signal of the horizontal screw conveyor monitored by the photoelectric sensor is fed back to the host computer, so that the host computer outputs the working signal to the single-chip microcomputer control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit according to the load state signal.

[0019] Further, the single-chip microcomputer control module comprises an STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1, a crystal oscillator circuit and a reset circuit; the RXD / P3.0 pin and the TXD / P3.1 pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 are externally connected to the host computer, and the host computer outputs the parameter information of the required frequency, phase and amplitude to the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1; the VCC pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 is connected to an external +5V power supply; the crystal oscillator circuit comprises an external 12MHz crystal oscillator X1, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C18; one end of the external 12MHz crystal oscillator X1 is connected to the XTAL2 pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 and one end of the capacitor C6 respectively, and the other end is connected to the XTAL1 pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 and one end of the capacitor C18 respectively; the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C18 and then grounded; the reset circuit comprises a capacitor C7, a resistor R1 and a reset button S1; one end of the capacitor C7 is connected to an external +5V power supply, and the other end is connected to the RST pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 and the resistor R1 respectively; the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded; the reset button S1 is connected in parallel to the capacitor C7, and the two ends are connected to an external +5V power supply and the resistor R1 respectively;

[0020] The sine signal generation module comprises an AD9833 chip U2, a clock module circuit, a first filter circuit, a second filter circuit and a third filter circuit; the DGND pin of the AD9833 chip U2 is grounded, the FSYNC, SCLK and SDATA pins of the AD9833 chip U2 are connected to the P1.4, P1.3 and P1.2 pins of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 respectively; the clock module circuit comprises an external clock chip U3, the OUT pin of the external clock chip U3 is connected to the MCLK pin of the AD9833 chip U2, the VDD pin of the external clock chip U3 is connected to an external +5V power supply, the GND pin of the external clock chip U3 is grounded, and the NC pin of the external clock chip U3 is vacant; one end of the first filter circuit is connected to the CAP / 2.5V pin of the AD9833 chip U2, and the other end is grounded; one end of the second filter circuit is connected to an external +5V power supply and the VDD pin of the AD9833 chip U2 respectively, and the other end is grounded; one end of the third filter circuit is connected to the COMP pin of the AD9833 chip, and the other end is connected to an external +5V power supply;

[0021] The signal conditioning module comprises a voltage follower circuit, a fourth filter circuit and a signal amplification circuit connected in sequence, the voltage follower circuit is used for buffering and isolating the front and rear circuits, the fourth filter circuit is used for filtering high-frequency interference signals, and the signal amplification circuit is used for improving the amplitude of the filtered sinusoidal signal.

[0022] Further, the screen box shell below the mesh screen plate is provided with an impurity storage box; the installation inclination angle of the mesh screen plate in the screen box shell is greater than the rest angle of the stored seeds, and the diameter of the screen hole on the surface of the mesh screen plate is smaller than the average diameter of the stored seeds.

[0023] Further, the conveyor shell, the control motor and the rotation angle sensor are fixed on the horizontal working surface through the support A, the support B and the support C respectively.

[0024] The method for adding seeds of the seed adding device according to any one of the above, characterized in that, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1: measuring and testing the physical properties of different varieties of seeds, determining the working parameters of the screen box and the electromagnetic vibration seed feeder matched with the physical properties of the seeds to be screened, and installing the mesh screen plate with the aperture matched with the physical properties of the seeds to be screened in the screen box shell;

[0026] The seed adding amount test of different varieties of seeds at different rotation angle positions of the screw shaft of the horizontal screw conveyor is carried out, and the seed flow amount distribution relationship in unit pitch is obtained;

[0027] S2: when the horizontal screw conveyor is in an empty state, the upper computer outputs working signals to the signal input end of the single-chip microcomputer control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit, and the screen box and the electromagnetic vibration seed feeder start working according to the set working parameters; the electromagnetic switch is turned on, and at the same time, the upper computer outputs working signals to the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6, the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 drives the screw shaft to rotate according to the seed flow amount distribution relationship in unit pitch, and the rotation angle information of the screw shaft is collected in real time and the rotation angle of the screw shaft is controlled during the rotation process; the screened seeds fall into the electromagnetic vibration seed feeder, are thrown forward and then fall into the horizontal screw conveyor, and are then pushed to the seed outlet by the spiral blades on the screw shaft until the horizontal screw conveyor is filled with seeds;

[0028] S3: when the horizontal screw conveyor is in a full load state, the screen box and the electromagnetic vibration seed feeder stop working, and the seeds in the horizontal screw conveyor continue to advance to the seed outlet under the pushing of the spiral blades, and the screw shaft always rotates according to the seed flow amount distribution relationship in unit pitch during the advancing process, so as to realize quantitative seed adding;

[0029] S4: When the seeds in the horizontal screw conveyor are all used for sowing, the horizontal screw conveyor is empty again, at this time, steps S2-S3 are repeated.

