A microplastic pre-treatment device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a microplastic pretreatment device, which relates to the field of detection technology. The technical solution is as follows: it includes a sample placement mechanism for placing the initial sample to be processed; a tool placement mechanism, which is arranged on one side of the sample placement mechanism; a transfer mechanism, which is arranged on one side of the tool placement mechanism and can transfer the sample tool; a sample processing unit, which is arranged within the sample tool transfer range that can be executed by the transfer mechanism; and a filtration mechanism, which can filter the sample. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the device of this solution can automatically perform the pretreatment of microplastic samples in an unattended manner. Moreover, multiple samples can be operated and collected one by one. The device of this solution can automatically perform the processes of sample removal, filtration, digestion, evaporation, salting, flotation, and filtration. In the process of executing the above processes, the relevant utensils can also be cleaned, thereby ensuring that the obtained samples will not be interfered by factors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of detection technology, in particular to a microplastic pre-treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Microplastics refer to plastic fragments or particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. Microplastics are a major carrier of pollution. Since they are difficult to degrade in the natural environment, microplastic pollution has become a global environmental problem. For the detection of microplastics, the samples to be tested must first be subjected to a series of treatments, such as digestion, separation, filtration, etc. This process is also called pre-treatment of microplastics.

[0003] During the entire pre-treatment process, it is necessary to consider the problems that microplastic samples need to be transferred between equipment in each process, filtered, and rinsed in sample containers. As a modern detection process, it is necessary to be able to process multiple samples one by one in the form of an assembly line operation. How to automatically complete the processing of multiple samples is the problem to be solved by this solution. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of one of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a microplastic pretreatment device to solve the problem.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a microplastic pretreatment device, comprising:

[0006] A sample placement mechanism, used for placing the initial sample to be processed;

[0007] A tool placement mechanism is arranged on one side of the sample placement mechanism, and the sample in the sample placement mechanism can be poured into the sample tool on the tool placement mechanism; the sample tool is used to hold the sample;

[0008] A transfer mechanism, arranged on one side of the tooling placement mechanism, capable of transferring the sample tooling;

[0009] A sample processing unit can process the sample in the sample tooling, and the sample processing unit is arranged within the sample tooling transfer range executable by the transfer mechanism;

[0010] The filtration mechanism is arranged within the sample tooling transfer range executable by the transfer mechanism, and can filter the sample.

[0011] Preferably, the sample tooling comprises:

[0012] The container body is in the shape of a cup with an open top;

[0013] The container hoop body is an annular structure and is sleeved on the upper outer side of the container body.

[0014] Preferably, the sample placement mechanism comprises:

[0015] A sample rack, on which a plurality of placement positions for placing sample bottles are arranged;

[0016] A sample rack driving member, capable of driving the sample rack to rotate;

[0017] The bottle opening piece is arranged on one side of the sample rack and can open the bottle cap of the sample bottle.

[0018] Preferably, the sample holder comprises:

[0019] A sample holder, wherein the shaft is linked to the sample holder driving member and can rotate under the drive of the sample holder driving member;

[0020] A plurality of sample rotating racks are arranged circumferentially on the sample fixing rack, and each sample rotating rack can hold one of the sample fixtures;

[0021] The sample placement mechanism also includes:

[0022] The sample removal component is linked with the sample rotating frame and can drive the sample rotating frame to rotate.

[0023] Preferably, each of the sample rotating racks is rotatably connected to the sample fixing rack via a rotating shaft, and the sample removal assembly comprises:

[0024] The gear is removed and coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft of the sample rotating rack;

[0025] The rack can be moved out and can be raised or lowered in the vertical direction. The rack can be moved out and the gear setting can be moved out.

[0026] The removal bucket is arranged on one side of the sample fixing frame. When the sample rotating frame rotates, the sample in the sample bottle can be poured into the removal bucket. Both the upper and lower ends of the removal bucket are open ends. The lower side of the removal bucket is arranged toward the tooling placement mechanism.

[0027] Preferably, the tool placement mechanism comprises:

[0028] A tool placement rack, on which a plurality of tool placement positions distributed in a circumferential array are provided, on which the sample tool can be placed;

[0029] The tooling filter assembly is arranged between the tooling placement rack and the sample placement mechanism, and can receive the sample discharged by the sample placement mechanism, and discharge it into the sample tooling of the tooling placement rack after filtering; the tooling filter assembly includes a plurality of filter screens distributed in a circular array.

[0030] Preferably, the tool placement mechanism further comprises:

[0031] A first collecting bucket, fixedly disposed below the tooling filter assembly;

[0032] A tooling drive assembly is provided in a group corresponding to the tooling placement rack and the tooling filter assembly, and is used to drive the tooling placement rack and the tooling filter assembly to rotate.

[0033] Preferably, the transfer mechanism comprises:

[0034] The pouring mechanism is provided with a container placement position, and the container placement position is rotatable and used for pouring the sample in the container;

[0035] A moving mechanism is provided with a container gripper, and the container gripper can move in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction;

[0036] The flotation mechanism can float the sample, and a flotation plug which can be opened or closed is arranged at the bottom of the flotation mechanism.

[0037] Preferably, the sample processing unit comprises:

[0038] The drying component is provided with a heating element, which can dry the sample inside the sample tooling;

[0039] A digestion component, provided with a cooling element, for digesting the sample inside the sample fixture;

[0040] The powder material adding component is provided with a horizontally movable material box, which can add powdered experimental materials into the sample tooling. In the microplastic pretreatment process, the powdered experimental material in this process is sodium chloride.

[0041] Preferably, the filtration assembly comprises:

[0042] The filtration execution part is used to place the filtration screen and filter the sample in the filtration screen;

[0043] The filtration bearing part is used to bear the filtration screen after the filtration execution part completes the filtration;

[0044] The filtration execution unit comprises:

[0045] The suction filter plate is provided with a plurality of filter placement positions, and the filter placement positions are used to place the suction filter;

[0046] The suction filtration component is arranged at the lower side of the suction filtration plate and is used for filtering the suction filtration screen on the suction filtration plate.

