Ejection type selective seedling taking device

Abstract

This application relates to a top-mounted selective seedling extraction device, including a mounting frame, a seedling extraction mechanism mounted on the mounting frame, and a seedling separating mechanism mounted on the frame below the seedling extraction mechanism. A lifting mechanism is located at the rear of the mounting frame, and the lifting mechanism includes a seedling receiving mechanism and a tilting mechanism. A seedling removal device is located behind the lifting mechanism. This application can identify and remove inferior seedlings, ensuring that only healthy seedlings are extracted, effectively preventing missed planting, and improving the intelligence level of the seedling extraction device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transplanting machinery technology, and in particular to a top-out selective seedling picking device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most seedling cultivation in plug trays is done manually, which often leads to missed sowing and empty seedlings in the trays. Furthermore, during seed germination and growth, some seeds may fail to germinate or develop well-developed root systems. Existing seedling-picking devices mostly perform the picking action mechanically and cannot intelligently identify the quality of seedling development. If the picking device encounters a hole where the seed has not germinated, it will fail to pick up the seedling, resulting in missed planting. Planting seedlings with poor root development in the field may lead to seedling death or reduced yield. Therefore, healthy seedlings should be selected for transplanting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a top-out selective seedling harvesting device.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a top-out selective seedling picking device, including a mounting frame, a seedling picking mechanism set on the mounting frame, and a seedling separating mechanism set on the mounting frame below the seedling picking mechanism. The seedling picking mechanism includes a lateral moving mechanism, and a seedling feeding mechanism for conveying seedling trays is provided on the lateral moving mechanism. The seedling tray is used to hold seedlings in the seedling tray. The lateral moving mechanism is used to drive the seedling feeding mechanism to move left and right. The seedling feeding mechanism is provided with a seedling pushing mechanism.

[0005] The rear side of the mounting frame is equipped with a lifting mechanism, which includes a seedling receiving mechanism and a tilting mechanism. The lifting mechanism is used to drive the seedling receiving mechanism and the tilting mechanism to move up and down simultaneously. The seedling receiving mechanism includes a variable distance adjustment mechanism, which is hinged with multiple seedling receiving slots. The variable distance adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the distance between two adjacent seedling receiving slots.

[0006] Behind the lifting mechanism is a seedling removal device. The seedling pushing mechanism is used to push the seedlings in the plug trays onto the receiving groove of the seedling receiving mechanism. The seedling removal device is used to remove inferior seedlings from the receiving groove. The tilting mechanism is used to tilt the seedlings in the receiving groove forward onto the seedling separating mechanism. The seedling separating mechanism is equipped with a seedling dropping opening. The seedling separating mechanism is used to move the seedlings in the plug trays to the seedling dropping opening and make the seedlings in the plug trays fall from the seedling dropping opening.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the seedling retrieval mechanism includes a seedling retrieval frame, which is slidably mounted on a mounting frame. The seedling retrieval frame is rotatably equipped with a drive shaft and a driven shaft. The seedling retrieval frame is equipped with a seedling retrieval motor that drives the drive shaft to rotate. The drive shaft is equipped with two first drive sprockets facing each other, and the driven shaft is equipped with two first driven sprockets facing each other. The first drive sprockets and the first driven sprockets on the same side are connected by a seedling retrieval chain. Multiple seedling retrieval supports are evenly distributed between the two seedling retrieval chains. A seedling tray is provided between two connected seedling retrieval supports. There are multiple seedling trays, which are arranged in a rectangular pattern. The multiple seedling trays in each row are fixedly connected.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the lateral movement mechanism includes a synchronous belt module mounted on the mounting frame. The synchronous belt module has a synchronous belt slider, and the seedling frame is provided with a beam II. The synchronous belt slider is fixedly connected to the beam II.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the seedling pushing mechanism includes multiple horizontally arranged push-pull electromagnets, the push rods of which can pass through the holes of the seedling tray.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the lifting mechanism includes a lower frame, a scissor shaft slidably mounted on the lower frame, a scissor connecting rod hinged to the scissor shaft, and an upper frame mounted on the upper end of the scissor connecting rod. A lifting electric cylinder is hinged between the lower frame and the scissor shaft.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the tilting mechanism includes two mini cylinders vertically mounted on the upper frame, a tilting guide rail hinged to the piston rod ends of the two mini cylinders, and multiple tilting sliders mounted on the tilting guide rail, with the tilting sliders fixedly connected to the seedling tray.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the variable pitch adjustment mechanism includes a variable pitch motor, two oppositely arranged mounting seats, and a left-hand and right-hand ball screw located between the two mounting seats. The variable pitch motor drives the left-hand and right-hand ball screw to rotate. The left-hand and right-hand ball screws are provided with left-hand and right-hand ball nuts, respectively connected to wide sliders. Multiple narrow sliders are provided between the wide sliders. An optical shaft is provided between the two mounting seats to slide with the narrow sliders and the wide sliders. Both the wide sliders and the narrow sliders are provided with through holes for the left-hand and right-hand ball screws to pass through. The wide sliders and the narrow sliders are linked together by a connecting rod assembly. The lower end of the seedling receiving groove is hinged to the wide slider or the narrow slider.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the seedling removal device includes a seedling removal box, a negative pressure device installed on the seedling removal box, and a removal hose connected to the seedling removal box. There are multiple removal hoses. A retaining plate is provided on the seedling receiving trough, and the removal hose is fixed on the retaining plate. The negative pressure device is used to generate negative pressure in the seedling removal box so as to suck the inferior plug seedlings located in the seedling receiving trough into the seedling removal box through the removal hose.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the seedling separation mechanism includes a seedling separation base plate, a second driving sprocket, and a second driven sprocket. The seedling drop opening is located on one side of the seedling separation base plate. The second driving sprocket and the second driven sprocket are connected by a seedling separation chain. A seedling separation motor for driving the first driving sprocket is provided on the seedling separation base plate. Multiple seedling cups are provided on the outside of the seedling separation chain. Each seedling cup includes a seedling cup cylinder and a seedling separation bottom cover. The seedling cup cylinder has an upper opening and a lower opening, allowing the seedlings from the seedling tray to enter the seedling cup cylinder through the upper opening. The seedling separation bottom cover is located at the lower opening. When the seedling cup is located at the drop opening, the seedling separation bottom cover can...

