A control and evaluation method for urban expressway weaving areas with reduced game time

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for controlling and evaluating the interweaving area of ​​an urban expressway for reducing the gaming time, including using a drone to collect traffic data of the interweaving area of ​​the expressway, obtaining geometric design parameters of the interweaving area of ​​the expressway; obtaining vehicle gaming information of the interweaving area of ​​the expressway; calculating the initial capacity of the interweaving area of ​​the expressway; calculating the traffic volume of the gaming section, and performing a significance test on the traffic volume; formulating a control strategy for the interweaving area of ​​the expressway according to the geometric design parameters of the interweaving area of ​​the expressway and the significance test results of the traffic volume; simulating the control strategy, and based on the initial capacity of the interweaving area of ​​the expressway, calculating the increased capacity of the entire interweaving area of ​​the expressway due to the reduction of the vehicle gaming time. The vehicle grouping rules formulated by the present invention can realize dynamic strategy management of vehicle gaming under different circumstances, thereby reducing the vehicle gaming time and improving the road capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of expressway traffic control, and specifically relates to a method for controlling and evaluating an interweaving area of ​​an urban expressway for reducing negotiation time. Background Art

[0002] As one of the most important infrastructures in a city, urban expressways play a vital role in improving the traffic safety and transportation efficiency of the entire city, effectively alleviating traffic congestion within the city, and expanding the space for urban development. In the urban expressway area, once a game between two vehicles occurs, the time for vehicles to change lanes will be longer, thereby reducing the capacity of the expressway. Therefore, it is particularly important to improve the capacity of the expressway by reducing the game time for vehicles to change lanes.

[0003] In recent years, with the increase in the number of vehicles, the number of vehicles on the road has also increased. Unlike ordinary urban roads, there is no signal control in the weaving area of ​​the expressway, resulting in disordered lane change behavior and lack of rules and constraints. When the driver approaches the weaving area to change lanes, due to unclear fixed lane change strategies, he may not give way to other vehicles, resulting in the inability of subsequent vehicles to pass in time. The root cause of this problem lies in the lack of clear weaving area lane change rules and management strategies.

[0004] Some researchers have proposed changing road markings at specific locations to improve the lane-changing situation of vehicles in weaving areas. However, these studies face challenges in practical applications, such as the inability of vehicles to change lanes again once they pass a specific lane-changing location, and the limited length of some weaving areas. Therefore, the present invention aims to study the game of vehicles in weaving areas on expressways and develop methods and strategies.

[0005] Among them, the game time is the time it takes from the beginning of the state where vehicles in two adjacent lanes do not give way to each other due to lane changing to the end of this state.

[0006] Game section: A road section with two adjacent lanes where vehicles may not give way to each other when changing lanes.

[0007] Traffic capacity: the maximum number of vehicles passing through a certain section of a road or intersection per unit time under certain road and traffic conditions.

[0008] Traffic flow: refers to the actual number of vehicles passing through a certain location or section on the road within a unit of time.

[0009] Prior art 1. A method for setting road markings in an urban expressway weaving area: This method takes the road marking setting in an urban expressway weaving area as the research object, uses a cellular automaton simulation model, and analyzes the road markings that separate diverging and merging traffic by combining white solid lines and dotted lines under different traffic demands, which specifically includes the following contents:

[0010] Step 1: Install four traffic flow monitoring devices at the entrance and exit of the intersecting area of ​​the urban expressway, two of which are located on the expressway and two on the urban road connected to the expressway;

[0011] Step 2, obtain the geometric design variables of the weaving area road: the weaving area length Lw, the diverging section length Ld in the weaving area where only vehicles are allowed to enter the urban road from the expressway, and the merging section length Lm where only the urban road is allowed to merge into the expressway;

[0012] Step 3: Obtain vehicle driving data in the weaving area and obtain traffic demand data in the weaving area;

[0013] Step 4: Establishing simulation following rules: Based on the NS cellular automaton model, establishing following rules for each vehicle in lane 1 and lane 2;

[0014] Step 5: Establish lane changing rules for vehicles below the road markings at the separation and merging lane change positions;

[0015] Step 6: In the established cellular automation simulation model, compare the effects of various road markings on the maximum queue length and traffic capacity in the weaving area under the same traffic demand, and determine the road marking corresponding to the minimum maximum queue length and the maximum traffic capacity as the final weaving area road marking;

[0016] Step 7: Establish lane-changing rules for vehicles under road markings that allow diverging and merging vehicles to change lanes at any position in the weaving area: For diverging and merging vehicles, lane change is allowed when they are at the position at time t.