[0047] Preferably, it also includes:

[0048] A flushing mechanism is used for flushing; the flushing mechanism comprises:

[0049] flush rack, which serves as a support structure;

[0050] A plurality of flushing parts are provided, and the flushing parts are distributed on the flushing rack; the flushing parts can be connected to the water supply passage, and each of the flushing parts is provided with a water outlet for flushing;

[0051] The flushing driving unit is linked with the flushing frame and can drive the flushing frame to move in a vertical or horizontal direction.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the device has the following beneficial effects: the device of the present invention can automatically perform the pre-treatment of microplastic samples in an unattended manner. Moreover, multiple samples can be operated and collected one by one. The device of the present invention can automatically perform the processes of sample removal, filtration, digestion, evaporation, salting, flotation, and filtration. In the process of performing the above processes, the relevant utensils can also be cleaned, thereby ensuring that the obtained samples will not be interfered by any interference factors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 The overall structure of the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 2 The overall structure of the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sample tooling structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 4 The sample placement mechanism structure of the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0057] Figure 5 The sample placement mechanism structure of the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0058] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tool placement mechanism of the embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 7 The transfer mechanism structure of the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0060] Figure 8 The transfer mechanism structure of the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0061] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of;

[0062] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the flotation mechanism structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Fig.11This is an enlarged view of the flotation plug of an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Fig.12 The structure of the filtration mechanism of the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0065] Fig.13 The structure of the filtration mechanism of the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0066] Fig.14 for Fig.12 A partial enlarged view of .

[0067] Fig.15 The flushing mechanism structure of the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0068] Fig.16 The flushing mechanism structure of the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0069] Fig.17 for Fig.16 A partial enlarged view of;

[0070] Fig.18 for Fig.15 A partial enlarged view of B.

[0071] In the figure:

[0072] 1. Sample placement mechanism;

[0073] 11. Sample rack; 111. Sample fixing rack; 112. Sample rotating rack; 12. Sample bottle; 13. Sample rack driving member; 14. Bottle opening member; 15. Sample removal assembly; 151. Removal rack; 152. Removal bucket;

[0074] 2. Tool placement mechanism;

[0075] 21. Tool placement rack; 22. Tool filtering assembly; 23. First collection bucket; 24. Tool driving assembly;

[0076] 3. Transfer institution;

[0077] 31. Tipping mechanism; 311. Tipping bracket; 3111. Tipping rod; 3112. Tipping bottom bracket; 3113. Tipping upper bracket; 312. Tipping drive member; 313. Tipping main rod

[0078] 32. Moving mechanism; 321. Container gripper; 3211. Grabbing arm; 3212. Grabbing hand; 3213. Reagent adding part; 322. Assistant driving assembly; 3221. Grabbing arm rod; 3222. Grabbing hand rotating assembly; 3223. Grabbing hand lifting assembly;

[0079] 33. flotation mechanism; 331. flotation bucket; 332. flotation plug; 3321. support layer; 3322. plug;

[0080] 4. Sample processing unit;

[0081] 41. Evaporation component; 42. Digestion component; 43. Powder material adding component;

[0082] 5. Filtration mechanism;

[0083] 51, filtration execution unit; 5110, filtration disc; 5111, first filtration disc; 5112, second filtration disc; 5113, filtration disc driver; 5120, filtration assembly; 5121, filtration cartridge; 5122, filtration element; 5123, cartridge driver;

[0084] 52, suction filtration bearing part; 521, suction filtration bearing box; 522, suction filtration bearing plate; 523, bearing plate driving assembly; 5231, bearing plate driving motor; 5232, bearing plate driven shaft; 5233, bearing plate sensor assembly;

[0085] 53. Suction filter;

[0086] 54, suction filtration table; 541, suction filtration feed rack; 542, suction filtration feed port;

[0087] 6. Sample tooling;

[0088] 61. Container body; 62. Tool hoop body;

[0089] 7. Flushing mechanism;

[0090] 71. Rinse rack;

[0091] 72, flushing part; 721, water inlet; 722, water outlet; 723, flushing connection block;

[0092] 73, flushing drive unit; 731, first flushing drive unit; 7311, flushing rack rod; 7312, first flushing drive assembly; 7313, flushing sleeve; 732, second flushing drive unit; 7321, flushing slide rail; 7322, flushing slide; 7323, second flushing drive assembly;

[0093] 8. Independent screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0094] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0095] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0096] A microplastic pre-treatment device includes a sample placement mechanism 1 for placing an initial sample to be processed; a tool placement mechanism 2 is provided on one side of the sample placement mechanism 1, the tool placement mechanism 2 is used to place a sample tool 6, and the sample in the sample placement mechanism 1 can be poured into the sample tool 6 on the tool placement mechanism 2; the sample tool 6 is used to hold the sample. A transfer mechanism 3 is provided on one side of the tool placement mechanism 2, and the transfer mechanism 3 can transfer the sample tool 6. The device also includes a sample processing unit 4, which can process the sample in the sample tool 6, and the sample processing unit 4 is arranged within the transfer range of the sample tool 6 executable by the transfer mechanism 3; the sample processing unit 4 processes the sample including evaporation, digestion, salting, etc. A filtration mechanism 5 is also provided within the transfer range of the sample tool 6 executable by the transfer mechanism 3, and the sample processed by the sample processing unit 4 is filtered by the filtration mechanism 5.

[0097] See also Figure 3 The sample fixture 6 is used as a container for holding the sample. The sample fixture 6 includes a container body 61 of a cup-shaped structure. The upper end of the container body 61 is open and is used to hold the sample. The whole is cylindrical. A container hoop body 62 is sleeved on the outer side of the upper part of the container body 61. The container hoop body 62 is composed of two semicircular ring structures connected and is arranged in a ring structure on the outer side of the container body 61.

[0098] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The sample placement mechanism 1 includes a sample rack 11, on which a plurality of placement positions for placing sample bottles 12 are arranged; a sample rack driving member 13 is arranged corresponding to the sample rack 11, and the sample rack 11 is driven to rotate by the sample rack driving member 13.

[0099] In order to facilitate opening the bottle cap of the sample bottle 12, a bottle opening member 14 is provided on one side of the sample rack 11. The bottle opening member 14 is a curved plate-like structure, and a bottle opening drive assembly is provided corresponding to the bottle opening member 14. The bottle opening drive assembly can drive the bottle opening member 14 to lift and rotate. The bottle cap of the sample bottle 12 is opened by moving the bottle opening member 14. The setting form of the bottle opening drive assembly can be similar to the related lifting and rotating assemblies described later in this scheme, and will not be repeated here.

[0100] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Figure 4 The sample rack 11 includes a sample fixing rack 111 and a sample rotating rack 112, wherein the central axis of the sample fixing rack 111 is linked with the sample rack driving member 13 and can rotate under the drive of the sample rack driving member 13; the linkage form of the sample rack driving member 13 and the sample fixing rack 111 can be a combination of synchronous wheels and synchronous belts. A plurality of sample rotating racks 112 are circumferentially distributed on the sample fixing rack 111, each sample rotating rack 112 can hold a sample fixture 6, and each sample rotating rack 112 is rotatably connected to the sample fixing rack 111 through a rotating shaft. In order to realize the automatic pouring out of the sample in the sample bottle 12, the present scheme is also provided with a sample removal component 15, which is linked with the sample rotating rack 112 and can drive the sample rotating rack 112 to rotate.