[0030] Further, the specific process that the host computer outputs the working signal to the single-chip control module and makes the sieve box start working according to the set working parameters in step S2 is as follows:

[0031] S2.1: The STC89C52 single-chip chip U1 sets the 9-11 bits of the control register of the AD9833 chip U2 to 000, so that it works in the single-frequency mode;

[0032] S2.2: The host computer outputs the amplitude, frequency and phase parameter information matched with the physical characteristics of the seeds to be sieved to the STC89C52 single-chip chip U1;

[0033] S2.3: The STC89C52 single-chip chip U1 calculates the corresponding amplitude control word K f , frequency control word K p and phase control word K v according to the following formulas (1)-(3) and outputs them to the AD9833 chip U2 to set the corresponding amplitude, frequency and phase registers, and the formulas (1)-(3) are as follows:

[0034] K f = f0*2N / f c (1)

[0035] K p =P0*2 14 / 360° (2)

[0036] K v =V0*2 12 / V ref (3)

[0037] In the formulas, f0, P0 and V0 are the frequency, phase and amplitude matched with the physical characteristics of the seeds to be sieved, N is the frequency register bit number, f c is the reference clock frequency, and V ref is the 12-bit D / A converter reference voltage;

[0038] S2.4: The sine signal output by the AD9833 chip U2 is output to the first electromagnetic vibrator after being optimized by the signal conditioning module, so that the first electromagnetic vibrator generates corresponding magnetic field changes. The magnetic field interacts with the first armature to drive the first armature to drive the sieve box to start working according to the set amplitude, frequency and phase parameters.

[0039] Further, the load state in the horizontal screw conveyor is detected by a photoelectric sensor, the photoelectric sensor sends the load state signal to the upper computer through the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6, the upper computer outputs the working signal to the single-chip microcomputer control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit according to the received load state signal, and the opening and closing of the sieve box and the electromagnetic vibration seed feeder are realized.

[0040] The whole-disk air-suction seed metering device comprises the sieve box and the seed feeding device.

[0041] The present application has the following advantages:

[0042] 1. The seed feeding device can adjust the working parameters of the vibration seed box according to the physical properties of different seeds, on the one hand, the seeds with different physical properties can reach the best flow state in the vibration seed box, avoiding the seed blockage or uneven stratification, thereby improving the screening efficiency and ensuring the quality of the screened seeds, on the other hand, the seed internal stress increase caused by excessive vibration can be effectively prevented, and the impact between the seed and the sieve box shell is reduced, the seed integrity is protected, and the seed emergence rate and seedling growth quality are improved.

[0043] 2. The vibration seed box can be widely applied to various types and specifications of seeds, and the application range of the whole-disk air-suction seed metering device to different crop seeds is enhanced, and the flexibility and universality of the agricultural mechanical equipment are improved.

[0044] 3. The present application adds a first electromagnetic vibration seed feeder between the vibration seed box and the horizontal screw conveyor, which prevents the seed in the horizontal screw conveyor from being too much, causing instantaneous overload when starting next time.

[0045] 4. The present application monitors the angle of the screw shaft through the angle sensor, controls the seed feeding amount according to the seed flow amount distribution relationship in the unit pitch, and realizes the precision and small amount of seed metering operation.

[0046] 5. The seed feeding device can realize automatic quantitative seed feeding, that is, the seed feeding amount is set according to the seed suction requirement, and the automation and intelligent degree of the seeding machine is greatly improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Figure 1 It is a structure diagram of the seed feeding device;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a perspective view of the sieve box;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the sieve box;

[0050] Figure 4The structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetic vibrator feeder of the present application;

[0051] Figure 5 The module diagram of the total control system of the present application;

[0052] Figure 6 The circuit diagram of the single-chip microcomputer control module of the present application;

[0053] Figure 7 The circuit diagram of the sine signal generating module of the present application;

[0054] Figure 8 The overall circuit diagram of the sine signal generating module and the signal conditioning module of the present application;

[0055] Figure 9 The circuit diagram of the voltage follower circuit of the present application;

[0056] Figure 10 The circuit diagram of the fourth filter circuit of the present application;

[0057] Figure 11 The circuit diagram of the signal amplification circuit of the present application;

[0058] Figure 12 The working flow chart of the seed adding device of the present application;

[0059] Figure 13 The control flow chart of the screw shaft rotation angle of the present application;

[0060] Figure 14 The working flow chart of the sine signal generating circuit of the present application.

[0061] The reference signs are as follows:

[0062] 1: sieve box shell; 2: sieve box seed outlet; 3: damping spring; 4: feed inlet; 5: control motor; 6: rigid coupling; 7: seed guide groove; 8: rolling bearing; 9: conveyor shell; 10: spiral blade; 11: spiral shaft; 12: electromagnetic switch; 13: V-shaped support seat; 14: elastic coupling; 15: rotation angle sensor; 16: support A; 17: seed outlet; 18: support B; 19: support C; 20: second armature; 21: feeder seed outlet; 22: first electromagnetic exciter; 23: mesh sieve plate; 24: impurity storage box; 25: rubber vibration isolator; 26: base; 27: second electromagnetic exciter; 28: seed guide groove; 29: plate spring; 30: first armature; 31: seed thickness adjusting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0064] The seed adding device with adjustable working parameters comprises a vibrating seed tank, an electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder and a horizontal screw conveyor in sequence along the conveying direction of the seeds, and a total control system. Figure 1 The seed adding device is shown in the structural schematic diagram.