[0017] The disadvantages of this prior art are:

[0018] 1. The road marking setting method proposed in this plan cannot effectively improve the game between the diverted vehicles and the ramp vehicles when they enter the auxiliary road through the diverted section during peak hours.

[0019] 2. The traffic flow monitoring equipment used in this solution is fixed on the expressway and the urban roads connected to the expressway. The cost of investing in the equipment is high and it is relatively slow compared to drone monitoring.

[0020] 3. The road markings in this scheme are set in fixed sections. In the interweaving areas of expressways with fewer lanes, the fixed road markings will cause the queues of vehicles that need to change lanes to be too long.

[0021] Prior Art 2: A method for controlling the dynamic division of lanes in the weaving area of ​​an expressway: This method proposes to dynamically divide the lanes in the weaving area into two parts, the weaving area lanes and the non-weaving area lanes, based on the actual traffic status through signal indication signs. The method specifically includes the following contents:

[0022] Step 1: Divide the expressway weaving area into weaving lanes and non-weaving lanes based on actual traffic conditions;

[0023] Step 2: Use weaving lanes to weave on-ramp and off-ramp traffic with mainline traffic;

[0024] Step 3: Use non-weaving lanes to provide dedicated right-of-way for non-weaving traffic on the main line of the expressway, thereby improving the traffic capacity of the weaving area and alleviating congestion in the weaving area caused by congestion on the exit ramps;

[0025] Step 4: Dynamically dividing the functions of lanes in the weaving area includes: isolating one or more lanes on the left side of the vehicle's travel direction from the upstream of the main line of the weaving area to the downstream of the main line as non-weaving lanes, restricting the lane function to straight travel, and only allowing non-weaving vehicles on the main line of the expressway to travel; in the weaving area, the remaining lanes are weaving lanes, and the lane functions are not restricted, allowing all traffic flows to travel;

[0026] Step 5: According to different values ​​of the real-time weaving flow ratio QR, the total number of lanes N in the weaving area is divided and isolated into a non-weaving lane part where weaving behavior is not allowed and a weaving lane part where weaving behavior is allowed, with the number of lanes Nnw and Nw respectively. The number of lanes in each part is adjusted to maximize the total traffic capacity of the weaving area.

[0027] The disadvantages of this prior art are:

[0028] 1. This solution uses signals to control vehicle lane changes. Signal control may cause traffic flow interruption, especially during peak hours. Vehicles may need to wait for multiple signal cycles, which increases travel time and delays. The situation of gaming vehicles during lane changes has not improved.

[0029] 2. The traffic flow monitoring equipment used in this solution is deployed on the main line and upstream of the ramp in the weaving area. The cost of investing in the equipment is high and it is relatively slow compared to drone monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0030] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a method for controlling and evaluating the weaving area of ​​an urban expressway that reduces the negotiation time, so as to solve the problem that existing expressways lack clear weaving area lane changing rules and management strategies, resulting in vehicles being unable to pass in a timely manner.

[0031] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0032] A method for controlling and evaluating an urban expressway interweaving area for reducing game time comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1. Use drones to collect traffic data of the expressway weaving area and obtain geometric design parameters of the expressway weaving area;

[0034] S2. Obtaining vehicle game information in the expressway interweaving area according to the traffic data of the expressway interweaving area;

[0035] S3. Calculate the initial expressway weaving area capacity;

[0036] S4. Based on the vehicle game information of the expressway interweaving area, calculate the traffic flow of the game section and perform a significance test on the traffic flow;

[0037] S5. Formulate a control strategy for the expressway weaving area based on the geometric design parameters of the expressway weaving area and the results of the traffic flow significance test;

[0038] S6. Simulate the control strategy and, based on the initial expressway weaving area capacity, calculate the improved capacity of the entire expressway weaving area due to the reduction in vehicle negotiation time.

