A method for cleaning landslide area at the end of an open-pit mine

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cleaning a landslide area at the end wall of an open-pit mine, comprising a middle cleaning scheme and an edge cleaning scheme; the sliding body cleaning process is implemented in sections, regions and steps, so that construction can be carried out before the sliding body is completely stable, thereby shortening the cleaning time of the sliding body, causing little disturbance to the sliding body during the cleaning process, and reducing the risk of secondary landslides; the inner row replacement and the sliding body cleaning are followed up synchronously, thereby strengthening the stability of the replaced area, thereby improving the stability of the sliding body and even the end wall as a whole, the replaced sliding body remains stationary and is directly covered by the subsequent inner row as part of the inner dump, and no additional production procedures of the open-pit mine are added; the reserved along-the-hole groove replaces the cut-eye groove so that the entire scheme can be implemented continuously, avoiding multiple excavations of the cut-eye groove and affecting the construction efficiency; the middle cleaning scheme and the edge cleaning scheme are used in combination, which not only improves the sliding body cleaning efficiency, but also ensures the stability of the end wall and does not restrict the advancement of the inner dump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a cleaning method, in particular to a cleaning method for an open-pit mine end wall landslide area. Background Art

[0002] ‌Open-pit mines are affected by hydrological and geological factors, and landslides of varying degrees may occur on the sidewalls, thereby covering certain sidewall coal resources. In order to mine the compressed coal, the sliding body must be cleaned, but since the sliding body cannot achieve stress balance for a long time, it usually takes a long time for the sidewalls to slide and become completely stable. The traditional layered stripping cleaning + compressed coal recovery method has a long construction time, a large disturbance to the sidewalls during the cleaning process, insufficient support for the sliding body, high risks of sliding body flow and secondary landslides on the sidewalls, and it is difficult to ensure mine safety. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for cleaning the landslide area at the end wall of an open-pit mine, which can realize the rapid cleaning of the sliding body and the recovery of the coal compressed by the sliding body while ensuring safety.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for cleaning the landslide area at the end wall of an open-pit mine, including a middle cleaning solution and an edge cleaning solution;

[0005] The Central Cleanup Program includes the following steps:

[0006] When the sliding body reaches more than 50% of the ultimate stability value, starting from the bottom of the open-pit mine, in the direction from the dump to the stope in the open-pit mine, the eye-cutting groove is excavated at the end of the middle position of the sliding body. The eye-cutting groove is excavated to the designed boundary of the bottom of the end wall. The bottom width of the eye-cutting groove is the minimum operating width of the equipment.

[0007] When the excavation of the eye-cutting groove exceeds 2 times the equipment operation safety distance, dig the empty cleaning groove close to both sides of the eye-cutting groove. The empty cleaning groove always lags behind the eye-cutting groove by 2-3 times the equipment operation safety distance until the excavation reaches the designed boundary of the bottom of the end wall;

[0008] After the excavation distance of the cleaning groove along the air exceeds 3-4 times the equipment operation width, the cleaning groove along the air is pursued from the end position of the sliding body along the excavation direction of the eye-cutting groove, and the eye-cutting groove and the cleaning groove along the air are backfilled with the inner row of materials stripped from the open-pit mine to form a replacement body to replace the space of the original sliding body. After the cleaning groove along the air is excavated to the boundary, the equipment is withdrawn, and the inner row replacement is continued until the design boundary of the bottom of the end wall; during the inner row replacement process, a reserved cleaning groove along the air is reserved on the side of the cleaning groove along the air close to the sliding body;

[0009] When the goaf cleaning groove is about to be excavated to the boundary, a new goaf cleaning groove is excavated next to the reserved goaf groove in the previous step, and the inner row replacement process is carried out at the position of the reserved goaf groove according to the above steps, starting from the eye cut groove, and continuously reversely constructing on both sides to realize the two-way replacement extension of the sliding body;

[0010] The edge cleaning solution includes the following steps:

[0011] At the edge of the sliding body near the dump in the open pit, starting from the bottom of the pit, a widened cleaning groove along the side of the sliding body is excavated at the end of the sliding body;

[0012] After the excavation distance of the widened clearance groove exceeds 3-4 times the equipment operation width, the widened clearance groove is pursued from the end of the sliding body, and the widened clearance groove and the area extending from the widened clearance groove to the inner dumping field are backfilled with the open-pit mine stripping material to form a widened replacement body; during the inner row replacement process, a reserved clearance groove is reserved on the side of the widened clearance groove close to the sliding body;

[0013] When the widened cleaning groove along the gap is about to be excavated to the boundary, a new widened cleaning groove along the gap is continued to be excavated next to the reserved groove along the gap in the previous step, and the inner row replacement process is implemented at the position of the reserved groove along the gap according to the above steps, starting from the edge of the sliding body and heading towards the mining area to realize the one-way replacement extension of the sliding body.