[0065] The vibrating seed tank comprises a fixed support (not shown in the figure), a sieve box connected to the fixed support through four same-specification damping springs 3, a first armature 30 fixed to the outer bottom of the sieve box shell 1, and a first electromagnetic exciter 22 installed on the fixed support and located directly below the first armature 30. The sieve box comprises a sieve box shell 1 and a mesh sieve plate 23 obliquely and detachably installed in the sieve box shell 1. Figure 2 、 3 The mesh sieve plate 23 is obliquely installed in the sieve box shell 1 at an angle greater than the rest angle of the stored seeds, and the mesh holes on the surface of the mesh sieve plate 23 are smaller than the average diameter of the stored seeds. An impurity storage box 24 is arranged in the sieve box shell 1 below the mesh sieve plate 23, and a sieve box seed outlet 2 is formed in the sidewall of the sieve box shell 1 at the lowest end of the mesh sieve plate 23. The outside of the sieve box seed outlet 2 is connected to a seed guide groove 7, and the outlet end of the seed guide groove 7 is provided with an electromagnetic switch 12. The first electromagnetic exciter 22 generates a corresponding magnetic field change through the sine signal generated by the sine signal receiving circuit, which interacts with the first armature 30 to drive the first armature 30 to reciprocate, thereby driving the sieve box to reciprocate, so that the screened seeds in the sieve box fall into the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder from the sieve box seed outlet 2.

[0066] The electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder comprises a base 26, a seed feeding groove 28, a plurality of V-shaped support seats 13, a plurality of plate springs 29, a second armature 20 and a second electromagnetic exciter 27. Figure 4The structure schematic diagram of the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder is shown in the embodiment. The input end of the seed feeding groove 28 is located below the seed outlet 2 of the sieve box, and a seed thickness adjusting plate 31 is vertically installed in the seed feeding groove 28 for uniformly delivering seeds to the discharge port. One section of the V-shaped support seat 13 is installed at the bottom of the seed feeding groove 28, and the other section is fixedly connected with the upper end of the plate spring 29. The lower end of the plate spring 29 is fixed on the base 26, and the plate spring 29 is inclined to the side opposite to the displacement direction of the seeds in the seed feeding groove 28. Rubber vibration isolators 25 are installed on the four corners below the base 26, and the rubber vibration isolators 25 are fixed by metal bottom sheets. The second armature 20 and the second electromagnetic exciter 27 are respectively fixedly installed on the plate spring 29 and the base 26, the second electromagnetic exciter 27 is located obliquely below the second armature 20, and the line connecting the second electromagnetic exciter 27 and the second armature 20 is perpendicular to the plate spring 29, for providing an oblique upward exciting force to the plate spring 29. The second electromagnetic exciter 27 generates a corresponding magnetic field change through the unidirectional silicon rectifier control circuit, the magnetic field interacts with the second armature 20, drives the seed feeding groove 28 to reciprocatingly vibrate, and makes the seeds falling into the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder be thrown into the horizontal screw conveyor. The signal input end of the unidirectional silicon rectifier control circuit is electrically connected with the upper computer, the power supply voltage and the power supply time of the unidirectional silicon rectifier control circuit are set through the upper computer, so as to adjust the exciting force provided by the second electromagnetic excitation device. The output end of the seed feeding groove 28 is provided with a seed feeder seed outlet 21 located above the feed inlet 4 of the horizontal screw conveyor.

[0067] The horizontal screw conveyor includes a conveyor housing 9, a screw shaft 11 and a control motor 5. The screw shaft 11 penetrates the conveyor housing 9 in the axial direction, both ends of the screw shaft 11 are installed on the conveyor housing 9 through rolling bearings 8, and the screw shaft 11 has screw blades 10. The output shaft of the control motor 5 is connected with one end of the screw shaft 11 extending out of the conveyor housing 9 through a rigid coupling 6. The output end of the conveyor housing 9 is provided with a seed inlet 17.

[0068] The total control system includes an upper computer, a sine signal generating circuit, a unidirectional silicon rectifier control circuit and a quantitative seed adding control circuit, Figure 5 The module diagram of the total control system is shown in the embodiment.

[0069] The sine wave signal generation circuit includes a microcontroller control module, a sine wave signal generation module, and a signal conditioning module. The microcontroller control module receives a working signal from a host computer, calculates the corresponding register parameters based on the working signal, and sends them to the sine wave signal generation module to set the corresponding registers. The sine wave signal generation module generates a corresponding sine wave signal after setting the corresponding registers. The signal conditioning module optimizes the generated sine wave signal.

[0070] The unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit is used to receive the working signal sent by the host computer and adjust the excitation force generated by the second electromagnetic exciter 27.

[0071] The quantitative seeding control circuit includes an STM32 microcontroller chip U6, an angle sensor and a photoelectric sensor electrically connected to the STM32 microcontroller chip U6, and a motor control circuit for electrically connecting the STM32 microcontroller chip U6 to the control motor 5. The drive shaft of the angle sensor 15 is connected to the other end of the screw shaft 11 extending out of the conveyor housing 9 via a flexible coupling 14, and is used to detect the angle information of the screw shaft 11. The photoelectric sensor is installed on the inner wall of the conveyor housing 9 near the seed inlet 17, and is used to monitor the load status in the horizontal screw conveyor. The STM32 microcontroller chip U6 is used for:

[0072] It receives the working signal sent by the host computer and drives the screw shaft 11 to rotate by controlling the motor 5. During the rotation, it collects the rotation angle information of the screw shaft 11 in real time and controls the rotation angle of the screw shaft 11.