[0015] Open it to allow the seedlings in the plug trays to pass through the lower opening and the seedling drop opening.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. This application can identify and remove inferior seedlings, ensuring that all seedlings taken out are healthy seedlings; 2. By setting up a horizontal moving mechanism, a seedling delivery mechanism and a seedling pushing mechanism in cooperation, this application can effectively fill the empty positions caused by inferior pots, thereby effectively avoiding missed planting and improving the intelligence level of the seedling taking device.

[0017] 2. This application, by setting up a tilting mechanism and a variable spacing adjustment mechanism, can realize the variable spacing seedling placement action, which is suitable for situations where the seedling receiving distance and the seedling placement distance are different.

[0018] 3. By setting up seedling cups and seedling bottom covers with two states of opening and closing, the seedling cups can accommodate seedlings before connecting with the seedling outlet and release the seedlings from the tray when connecting with the seedling outlet, thus improving reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of the seedling-collecting mechanism of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the seedling-taking mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a front view of the seedling separation mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a top view of the seedling separation mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling base plate of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a side view of the seedling cup of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the seedling cup of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the seedling cup of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a top view of the pitch adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a front view of the pitch adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a front view of the lifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a top view of the lifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling removal device of the present invention.

[0033] The diagram shows: 1. Seedling picking mechanism, 2. Mounting frame, 3. Seedling separating mechanism, 4. Camera, 5. Variable pitch adjustment mechanism, 6. Lifting mechanism, 7. Seedling removal device, 8. Mounting plate; 101. First seedling picking slider, 102. Bearing seat, 103. Side plate, 104. Synchronous belt module, 105. Seedling picking motor, 106. Beam I, 107. First drive sprocket, 108. Seedling tray, 109. Seedling picking chain. 110. Beam II; 111. Beam III; 112. U-shaped plate; 113. Push-pull electromagnet; 114. First driven sprocket; 115. Seedling tray guide rod; 301. Seedling base plate; 302. Seedling cup; 3020. Seedling cup cylinder; 3021. Seedling bottom cover; 3022. Support; 303. Second driving sprocket; 304. Seedling cup chain; 305. Second driven sprocket; 306. Seedling motor. 307. First coupling; 308. Sprocket shaft; 501. Variable pitch motor; 502. Second coupling; 503. Bearing with seat; 504. Mounting base; 505. Smooth shaft; 506. Left-hand and right-hand ball screw; 507. Left-hand ball nut; 508. Wide slider; 509. Short connecting rod; 510. Long connecting rod; 511. Long pin; 512. Short pin; 513. Narrow slider; 514. Connector Seedling trough; 515, linear bearing; 516, right-hand ball nut; 601, upper frame; 602, cylinder hinge support; 603, mini cylinder; 604, Y-type connector; 605, I-type connector; 606, tilting guide rail; 607, tilting slider; 608, scissor lift linkage; 609, lower frame; 610, scissor lift shaft; 611, lifting electric cylinder; 701, seedling removal box; 702, removal hose. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] Please see Figure 1-14 This invention provides a top-mounted selective seedling extraction device, including a mounting frame 2, a seedling extraction mechanism 1 mounted on the mounting frame 2, and a seedling separating mechanism 3 mounted on the mounting frame 2 below the seedling extraction mechanism 1. The seedling extraction mechanism 1 includes a lateral movement mechanism, on which a seedling delivery mechanism is provided for conveying seedling trays 108. The seedling trays 108 are used to hold seedlings in the trays. The lateral movement mechanism is used to drive the seedling delivery mechanism to move horizontally left and right. The seedling delivery mechanism is provided with a seedling pushing mechanism. A lifting mechanism 6 is provided on the rear side of the mounting frame 2. The lifting mechanism 6 is provided with a seedling receiving mechanism and a