[0014] Furthermore, as the sliding body is continuously cleaned, eyelet grooves are excavated within the uncleaned sliding body range, and multiple sets of middle cleaning solutions are implemented.

[0015] Furthermore, the width of the widened edge cleaning groove is 50%-100% wider than the width of the edge cleaning groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the direction of the eyelet groove is parallel to the sliding direction of the sliding body.

[0017] Furthermore, the width of the cleaning groove along the air is greater than 1 times the effective excavation radius of the equipment.

[0018] Furthermore, an edge cleaning scheme is implemented at the edge of the sliding body close to the side of the open-pit mine.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the sliding body cleaning process of the present invention is implemented in sections, regions and steps, so the construction can be carried out before the sliding body is completely stable, shortening the cleaning time of the sliding body, and the cleaning process has little disturbance to the sliding body, reducing the risk of secondary landslide. The replacement of the inner row and the cleaning of the sliding body are followed up simultaneously, which strengthens the stability of the replaced area, thereby improving the stability of the sliding body and even the end wall as a whole. The replaced sliding body remains motionless and is directly covered by the subsequent inner row. As part of the inner dump, no additional production process of the open-pit mine will be added. With the continuous progress of the two-way (one-way) extension, the stability of the sliding body will be gradually enhanced, providing safety support for the deployment of multiple sets of middle cleaning schemes, which can further accelerate the cleaning of the sliding body. Widening the inner row replacement provides more support for the end wall and improves the stability of the end wall. The reserved groove along the empty groove replaces the eye groove so that the entire scheme can be implemented continuously, avoiding multiple excavations of the eye groove and affecting the construction efficiency. The middle cleaning scheme and the edge cleaning scheme are used in combination, which not only improves the cleaning efficiency of the sliding body, but also ensures the stability of the end wall, and does not restrict the advancement of the inner dump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cleaning process structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the position of the sliding body of the present invention;

[0022] In the figure: 1-cutting groove; 2-open pit end wall; 3-sliding body; 4-inner spoil dump; 5-mining area; 6-pit bottom; 7-sliding direction of sliding body; 8-clearing groove along the gap; 9-design boundary of the bottom of the end wall; 10-replacement body; 11-reserved groove along the gap; 12-widened clearing groove along the gap; 13-widened replacement body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The present invention provides a method for cleaning the landslide area at the end of an open-pit mine. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cleaning method includes a middle cleaning scheme and an edge cleaning scheme.

[0026] The Central Cleanup Program includes the following steps:

[0027] When the sliding body 3 on the end wall 2 of the open-pit mine reaches more than 50% of the ultimate stability value, starting from the bottom 6 of the open-pit mine, in the direction from the spoil dump 4 to the mining area 5 in the open-pit mine, an eye groove 1 is excavated at the end of the middle position of the sliding body 3, and the eye groove 1 is excavated all the way to the designed boundary 9 at the bottom of the end wall. The direction of the eye groove 1 is parallel to the sliding direction 7 of the sliding body, and is generally perpendicular to the direction of the end wall 2 of the open-pit mine; the function of the eye groove 1 is to provide a road for the equipment to run, and the bottom width of the eye groove 1 is the minimum operating width of the equipment. Generally, the larger of the operating widths of the smallest (smaller) excavation or transportation equipment in the open-pit mine is taken to avoid the width being too large, causing excessive disturbance to the sliding body and affecting the stability of the sliding body.

[0028] In order to provide construction space for subsequent processes and prevent equipment from "fighting", when the excavation of the eye-cutting groove 1 exceeds 2 times the equipment operation safety distance, the empty cleaning groove 8 is excavated close to the front and rear sides of the eye-cutting groove 1 (the direction of the mining field 5 is the front direction). The empty cleaning groove 8 has the same excavation direction as the eye-cutting groove 1. The width of the empty cleaning groove 8 is comprehensively designed according to the stability of the sliding body, and generally should be greater than 1 times the effective excavation radius of the equipment to avoid wasting equipment capacity due to a small width; the empty cleaning groove 8 always lags behind the eye-cutting groove 1 by two to three times the equipment operation safety distance and pursues and advances until it is excavated to the designed boundary 9 at the bottom of the end wall; while cleaning the sliding body, the compressed coal recovery at the end wall of the sliding body is realized.

