Pepper transplanting and seedling separating device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of pepper transplanting seedling device, effectively solve the problem that pepper transplanting lacks effective and feasible automatic seedling device;Including two conveyors, the belt surface of conveyor is elastic, two conveyors are arranged side by side before and after, and belt surface contact, the belt surface of two drive belts has speed difference, the belt surface of each conveyor is equipped with several arc grooves perpendicular to belt surface, arc grooves are equidistantly distributed on belt surface, each arc groove can accommodate a pepper seedling stem;The right end of conveyor is equipped with a wedge, the tip of wedge is wedged between the right end of two conveyors, and the front and back sides of wedge are respectively parallel to the belt surface of front and back two drive belts, the pepper seedling in arc groove moves to the gap between right end two drive belt belt surface after separating immediately and then continues to move along arc groove in the gap between wedge and belt surface;The present application realizes the function of pepper seedling division, reduces manual input, and technical scheme is easy to implement, equipment threshold and cost are low, and it is beneficial to popularization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a pepper transplanting and seedling separating device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pepper transplanting refers to transplanting pepper seedlings completed by cultivation according to fixed plant spacing. The initial seedling pulling, seedling separating and transplanting are completed by manual work, which is extremely low in efficiency. With the development of agricultural equipment, pepper transplanting is gradually mechanized. There are generally two forms of transplanting machines. One is through ploughing, for example, the invention patent with the application number CN201711113931.2 and the name of a small pepper double-row transplanting machine, which ploughs a ridge in the ground by a ditching device, manually puts the pepper seedlings into the seedling cups one by one, and then falls into the ridge through the seedling falling pipe, and finally covers the soil to complete the transplanting. The other is through insertion, for example, the invention patent with the application number 202011369914.7 and the name of a wheat-pepper intercropping pepper transplanting machine and a pepper transplanting method applying the same, which puts the seedlings into the receiving cups, and the receiving cups move up and down reciprocally at a fixed frequency through the connecting rod structure with the movement of the vehicle body. When the receiving cups reach the lowest point, they are inserted into the soil, the bottom of the receiving cups is opened, the seedlings fall into the holes, and the receiving cups rise again, and the surrounding soil automatically returns to complete the transplanting.

[0003] It can be found that, whether it is a ploughing or an insertion device, it is difficult to achieve mechanical automatic seedling separating, so the main link limiting the work efficiency is the one-by-one seedling feeding. The invention patent with the application number 201910551982.6 and the name of a rotary seedling separating device of an agricultural machine uses the gear groove to take out the seedlings in the seedling box one by one, and then uses the conveyor belt to transport them. This method is suitable for light pole seedlings without leaves. Since the pepper seedling leaves are staggered together instead of being independent, and the pepper seedling is thin and fragile, it is difficult to put the seedlings into the gear groove one by one when the gear groove passes, and it is also difficult to separate the seedlings one by one, and the seedlings are easily damaged.

[0004] The invention patent with the application number 202010578804.5 and the name of a vibration type sweet potato bare seedling automatic and orderly seedling separating device uses vibration to separate the seedlings. This method cannot guarantee that the seedlings are separated one by one.

[0005] The invention patent with the application number 201410195060.3 and the name of a crop bare seedling separating device uses a seedling clamping device to take out the bare seedling of leek from the seedling box. Since the pepper seedling is thin and fragile, it is difficult to accurately pick up one seedling from the bundle of pepper seedlings without damaging the seedling. First, it needs high sensing accuracy and action control accuracy. Second, the actions of picking up, shifting, putting down and resetting are complex and slow, and multiple hydraulic cylinders, motors and other action execution components are needed, which is high in cost and not conducive to agricultural promotion.

[0006] In summary, so far, the existing seedling separating equipment cannot effectively separate pepper seedlings, which has become the main link restricting the improvement of the automatic degree of pepper transplanting machine. SUMMARY

[0007] The application provides a pepper transplanting and seedling separating device, and aims to solve the problem of lack of effective and feasible automatic seedling separating equipment in pepper transplanting.