tilting mechanism. The lifting mechanism 6 is used to drive the seedling receiving mechanism and the tilting mechanism to move up and down simultaneously. The seedling receiving mechanism includes a variable-distance adjustment mechanism 5, on which multiple seedling receiving slots 514 are hinged. The variable-distance adjustment mechanism 5 is used to adjust the distance between two adjacent seedling receiving slots 514. A seedling removal device 7 is provided behind the lifting mechanism 6. The seedling pushing mechanism is used to push the seedlings in the plug tray 108 onto the seedling receiving slots 514 of the seedling receiving mechanism. The seedling removal device 7 is used to remove inferior plug tray seedlings in the plug tray 514. The tilting mechanism is used to tilt the plug tray seedlings in the plug tray 514 forward onto the seedling separating mechanism 3. The seedling separating mechanism 3 is provided with a seedling dropping opening. The seedling separating mechanism 3 is used to move the plug tray seedlings to the seedling dropping opening and make the plug tray seedlings fall from the seedling dropping opening.

[0036] Among them, combined Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the seedling retrieval mechanism 1 includes a seedling retrieval frame, which is slidably mounted on the mounting frame 2. The seedling retrieval frame includes two side plates 103. A drive shaft and a driven shaft are rotatably mounted on the seedling retrieval frame. Both the drive shaft and the driven shaft are rotatably connected to the side plates 103 through bearing seats 102. The mounting frame 2 is provided with a first seedling retrieval slide rail. Two first seedling retrieval sliders 101 are slidably mounted on the first seedling retrieval slide rail. The two first seedling retrieval sliders 101 are fixedly connected to the two side plates 103 respectively. Two beams I 106 are provided between the two side plates 103. The beams I 106 are located on the front side of the seedling retrieval frame. The mounting frame 2 is provided with two second seedling retrieval slide rails. Second seedling retrieval sliders are slidably mounted on the second seedling retrieval slide rails. The second seedling retrieval sliders are fixedly connected to the beams I 106.

[0037] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the seedling rack is equipped with a seedling-picking motor 105 that drives the active shaft to rotate. The active shaft has two first active sprockets 107 facing each other, and the driven shaft has two first driven sprockets 114 facing each other. The first active sprockets 107 and the first driven sprockets 114 on the same side are connected by a seedling-picking chain 109. Multiple seedling-picking support rods are evenly distributed between the two seedling-picking chains 109. A seedling tray 108 is provided between two connected seedling-picking support rods. There are multiple seedling trays 108, which are arranged in a rectangular pattern. The multiple seedling trays 108 in each row are fixedly connected. Two arc-shaped seedling tray guide rods 115 are provided on the seedling rack near its lower end. The seedling tray guide rods 115 are located at the conveying end of the seedling-picking chain 109. A seedling tray recycling box is located below the end of the seedling tray guide rods 115.

[0038] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lateral movement mechanism includes a synchronous belt module 104 mounted on the mounting frame 2. The synchronous belt module 104 has a synchronous belt slider. A beam II 110 is provided on the seedling rack, and the synchronous belt slider is fixedly connected to the beam II 110. The synchronous belt module 104 includes a track platform, a synchronous belt, and a synchronous belt motor for driving the synchronous belt. The synchronous belt slider is slidably mounted on the track platform. The synchronous belt module 104 adopts a synchronous belt module well known to those skilled in the art. The seedling pushing mechanism includes multiple laterally arranged push-pull mechanisms. There are six push-pull electromagnets 113. A beam Ⅲ 111 is provided between the two side plates 103. A U-shaped plate 112 is provided on the beam Ⅲ 111. The six push-pull electromagnets 113 are equidistantly installed at the lower end of the U-shaped plate 112. The U-shaped plate 112 is horizontally set and has a U-shaped opening. The U-shaped opening is away from the lifting mechanism 6. The top rod of the push-pull electromagnet 113 can pass through the cavity hole of the cavity plate 108. The push-pull electromagnet 113 adopts the push-pull electromagnet well known to those skilled in the art.