[0101] This solution provides a specific implementation form of a sample removal component 15, and the sample removal component 15 adopts a gear rack combination as the driving structure of the sample rotating frame 112. It includes a removal gear and a removal rack 151, and the removal gear is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft of the sample rotating frame 112; the removal rack 151 can be raised or lowered in the vertical direction, and the removal rack is set corresponding to the removal gear. There are many specific driving methods for the removal rack 151. This solution adopts a screw slider structure. The sample removal component 15 is set below the preset sample discharge position of the sample fixing frame 111, and a removal bucket 152 is set on one side of the sample discharge position to ensure that when the sample rotating frame 112 on the sample discharge position rotates, the sample in the sample bottle 12 can be poured into the removal bucket 152, and the upper and lower ends of the removal bucket 152 are both open ends; the lower side of the removal bucket 152 is set toward the tooling placement mechanism 2.

[0102] A removal rack 151 is provided on both sides of the slider of the sample removal assembly 15, and the removal rack 151 corresponds to the two removal gears of the sample movable rack 112 on the sample removal position. When the sample needs to be discharged, the slider is moved up by the rotation of the screw rod, and the removal rack 151 is used to drive the removal gear to rotate, and the sample rotating rack 112 rotates synchronously, so that the sample bottle 12 is tilted, and the sample inside can be introduced into the removal bucket 152.

[0103] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Figure 6, the tool placement mechanism 2 includes a tool placement rack 21 and a tool filter assembly 22. The tool placement rack 21 is provided with a plurality of tool placement positions distributed in a circular array, and each tool placement position can be provided with a sample tool 6. The tool filter assembly 22 is arranged between the tool placement rack 21 and the sample placement mechanism 1, and can receive the sample discharged from the removal bucket 152, and after filtering, discharge it into the sample tool 6 of the tool placement rack 21; the tool filter assembly 22 includes a plurality of filter nets distributed in a circular array. A set of tool drive assemblies 24 is respectively arranged corresponding to the tool placement rack 21 and the tool filter assembly 22, and the tool drive assembly 24 is used to drive the tool placement rack 21 and the tool filter assembly 22 to rotate. The driving mode can be set by a motor combined with a synchronous wheel structure. In order to determine the number of rotations and reset of the tool placement rack 21 and the tool filter assembly 22, a corresponding rotation angle sensor or other sensor assembly for detecting rotation can be set, or it can be set with the help of a servo motor.

[0104] The number of sample jigs 6 on the jig placement rack 21 corresponds to the number of filter screens of the jig filter assembly 22, and the position of the sample jig 6 on the jig placement rack 21 coincides with the axis of one of the filter screens. For ease of explanation, the coincident position of the sample jig 6 and the filter screen is referred to as position 1, and the sample in the removal bucket 152 can fall onto the filter screen at position 1, and after being filtered by the filter screen, enter the sample jig 6 also at position 1, completing the first transfer of the sample.

[0105] Considering the problem of continuous use of the device, the filter screen needs to be flushed. In addition to position 1, a flushing position is also set in the position where the filter screen of the tooling filter assembly 22 can rotate to, and the filter screen is flushed at the flushing position. A first collection bucket 23 is set corresponding to the flushing position. The first collection bucket 23 is fixedly set below the tooling filter assembly 22 to receive the flushing wastewater.

[0106] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Figure 7-Figure 11 The transfer mechanism 3 includes a dumping mechanism 31, a moving mechanism 32 and a flotation mechanism 33. The dumping mechanism 31 is provided with a container placement position, which is rotatable, and the dumping mechanism 31 is used to dump the sample in the container; the moving mechanism 32 is provided with a container gripper 321, which can move in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction; the flotation mechanism 33 can float the sample, and a flotation plug 332 which can be opened or closed is provided at the bottom of the flotation mechanism 33.

[0107] The above mechanisms are all arranged on the same table, which can be a platform, and a number of waste liquid cups can be arranged on the table to carry experimental waste liquid. The distribution of the above mechanisms can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and can be adaptively matched with other experimental units in specific use.

[0108] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The dumping mechanism 31 includes a dumping bracket 311 and a dumping drive 312. The dumping bracket 311 is arranged corresponding to the sample fixture 6; it includes a dumping frame rod 3111 of a rod structure, and a rotating shaft is arranged on the upper part of the dumping frame rod 3111, and the rotating shaft is linked with the dumping drive 312; a dumping bottom support 3112 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the dumping frame rod 3111, and the dumping bottom support 3112 is an annular plate structure, and the upper surface of the dumping bottom support 3112 is a plane perpendicular to the dumping frame rod 3111, and is used to place the bottom surface of the sample fixture 6. A dumping upper support 3113 is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the dumping frame rod 3111, and the dumping upper support 3113 is provided with a semicircular arc opening, and the inner diameter of the opening is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the sample fixture 6, and the inner diameter of the opening is smaller than the outer diameter of the container hoop body 62.

[0109] The tipping drive member 312 can be a motor, and its motor shaft is linked with the tipping bracket 311 to drive the tipping bracket 311 to rotate. When the tipping mechanism 31 is installed, a tipping main rod 313 can be fixedly or movably arranged on the table, and the tipping bracket 311 and the tipping drive member 312 are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper part of the tipping main rod 313, and the tipping drive member 313 is fixedly connected to the tipping main rod 313.

[0110] With this structure, the sample jig 6 can be easily placed on the tipping bracket 311. After placement, the tipping upper support 3113 is located on the upper side of the container hoop 62 of the sample jig 6. When tipping is required, the tipping bracket 311 is driven by the tipping driving member 312 to rotate in a direction to keep the tipping upper support 3113 located on the lower side of the sample jig 6. Under the clamping effect of the tipping upper support 3113 and the tipping lower support 3112, the sample jig 6 will not be separated from the tipping bracket 311.

[0111] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Fig. 9 The container gripper 321 includes a straight rod-shaped gripper arm 3211, which is a long strip-shaped support structure; a gripper arm 3212 is provided at one end of the gripper arm 3211, and the gripper arm 3212 is a semicircular arc structure, and the gripper arm 3212 corresponds to the sample fixture 6, and can lift the container hoop body 62 from the bottom. The gripper arm 3212 is also provided with a semicircular arc opening, and the inner diameter of the opening is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the sample fixture 6, and the inner diameter of the opening is smaller than the outer diameter of the container hoop body 62.