[0039] Furthermore, the geometric design parameters of the expressway weaving area in step S1 include: the number of main line lanes N, the number of ramps R, the number of auxiliary lanes A, the length of the weaving area E d and lane width W.

[0040] Furthermore, the vehicle game information in the expressway interweaving area in step S2 includes:

[0041] Game Section S n , game section S n Number of vehicles changing lanes from the main lane to the auxiliary lane C EAn , and the number of vehicles changing lanes from the auxiliary lane to the main lane C Aen ;

[0042] Among them, the game section S n Refers to the starting point to the ending point of the game vehicle changing lanes from the auxiliary road to the main line or from the main line to the auxiliary road.

[0043] Further, step S4 includes the following steps:

[0044] S4.1. Calculate the game segment S n Traffic flow from the main road to the auxiliary road Q EAn , and the traffic flow Q from the auxiliary lane to the main lane Aen :

[0045] Traffic flow Q EAn = Number of vehicles changing lanes C EAn / Collection information time traffic flow Q Aen = Number of vehicles changing lanes C Aen / Information collection time

[0046] S4.2, using the independent sample t-test method to test the game section S n The traffic flow Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn Conduct significance test.

[0047] Furthermore, the significance test in step S4.2 includes:

[0048] SPSS statistical analysis software was used to perform a t test: when the significant P value was greater than 0.05, the traffic flow Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn There is no significant difference between them; when the significant P value is less than 0.05, the traffic flow Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn There are significant differences between them.

[0049] Furthermore, the control strategy for the interweaving area of ​​S5 Expressway includes:

[0050] Rule 1: When the number of main lanes on the expressway is N>=2, vehicles traveling only on the main lane shall use main lane 3 first, followed by main lane 2;

[0051] Rule 2: When the traffic volume Q of the game section Sn EAn and traffic flow Q AEn If there is no significant difference after t-test, the vehicles will pass alternately;

[0052] Rule 3: When the traffic volume of the game section Sn is Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn When there is a significant difference in the t-test, the following rules are implemented:

[0053] If the traffic volume Q EAn Greater than traffic flow Q AEn , vehicles that change lanes from the main line to the auxiliary road in the game section Sn have priority;

[0054] If the traffic volume Q Ean Less than traffic flow Q AEn Vehicles that change lanes from the auxiliary lane to the main lane in the game section Sn have priority.

[0055] Further, step S6 includes:

[0056] Input the network information of the expressway weaving area into netedit, generate vehicle information by python, and calculate the capacity F of the expressway weaving area in SUMO simulation P, and based on the initial expressway weaving area capacity F, calculate the increased capacity F of the entire expressway weaving area due to the reduction of vehicle game time S :

[0057] F S =FF P .

[0058] The urban expressway interweaving area control and evaluation method for reducing game time provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] 1. The present invention formulates vehicle lane changing rules for three situations: when the number of lanes on the main line of the expressway is greater than or equal to 2, whether the traffic flow of the game section has changed significantly, and when the traffic flow of the main and auxiliary roads is compared. The vehicle allocation rules formulated by the present invention can realize dynamic strategy management of vehicle games under different situations, thereby reducing vehicle game time and improving road traffic capacity.

[0060] 2. The present invention can flexibly handle vehicle game problems under different conditions through the three rules formulated, namely, the control method of the expressway weaving area, reduce the vehicle game time in the expressway weaving area, and improve the road's traffic capacity. In addition, the present invention is applicable to a variety of expressway weaving areas, and can flexibly adopt vehicle driving rules according to different expressway weaving areas. At the same time, the present invention uses drones to collect data on expressway weaving areas, which can reduce equipment costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the urban expressway weaving area control and evaluation method for reducing the game time.

[0062] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the expressway interweaving area of ​​the present invention.

[0063] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the game section of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a vehicle traveling on a main line according to the present invention.

[0065] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of alternate traffic of vehicles according to the present invention.

[0066] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main line lane-changing vehicle going first according to the present invention.