[0073] The load status signal of the horizontal screw conveyor monitored by the photoelectric sensor is fed back to the host computer, which then outputs working signals to the microcontroller control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit based on the load status signal, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the sieve box and the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder. By adding the above-mentioned photoelectric sensor, not only can the errors and lags of manual observation be avoided, but the overall intelligence level of the device can also be improved.

[0074] The host computer is used to output working signals to the signal input terminals of the microcontroller control module, the unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit, and the STM32 microcontroller chip U6.

[0075] Furthermore, the microcontroller control module includes an STC89C52 microcontroller chip U1, a crystal oscillator circuit, and a reset circuit. Figure 6The circuit diagram of the single-chip microcomputer control module is shown in the embodiment. The RXD / P3.0 pin and the TXD / P3.1 pin of the TC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 are externally connected to an upper computer (not shown in the figure), and the upper computer outputs the parameter information of the required frequency, phase and amplitude to the TC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1. The VCC pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 is connected to an external +5V power supply. The crystal oscillator circuit includes an external 12MHz crystal oscillator X1, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C18, which are used to provide a 12MHz clock signal to the clock input of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1. One end of the external 12MHz crystal oscillator X1 is respectively connected to the XTAL2 pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 and one end of the capacitor C6, and the other end is respectively connected to the XTAL1 pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 and one end of the capacitor C18. The other end of the capacitor C6 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C18 and then grounded. The reset circuit includes a capacitor C7, a resistor R1 and a reset button S1. One end of the capacitor C7 is connected to an external +5V power supply, and the other end is respectively connected to the RST pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 and the resistor R1. The other end of the resistor R1 is grounded. The reset button S1 is connected in parallel to the capacitor C7, and the two ends are respectively connected to an external +5V power supply and the resistor R1.

[0076] The sinusoidal signal generation module includes an AD9833 chip U2, a clock module circuit, a first filter circuit, a second filter circuit and a third filter circuit, Figure 7The circuit diagram of the sine signal generation module described in the embodiment is shown in Figure 1. The AD9833 chip U2 is internally provided with a voltage regulator, a phase accumulator, a waveform memory and a D / A converter. The DGND pin of the AD9833 chip U2 is connected to the ground. Since the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 does not have a hardware SPI function, the P1.4, P1.3 and P1.2 pins of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 are connected to the FSYNC, SCLK and SDATA pins of the AD9833 chip U2 respectively, and programming is performed to obtain an analog SPI function. The clock module circuit includes an external clock chip U3, the OUT pin of the external clock chip U3 is connected to the MCLK pin of the AD9833 chip U2, and a 25MHz clock signal is provided to the main clock input of the AD9833 chip U2. The VDD pin of the external clock chip U3 is connected to an external +5V power supply. The GND pin of the external clock chip U3 is connected to the ground. The NC pin of the external clock chip U3 is left unused. The first filter circuit includes a capacitor C1 and a capacitor C2, which are connected in parallel, one end of which is connected to the CAP / 2.5V pin of the AD9833 chip U2, and the other end is connected to the ground, for filtering out interference noise. It should be noted that the digital part of the AD9833 chip U2 is powered at 2.5V, and when the voltage on the VDD pin of the AD9833 chip U2 exceeds 2.7V, the voltage regulator in the AD9833 chip U2 will generate a stable voltage of 2.5V to supply the digital circuit of the AD9833 chip. Therefore, the CAP / 2.5V pin of the AD9833 chip U2 does not need to be additionally powered. The second filter circuit includes a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4, which are connected in parallel, one end of which is connected to an external +5V power supply and the VDD pin of the AD9833 chip U2 respectively, and the other end is connected to the ground, for better filtering out interference noise. The third filter circuit includes a capacitor C5, one end of which is connected to the COMP pin of the AD9833 chip U2, and the other end is connected to an external +5V power supply, for filtering out high-frequency noise on the voltage, making the power supply voltage of the AD9833 chip U2 more stable, and playing a role in protecting the chip.