[0029] After the excavation distance of the air cleaning groove 8 exceeds 3-4 times the equipment operation width, the air cleaning groove 8 is pursued from the end position of the sliding body 3 along the excavation direction of the eye-cutting groove 1, and the open-pit mine stripping material is used to fill the eye-cutting groove 1 and the air cleaning groove 8 to form a replacement body 10 to replace the space of the original sliding body 3. The stripping material discarded and backfilled in the replacement body 10 is preferably a material with strong anti-slip and high strength, which can achieve immediate stability of the replaced part of the end wall after the sliding body 3 is replaced; after the air cleaning groove 8 is excavated to the boundary, the equipment is withdrawn, and the internal row replacement is continued until the design boundary 9 at the bottom of the end wall; the replacement body 10 plays a supporting role for the remaining sliding body 3 and the end wall to avoid secondary landslides; during the internal row replacement process, a reserved air groove 11 is reserved on the side of the air cleaning groove 8 close to the sliding body 3; the function of the reserved air groove 11 is the same as that of the eye-cutting groove 1, thereby realizing the continuous implementation of the entire plan and avoiding multiple excavations of the eye-cutting groove 1.

[0030] When the air cleaning groove 8 is about to be excavated to the boundary, a new air cleaning groove 8 is continued to be excavated next to the reserved air cleaning groove 11 in the previous step, and the inner row replacement process is implemented at the position of the reserved air cleaning groove 11 according to the above steps, starting from the eye cutting groove 1, and continuous reverse construction is carried out on its front and rear sides to realize the two-way replacement extension of the sliding body 3; as the replacement range of the sliding body 3 gradually increases, the stability of the sliding body 3 and the end wall continues to increase, and the replaced sliding body 3 remains stationary and is directly covered by the subsequent inner row as part of the inner dumping yard. Therefore, the plan does not add any additional open-pit mine production processes, but only advances some of the inner row processes, which not only realizes the replacement of the sliding body 3 to ensure the stability of the end wall, but also realizes the compressed coal recovery.

[0031] Because the middle cleaning scheme is bidirectionally extended and the construction speed is fast, it is the main process of sliding body cleaning. Preferably, as the sliding body 3 is continuously cleaned, the stability of the sliding body 3 and the end wall is continuously strengthened. At this time, the cut-eye groove 1 can be dug in the middle of the uncleared sliding body 3, and multiple sets of middle cleaning schemes can be implemented to achieve the effect of accelerated cleaning.

[0032] The edge cleaning solution includes the following steps:

[0033] At the edge of the sliding body 3 near the spoil dump 4 in the open-pit mine, starting from the pit bottom 6, a widened cleaning groove 12 is excavated along the air at the end of the sliding body 3; the edge cleaning scheme starts from the edge of the sliding body 3, and there is no need to excavate the eye cutting groove 1. Therefore, the excavation speed of the first widened cleaning groove 12 along the air is only limited by the equipment capacity, and there is no restriction with other links. In order to speed up the excavation, multiple equipments can be arranged to excavate at multiple points simultaneously. Because the edge disturbance of the sliding body 3 has little effect on the overall stability of the sliding body 3, the bottom size of the widened cleaning groove 12 along the air excavated in the edge cleaning scheme can be appropriately widened by 50%-100% compared with the cleaning groove 8 along the air in the middle cleaning scheme, so as to improve the efficiency of the excavation equipment and accelerate the cleaning of the sliding body.

[0034] After the excavation distance of the widened clearance groove 12 exceeds 3-4 times the equipment operation width, the widened clearance groove 12 is pursued from the end position of the sliding body 3, and the open-pit mine stripping material is used to backfill the widened clearance groove 12 and the area extending from the widened clearance groove 12 to the inner dumping ground 4. Compared with the middle cleaning plan, when the first inner row replacement is carried out, since there is no eye-cutting groove 1, the inner row replacement edge is not restricted. In order to provide more support to the end wall as much as possible, in addition to the inner row within the range of the original sliding body to be cleaned, the inner row range should also be extended to the inner dumping ground 4 to form a widened replacement body 13; the extension distance is designed based on comprehensive considerations of the end wall stability and the pit bottom space. In principle, the larger the extension range, the better the support effect on the end wall; during the inner row replacement process, a reserved clearance groove 11 is reserved on the side of the widened clearance groove 12 close to the sliding body 3.

[0035] When the widened cleaning groove 12 is about to be excavated to the boundary, a new widened cleaning groove 12 is continued to be excavated next to the reserved groove 11 in the previous step, and the inner row replacement process is implemented at the position of the reserved groove 11 according to the above steps, starting from the edge of the sliding body 3 and toward the open-pit mine 5, to realize the unidirectional replacement extension of the sliding body 3.