[0008] The technical solution comprises a seedling storage box, a seedling separating unit and a seedling falling unit, the seedling storage box is a funnel-shaped box with a left wide and right narrow structure and an open right side, and the bottom surface of the seedling storage box is an inclined surface with a left high and right low structure; the seedling separating unit comprises two conveying belts, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts are elastic, the roller axes of the two conveying belts are vertically arranged, the two conveying belts are arranged side by side in front and back, and the belt surfaces are in contact, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts are both moved to the right side, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts have a speed difference, a plurality of arc-shaped grooves perpendicular to the belt surfaces are arranged on the belt surface of each conveying belt, the arc-shaped grooves are equidistantly distributed on the belt surface, and each arc-shaped groove can accommodate a pepper seedling stem; a wedge-shaped block is arranged at the right end of the conveying belt, the tip of the wedge-shaped block is wedged between the right ends of the two conveying belts, the front and back sides of the wedge-shaped block are parallel to the belt surfaces of the front and back conveying belts respectively, and the pepper seedlings in the arc-shaped grooves are moved to the right end, separated from the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts and then immediately enter the gap between the wedge-shaped block and the belt surfaces to continue moving along the arc-shaped grooves; the seedling falling unit comprises two vertical seedling falling pipes, the two seedling falling pipes are located directly below the front and back ends of the wedge-shaped block respectively, the diameter of the seedling falling pipe can allow a single pepper seedling to freely fall in the seedling falling pipe, the pepper seedlings falling from the arc-shaped grooves fall into the seedling falling pipes and are vertically arranged in a straight line to be stored in the seedling falling pipes, and a hinged baffle plate is arranged at the lower end of the seedling falling pipe to control the seedling falling.

[0009] The depth of the arc-shaped groove on the faster conveying belt is greater than the depth of the arc-shaped groove on the slower conveying belt.

[0010] A sponge surface layer is compounded on the belt surface of the conveying belt, and the arc-shaped groove is arranged on the sponge surface layer.

[0011] A slot is arranged on the side wall of the seedling falling pipe, an eccentric roller with a horizontal axis is arranged in the slot, the distance between the eccentric roller and the lower end of the seedling falling pipe is equal to 1.3 to 1.5 times the height of the pepper seedling, one side of the eccentric roller is cut into the seedling falling pipe, when the eccentric roller is rotated to the side far away from the axis and cut into the seedling falling pipe, the passable cross-sectional area of the seedling falling pipe is reduced, and the second and above pepper seedlings from bottom to top cannot fall.

[0012] An air suction pump is arranged on the lower end side wall of the seedling falling pipe, and when the air suction pump is started, an airflow from top to bottom is formed in the seedling falling pipe.

[0013] A material falling funnel is arranged at the upper end of the seedling falling pipe.

[0014] The front and rear sidewalls of the seedling storage box are respectively provided with a vertical feeding roller, and the inner sides of the two feeding rollers move rightward.

[0015] The application realizes the function of transplanting pepper seedlings, realizes the automation of the whole transplanting process, greatly improves the transplanting effect, reduces the labor input, and is easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a top view of the application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a front view of the application.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a top view of the seedling falling pipe. Figure 1 The eccentric roller is in a pressing state.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a top view of the seedling falling pipe. Figure 2 The eccentric roller is in an open state.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a perspective view of the seedling falling pipe.

[0021] Figure 6 It is an enlarged view of position A. Figure 5 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In combination with the drawings, the application comprises a seedling storage box 1, a seedling dividing unit and a seedling falling unit. The seedling storage box 1 is a funnel-shaped box with a left wide and right narrow structure, and the right side is open. The bottom surface of the seedling storage box 1 is a left high and right low inclined surface. The pepper seedlings to be transplanted are stored in the seedling storage box 1 and are sent out from the right side opening to the seedling inlet end of the seedling dividing unit. The pepper seedlings in the seedling storage box 1 will slide along the bottom surface to the right side outlet.