[0039] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3The seedling delivery mechanism is powered by a seedling-picking motor 105, which drives the first driving sprocket 107 and the first driven sprocket 114 to rotate the seedling-picking chain 109. The outer links of the seedling-picking chain 109 are Y-shaped. A cylindrical seedling-picking support rod is installed on each of the two opposing Y-shaped outer links every few links. Multiple seedling trays 109 in each row are placed on two adjacent seedling-picking supports. When the seedling-picking motor 105 rotates a certain angle, the seedling-picking supports will drive the seedling trays 109 downwards a certain distance. The push rod of the push-pull electromagnet 113 is aligned with the seedling tray hole at the bottom of the seedling tray 109. When the electromagnet 113 is energized, the push rod is pushed out, and the seedlings in the seedling trays are... The seedlings will detach from the seedling holes and fall into the seedling receiving groove 514. The synchronous belt module 104 can move the seedling feeding mechanism left and right, allowing it to step laterally by the distance of one seedling hole. The multiple seedling trays 108 in each row are defined as seedling tray components. When all the seedlings in the seedling tray components are pushed out, the seedling tray components will continue to move downwards until they are conveyed to the end of the seedling picking chain 109. Finally, the seedling tray components will fall and rest on the two seedling tray guide rods 115, and finally fall along the seedling tray guide rods 115 into the seedling tray recycling box. Under the guidance of the seedling tray guide rods 115, the seedling trays 108 fall from the rear of the seedling feeding mechanism 1 into the seedling tray recycling box. The seedling tray guide rods 115 facilitate the recycling of the seedling trays 108.

[0040] Specifically, in combination Figure 1 , 12 and Figure 13 The lifting mechanism 6 includes a lower frame 609, a scissor shaft 610 slidably mounted on the lower frame 609, a scissor connecting rod 608 hinged to the scissor shaft 610, and an upper frame 601 mounted on the upper end of the scissor connecting rod 608. A lifting electric cylinder 611 is hinged between the lower frame 609 and the scissor shaft 610. The tilting mechanism includes two mini cylinders 603 vertically mounted on the upper frame 601, a tilting guide rail 606 hinged to the piston rod ends of the two mini cylinders 603, and multiple tilting sliders 607 mounted on the tilting guide rail 606. The tilting sliders 607 are fixedly connected to the seedling tray 514. The mini cylinders 603 drive the tilting guide rail 606 to rise, causing the end of the seedling tray 514 to rise and tilt, thereby tilting the seedlings in the tray onto the seedling separating mechanism 3.

[0041] In the lifting mechanism 6, the rear end of the lifting cylinder 611 is hinged to the lower frame 609. The push rod of the lifting cylinder 611 is hinged to the middle of the scissor shaft 610. The lower frame 609 has two parallel sliding grooves. The two ends of the scissor shaft 610 are slidably disposed in the sliding grooves of the lower frame 609. The lower frame 609 and the upper frame 601 are hinged to the scissor shaft 610 via the scissor connecting rod 608. The extension and retraction of the lifting cylinder 611 drives the scissor shaft to move between the lower frame 609 and the upper frame 601. The upper frame 601 slides in the groove to achieve the lifting and lowering of the upper frame 601. The cylinder hinge support 602 is installed on the upper frame 601. The tail end of the mini cylinder 603 is hinged to the cylinder hinge support 602. The piston rod end of the mini cylinder 603 is threadedly connected to a Y-type connector 604. An I-type connector 605 is hinged between the Y-type connector 604 and the tilting guide rail 606. One end of the I-type connector 605 is hinged to the Y-type connector 604, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide rail 606.

[0042] Furthermore, in combination Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the pitch adjustment mechanism 5 includes a pitch motor 501, two oppositely arranged mounting seats 504, and a left-hand and right-hand ball screw 506 located between the two mounting seats 504. The pitch motor 501 drives the left-hand and right-hand ball screw 506 to rotate. The left-hand and right-hand ball screw 506 is provided with a left-hand ball nut 507 and a right-hand ball nut 516. The left-hand ball nut 507 and the right-hand ball nut 516 are respectively connected to wide sliders 508. Multiple narrow sliders 5 are arranged between the wide sliders 508. 13. A light shaft 505 is provided between the two mounting bases 504 to slide with the narrow slider 513 and the wide slider 508. Both the wide slider 508 and the narrow slider 513 are provided with through holes for the left and right rotating ball screw 506 to pass through. The inner diameter of the through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the left and right rotating ball screw 506. The wide slider 508 and the narrow slider 513 are linked together by a connecting rod assembly. The lower end of the seedling receiving groove 514 is hinged to the wide slider 508 or the narrow slider 513 by a short pin 512. There are six seedling receiving grooves 514.