[0112] In order to facilitate the grabbing hand 3212 to remove the sample fixture 6 from the tipping bracket 311, the distance between the upper side of the sample bottom support 3112 and the lower side of the sample upper support 3113 is x, and the distance from the upper surface of the container hoop body 62 to the lower surface of the container body 61 is y, so that x is greater than y. In other words, when the sample fixture 61 is placed on the tipping bracket 311, there is a distance between the tipping upper support 3113 and the upper surface of the container hoop body 62. The advantage of this structure is that, on the one hand, when the grabbing hand 3212 is needed to grab the sample fixture 6, the grabbing hand 3212 is attached to the lower side of the container hoop body 62, and then the grabbing hand 3212 is slightly raised, so that the sample fixture 6 can be separated from the tipping bottom support 3112, and the grabbing arm 3211 rotates to drive the sample fixture 6 to leave the tipping bracket 311. On the other hand, the distance between the pouring upper support 3113 and the pouring bottom support 3112 facilitates pouring out the sample in the sample fixture 6. Because there is sediment in the microplastic solution, when pouring, the bottom of the sample fixture 6 is in contact with the pouring bottom support 3112 in the initial state. As the pouring bracket 311 rotates, when the sample fixture 6 rotates to the point where its mouth is below the horizontal plane, the sample fixture will slide, and the pouring upper support 3113 is in contact with the outer wall of the container body 61 of the sample fixture 6, and meets the limit of the container hoop body 62. Therefore, after the sample fixture 6 slides slightly, the container hoop body 62 will collide with the pouring upper support 3113. This collision produces a small vibration, which helps to pour out the sample in the sample fixture 6.

[0113] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, the container gripper 321 also includes a reagent additive 3213, which can add experimental reagents; the reagent additive 3213 includes three reagent pipelines, and three reagent addition ports are distributed on the lower side of the gripper 3212, and the opening direction of the reagent addition port is set downward. One end of the reagent pipeline is connected to the reagent addition port, and the other end is connected to the reagent storage unit through a pump. The reagent storage unit and the pump only need to supply reagents to the reagent pipeline. This technology is relatively mature and will not be repeated here.

[0114] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, the mobile mechanism 32 also includes a gripper drive assembly 322, which includes a gripper frame rod 3221, and the upper end of the gripper frame rod 3221 is fixedly connected to the end of the gripping arm 3211 away from the gripper 3212. At the lower end of the gripper frame rod 3221, there is a gripper rotation assembly 3222, which includes a motor, and the gripper frame rod 3221 is driven to rotate by the motor. The linkage between the motor and the gripper frame rod 3221 can be driven directly by the motor shaft, or by a synchronous belt and a synchronous wheel. A gripper lifting assembly 3223 is also provided below the gripper frame rod 3221, and the gripper lifting assembly 3223 is provided to drive the gripper frame rod 3221 to rise or fall. The linkage mode of the two can adopt a gripper lifting frame to be set corresponding to the gripper frame rod 3221, the gripper lifting frame is vertically slidably connected to the installation table, the upper side of the gripper lifting frame is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the gripper frame rod 3221, and the gripper lifting frame can be driven to rise and fall through the gripper lifting assembly 3223.

[0115] Based on the above implementation plan, Fig.10 and Fig.11 The flotation mechanism 3 includes a flotation bucket 331, a flotation plug 332 and a flotation frame 333. The flotation bucket 331 is open at the top and has a funnel-shaped structure at the bottom. The bottom of the flotation bucket 331 is a vertical straight pipe with a discharge port at the lower end of the straight pipe. The flotation plug 332 is arranged below the straight pipe. The upper part of the flotation frame 333 is fixedly connected to the flotation bucket 331; the flotation plug 332 is slidably connected to the lower part of the flotation frame 333 and can rise or fall in the vertical direction; the upper part of the flotation plug 332 is a cylindrical structure, which can be sleeved on the outside of the straight tube of the flotation bucket 332, and the lower part of the flotation plug 332 is a funnel-shaped structure with a discharge port at the bottom; a support layer 3321 is provided inside the cylindrical structure of the flotation plug 332 to support a plurality of through holes in the upper circumferential array; a blocking block 3322 is provided in the middle part of the upper side of the supporting layer 3321, and the blocking block 3322 is a block structure made of elastic material, and the blocking block 3322 can block the lower end of the straight tube of the flotation bucket 332. The flotation plug 332 is driven to rise and fall by a separately arranged motor. When it rises, the blocking block 3322 closes the lower end of the flotation bucket 331, and the sample cannot flow out. When it falls, the sample falls on the blocking block 3322, and the blocking block 3322 disperses the sample. After passing through the supporting layer 3321, the sample flows out from the lower end of the flotation plug 332. After flotation is completed, the blocking block 3322 rises to seal the flotation bucket 331.

[0116] The flotation mechanism 3 is also provided with a flotation frame driving member 334, which is linked with the flotation frame 333 to drive the flotation frame 333 to rise or fall. According to needs, a driving method similar to the aforementioned transfer mechanism 32 can also be adopted to drive the flotation frame 333 to rotate.

[0117] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Figure 1and Figure 2 The sample processing unit 4 includes a drying component 41, a digestion component 42 and a powder material adding component 43, which are respectively arranged corresponding to the three processes of drying, digestion and salting. The drying component 41 is provided with a heating element, and the container gripper 321 places the sample fixture 6 at the corresponding position of the drying component 41, and heats the sample inside the sample fixture 6 by the heating element, such as electric heating, to dry the sample. The digestion component 42 is provided with a cooling element, which is used to digest the sample inside the sample fixture 6. The powder material adding component 43 is provided with a horizontally movable material box, which can add powdered experimental material, namely sodium chloride, to the sample fixture 6. The material box can be driven to move horizontally by a horizontally arranged screw rod, and a rotatable switch door is arranged at the bottom of the material box to realize the opening and closing of the lower end of the material box. The rotation speed of the switch door can be adjusted so that the switch door rotates one circle to add a total of 12g of sodium chloride. The lateral movement structure of the material box is designed to replenish the salt inside the material box, and an external feeding position is reserved for replenishing the salt. At the same time, the movable material box can also adaptively adjust the salt adding position according to the specific experimental steps.

[0118] In addition, in order to facilitate recording the changes of the sample in each processing process, a weighing component is also set in the processing unit 4, and the weight of the sample fixture 6 is detected by a pressure sensor, and the weight of the sample is obtained after taring. The setting of the weighing component can be adjusted according to needs, and a special weighing position can be set, or each processing component can be set separately.

[0119] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Figure 12-Figure 14 , the filtration assembly 5 includes a filtration table 54 as the base of the mechanism, and a filtration feed rack 541 is provided on the filtration table 54, and a filtration feed port 542 is provided on the filtration feed rack 541. When the mechanism is in use, the sample is added through the filtration feed port 542. A filtration execution part 51 and a filtration bearing part 52 are respectively provided on the filtration table 54. The filtration execution part 51 is used to place the filtration filter 53, and can filter the sample in the filtration filter 53 at the same time; the filtration bearing part 52 is used to carry the filtration filter 53 after the filtration of the filtration execution part 51 is completed. The filtration execution part 51 includes a filtration disc 5110 and a filtration assembly 5120. The filtration plate 5110 is provided with a plurality of filter screen placement positions, and the filter screen placement positions are used to place the filtration screen 53 ; the filtration assembly 5120 is provided at the lower side of the filtration plate 5120 , and is used to filter the filtration screen 53 on the filtration plate 5110 .