[0023] ​The seedling separating unit comprises two conveying belts 2, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2 are elastic, the roller axes of the two conveying belts 2 are vertically arranged, the two conveying belts 2 are arranged side by side in front of and behind each other, and the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2 are in contact, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2 in contact are both moving to the right, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2 have a speed difference, the opening of the seedling storage box 1 is aligned with the middle line of the left ends of the two conveying belts 2, the pepper seedlings are sent out from the seedling storage box 1 and then enter between the two conveying belts 2, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2 are elastically deformed to clamp the pepper seedlings and convey the pepper seedlings to the right, since the two conveying belts 2 have a speed difference, the pepper seedlings between the belt surfaces have a twisting action, so that the bundled pepper seedlings are twisted and arranged in a horizontal line, a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 3 perpendicular to the belt surfaces are arranged on the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2, the arc-shaped grooves 3 are equally distributed on the belt surfaces, each arc-shaped groove 3 can accommodate a pepper seedling, since the two conveying belts 2 have a speed difference, the speed of the pepper seedlings clamped in the conveying belts 2 moving to the right is at least the speed difference of one conveying belt, so the pepper seedlings must pass through the arc-shaped grooves 3 when moving to the right with the conveying belts 2, when the pepper seedling passes through an empty arc-shaped groove 3, the pepper seedling enters the arc-shaped groove 3 and then moves synchronously with the conveying belt 2, the subsequent pepper seedlings also enter the subsequent arc-shaped grooves 3 in sequence, the pepper seedlings in the arc-shaped grooves 3 on the faster conveying belt 2 meet the pepper seedlings in the arc-shaped grooves 3 on the slower conveying belt 2 and then pass through the slower pepper seedlings; the right end of the conveying belt 2 is provided with a wedge-shaped block 4, the tip of the wedge-shaped block 4 is wedged between the right ends of the two conveying belts 2, the front and back sides of the wedge-shaped block 4 are parallel to the belt surfaces of the front and back conveying belts respectively, the pepper seedlings in the arc-shaped grooves 3 move to the right end of the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2, and then enter the gap between the wedge-shaped block 4 and the belt surfaces to continue moving with the arc-shaped grooves 3, the wedge-shaped block 4 and the arc-shaped grooves 3 form clamping of the pepper seedlings, the pepper seedlings come out of the gap between the wedge-shaped block 4 and the belt surfaces when moving to the edge of the wedge-shaped block 4, and the pepper seedlings without clamping fall from the arc-shaped grooves 3.

[0024] The seedling separating unit comprises two conveying belts 2, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2 are elastic, the roller axes of the two conveying belts 2 are vertically arranged, the two conveying belts 2 are arranged side by side in front of and behind each other, and the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2 are in contact, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2 in contact are both moving to the right, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2 have a speed difference, the opening of the seedling storage box 1 is aligned with the middle line of the left ends of the two conveying belts 2, the pepper seedlings are sent out from the seedling storage box 1 and then enter between the two conveying belts 2, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2 are elastically deformed to clamp the pepper seedlings and convey the pepper seedlings to the right, since the two conveying belts 2 have a speed difference, the pepper seedlings between the belt surfaces have a twisting action, so that the bundled pepper seedlings are twisted and arranged in a horizontal line, a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 3 perpendicular to the belt surfaces are arranged on the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2, the arc-shaped grooves 3 are equally distributed on the belt surfaces, each arc-shaped groove 3 can accommodate a pepper seedling, since the two conveying belts 2 have a speed difference, the speed of the pepper seedlings clamped in the conveying belts 2 moving to the right is at least the speed difference of one conveying belt, so the pepper seedlings must pass through the arc-shaped grooves 3 when moving to the right with the conveying belts 2, when the pepper seedling passes through an empty arc-shaped groove 3, the pepper seedling enters the arc-shaped groove 3 and then moves synchronously with the conveying belt 2, the subsequent pepper seedlings also enter the subsequent arc-shaped grooves 3 in sequence, the pepper seedlings in the arc-shaped grooves 3 on the faster conveying belt 2 meet the pepper seedlings in the arc-shaped grooves 3 on the slower conveying belt 2 and then pass through the slower pepper seedlings; the right end of the conveying belt 2 is provided with a wedge-shaped block 4, the tip of the wedge-shaped block 4 is wedged between the right ends of the two conveying belts 2, the front and back sides of the wedge-shaped block 4 are parallel to the belt surfaces of the front and back conveying belts respectively, the pepper seedlings in the arc-shaped grooves 3 move to the right end of the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2, and then enter the gap between the wedge-shaped block 4 and the belt surfaces to continue moving with the arc-shaped grooves 3, the wedge-shaped block 4 and the arc-shaped grooves 3 form clamping of the pepper seedlings, the pepper seedlings come out of the gap between the wedge-shaped block 4 and the belt surfaces when moving to the edge of the wedge-shaped block 4, and the pepper seedlings without clamping fall from the arc-shaped grooves 3.

[0025] The depth of the arc-shaped grooves 3 on the faster conveying belt 2 is greater than the depth of the arc-shaped grooves 3 on the slower conveying belt 2, when the arc-shaped groove 3 with the pepper seedling on one of the conveying belts 2 meets the empty arc-shaped groove 3 on the other conveying belt 2, since the arc-shaped groove 3 on the faster conveying belt 2 is deeper, the pepper seedling enters the arc-shaped groove 3 on the faster conveying belt 2 and moves synchronously with the faster conveying belt 2, so that the pepper seedling can be conveyed to the right end faster and the conveying efficiency is improved.

[0026] The belt surface of the conveying belt 2 is compounded with a sponge surface layer 7, and the arc-shaped groove 3 is arranged on the sponge surface layer 7. The sponge is soft and can be deformed greatly, and will not scratch the pepper seedling stems. Meanwhile, the clamping force generated by the elastic deformation is sufficient to hold the pepper seedlings.