[0043] Linear bearings 515 are mounted on both sides of the wide slider 508 and the narrow slider 513. The linear bearings 515 pass through the optical axis 505, allowing the wide slider 508 and the narrow slider 513 to slide left and right on the optical axis 505.

[0044] The linkage assembly includes short connecting rods 509, long connecting rods 510, and long pins 511. There are two wide sliders 508 and four narrow sliders 513. The narrow sliders 513 are hinged to long connecting rods 510. The four long connecting rods 510 are hinged sequentially to form a long linkage assembly. Short connecting rods 509 are hinged to the wide sliders 508. The two ends of the long linkage assembly are respectively hinged to the short connecting rods 509 on the two wide sliders 508. The four narrow sliders 513 are hinged to the four long connecting rods 510. The four narrow sliders 513 are designated as the first narrow slider, the second narrow slider, the third narrow slider, and the fourth narrow slider in the transverse direction. The first narrow slider and the third narrow slider are each provided with a long pin 511. The middle part of the long connecting rod 510 on the first narrow slider is connected to the first... The long pin 511 on the narrow slider is hinged, and the middle part of the long connecting rod 510 on the second narrow slider is hinged to the long pin 511 on the second narrow slider. When the variable pitch motor 501 rotates in the forward direction, the two wide sliders 508 move to both ends, and drive the narrow slider 513 to move through the long connecting rod assembly, so as to realize the equidistant variable pitch dispersion of the seedling trays 514. When the stepper motor 501 rotates in the reverse direction, the seedling trays 514 converge at equal distances. Before the seedling picking mechanism 1 pushes out the seedlings from the plug tray, the seedling trays 514 are in a merged state and wait in front of the plug tray hole. After the inferior seedlings are removed and replenished, the seedling trays 514 are lowered under the action of the lifting mechanism 6, and the seedling trays 514 are dispersed at equal distances. Then, through the tilting mechanism, the plug tray seedlings in the seedling trays 514 are tilted into the seedling cups 302.

[0045] Combination Figure 14 The seedling removal device 7 includes a seedling removal box 701, a negative pressure device installed on the seedling removal box 701, and removal hoses 702 connected to the seedling removal box 701. The negative pressure device is not shown in the figure. The negative pressure device is a negative pressure fan. There are multiple removal hoses 702. Each removal hose is equipped with an electromagnetic switch valve. There are six removal hoses 702. The removal hoses 702 are commonly used plastic hoses. A retaining plate is provided on the seedling receiving trough 514. The removal hoses 702 are fixed on the retaining plate. The retaining plate is provided with through holes for the removal hoses 702 to pass through. The negative pressure device is used to generate negative pressure in the seedling removal box 701 so that inferior plug seedlings located in the seedling receiving trough 514 can be sucked into the seedling removal box 701 through the removal hoses 702.

[0046] In addition, combined Figure 4-9The seedling separating mechanism 3 includes a seedling separating base plate 301, a second driving sprocket 303, and a second driven sprocket 305. A lifting mechanism 6 is connected to the seedling separating mechanism 3 via a mounting plate 8, which is fixed to the bottom of the seedling separating base plate 301. The lifting mechanism 6 is mounted on the upper surface of the mounting plate 8. A lower frame 609 is positioned at the upper end of the mounting plate 8, and the seedling drop opening is located on one side of the seedling separating base plate 301. The second driving sprocket 303 and the second driven sprocket 305 are connected via a seedling separating chain 304. A seedling separating motor 306 for driving the first driving sprocket 107 to rotate is provided on the seedling separating base plate 301. Multiple seedling cups 302 are provided on the outer side of the seedling separating chain. The device includes a seedling cup cylinder 3020 and a seedling dividing bottom cover 3021. The seedling cup cylinder 3020 has an upper opening and a lower opening, allowing the seedlings from the plug tray to enter the seedling cup cylinder 3020 through the upper opening. The seedling dividing bottom cover 3021 is located at the lower opening. When the seedling cup 302 is at the seedling drop opening, the seedling dividing bottom cover 3021 can be opened to allow the seedlings from the plug tray to pass through the lower opening and the seedling drop opening. The seedling dividing bottom cover 3021 is hinged to the lower opening of the seedling cup cylinder 3020. By setting the seedling cup 302 and the seedling dividing bottom cover 3021, which has two states of being open and closed, the seedling cup 302 can accommodate the seedlings from the plug tray before connecting with the seedling drop opening and can release the seedlings from the plug tray when connecting with the seedling drop opening, thus improving reliability.