[0077] The signal conditioning module includes a voltage follower circuit, a fourth filter circuit and a signal amplification circuit connected in sequence. The voltage follower circuit has high input impedance and low output impedance, and serves as a buffer and isolation between the front-stage AD9833 chip and its peripheral circuit and the rear-stage filter circuit, and can improve the input signal quality. The voltage follower circuit includes a TL082 operational amplifier chip U4, a resistor R2, a capacitor C8, a capacitor C9, a capacitor C10 and a capacitor C11, Figure 8 , 9These are the overall circuit diagrams of the sine wave generation module and signal conditioning module described in this embodiment, as well as the circuit diagram of the voltage follower circuit. Pin 3 of the TL082 operational amplifier chip U4 is connected to the VOUT pin of the AD9833 chip U2. One end of the resistor R2 is connected to pin 1 of the TL082 operational amplifier chip U4, and the other end is connected to pin 2 of the inverting terminal of the TL082 operational amplifier chip U4. Capacitors C8 and C9 are connected in parallel, with one end grounded and the other end connected to the power supply VCC and pin 5 of the TL082 operational amplifier chip U4, respectively, to filter out interference noise. Capacitors C10 and C11 are connected in parallel, with one end connected to the power supply -VCC and pin 4 of the TL082 operational amplifier chip U4, and the other end connected to the AGND pin of the AD9833 chip U2 and ground, respectively, to filter out interference noise. Because the sine wave output by the AD9833 chip U2 contains high-frequency interference signals, it needs to be filtered out by a fourth filtering circuit before it can be used in subsequent stages. The fourth filter circuit includes inductor L1, inductor L2, and capacitor C12. Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of the fourth filter circuit described in this embodiment. One end of inductor L1 is connected to pin 1 of the TL082 operational amplifier chip U4 and resistor R2, and the other end is connected to one end of inductor L2. One end of capacitor C12 is connected to the adjacent ends of inductors L1 and L2, and the other end is connected to the other ends of inductors L1 and L2, as well as ground. The fourth filter circuit uses a third-order Chebyshev filter, which is a digital filter circuit implemented by approximation using Chebyshev polynomials. Chebyshev filters have the characteristics of a flat passband and equal stopband ripple or a flat stopband and equal passband ripple, and the stopband drops quickly, with the smallest error between it and the frequency response curve of the ideal filter. Therefore, Chebyshev filters are used to filter out high-frequency interference. This filter is composed of discrete components, has a simple structure, and can operate on signals within 120MHz. Since the amplitude of the filtered sinusoidal signal is small, it needs to be amplified by a signal amplification circuit to meet the output requirements. The signal amplification circuit includes an OPA2684 operational amplifier chip U5, resistors R3, R4, R5, an adjustable resistor RP1, and capacitors C13, C14, C15, C16, and C17. Figure 11The circuit diagram of the signal amplification circuit described in the embodiment is shown in the figure. One end of the capacitor C13 is connected to the end of the inductor L2 away from the inductor L1, and the other end is connected to pin 2 of the OPA2684 operational amplifier chip U5 and the resistor R3, respectively, for filtering out interference noise. The other end of the resistor R3 is grounded. One end of the adjustable resistor RP1 is grounded, and the other end is connected to pin 3 of the OPA2684 operational amplifier chip U5 and the resistor R5, respectively. The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to pin 1 of the OPA2684 operational amplifier chip U5 and the resistor R4, respectively, and the other end of the resistor R4 serves as a signal output terminal. The capacitors C14 and C15 are connected in parallel, with one end grounded and the other end connected to the external +5V power supply and pin 5 of the OPA2684 operational amplifier chip U5, respectively, for filtering out interference noise. The capacitors C16 and C17 are connected in parallel, with one end grounded and the other end connected to the external -5V power supply and pin 4 of the OPA2684 operational amplifier chip U5, respectively, for filtering out interference noise. The circuit amplification factor is R4 / RP1, and the amplification factor can be changed by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor RP1. The amplifier can maintain almost constant AC performance in a wide gain range, can provide a maximum output current of 120mA, and the maximum bandwidth can reach 170MHz.

[0078] Figure 12 The flow chart of the seeding method of the seeding device described in the embodiment is shown in the figure. The seeding method of the above-mentioned seeding device includes the following steps:

[0079] S1: Measure the physical properties of different varieties of seeds, determine the working parameters of the sieve box and the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder that match the physical properties of the seeds to be screened, and install the mesh screen plate 23 with a mesh size that matches the physical properties of the seeds to be screened in the sieve box shell 1; conduct a seeding amount test of different varieties of seeds at different helical shaft 11 angle positions of the horizontal screw conveyor to obtain the seed flow amount distribution relationship within a unit pitch.

[0080] S2: When the horizontal screw conveyor is in an empty state, the upper computer outputs working signals to the signal input terminals of the single-chip microcomputer control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectification control circuit, and the sieve box and the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder start working according to the set working parameters. Turn on the electromagnetic switch 12, and at the same time, the upper computer outputs working signals to the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6, and the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 drives the helical shaft 11 to rotate according to the seed flow amount distribution relationship within a unit pitch by controlling the motor 5, and in the rotating process, the angle information of the helical shaft 11 is collected in real time and the angle of the helical shaft 11 is controlled, Figure 13 The control flow chart of the helical shaft angle described in the embodiment is shown in the figure. The screened seeds fall into the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder, are thrown forward and displaced, and then fall into the horizontal screw conveyor, and are then pushed by the helical blades 10 on the helical shaft 11 to the seed outlet 17, until the horizontal screw conveyor is filled with seeds.

[0081] The specific process of the above step S2 in which the host computer outputs the working signal to the single-chip control module and makes the sieve box start working according to the set working parameters is as follows:

[0082] S2.1: The STC89C52 single-chip chip U1 sets the 9-11 bits of the control register of the AD9833 chip U2 to 000, so that it works in the single-frequency mode.

[0083] S2.2: The host computer outputs the amplitude, frequency and phase parameter information matched with the physical characteristics of the seeds to be screened to the STC89C52 single-chip chip U1.