[0120] During filtration, the sample is added from the filtration feed port 542, and the sample falls on the filtration screen 53 on the filtration plate 5110, and then filtered one by one by the filtration assembly 5120. The filtration screen 53 that has completed the filtration enters the filtration support part 52 for subsequent processing.

[0121] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, the suction filter disc 5110 is a double-layer structure, including a first suction filter disc 5111 and a second suction filter disc 5112 arranged up and down. The first suction filter disc 5111 is provided with a plurality of filter screen placement positions, the filter screen placement positions correspond to the suction filter screen 53, and the filter screen placement positions penetrate the disc of the first suction filter disc 5111, and the filter screen placement positions are distributed in a circular array; the second suction filter disc 5112 is coaxially arranged with the first suction filter disc 5111, and is located at the lower side of the first suction filter disc 5111; the second suction filter disc 5112 is provided with a suction filter port and a suction filter screen discharge port; the suction filter assembly 5120 is located below the suction filter port. The first suction filter disc 5111 is rotatably arranged, and the second suction filter disc 5112 is fixedly arranged. When the suction filter screen 53 is located at the filter screen placement position of the first suction filter disc 5111, its bottom surface is supported by the second suction filter disc 5112 and will not fall. When the suction filter screen 53 moves to the suction filter port as the first suction filter disc 5111 rotates, the lower side of the suction filter screen 53 is connected to the suction filter assembly 5120 and will not fall. When the filter screen placement position on the first suction filter disc 5111 rotates to the suction filter screen outlet position of the second suction filter disc 5112, the suction filter screen 53 can directly fall from the suction filter screen outlet to the subsequent suction filter bearing portion 52.

[0122] The suction filter screen 53 is circular, and the filter screen placement position on the first suction filter disk 5111 and the suction filter screen discharge port on the second suction filter disk 5112 are both circular ports with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the suction filter screen 53. For the suction filter port of the second suction filter disk 5112, two settings can be adopted. One is that the inner diameter of the suction filter port is smaller than the outer diameter of the suction filter screen 53, ensuring that the suction filter screen 53 can be linked with the lower suction filter assembly 5120, and the suction filter screen 53 will not fall; the second is that the suction filter port and the suction filter screen discharge port adopt the same setting, and the suction filter assembly 5120 can support the suction filter screen 53 on the lower side of the second suction filter disk 5112, so that it will not fall off at the suction filter port. The above two methods each have advantages and disadvantages, and can be selected and set according to actual production needs.

[0123] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, the second suction filter disc 5112 is fixedly arranged on the suction filter plate 54, the first suction filter disc 5111 is coaxially rotatably arranged with the second suction filter disc 5112, and the disc shaft of the first suction filter disc 5111 extends downward after passing through the second suction filter disc 5112 and the suction filter plate 54. A suction filter disc driver 5113 is arranged on the lower side of the suction filter plate 54, and the suction filter disc driver 5113 is a motor, whose machine shaft and the disc shaft of the first suction filter disc 5111 are linked by a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt combination, and the first suction filter disc 5111 can be driven to rotate by the suction filter disc driver 5113. The suction filter feed port 542 and the suction filter port on the second suction filter disc 5112 are coaxially arranged.

[0124] Through this structure, the fixed second suction filter disc 5112 is used as the basic structure to ensure that the feeding position of the sample and the discharge position of the suction filter screen 53 are fixed, which is convenient for subsequent combination with other mechanisms. The rotatable first suction filter disc 5111 is used to realize the basic structure of continuous suction operation of different suction filter screens 53.

[0125] On the basis of the above-mentioned implementation scheme, the suction filtration assembly 5120 includes a suction filtration cartridge 5121 and a suction filtration element 5122. The suction filtration cartridge 5121 is arranged below the second suction filtration disc 5112 of the suction filtration disc 5110, and is arranged coaxially aligned with the suction filtration port. The suction filtration element 5122 is arranged below the suction filtration cartridge 5121, and is connected to the suction filtration cartridge 5121. The suction filtration element 5122 uses a peristaltic pump to filter the suction filter screen 53 one by one through the suction filtration element 5112 and the suction filtration cartridge 5121. The suction filtration assembly 5120 also includes a suction filtration drive element 5123, which serves as a power source for the suction filtration assembly 5120.

[0126] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, this scheme provides two different structural settings for the filtration drive 5123. One of them is that the filtration cartridge 5121 adopts a movable structure, a filtration cartridge bracket is arranged below the filtration table 54, and the filtration cartridge 5121 is fixedly connected to the filtration cartridge bracket. A slide rail is arranged on the lower side of the filtration table 54, and the filtration cartridge bracket is slidably connected to the slide rail. The filtration cartridge 5121 is connected to a peristaltic pump for filtration. A rack is arranged on one side of the filtration cartridge bracket, and a gear is arranged on the motor shaft of the filtration drive 5123, which forms a gear rack structure with the filtration cartridge bracket, and can drive the filtration cartridge 5121 to move up and down. The advantage of this structure is that the filtration cartridge 5121 is easy to separate from the second filtration plate 5112, which is convenient for cleaning.

[0127] Another way is to use the suction filter drive 5123 as the power structure of the peristaltic pump itself. In this way, the suction filter cartridge 5121 and the second suction filter plate 5112 are fixedly arranged to ensure the connection with the suction filter port position. A flexible and retractable bellows is connected to the lower side of the suction filter cartridge 5121, and the bellows is the suction filter tube, and the lower suction filter frame of the suction filter tube, the suction filter frame at this time is the aforementioned suction filter cartridge bracket, the two are of the same structure, only the functional use is different, the suction filter frame is also slidably connected to the suction filter plate 54 through a slide rail, and in this way, the suction filter drive 5123 drives the suction filter frame to reciprocate up and down, thereby realizing the reciprocating extension and contraction of the suction filter tube and realizing the suction filter function.

[0128] Both of the above methods can be used, and you can choose according to actual needs.

[0129] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, the filtration bearing part 52 includes a filtration bearing plate 522 and a plurality of filtration bearing boxes 521. The filtration bearing plate 522 is rotatably arranged on the filtration table 54, on which a plurality of bearing box placement positions for placing the filtration bearing boxes 521 are arranged, and the bearing box placement positions are evenly distributed in a circumferential array; the filtration bearing boxes 521 are placed in the bearing box placement positions to carry the filtration filter screen 53 after filtration. The filtration bearing plate 522 and the filtration bearing boxes 521 are both located below the second filtration plate 5112.