[0067] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle going first when changing lanes in the auxiliary lane according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] This embodiment provides a method for controlling and evaluating the interweaving area of ​​an urban expressway that reduces the game time. This embodiment can formulate corresponding lane change rules for different interweaving areas of expressways, which can effectively manage traffic flow, reduce congestion, reduce unnecessary lane changes and optimize lane use, as well as reduce traffic jams and delays, and improve the road's traffic capacity. Figure 1 , which specifically includes the following steps:

[0071] Step S1: using a drone to collect traffic data of the expressway weaving area and obtain geometric design parameters of the expressway weaving area;

[0072] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 , using drones to collect multiple sets of traffic data from a certain expressway weaving area, and obtain the geometric design parameters of the expressway weaving area: the number of main line lanes N, the number of ramps R, the number of auxiliary lanes A, the length of the weaving area E d (unit: m), lane width W (unit: m).

[0073] Step S2, obtaining vehicle game information of the expressway interweaving area according to the traffic data of the expressway interweaving area;

[0074] refer to Figure 3 , the vehicle game information in the expressway weaving area includes:

[0075] Game Section S n , game section S n Number of vehicles changing lanes from the main lane to the auxiliary lane C EAn , and the number of vehicles changing lanes from the auxiliary lane to the main lane C Aen ;

[0076] Among them, the game section S n Refers to the starting point to the ending point of the game vehicle changing lanes from the auxiliary road to the main road (Expressway) or the main road to the auxiliary road (Auxiliary road).

[0077] Step S3, calculating the initial expressway weaving area capacity;

[0078] This embodiment defines the road capacity F for one hour (unit: veh·h －1 ) and calculate the initial expressway weaving area capacity F.

[0079] Step S4, based on the vehicle game information of the expressway interweaving area, calculate the traffic flow of the game section, and perform a significance test on the traffic flow, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0080] Step S4.1, calculate the game segment S n Traffic flow from the main road to the auxiliary road Q EAn , and the traffic flow Q from the auxiliary lane to the main lane Aen :

[0081] Traffic flow Q EAn = Number of vehicles changing lanes C EAn / Collection information time traffic flow Q Aen = Number of vehicles changing lanes C Aen / Information collection time

[0082] Step S4.2: Use independent sample t-test method to test the game segment S n The traffic flow Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn Conduct significance test.

[0083] Significance tests include:

[0084] SPSS statistical analysis software was used to perform a t test: when the significant P value was greater than 0.05, the traffic flow Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn There is no significant difference between them; when the significant P value is less than 0.05, the traffic flow Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn There are significant differences between them.

[0085] Step S5: formulate a control strategy for the expressway weaving area based on the geometric design parameters of the expressway weaving area and the traffic flow significance test results, which specifically includes the following contents:

[0086] Rule 1. Reference Figure 4 , when the number of main lanes of the expressway N>=2, vehicles traveling only on the main line will use main lane 3 first, followed by main lane 2;

[0087] Rule 2: Reference Figure 5 , when the traffic flow Q of the game section Sn EAn and traffic flow Q AEn If there is no significant difference after t-test, the vehicles will pass alternately;

[0088] Rule 3: When the traffic volume of the game section Sn is Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn When there is a significant difference in the t-test, the following rules are implemented:

[0089] refer to Figure 6 , if the traffic volume Q EAn Greater than traffic flow Q AEn , vehicles that change lanes from the main line to the auxiliary road in the game section Sn have priority;

[0090] refer to Figure 7 , if the traffic volume Q Ean Less than traffic flow Q AEn Vehicles that change lanes from the auxiliary lane to the main lane in the game section Sn have priority.

[0091] Step S6: simulation analysis and evaluation of the control strategy in step S5, which specifically includes the following contents:

[0092] Simulate the control strategy and, based on the initial expressway weaving area capacity, calculate the increased capacity of the entire expressway weaving area due to the reduction in vehicle negotiation time;

[0093] Specifically, this embodiment uses SUMO and Python to complete the entire simulation process, inputs the network information of the expressway weaving area into netedit, generates vehicle information by Python, and calculates the traffic capacity F of the expressway weaving area in the SUMO simulation. P , and based on the initial expressway weaving area capacity F, calculate the increased capacity F of the entire expressway weaving area due to the reduction of vehicle game time S :

[0094] F S =FF P .