[0084] S2.3: The STC89C52 single-chip chip U1 calculates the corresponding amplitude control word K f , frequency control word K p and phase control word K v according to the following formulas (1)-(3) and outputs them to the AD9833 chip U2 to set the corresponding amplitude, frequency and phase registers (the in-chip addresses of the control register, frequency register, phase register and amplitude control register are 1DH-20H, 04H-09H, 00H-01H and 21H-22H respectively, wherein the frequency register is 48 bits, the phase register is 14 bits, and the amplitude control register is 12 bits), and the formulas (1)-(3) are as follows:

[0085] K f = f0*2N / f c (1)

[0086] K p =P0*2 14 / 360° (2)

[0087] K v =V0*2 12 / V ref (3)

[0088] In the formulas, f0, P0 and V0 are the frequency, phase and amplitude matched with the physical characteristics of the seeds to be screened respectively, N is the number of frequency register bits, f c is the reference clock frequency (25MHz in the embodiment), and V ref is the reference voltage of the 12-bit D / A converter.

[0089] S2.4: the sine signal outputted by the AD9833 chip U2 under the action of a 25MHz reference clock, after the internal phase accumulator, waveform memory and D / A converter of the AD9833, and after the optimization of the signal conditioning module, is outputted to the first electromagnetic vibrator 22, so that the first electromagnetic vibrator 22 generates a corresponding magnetic field change, the magnetic field interacts with the first armature 30, and drives the first armature 30 to drive the sieve box to work according to the set amplitude, frequency and phase parameters, Figure 14 The working flow chart of the sine signal generation circuit is shown in the figure. If the working parameters need to be changed, only the new frequency, phase and amplitude parameters outputted by the host computer are needed.

[0090] S3: when the horizontal screw conveyor is in a full load state, the sieve box and the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder stop working, and the seeds in the horizontal screw conveyor continue to advance to the direction of the seed port 17 under the pushing of the screw blade 10, and the screw shaft 11 rotates according to the unit pitch seed flow distribution relationship during the advancing process, so as to realize quantitative seeding.

[0091] S4: when the seeds in the horizontal screw conveyor are all used for seeding, the horizontal screw conveyor is in an empty state again, and steps S2-S3 are repeated.

[0092] Further, the load state of the horizontal screw conveyor is detected by the photoelectric sensor, the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 feeds back the load state signal of the horizontal screw conveyor monitored by the photoelectric sensor to the host computer, so that the host computer outputs the working signal to the single-chip microcomputer control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit according to the load state signal, and realizes the opening and closing of the sieve box and the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder (if the sieve box and the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder need to be stopped, only the working signal with a working parameter of 0 needs to be inputted to the signal input end of the single-chip microcomputer control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit by the host computer).

[0093] The embodiment also relates to a whole-disk air-suction seed metering device comprising the seeding device.

[0094] The embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and any obvious improvement, replacement or modification made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential content of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A seed adding device with a vibration seed bin with adjustable working parameters, characterized in that, The vibrating seed tank, the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder and the horizontal screw conveyor are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the seeds, and a total control system is further arranged; The vibrating seed tank comprises a fixed support, a sieve box connected to the fixed support by a plurality of damping springs (3) of the same specification, a first armature (30) fixed to the bottom of the sieve box shell (1), and a first electromagnetic exciter (22) installed on the fixed support and directly below the first armature (30); the sieve box comprises a sieve box shell (1) and a mesh sieve plate (23) obliquely installed in the sieve box shell (1); a sieve box seed outlet (2) is formed in the side wall of the sieve box shell (1) at the lowest end of the mesh sieve plate (23); the outside of the sieve box seed outlet (2) is connected to a seed guide groove (7), and the outlet end of the seed guide groove (7) is provided with an electromagnetic switch (12); the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder is used to convey the seeds discharged from the sieve box into the horizontal screw conveyor; The horizontal screw conveyor comprises a conveyor shell (9), a screw shaft (11) and a control motor (5); the screw shaft (11) penetrates the conveyor shell (9) in the axial direction, and the two ends of the screw shaft (11) are installed on the conveyor shell (9) through rolling bearings (8); the screw shaft (11) is provided with screw blades (10); the output shaft of the control motor (5) is connected to one end of the screw shaft (11) extending out of the conveyor shell (9) through a rigid coupling (6); and a seed outlet (17) is formed in the output end of the conveyor shell (9); The total control system comprises an upper computer and a sinusoidal signal generating circuit; the sinusoidal signal generating circuit comprises a single-chip microcomputer control module, a sinusoidal signal generating module and a signal conditioning module; the single-chip microcomputer control module is used to receive a working signal sent by the upper computer, calculate corresponding register parameters according to the working signal and send the register parameters to the sinusoidal signal generating module to set corresponding registers; the sinusoidal signal generating module is used to generate corresponding sinusoidal signals after setting the corresponding registers; and the signal conditioning module is used to optimize the generated sinusoidal signals; specifically, the total control system realizes the control of quantitative seed feeding by the following control method: When the horizontal screw conveyor is in an empty state, the upper computer outputs a working signal to the signal input end of the single-chip microcomputer control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit, and the sieve box and the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder start working according to the set working parameters; the electromagnetic switch (12) is turned on, and the upper computer outputs a working signal to the single-chip microcomputer chip U6, which drives the screw shaft (11) to rotate according to the seed flow amount distribution relationship in the unit pitch through the control motor (5); the rotation angle information of the screw shaft (11) is collected in real time during the rotation process, and the rotation angle of the screw shaft (11) is controlled; the sieved seeds are thrown forward and displaced in the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder and then fall into the horizontal screw conveyor, and then the seeds are pushed to the seed outlet (17) by the screw blades (10) on the screw shaft (11) until the horizontal screw conveyor is filled with seeds; When the horizontal screw conveyor is in full load state, the sieve box and the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder stop working, the seeds in the horizontal screw conveyor continue to advance to the direction of the seed outlet (17) under the pushing of the screw blade (10), and the screw shaft (11) rotates according to the seed flow distribution relationship in the unit pitch during the advancing process, so as to realize quantitative seed adding.