[0047] The seedling cup cylinder 3020 and the dividing bottom cover 3021 are hinged together. The dividing bottom cover 3021 cannot open before the seedling reaches the corresponding seedling opening due to the influence of the dividing bottom plate 301. Only when the corresponding seedling cup 302 reaches the corresponding seedling opening will the dividing bottom cover 3021 fall into the opening under gravity and open, allowing the seedling to fall. This eliminates the need for an additional power structure, simplifying the structure and reducing costs. It should be noted that any parts not detailed in this application are prior art.

[0048] The seedling separating motor 306 is mounted on the seedling separating base plate 301. The seedling separating motor 306 is connected to the sprocket shaft 308 via a coupling 307. The sprocket shaft 308 is fixed to the second drive sprocket 303 via a key connection. The seedling cup cylinder 3020 is provided with a support 3022. The seedling cup 302 is mounted on the link of the seedling cup chain 304 via the support 3022 on the seedling cup cylinder 3020. The second drive sprocket 303 and the second driven sprocket 305 drive the seedling cup chain 304 to rotate. There is a seedling dropping opening on the side of the seedling separating base plate 301 near the lifting mechanism. When the seedling cup 302 passes through the seedling dropping opening, the seedling separating bottom cover 3021 opens under the action of gravity. In this application, it is installed on a transplanter. The seedling dropping opening of this application is directly opposite the planter of the transplanter. Therefore, after the seedling separating bottom cover 3021 is opened, the seedlings in the seedling cup cylinder 3020 will fall into the planter below.

[0049] Multiple seedling cups 302 are divided into a first seedling separation module and a second seedling separation module. The first seedling separation module consists of multiple first seedling cups, and the second seedling separation module consists of second seedling cups. A second seedling cup is placed between two adjacent first seedling cups. The seedling separation bottom cover 3021 of the first seedling cup is trapezoidal, and the trapezoidal seedling separation bottom cover 3021 is a trapezoidal cup cover. The seedling separation bottom cover 3021 of the second seedling cup is inverted trapezoidal, and the inverted trapezoidal seedling separation bottom cover 3021 is an inverted trapezoidal cup cover. There are two seedling inlets, which are respectively... Rectangular holes 31 and trapezoidal holes 32 are set on the seedling base plate 301. When the seedling cup chain 304 drives the seedling cup 302 to rotate clockwise, the inverted trapezoidal cup lid opens under the action of gravity when it passes through the trapezoidal hole 32 on the right. The trapezoidal cup lid does not open when it passes through the trapezoidal hole on the right. When it runs to the rectangular hole 31 on the left, the trapezoidal cup lid opens and the seedling in the cup falls down. The two shapes of cup lids can be used in conjunction with the seedling base plate 301 to achieve planting in two rows.

[0050] This application also includes a controller and a camera 4 connected to the controller. The camera 4 is mounted on the mounting bracket 2. The camera 4's photographing end is set relative to the variable pitch adjustment mechanism. The controller is electrically connected to the seedling picking motor 105, the synchronous belt module 104, the push-pull electromagnet 113, the lifting cylinder 611, the mini cylinder 603, the variable pitch motor 501, the negative pressure device, the electromagnetic switch valve, and the seedling separating motor 306. The camera 12 can take pictures of multiple plug seedlings located in the seedling receiving mechanism so that the controller can identify high-quality plug seedlings and low-quality plug seedlings located in the seedling receiving mechanism. The camera 12 can also take pictures of multiple seedling receiving slots 514 located in the seedling receiving mechanism so that the controller can identify whether the seedling receiving slots 514 are missing seedlings.

[0051] When a missing seedling is detected in the seedling receiving slot 514, the controller controls the seedling delivery mechanism to longitudinally transport the seedling tray 108. The push-pull electromagnet 113 at the corresponding position of the missing seedling receiving slot 514 pushes out the seedling in the tray to fill the gap. This can automatically replenish the seedling in the tray in case of failure to push out the seedling or removal of inferior seedlings, thereby avoiding the situation where the seedling cup 302 is empty and the seedling delivery fails.

[0052] When the seedlings in the seedling tray 514 are identified as inferior seedlings, the controller activates the seedling removal device 7. The electromagnetic switch valve on the removal hose 702 of the branch where the bad seedling is located opens, and the bad seedling is sucked into the seedling removal box 701 through the removal hose 702.