[0036] The edge cleaning scheme is a one-way extension, and the construction speed is limited, so it is an auxiliary process for sliding body cleaning. However, because it is close to the side of the inner dump 4, the greater significance of the edge cleaning scheme is: first, it accelerates the cleaning speed of the sliding body 3 on the side of the inner dump 4, prepares space for the advancement of the inner dump 4, and avoids the restriction of the normal advancement of the inner dump 4 due to the influence of the sliding body 3; second, widening the inner row to replace the end wall to provide additional pressure support, improve the stability of the end wall, and reduce the risk of secondary landslides. Therefore, the edge cleaning scheme is not dispensable, nor is it a simple repetition of the middle cleaning scheme, but it must be carried out in coordination with the middle cleaning scheme. In order to speed up the cleaning of the sliding body 3, the edge cleaning scheme can also be implemented at the edge of the sliding body 3 close to the side of the open-pit mine 5.

[0037] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any slight modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cleaning landslide areas at the end of an open-pit mine, characterized in that: Includes middle cleaning scheme and edge cleaning scheme; The Central Cleanup Program includes the following steps: When the sliding body (3) reaches more than 50% of the ultimate stability value, starting from the open pit bottom (6), in the direction from the spoil dump (4) to the stope (5) in the open pit, a cutting groove (1) is excavated at the end of the middle position of the sliding body (3), and the cutting groove (1) is excavated all the way to the design boundary (9) at the bottom of the end wall, and the bottom width of the cutting groove (1) is the minimum operating width of the equipment; When the excavation of the eye-cutting groove (1) exceeds 2 times the safe distance for equipment operation, the empty cleaning grooves (8) are excavated close to both sides of the eye-cutting groove (1), and the empty cleaning grooves (8) always lag behind the eye-cutting groove (1) by 2-3 times the safe distance for equipment operation and advance until the excavation reaches the designed boundary (9) at the bottom of the end wall; After the excavation distance of the cleaning groove (8) exceeds 3-4 times the equipment operation width, the cleaning groove (8) is pursued from the end position of the sliding body (3) along the excavation direction of the eye-cutting groove (1), and the eye-cutting groove (1) and the cleaning groove (8) are backfilled with the inner row of materials stripped from the open-pit mine to form a replacement body (10) to replace the space of the original sliding body (3). After the cleaning groove (8) is excavated to the boundary, the equipment is withdrawn and the inner row replacement is continued until the design boundary (9) of the bottom of the end wall; during the inner row replacement process, a reserved cleaning groove (11) is reserved on the side of the cleaning groove (8) close to the sliding body (3); When the side cleaning groove (8) is about to be excavated to the boundary, a new side cleaning groove (8) is excavated next to the reserved side cleaning groove (11) of the previous step, and the inner row replacement process is carried out at the position of the reserved side cleaning groove (11) according to the above steps, starting from the eye cutting groove (1), and continuously reversely constructing on both sides thereof, so as to realize the bidirectional replacement extension of the sliding body (3); The edge cleaning solution includes the following steps: At the edge of the sliding body (3) near the dump (4) in the open-pit mine, starting from the pit bottom (6), a widened cleaning groove (12) along the empty space is excavated at the end of the sliding body (3); After the excavation distance of the widened clearance groove (12) exceeds 3-4 times the equipment operation width, the widened clearance groove (12) is pursued from the end position of the sliding body (3), and the widened clearance groove (12) and the area extending from the widened clearance groove (12) to the inner dump (4) are backfilled with the open-pit mine stripping material to form a widened replacement body (13); during the inner row replacement process, a reserved clearance groove (11) is reserved on the side of the widened clearance groove (12) close to the sliding body (3); When the widened clearance groove (12) is about to be excavated to the boundary, a new widened clearance groove (12) is excavated next to the reserved clearance groove (11) in the previous step, and the inner row replacement process is implemented at the position of the reserved clearance groove (11) according to the above steps, starting from the edge of the sliding body (3) and toward the mining area (5), to achieve a one-way replacement extension of the sliding body (3).

2. A method for clearing landslide areas at the end of an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: As the sliding body (3) is continuously cleaned, eyelet grooves (1) are further excavated within the uncleaned sliding body (3), and multiple sets of middle cleaning schemes are implemented.

3. A method for clearing landslide areas at the end of an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the widened edge cleaning groove (12) is 50%-100% wider than the width of the edge cleaning groove (8).

4. A method for clearing landslide areas at the end of an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direction of the eyelet groove (1) is parallel to the sliding direction (7) of the sliding body.

5. The method for clearing landslide area at the end wall of an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the cleaning groove (8) along the empty space is greater than 1 times the effective excavation radius of the equipment.

6. A method for clearing landslide areas at the end of an open-pit mine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An edge cleaning scheme is implemented at the edge of the sliding body (3) near the side of the open pit mine (5).

Images