[0130] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, a carrier plate drive assembly 523 is further provided below the suction filter plate 54, and the carrier plate drive assembly 523 includes a carrier plate drive motor 5231 and a carrier plate driven shaft 5232. The suction filter carrier plate 522 is coaxially fixedly connected to the carrier plate driven shaft 5232, and the carrier plate driven shaft 5232 extends downward after passing through the suction filter plate 54. The carrier plate driven shaft 5232 and the carrier plate drive motor 5231 are linked by a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt combination.

[0131] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, a carrier plate sensor assembly 5233 is provided in linkage with the carrier plate driving motor 5231 , and the number of rotations of the filtration carrier plate 522 can be fed back through the carrier plate sensor assembly 5233 .

[0132] The carrier plate sensor assembly 5233 can be implemented in a variety of forms. This solution provides one of the implementation forms. Fig.14 A disk is coaxially fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the carrier disk drive motor 5231, and a notch is opened on the disk as a sensing port. A light sensor, such as an infrared sensor, is set on one side of the disk. When the light beam from the sensor transmitting end passes through the notch, it is a recording point. After the disk rotates, the light beam is blocked. When the notch rotates to the sensor again, because the light beam can pass through the notch position to reach the receiving end, it means that the disk has rotated one circle.

[0133] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, since the filter screen, sample fixture 61 and the like involved need to be cleaned during the entire pre-treatment process, the device is also provided with a flushing mechanism 7 for flushing, see Figure 15-18 The flushing mechanism 7 includes a flushing frame 71 as a supporting structure. A plurality of flushing parts 72 are arranged on the flushing frame 71, and the flushing parts 72 are arranged on the flushing frame 71 in a distributed structure; the flushing parts 72 can be connected to the water supply passage, and each flushing part 72 is provided with a water outlet 722 for flushing. The flushing frame 71 is linked with the flushing driving part 73, and the flushing driving part 73 drives the flushing frame 71 to perform lifting and rotating actions. Therefore, the flushing parts 72 on the flushing frame 71 can flush all containers within a certain range.

[0134] The flushing rack 71 is a rod-shaped structure, which is set horizontally when in use. One end of the flushing rack 71 is connected to the flushing drive unit 73, and the other end is horizontally extended to set the flushing member 72; the water outlet of the flushing member 72 is directed in a direction away from the axis of the flushing rack 71. In other words, the water outlets of the flushing member 72 are directed in different directions for flushing, thereby meeting the flushing needs inside or outside containers of different positions and shapes.

[0135] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Fig.17 The flushing member 72 includes a flushing connection block 723 as a main body of the flushing member 72 . The flushing connection block 723 is detachably connected to the flushing frame 71 . A water inlet 721 and a water outlet 722 are respectively arranged on the body of the flushing connection block 723 .

[0136] Each set of water inlet 721 and water outlet 722 forms a water path inside the flushing connection block 723. One or more sets of water inlet 721 and water outlet 722 can be set on the flushing connection block 723 according to the needs.

[0137] In this embodiment, two flushing parts 72 are provided, one of which is a dual-way flushing part having two groups of water inlets 721 and water outlets 722, and the other is a single-way flushing part having one group of water inlets 721 and water outlets 722.

[0138] Taking the length direction of the flushing rack 71 as the longitudinal direction, one of the two water outlets 722 on the dual-way flushing member is set vertically downward, and the other is set in the same direction as the longitudinal direction and tilted upward. The water outlet of the single-way flushing member is set toward one side of the lateral direction and tilted upward. The dual-way flushing member is located at the end of the flushing rack 71 away from the flushing drive unit 73, and the single-way flushing member is set close to the dual-way flushing member.

[0139] The three water outlets 722 are provided in the structure of the scheme, two of which are provided upwards, because most containers will be inclined downwards when they are rinsed, so two water outlets inclined upwards are provided. However, considering the rinsing of the outer wall and the bottom of the container when it is inverted, a downward water outlet 722 is also provided.

[0140] As a further extension of the solution, the water outlet 722 can choose to use an atomizing nozzle or a high-pressure nozzle. Because the water outlet 722 of this solution is configured with an independent water channel, the specific type of the water outlet 722 can be set according to needs.

[0141] On the basis of the above embodiment, the flushing drive unit 73 includes a first flushing drive unit 731 and a second flushing drive unit 732. The first flushing drive unit 731 is used to drive the flushing frame 71 to rotate about its own axis, and the second flushing drive unit 732 is used to drive the flushing frame 71 to rise and fall.

[0142] The first flushing drive unit 731 includes a flushing frame rod 7311 fixedly connected to the end of the flushing frame 71. The flushing frame rod 7311 is vertically arranged, and its axis is perpendicular to the length direction of the flushing frame 71. The flushing frame rod 7311 and the flushing frame 71 form a "7" structure.

[0143] The second flushing drive unit 732 includes a vertical and fixed flushing rail 7321. When in use, the flushing rail 7321 can be fixed to the lower side of the table where the mechanism is set. A flushing carriage 7322 is slidably connected to the flushing rail 7321, and the lower end of the flushing frame rod 7311 is rotatably connected to the flushing carriage 7322. The flushing carriage 7322 is connected to the second flushing drive assembly 7323. The second flushing drive assembly 7323 can drive the flushing carriage 7322 to move along the flushing rail 7321, thereby realizing the lifting action of the flushing frame 71.

[0144] By lifting and rotating the flushing rack rod 731, the flushing part 72 can flush the container within a certain range, which is a circular range. Because the two upward water outlets 722 are both set in an inclined upward direction, the actual flushing range is longer than the length of the flushing rack 71. By changing the water supply pressure, the flushing range and flushing effect can be changed.

[0145] Based on the above implementation scheme, see Fig.18 The second flushing drive assembly 7323 includes a motor and a screw, wherein the motor is fixedly arranged at one side of the bottom of the flushing slide 7321, serving as the power source of the second flushing drive assembly 7323; the motor shaft of the motor is connected to the screw through a coupling, the axis of the screw is parallel to the length direction of the flushing slide 7321, and the flushing slide 7322 is threadedly connected to the screw. By adjusting the rotation direction of the motor, the screw is driven to rotate, thereby driving the flushing slide 7322 to move up and down.

[0146] For the driving structure of the first flushing drive unit 731, this solution adopts a structure in which a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt are arranged at the lower part of the flushing frame rod 731, one of the synchronous wheels is coaxial with the flushing frame rod 731, and the other is coaxial with the motor shaft of the motor configured for the first flushing drive unit 731. In order to facilitate the control of the rotation angle, see Fig.18A disc is set on the motor shaft of the first flushing drive unit 731, and a notch is opened on the disc. A light sensor is set on one side of the disc. When the light beam passes through the notch, the position of the sensor range is the initial position. As the use needs, the motor drives the flushing rack 731 to rotate in different directions. When it is finally reset, the notch is aligned with the light sensor.