[0027] The side wall of the seedling falling pipe 5 is provided with a slot 8, and an eccentric roller 9 with a horizontal axis is arranged in the slot 8. The distance between the eccentric roller 9 and the lower end of the seedling falling pipe 5 is equal to 1.3 to 1.5 times the height of the pepper seedlings, which is the average height of the seedlings in the batch. The eccentric roller 9 is located at the second stem from the bottom of the pepper seedlings, and the eccentric roller 9 is cut into the seedling falling pipe 5. The rotation of the eccentric roller 9 changes the depth of the eccentric roller 9 cut into the seedling falling pipe 5. When the eccentric roller 9 is rotated to the side far from the axis and cut into the seedling falling pipe 5, the through section area of the seedling falling pipe 5 is reduced, and the second and above pepper seedlings cannot fall. At this time, the baffle 6 is opened, and the lowest pepper seedling falls into the seedling planting machine, realizing single seedling falling. After the baffle 6 is closed, the eccentric roller 9 is rotated by 180 degrees, and the upper pepper seedlings fall onto the baffle 6.

[0028] The lower end of the side wall of the seedling falling pipe 5 is provided with an air pump 10. When the air pump 10 is started, an air flow is formed in the seedling falling pipe 5 from top to bottom, which blows the pepper seedlings and makes the pepper seedlings fall more smoothly.

[0029] The upper end of the seedling falling pipe 5 is provided with a seedling falling funnel 11, which ensures that the pepper seedlings fall into the seedling falling pipe.

[0030] The front and rear side walls of the seedling storage box 1 are each provided with a vertical feeding roller 12. The inner sides of the two feeding rollers 12 move to the right, and the two feeding rollers 12 can push the pepper seedlings in the seedling storage box 1 to the right.

[0031] The conveying belt 2, the eccentric roller 9, the feeding roller 12 and the baffle 6 are all driven by a motor.

[0032] The pepper seedlings to be transplanted are placed in the seedling storage box 1, and the pepper seedlings are sent to the right end of the two conveying belts 2 from the right side of the seedling storage box 1, and then are conveyed to the right between the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2. Since the two conveying belts 2 have a speed difference, the pepper seedlings between the belt surfaces have a twisting action, so that a group of several pepper seedling stems can be twisted into a left-right linear arrangement. Since the two conveying belts 2 have a speed difference, the speed of the pepper seedlings clamped in the conveying belt 2 moving to the right is at least the speed difference of one of the conveying belts, so the pepper seedlings will inevitably pass through the arc-shaped grooves 3 when moving to the right along the conveying belt 2. When the pepper seedling stem passes through an empty arc-shaped groove 3, it will enter the arc-shaped groove 3, and then will move synchronously with the conveying belt 2. The subsequent pepper seedlings will also enter the subsequent arc-shaped grooves 3. The leaf part of the pepper seedling in the arc-shaped groove 3 of the faster conveying belt 2 will pass over the slower pepper seedling when meeting the pepper seedling in the arc-shaped groove 3 of the slower conveying belt 2. When the arc-shaped groove 3 with a pepper seedling on one of the conveying belts 2 meets the empty arc-shaped groove 3 on the other conveying belt 2, the pepper seedling will enter the arc-shaped groove 3 on the faster conveying belt 2 due to the deeper arc-shaped groove 3 on the faster conveying belt 2, and move synchronously with the faster conveying belt 2, so as to be conveyed to the right end faster and improve the conveying efficiency.

[0033] The pepper seedlings are separated one by one by the arc-shaped grooves 3 during the right conveying process, and when the pepper seedlings are conveyed to the right end of the conveying belt 2, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts 2 are separated, and the pepper seedlings immediately enter the gap between the wedge-shaped block 4 and the belt surface to continue moving with the arc-shaped groove 3. After coming out of the gap between the wedge-shaped block 4 and the belt surface, the pepper seedlings fall into the seedling falling pipe 5 and are stored vertically in a linear arrangement in the seedling falling pipe 5. The eccentric roller 9 presses the stem of the second pepper seedling from the bottom, and the baffle 6 at the lower end of the seedling falling pipe 5 opens and closes at a fixed frequency to send the pepper seedlings to the seedling planting machine one by one. When the baffle 6 is opened, the eccentric roller 9 presses the second seedling, and the second and subsequent pepper seedlings cannot fall. After the baffle 6 is closed, the eccentric roller 9 rotates to release the pepper seedling, and the pepper seedlings in the seedling falling pipe 5 fall as a whole to the baffle 6 by one seedling position. The eccentric roller 9 rotates again to press the second seedling, and the cycle is repeated. The two seedling falling pipes 5 supply the pepper seedlings to the seedling planting machine in turn.