[0095] This embodiment can improve the traffic capacity F of the entire expressway weaving area due to the reduction of vehicle game time. S Conduct an evaluation of control strategies.

[0096] The present invention formulates three rules, namely the control method of the expressway weaving area, which flexibly handles the vehicle game problem under different conditions, reduces the vehicle game time in the expressway weaving area, and improves the road's traffic capacity; in addition, the invention is applicable to a variety of expressway weaving areas, and can flexibly adopt vehicle driving rules according to different expressway weaving areas; at the same time, the present invention uses drones to collect expressway weaving area data, which can reduce equipment costs.

[0097] Although the specific implementation of the invention is described in detail in conjunction with the drawings, it should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A method for controlling and evaluating the interweaving area of ​​an urban expressway for reducing the game time, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Use drones to collect traffic data of the expressway weaving area and obtain geometric design parameters of the expressway weaving area; S2. Obtaining vehicle game information in the expressway interweaving area according to the traffic data of the expressway interweaving area; S3. Calculate the initial expressway weaving area capacity; S4. Based on the vehicle game information of the expressway interweaving area, calculate the traffic flow of the game section and perform a significance test on the traffic flow; S5. Formulate a control strategy for the expressway weaving area based on the geometric design parameters of the expressway weaving area and the results of the traffic flow significance test; S6. Simulating the control strategy, and based on the initial expressway weaving area capacity, calculating the improved capacity of the entire expressway weaving area due to the reduction of vehicle game time; The vehicle game information in the expressway interweaving area in step S2 includes: In the game section S n Number of vehicles changing lanes from the main lane to the auxiliary lane C EAn , and the number of vehicles changing lanes from the auxiliary lane to the main lane C Aen ; Among them, the game section S n Refers to the starting point to the ending point of the game vehicle changing from the auxiliary lane to the main line or from the main line to the auxiliary lane; The step S4 comprises the following steps: S4.

1. Calculate the game segment S n Traffic flow from the main road to the auxiliary road Q EAn , and the traffic flow Q from the auxiliary lane to the main lane Aen : Traffic flow Q EAn = Number of vehicles changing lanes C EAn / Information collection time Traffic flow Q Aen = Number of vehicles changing lanes C Aen / Information collection time S4.2, using the independent sample t-test method to test the game section S n The traffic flow Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn Conduct significance tests; The significance test in step S4.2 includes: SPSS statistical analysis software was used to perform a t test: when the significant P value was greater than 0.05, the traffic flow Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn There is no significant difference between them; when the significant P value is less than 0.05, the traffic flow Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn There are significant differences between The control strategy of the expressway interweaving area in S5 includes: Rule 1: When the number of main lanes on the expressway is N>=2, vehicles traveling only on the main line shall use main lane 3 first, followed by main lane 2; Rule 2: When the traffic volume Q of the game section Sn EAn and traffic flow Q AEn If there is no significant difference after t-test, the vehicles will pass alternately; Rule 3: When the traffic volume of the game section Sn is Q EAn and traffic flow Q AEn When there is a significant difference in the t-test, the following rules are implemented: If the traffic volume Q EAn Greater than traffic flow Q AEn , vehicles that change lanes from the main line to the auxiliary road in the game section Sn have priority; If the traffic volume Q Ean Less than traffic flow Q AEn , vehicles that change lanes from the auxiliary lane to the main lane in the game section Sn have priority; The step S6 comprises: Input the network information of the expressway weaving area into netedit, generate vehicle information by python, and calculate the capacity F of the expressway weaving area in SUMO simulation P , and based on the initial expressway weaving area capacity F, calculate the increased capacity F of the entire expressway weaving area due to the reduction of vehicle game time S : F S = F - F P 。 2. The urban expressway interweaving area control and evaluation method for reducing game time according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The geometric design parameters of the expressway weaving area in step S1 include: the number of main lanes N, the number of ramps R, the number of auxiliary lanes A, the length of the weaving area E d and lane width W.

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