[0147] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, in order to ensure that the flushing frame rod 731 has sufficient stability without occupying excess space, the first flushing drive unit 731 also includes a flushing sleeve 7313, which is fixedly arranged on the mounting table of the mechanism, and the flushing frame rod 7311 is sleeved in the flushing sleeve 7313 and is rotatably and slidably connected to the flushing sleeve 7313.

[0148] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, this scheme is further provided with an independent screen 8, and the independent screen is equipped with its corresponding lateral movement, flipping and lifting mechanism, which can drive the independent screen 8 to rotate, lift, lateral movement and flip. The independent screen 8 can be set with screens of different meshes according to the needs to supplement the filtering needs during the experiment.

[0149] On the basis of the above implementation scheme, combined with the present device, the present scheme provides a microplastic pretreatment process. As a further scheme, the above-mentioned mechanisms meet the following settings.

[0150] Six sample rotating racks 112 are arranged on the sample rack 11, and the sample bottle 12 is a 1000ml sample bottle with a cover. The filter screen on the tooling filter assembly 22 is a 5mm stainless steel screen, and a total of 6 are arranged, which is used for the first-level filtration of microplastic samples to remove large particles. The independent screen 8 is a 0.1mm stainless steel screen. The flushing mechanism 7 is sufficient to flush the independent screen 8, the flotation mechanism 33, and the sample tooling 6, and the flushing mechanism 7 is passed through two cleaning liquids, pure water and saline. The volume of the sample tooling 6 is selected to be 500ml. A flat temperature detector is arranged at the gripper 3212 of the container gripper 321, and the sensing end of the flat temperature detector faces downward for temperature feedback. The reagent adding part 3213 is sufficient to add digestion reagent and pure water respectively. The gripper 3212 of the transfer mechanism 3 can drive the sample tooling 6 to move within the range of the evaporation component 41, the digestion component 42, and the dumping mechanism 31. And in this process, the moving range of the powder material adding component 43 can meet the needs of adding salt to the sample fixture 6 on the grabbing hand 3212. The dumping mechanism 31 is arranged corresponding to the flotation mechanism 33, and the sample inside the sample fixture 6 can be poured into the flotation mechanism 33. The filtration mechanism 5 corresponds to the discharge port of the flotation mechanism 33, and can filter the sample after flotation. The filter screen on the first filtration disk 5111 is a filter membrane, and a total of 6 are set, which are used for filtering to obtain the required microplastics. The filtration carrier box 521 is configured as an evaporating dish, and a total of 6 filtration carrier boxes 521 are set. An independent weighing component is set as a weighing position. A liquid level sensor is set in the flotation bucket 331 of the flotation mechanism 33.

[0151] The corresponding positions on the sample rack 11, the tooling rack 21, and the tooling filter assembly 22 are described as positions 1 to 6.

[0152] The process is as follows:

[0153] 1. The sample bottle 12 at position 1 on the sample rack 11 is transferred to the bottle opening member 14, which descends, rotates to take the cap, and then ascends;

[0154] 2. The 5 mm stainless steel screen at position 1 on the tooling filter assembly 22 is rotated to the filtering position, i.e., moved out from under the bucket 152, and the independent screen 8 drives its 0.1 mm stainless steel screen to the filtering position, located below the 5 mm stainless steel screen;

[0155] 3. After opening the bottle, the No. 1 sample bottle 12 on the sample rack 11 is transferred to the position of the sample removal assembly 15, and the sample removal assembly 15 rotates the sample bottle 12 by 120-180 degrees to pour the sample into the screen of the tooling filter assembly 22;

[0156] 4. The flushing mechanism 7 moves to the position of the sample removal component 15, and the sample bottle 12 is cleaned 3 times with pure water. The flushing mechanism 7 is reset, and the sample removal component 15 is reset;

[0157] 5. The No. 1 sample fixture 6 of the fixture placement rack 21 is rotated to below the independent screen 8, that is, the 0.1 mm stainless steel screen is located above the No. 1 sample fixture 6, the independent screen 8 is rotated 180°, the flushing mechanism 7 is moved to above the independent screen 8, and the independent screen 8 is cleaned from the back with pure water, and the flushing mechanism 7 is reset, and the independent screen 8 is reset;

[0158] 6. The No. 1 sample tool 6 is transferred to the next station, the container gripper 321 descends, transfers to the No. 1 sample tool 6, ascends, the sample tool 6 is separated from the tool placement rack 21, rotates to the evaporation component 41, descends, puts down the sample tool 6, and resets;

[0159] 7. Heat to 60°C until almost dry, and the container gripper 321 turns the sample fixture 6 to the weighing position and resets it;

[0160] 8. Peel the skin when weighing;

[0161] 9. The container gripper 321 transfers the sample fixture 6 to the digestion assembly 42 and resets it;

[0162] 10. The container gripper 321 moves to the top of the digestion component 42, adds the digestion reagent, and reads the temperature of the temperature sensor at the same time. If the temperatures at each point are inconsistent, continue to add the digestion reagent, otherwise the digestion is terminated.

[0163] 11. After digestion is completed, the container gripper 321 moves the sample fixture 6 to the weighing position and resets it;

[0164] 12. Weigh the net weight of the sample fixture 6, move the container gripper 321 to the top of the weighing position, slowly add pure water, and stop when it reaches a multiple of 20 (20, 40, 660, 80), and reset the container gripper 321;

[0165] 13. The powder material adding component 43 adds a certain mass of sodium chloride;

[0166] 14. The container gripper 321 transfers the sample fixture 6 to the dumping mechanism 31, resets it, and the dumping mechanism 31 reciprocates several times to dissolve the sodium chloride;

[0167] 15. The dumping mechanism 31 rotates to pour the solution in the sample fixture 6 into the flotation mechanism 33, and the flushing mechanism washes the sample fixture 6 with sodium chloride solution for a total of 3 times;

[0168] 16. Let stand for stratification;

[0169] 17. The flotation plug 332 of the lower layer of the flotation mechanism 33 descends, and according to the liquid level, the insoluble matter in the lower layer is emptied and then rises to plug the liquid;

[0170] 18. The filter membrane No. 1 position on the first filter disc 5111 in the filter mechanism 5 is turned to the filter position, the filter membrane No. 1 position is turned to the receiving position, the flotation mechanism 33 is turned to the filter position, the filter cartridge 5121 rises, the filter membrane (clip) is pressed tightly, and the microplastics are filtered onto the filter membrane. The filter cartridge 5121 is lowered and reset, and the flotation mechanism 33 is reset;

[0171] 19. Position 1 of the first filtration disc 5111 rotates, and the filter membrane (clip) automatically drops onto the filtration carrying box 521 of the filtration carrying part 52, and the entire pre-treatment process is completed.