[0034] The application twists the pepper seedlings by two transmission belts with surface contact and speed difference, arranges the pepper seedlings transversely and in parallel between the transmission belts, and makes the arranged pepper seedlings embed into the arc-shaped groove 3 one by one to realize single plant separation by the speed difference between the pepper seedlings and the arc-shaped groove 3. Since the pepper seedlings are arranged one by one and clamped between the two layers of belt surfaces, the pepper seedlings can embed into the arc-shaped groove 3 when passing through the arc-shaped groove 3, and the elastic sponge surface layer 7 can effectively hold the pepper seedlings and will not damage the seedlings, so that the function of separating the plants is realized, the existing pepper transplanting equipment is supplemented, the artificialization of one link is realized, the automation of the whole transplanting process is realized, the transplanting effect is greatly improved, and the manual input is reduced. Moreover, the device is easy to realize, the equipment threshold and cost are low, and is beneficial to popularization.

Claims

1. A pepper transplanting and thinning device, comprising a seedling storage box (1), a thinning unit and a seedling dropping unit, the seedling storage box (1) is a funnel-shaped box with a left side wider than a right side and an open right side, and the bottom surface of the seedling storage box (1) is a left-high right-low inclined surface; characterized in that, The seedling separating unit comprises two conveying belts (2), the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts (2) are elastic, the roller axes of the two conveying belts are vertically arranged, the two conveying belts (2) are arranged side by side in front of and behind each other and the belt surfaces contact each other, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts (2) contact each other and move to the right, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts have a speed difference, each of the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts (2) is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped grooves (3) which are perpendicular to the belt surface and are equidistantly distributed on the belt surface, each of the arc-shaped grooves (3) can accommodate a pepper seedling stem, the right end of each of the conveying belts (2) is provided with a wedge-shaped block (4), the tip of the wedge-shaped block (4) is wedged between the right ends of the two conveying belts (2), the front and back sides of the wedge-shaped block (4) are parallel to the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts respectively, the pepper seedling in the arc-shaped groove (3) moves to the right end, the belt surfaces of the two conveying belts are separated and then the pepper seedling immediately enters the gap between the wedge-shaped block (4) and the belt surface and continues to move along the arc-shaped groove (3), the seedling falling unit comprises two vertical seedling falling pipes (5), the two seedling falling pipes (5) are located directly below the front and back ends of the wedge-shaped block (4) respectively, the diameter of the seedling falling pipe (5) can allow a single pepper seedling to freely fall in the seedling falling pipe (5), the pepper seedling falling from the arc-shaped groove (3) falls into the seedling falling pipe (5) and is vertically arranged in a straight line and is stored in the seedling falling pipe (5), the lower end of the seedling falling pipe (5) is hingedly connected with a closable baffle (6) for controlling the seedling falling. The depth of the arc-shaped groove (3) on the faster conveying belt (2) is greater than the depth of the arc-shaped groove (3) on the slower conveying belt (2). The sidewall of the seedling falling pipe (5) is provided with a slot (8), the slot (8) is provided with an eccentric roller (9) which is horizontally arranged, the distance between the eccentric roller (9) and the lower end of the seedling falling pipe (5) is equal to 1.3 to 1.5 times the height of the pepper seedling, one side of the eccentric roller (9) is cut into the seedling falling pipe (5), when the eccentric roller (9) is rotated to the side far away from the axis and is cut into the seedling falling pipe (5), the passable cross-sectional area of the seedling falling pipe (5) is reduced, the second and above pepper seedlings from bottom to top cannot fall. The lower end sidewall of the seedling falling pipe (5) is provided with an air suction pump (10), when the air suction pump (10) is started, an airflow is formed in the seedling falling pipe (5) from top to bottom.

2. The pepper transplant and seedling separating device according to claim 1, wherein, The belt surface of the conveying belt (2) is provided with a sponge surface layer (7), the arc-shaped groove (3) is formed in the sponge surface layer (7).

3. The pepper transplant and seedling separating device according to claim 1, wherein, The upper end of the seedling falling pipe (5) is provided with a seedling falling funnel (11).

4. The pepper transplant and seedling separating device according to claim 1, wherein, The front and back sidewalls of the seedling storage box (1) are respectively provided with a vertical feeding roller (12), the inner sides of the two feeding rollers (12) move to the right.

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