2. The inseminating device of claim 1, wherein The electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder comprises a base (26), a seed feeding groove (28), a plurality of V-shaped support seats (13), a plurality of plate springs (29), a second armature (20) and a second electromagnetic exciter (27); the input end of the seed feeding groove (28) is located below the sieve box seed outlet (2) of the sieve box, a seed thickness adjusting plate (31) is vertically installed in the seed feeding groove (28), and a channel for the passage of seeds is left between the lower end of the seed thickness adjusting plate (31) and the bottom of the seed feeding groove (28); one section of the V-shaped support seat (13) is installed at the bottom of the seed feeding groove (28), and the other section is fixedly connected with the upper end of the plate spring (29); the lower end of the plate spring (29) is fixed on the base (26), and the plate spring (29) is inclined to the side opposite to the displacement direction of the seeds in the seed feeding groove (28); the second armature (20) and the second electromagnetic exciter (27) are fixedly installed on the plate spring (29) and the base (26) respectively, the second electromagnetic exciter (27) is located obliquely below the second armature (20), and the line connecting the second electromagnetic exciter (27) and the second armature (20) is perpendicular to the plate spring (29), so as to provide an obliquely upward exciting force to the plate spring (29); the second electromagnetic exciter (27) generates a corresponding magnetic field change through the one-way thyristor rectification control circuit, the magnetic field interacts with the second armature (20), and the seed feeding groove (28) is driven to reciprocate; the signal input end of the one-way thyristor rectification control circuit is electrically connected with the upper computer, the power supply voltage and the power supply time of the one-way thyristor rectification control circuit are set through the upper computer, so as to adjust the exciting force provided by the second electromagnetic excitation device; the seed feeder seed outlet (21) located above the feed inlet (4) of the horizontal screw conveyor is arranged on the output end of the seed feeding groove (28).

3. The inseminating device of claim 2, wherein The total control system further comprises a quantitative seed adding control circuit; the quantitative seed adding control circuit comprises an STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6, an angle sensor and a photoelectric sensor which are electrically connected with the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 respectively, and a motor control circuit for electrically connecting the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 and the control motor (5); the transmission shaft of the angle sensor (15) is connected with the other end of the screw shaft (11) extending out of the conveyor shell (9) through an elastic coupling (14), and is used for detecting the angle information of the screw shaft (11); the photoelectric sensor is installed on the inner wall of the conveyor shell (9) near the lower seed outlet (17), and is used for monitoring the load state in the horizontal screw conveyor; the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 is used for: Receive the work signal issued by the host computer and drive the screw shaft (11) to rotate through the control motor (5), and collect the rotation angle information of the screw shaft (11) in real time during the rotation process and control the rotation angle of the screw shaft (11); The load state signal of the horizontal screw conveyor monitored by the photoelectric sensor is fed back to the host computer, so that the host computer outputs the work signal to the single-chip microcomputer control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit according to the load state signal.

4. The inseminating device of claim 1 wherein, The single-chip microcomputer control module comprises an STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1, a crystal oscillator circuit and a reset circuit; the RXD / P3.0 pin and the TXD / P3.1 pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 are externally connected to the host computer, and the host computer outputs the required frequency, phase and amplitude parameter information to the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1; the VCC pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 is connected with an external +5V power supply; the crystal oscillator circuit comprises an external 12MHz crystal oscillator X1, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C18; one end of the external 12MHz crystal oscillator X1 is connected with the XTAL2 pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 and one end of the capacitor C6 respectively, and the other end is connected with the XTAL1 pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 and one end of the capacitor C18 respectively; the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C18 and then grounded; the reset circuit comprises a capacitor C7, a resistor R1 and a reset button S1; one end of the capacitor C7 is connected with an external +5V power supply, and the other end is connected with the RST pin of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 and the resistor R1 respectively; the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded; the reset button S1 is connected with the capacitor C7 in parallel, and the two ends are connected with an external +5V power supply and the resistor R1 respectively; The sine signal generation module comprises an AD9833 chip U2, a clock module circuit, a first filter circuit, a second filter circuit and a third filter circuit; the DGND pin of the AD9833 chip U2 is grounded, the FSYNC, SCLK and SDATA pins of the AD9833 chip U2 are connected with the P1.4, P1.3 and P1.2 pins of the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 respectively; the clock module circuit comprises an external clock chip U3, the OUT pin of the external clock chip U3 is connected with the MCLK pin of the AD9833 chip U2, the VDD pin of the external clock chip U3 is connected with an external +5V power supply, the GND pin of the external clock chip U3 is grounded, and the NC pin of the external clock chip U3 is vacant; one end of the first filter circuit is connected with the CAP / 2.5V pin of the AD9833 chip U2, and the other end is grounded; one end of the second filter circuit is connected with an external +5V power supply and the VDD pin of the AD9833 chip U2 respectively, and the other end is grounded; one end of the third filter circuit is connected with the COMP pin of the AD9833 chip, and the other end is connected with an external +5V power supply; The signal conditioning module comprises a voltage follower circuit, a fourth filter circuit and a signal amplification circuit connected in sequence, the voltage follower circuit is used for buffering and isolating the front and rear circuits, the fourth filter circuit is used for filtering high-frequency interference signals, and the signal amplification circuit is used for improving the amplitude of the filtered sinusoidal signal.