[0172] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microplastic pretreatment device, characterized in that: include: A sample placement mechanism (1) is used to place an initial sample to be processed; A tool placement mechanism (2) is arranged on one side of the sample placement mechanism (1); the tool placement mechanism (2) is used to place a sample tool (6); the sample in the sample placement mechanism (1) can be poured into the sample tool (6) on the tool placement mechanism (2); the sample tool (6) is used to hold the sample; A transfer mechanism (3) is arranged on one side of the tool placement mechanism (2) and can transfer the sample tool (6); A sample processing unit (4) is capable of processing a sample in a sample tool (6), and the sample processing unit (4) is arranged within a transfer range of the sample tool (6) executable by the transfer mechanism (3); The filtration mechanism (5) is arranged within the transfer range of the sample tooling (6) executable by the transfer mechanism (3); and can filter the sample; The sample tool (6) comprises: The container body (61) is in the shape of a cup with an open top; The container hoop body (62) is an annular structure and is sleeved on the upper outer side of the container body (61); The transfer mechanism (3) comprises: The moving mechanism (32) is provided with a container gripper (321), and the container gripper (321) can move in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction; The container gripper (321) comprises a straight rod-shaped gripper arm (3211) which is a long strip-shaped support structure; a gripper hand (3212) is arranged at one end of the gripper arm (3211); the gripper hand (3212) is a semicircular arc structure; the gripper hand (3212) corresponds to the sample fixture (6) and can hold up the container hoop body (62) from the bottom; the gripper hand (3212) is also provided with a semicircular arc opening, the inner diameter of the opening is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the sample fixture (6), and the inner diameter of the opening is smaller than the outer diameter of the container hoop body (62); The container gripper (321) further comprises a reagent adding part (3213), and the reagent adding part (3213) can add experimental reagents; the reagent adding part (3213) comprises three reagent pipelines, and three reagent adding ports are distributed and arranged on the lower side of the gripper (3212), and the opening direction of the reagent adding port is arranged downward; one end of the reagent pipeline is connected to the reagent adding port, and the other end is connected to the reagent storage unit through a pump; Also includes, The flushing mechanism (7) is used for flushing; the flushing mechanism (7) comprises: A flushing rack (71) serving as a supporting structure; A plurality of flushing components (72) are provided, and the flushing components (72) are distributed on the flushing frame (71); the flushing components (72) can be connected to a water supply passage, and each flushing component (72) is provided with a water outlet (722) for flushing; The flushing member (72) comprises a flushing connection block (723) serving as the main body of the flushing member (72); the flushing connection block (723) is detachably connected to the flushing frame (71); and a water inlet (721) and a water outlet (722) are respectively arranged on the body of the flushing connection block (723); Each set of water inlets (721) and water outlets (722) forms a water path inside the flushing connection block (723); one or more sets of water inlets (721) and water outlets (722) are provided on the flushing connection block (723).

2. The microplastic pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample placement mechanism (1) comprises: A sample rack (11) having a plurality of placement positions for placing sample bottles (12); A sample rack driving member (13) capable of driving the sample rack (11) to rotate; The bottle opening member (14) is arranged on one side of the sample rack (11) and can open the bottle cap of the sample bottle (12).

3. The microplastic pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sample rack (11) comprises: A sample fixing rack (111), wherein the shaft is linked to the sample rack driving member (13) and can rotate under the drive of the sample rack driving member (13); A plurality of sample rotating racks (112) are arranged circumferentially on the sample fixing rack (111), and each sample rotating rack (112) can hold one of the sample fixtures (6); The sample placement mechanism (1) further comprises: The sample removal component (15) is linked with the sample rotating frame (112) and can drive the sample rotating frame (112) to rotate.

4. The microplastic pretreatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the sample rotating racks (112) is rotatably connected to the sample fixing rack (111) via a rotating shaft, and the sample removal assembly (15) comprises: The gear is removed and coaxially fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft of the sample rotating frame (112); A removal rack (151) can be raised or lowered in the vertical direction, and the removal rack corresponds to the removal of the gear arrangement; The removal bucket (152) is arranged on one side of the sample fixing frame (111). When the sample rotating frame (112) rotates, the sample in the sample bottle (12) can be poured into the removal bucket (152). Both the upper and lower ends of the removal bucket (152) are open ends. The lower side of the removal bucket (152) is arranged toward the tool placement mechanism (2).

5. The microplastic pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool placement mechanism (2) comprises: A tool placement rack (21) having a plurality of tool placement positions distributed in a circumferential array, on which the sample tool (6) can be placed; The tooling filter assembly (22) is arranged between the tooling placement rack (21) and the sample placement mechanism (1), and can receive the sample discharged from the sample placement mechanism (1), and after filtering, discharge it into the sample tooling (6) of the tooling placement rack (21); the tooling filter assembly (22) comprises a plurality of filter screens distributed in a circumferential array.

6. The microplastic pretreatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tool placement mechanism (2) further comprises: A first collection bucket (23) fixedly disposed below the tooling filter assembly (22); A tooling drive assembly (24) is provided in a group corresponding to the tooling placement rack (21) and the tooling filter assembly (22), and is used to drive the tooling placement rack (21) and the tooling filter assembly (22) to rotate.

7. The microplastic pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer mechanism (3) further comprises: The pouring mechanism (31) is provided with a container placement position, wherein the container placement position is rotatable and is used to pour the sample in the container; The flotation mechanism (33) can float the sample, and a flotation plug (332) that can be opened or closed is provided at the bottom of the flotation mechanism (33).

8. The microplastic pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample processing unit (4) comprises: The drying component (41) is provided with a heating element and can dry the sample inside the sample fixture (6); A digestion component (42) is provided with a cooling element and is used to digest the sample inside the sample fixture (6); The powder material adding component (43) is provided with a horizontally movable material box, and can add powdered experimental materials into the sample tooling (6).

9. The microplastic pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction filtration component (5) comprises: A filtration execution unit (51) is used to place a filtration filter (53) and can filter the sample in the filtration filter (53); A filtration bearing part (52) used for bearing the filtration filter screen (53) after the filtration is completed by the filtration execution part (51); The filtration execution unit (51) comprises: The suction filter plate (5110) is provided with a plurality of filter placement positions, wherein the filter placement positions are used to place the suction filter (53); The suction filtration assembly (5120) is arranged on the lower side of the suction filtration plate (5120) and is used to perform suction filtration on the suction filtration screen (53) on the suction filtration plate (5110).

10. The microplastic pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing mechanism (7) further comprises: The flushing drive unit (73) is linked with the flushing frame (71) and can drive the flushing frame (71) to move in a vertical or horizontal direction.

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