[0053] The aforementioned device is controlled by multiple motors. It captures images of the seedling tray 514 using a camera. These images are processed by the controller and converted into position signals required for the device to move during operation. The motors then drive the device to operate. The specific working process is as follows:

[0054] At the start of the process, rows of push-pull electromagnets 113 push the seedlings from the plug trays 108 into the seedling receiving slots 514 waiting in front of the plug trays 108. Then, a camera 4 captures images of the receiving slots 514 in real time, and a controller determines if any seedlings are missing. If a seedling is missing from a receiving slot 514, the seedling retrieval mechanism 1 longitudinally transports the plug trays 108, and the electromagnets 113 at the corresponding positions of the missing receiving slots 514 push the seedlings out to fill the gap. Next, it is determined whether there are any damaged seedlings. The criterion for determining damaged seedlings is whether a certain area of ​​black potting soil is detected. If the detected black area is greater than a set threshold, it indicates that the potting soil has become loose and the root system of the seedling is poorly developed. If a bad seedling is detected, the seedling removal device 7 is activated. The electromagnetic switch valve on the removal hose 702 of the branch with the bad seedling is opened, and the bad seedling is sucked into the seedling removal box 701 through the removal hose 702. Then the seedling taking mechanism 1 moves laterally and the push-pull electromagnet 113 of the branch with the missing seedling fills the gap. Then the check continues to check for bad seedlings until there are no bad seedlings. Then the lifting mechanism 6 descends, the seedling receiving slots 514 spread out at equal distances, the mini cylinder 603 extends, pushes the seedling receiving slots 514 to rotate and tilt, and pours the seedlings in the seedling receiving slots 514 into the seedling cups 302, completing one seedling taking operation. Then all components are reset for the next operation.

[0055] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ejector selective seedling taking-out device characterized by comprising: It includes an installation frame (2), a seedling taking mechanism (1) set on the installation frame (2), and a seedling separating mechanism (3) set on the installation frame (2) below the seedling taking mechanism (1). The seedling taking mechanism (1) includes a lateral moving mechanism, and a seedling feeding mechanism for conveying the seedling tray (108) is provided on the lateral moving mechanism. The seedling tray (108) is used to hold seedlings in the seedling tray. The lateral moving mechanism is used to drive the seedling feeding mechanism to move left and right. The seedling feeding mechanism is provided with a seedling pushing mechanism. The mounting frame (2) is provided with a lifting mechanism (6) on the rear side. The lifting mechanism (6) is provided with a seedling receiving mechanism and a tilting mechanism. The lifting mechanism (6) is used to drive the seedling receiving mechanism and the tilting mechanism to move up and down at the same time. The seedling receiving mechanism includes a variable distance adjustment mechanism (5). Multiple seedling receiving slots (514) are hinged on the variable distance adjustment mechanism (5). The variable distance adjustment mechanism (5) is used to adjust the distance between two adjacent seedling receiving slots (514). The lifting mechanism (6) is equipped with a seedling removal device (7) at the rear. The seedling pushing mechanism is used to push the seedlings in the seedling tray (108) onto the seedling receiving trough (514) of the seedling receiving mechanism. The seedling removal device (7) is used to remove inferior seedlings in the seedling receiving trough (514). The tilting mechanism is used to tilt the seedlings in the seedling receiving trough (514) forward onto the seedling separating mechanism (3). The seedling separating mechanism (3) is equipped with a seedling dropping opening. The seedling separating mechanism (3) is used to move the seedlings in the seedling tray to the seedling dropping opening and make the seedlings in the seedling tray fall from the seedling dropping opening. Through the coordinated operation of the lateral movement mechanism, the seedling delivery mechanism, and the seedling pushing mechanism, the empty spaces caused by inferior pots can be effectively filled. The seedling separation mechanism (3) includes a seedling separation base plate (301), a second driving sprocket (303), and a second driven sprocket (305). The seedling drop opening is located on one side of the seedling separation base plate (301). The second driving sprocket (303) and the second driven sprocket (305) are connected by a seedling cup chain (304). The seedling separation base plate (301) is equipped with a seedling separation motor (306) for driving the first driving sprocket (107) to rotate. Multiple seedling cups (302) are provided on the outside. Each seedling cup (302) includes a seedling cup tube (3020) and a seedling dividing bottom cover (3021). The seedling cup tube (3020) has an upper opening and a lower opening. Seedlings from the plug tray can enter the seedling cup tube (3020) through the upper opening. The seedling dividing bottom cover (3021) is located at the lower opening. When the seedling cup (302) is located at the seedling dropping opening, the seedling dividing bottom cover (3021) can be opened to allow the seedlings from the plug tray to pass through the lower opening and the seedling dropping opening. Multiple seedling cups (302) are divided into a first seedling separation module and a second seedling separation module. The first seedling separation module consists of multiple first seedling cups, and the second seedling separation module consists of second seedling cups. A second seedling cup is provided between two adjacent first seedling cups. The seedling separation bottom cover (3021) of the first seedling cup is trapezoidal, and the trapezoidal seedling separation bottom cover (3021) is a trapezoidal cup cover. The seedling separation bottom cover (3021) of the second seedling cup is inverted trapezoidal, and the inverted trapezoidal seedling separation bottom cover (3021) is an inverted trapezoidal cup cover. There are two seedling drop openings, which are respectively set at the bottom of the seedling separation module. When the seedling cup chain (304) drives the seedling cup (302) to rotate clockwise, the trapezoidal cup lid opens under gravity when passing the trapezoidal hole (32) on the right, while the trapezoidal cup lid does not open when passing the trapezoidal hole (32) on the right. When it runs to the rectangular hole (31) on the left, the trapezoidal cup lid opens and the seedling in the cup falls down. The two shapes of cup lids can be used in conjunction with the seedling base plate (301) to achieve planting in two rows.