5. The inseminating device of claim 1 wherein, The screen box shell (1) below the mesh screen plate (23) is provided with an impurity storage box (24); the installation inclination angle of the mesh screen plate (23) in the screen box shell (1) is greater than the rest angle of the stored seeds, and the mesh diameter of the surface of the mesh screen plate (23) is smaller than the average diameter of the stored seeds.

6. The inseminating device of claim 3, wherein The conveyor housing (9), the control motor (5) and the rotation angle sensor (15) are fixed on the horizontal working surface through support A (16), support B (18) and support C (19) respectively.

7. The method of seeding of the apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: measuring the physical properties of different varieties of seeds, determining the working parameters of the screen box and the electromagnetic seed vibrator matched with the physical properties of the seeds to be screened, and installing the mesh screen plate (23) with the aperture matched with the physical properties of the seeds to be screened in the screen box shell (1); The seed loading amount test of different varieties of seeds at different rotation angle positions of the screw shaft (11) is carried out on the horizontal screw conveyor, and the seed flow amount distribution relationship in the unit pitch is obtained; S2: when the horizontal screw conveyor is in an empty state, the upper computer outputs working signals to the signal input end of the single-chip microcomputer control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectification control circuit, and the screen box and the electromagnetic seed vibrator start working according to the set working parameters; the electromagnetic switch (12) is turned on, and the upper computer outputs working signals to the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6, the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 drives the screw shaft (11) to rotate according to the seed flow amount distribution relationship in the unit pitch through the control motor (5), and the rotation angle information of the screw shaft (11) is collected in real time and the rotation angle of the screw shaft (11) is controlled during the rotation process; the screened seeds fall into the electromagnetic seed vibrator, are thrown forward and then fall into the horizontal screw conveyor, and are then pushed to the seed outlet (17) by the spiral blade (10) on the screw shaft (11) until the horizontal screw conveyor is filled with seeds; S3: when the horizontal screw conveyor is in a full load state, the screen box and the electromagnetic seed vibrator stop working, and the seeds in the horizontal screw conveyor continue to advance to the seed outlet (17) under the pushing of the spiral blade (10), and the screw shaft (11) always rotates according to the seed flow amount distribution relationship in the unit pitch during the advancing process, so that quantitative seed loading is realized; S4: when all the seeds in the horizontal screw conveyor are used for seed loading, the horizontal screw conveyor is in an empty state again, and steps S2-S3 are repeated.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, In step S2, the specific process that the upper computer outputs working signals to the single-chip microcomputer control module and makes the screen box start working according to the set working parameters is as follows: S2.1: the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1 sets the 9-11 bits of the control register of the AD9833 chip U2 to 000, so that the AD9833 chip U2 works in a single frequency mode; S2.2: The host computer outputs the amplitude, frequency and phase parameter information matching the physical characteristics of the seeds to be screened to the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer chip U1; S2.3: STC89C52 single-chip U1 calculates the corresponding amplitude control word K, frequency control word K and phase control word K according to the following formulas (1)-(3) and outputs them to AD9833 chip U2 to set the corresponding amplitude, frequency and phase registers. f p v The formulas (1)-(3) are as follows:​​ K f = f0*2N / f c (1) K p = P0*2 14 / 360° (2) K v = V0*2 12 / V ref (3) In the formula, f0, P0, V0 are frequency, phase and amplitude matched with physical characteristics of the seeds to be screened, N is the frequency register bit number, f c is the reference clock frequency, V ref is the 12-bit D / A converter reference voltage; S2.4: The sine signal output by the AD9833 chip U2 is optimized by the signal conditioning module and then output to the first electromagnetic vibrator (22), so that it generates corresponding magnetic field changes. The magnetic field interacts with the first armature (30) to drive the first armature (30) to drive the screening box to work according to the set amplitude, frequency and phase parameters.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the seed is a seed of a crop plant. The load state in the horizontal screw conveyor is detected by the photoelectric sensor, and the STM32 single-chip microcomputer chip U6 feeds back the load state signal of the horizontal screw conveyor monitored by the photoelectric sensor to the host computer, so that it outputs the working signal to the single-chip microcomputer control module and the unidirectional thyristor rectifier control circuit according to the load state signal, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the screening box and the electromagnetic vibrating seed feeder.

10. A whole-disk air-suction seed metering device comprising the seed adding device according to any one of claims 1-6.

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