2. The knock-out type selective seedling taking-out device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling taking mechanism (1) includes a seedling taking frame, which is slidably set on the mounting frame (2). The seedling taking frame is provided with a drive shaft and a driven shaft. The seedling taking frame is provided with a seedling taking motor (105) that drives the drive shaft to rotate. The drive shaft is provided with two first drive sprockets (107) opposite to each other. The driven shaft is provided with two first driven sprockets (114) opposite to each other. The first drive sprockets (107) and the first driven sprockets (114) on the same side are connected by a seedling taking chain (109). Multiple seedling taking support rods are evenly distributed between the two seedling taking chains (109). A seedling tray (108) is provided between two connected seedling taking support rods. There are multiple seedling trays (108). The multiple seedling trays (108) are arranged in a rectangular shape. The multiple seedling trays (108) in each row are fixedly connected.

3. A knock-out type selective seedling taking-out device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lateral movement mechanism includes a synchronous belt module (104) mounted on the mounting frame (2). The synchronous belt module (104) has a synchronous belt slider. The seedling frame is provided with a beam II (110). The synchronous belt slider is fixedly connected to the beam II (110).

4. The top-out selective seedling harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The seedling pushing mechanism includes multiple horizontally arranged push-pull electromagnets (113), the top rods of which can pass through the holes of the seedling tray (108).

5. The top-out selective seedling harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (6) includes a lower frame (609), a scissor shaft (610) slidably disposed on the lower frame (609), a scissor connecting rod (608) hinged to the scissor shaft (610), and an upper frame (601) disposed on the upper end of the scissor connecting rod (608). A lifting electric cylinder (611) is hinged between the lower frame (609) and the scissor shaft (610).

6. A top-out selective seedling harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tilting mechanism includes two mini cylinders (603) vertically mounted on the upper frame (601), a tilting guide rail (606) hinged to the piston rod ends of the two mini cylinders (603), and multiple tilting sliders (607) mounted on the tilting guide rail (606). The tilting sliders (607) are fixedly connected to the seedling tray (514).

7. A top-out selective seedling harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The variable pitch adjustment mechanism (5) includes a variable pitch motor (501), two oppositely arranged mounting seats (504), and a left-hand and right-hand ball screw (506) located between the two mounting seats (504). The variable pitch motor (501) drives the left-hand and right-hand ball screw (506) to rotate. The left-hand and right-hand ball screw (506) is provided with a left-hand ball nut (507) and a right-hand ball nut (516). The left-hand ball nut (507) and the right-hand ball nut (516) are respectively connected to the wide slider (508). Multiple narrow sliders (513) are provided between the wide sliders (508). An optical shaft (505) is provided between the two mounting seats (504) to slide with the narrow sliders (513) and the wide sliders (508). Both the wide sliders (508) and the narrow sliders (513) are provided with through holes for the left and right rotating ball screws (506) to pass through. The wide sliders (508) and the narrow sliders (513) are linked together by a connecting rod assembly. The lower end of the seedling receiving groove (514) is hinged to the wide slider (508) or the narrow slider (513).

8. The top-out selective seedling harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling removal device (7) includes a seedling removal box (701), a negative pressure device installed on the seedling removal box (701), and a removal hose (702) connected to the seedling removal box (701). There are multiple removal hoses (702). A retaining plate is provided on the seedling receiving trough (514). The removal hoses (702) are fixed on the retaining plate. The negative pressure device is used to generate negative pressure in the seedling removal box (701) so that inferior plug seedlings located in the seedling receiving trough (514) can be sucked into the seedling removal box (701) through the removal hoses (702).

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