A method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building, the method comprising the following steps: S1. removing the original deteriorated brick eaves, and digging out a receiving groove into the exposed brick wall at the connection between the exposed brick wall and the original deteriorated brick eaves, and cleaning up the debris in the receiving groove, the debris including broken bricks, dry mortar powder, and cleaning the brick surface in the receiving groove; S2. implanting vertical steel bars at intervals in the receiving groove along the arrangement direction of the receiving groove, and the upper and lower ends of the vertical steel bars are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower walls of the receiving groove; S3. filling the bricks into the receiving groove from bottom to top, and making the newly formed brick eaves the same as the original shape of the deteriorated brick eaves, and the bricks and the bricks and the inner wall of the receiving groove are bonded by mixed mortar; S4. cleaning up the surface residues of the newly formed brick eaves. The present invention can effectively improve the connection strength between the repaired brick eaves and the exposed brick wall, thereby improving the safety and service life of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of historical building repair, and in particular to a repair method for cantilevered brick eaves of exposed brick walls on the facades of historical buildings. Background Art

[0002] The Yangshupu Industrial Zone, located on the Yangpu Riverside in Shanghai, is an important industrial base in modern China. However, due to disrepair, weathering, rain erosion, etc., the exposed brick walls on the facade have been damaged in many places, especially the cantilevered brick eaves structure of the exposed brick walls has been severely damaged, causing the original appearance of the historical buildings to be destroyed and urgently need to be repaired.

[0003] In the prior art, the repair method for the deteriorated brick eaves of the exterior walls of historical buildings is often to use a method of digging and masonry, that is, to remove the original deteriorated brick eaves and then use mixed mortar to rebuild them for repair. Although this method can restore the original style, it still has shortcomings:

[0004] (1) After the original deteriorated brick eaves are removed, a strip-shaped horizontal wall hole will be formed, and there will be no tooth joints on the inside of the hole. The new brick eaves bricks and the inside of the wall hole are only bonded to the new and old brick surfaces with mixed mortar, and the strength cannot be guaranteed.

[0005] (2) The brick eaves are cantilever structures, and their surfaces are vulnerable to typhoons, rain, harmful gases, water-soluble salts, and biological damage. If they are bonded only with mixed mortar, they are prone to falling off over time, posing a serious safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall on the facade of a historical building, which can effectively improve the connection strength between the brick eaves and the exposed brick wall after repair, which can not only improve the safety of the system, but also greatly increase the service life of the brick eaves after repair.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for repairing a cantilevered brick eave of a plain brick wall on the facade of a historical building, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. Remove the original deteriorated brick eaves, and dig out a groove into the bare brick wall at the junction of the bare brick wall and the original deteriorated brick eaves, and clean up the debris in the groove, including broken bricks, dry mortar powder, and clean the brick surface in the groove;

[0010] S2. Vertical steel bars are implanted in the receiving groove at intervals along the direction of arrangement of the receiving groove, and the upper and lower ends of the vertical steel bars are fixedly connected to the upper and lower walls of the receiving groove respectively;

[0011] S3. Fill the bricks into the receiving groove from bottom to top, and make the newly formed brick eaves have the same shape as the original shape of the deteriorated brick eaves, and the bricks and the bricks and the inner wall of the receiving groove are bonded by mixed mortar;

[0012] S4. Clean the residue on the surface of the newly formed brick eaves.

[0013] Furthermore, the spacing distance between the vertical steel bars does not exceed 500 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the upper and lower walls of the receiving groove where the vertical steel bars are implanted is not less than the thickness of two wall bricks.

[0015] Furthermore, vertical steel bars are provided at both left and right ends of the accommodating groove, the vertical steel bar at the leftmost end penetrates the first leftmost brick of each brick layer, and the vertical steel bar at the rightmost end penetrates the first rightmost brick of each brick layer.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, the method of filling the bricks into the receiving grooves in an alternating manner from bottom to top includes the following steps:

[0017] S31. Selecting bricks and setting the arrangement of the bricks according to the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eaves;

[0018] S32. Push the bottom bricks into the receiving groove according to the arrangement of the setting, and bond them to the inner lower wall and inner side wall of the receiving groove through the mixed mortar, and then fill the mixed mortar between the vertical steel bars and the bottom bricks, so that the vertical steel bars and the bottom bricks are tightly fixed;

[0019] S33. Push the upper layer of bricks into the receiving groove according to the set arrangement, and bond the layer of bricks to the upper surface of the adjacent lower layer of bricks and the inner wall of the receiving groove through mixed mortar, and then fill the space between the vertical steel bars and the layer of bricks with the mixed mortar so that the vertical steel bars are tightly fixed to the layer of bricks;

[0020] S34. Repeat step S33 until the second to last layer of bricks from bottom to top is laid;

[0021] S35. A grouting groove is opened on the upper surface of the topmost bricks, and then the topmost bricks are pushed into the receiving groove according to the set arrangement, and bonded to the inner upper wall and inner side wall of the receiving groove by means of mixed mortar, and then the mixed mortar is poured into the space between the vertical steel bars and the topmost bricks through the grouting groove to tightly fix the vertical steel bars to the topmost bricks, and then the upper surface of the topmost bricks is repaired.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S3, the brick penetrated by the vertical steel bars is provided with a receiving cavity corresponding to the position of the vertical steel bars, and a connecting groove is provided on the side of the receiving cavity close to the inner wall of the receiving groove, and the connecting groove vertically penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the brick, and the opening direction of the connecting groove is perpendicular to the wall, and the opening end of the connecting groove is located on the side where the brick contacts the inner wall of the receiving groove.

[0023] Furthermore, when the cross section of the brick layer along the notch direction of the accommodating groove is larger than that of a brick, the accommodating cavity is arranged on the brick in contact with the inner side wall of the accommodating groove.

[0024] Furthermore, when the cross-section of a brick layer along the direction of the notch of the receiving groove is larger than that of a brick, a mortise and tenon structure that cooperates with each other is provided between the bricks of the brick layer arranged along the direction of the notch of the receiving groove.

[0025] Further, when the cross-section of the brick layer along the notch direction of the accommodating groove is two bricks, a tenon is provided on the opposite side of the brick that contacts the inner side wall of the accommodating groove, and another brick adjacent to the brick is provided with a mortise corresponding to the tenon on the side adjacent to the brick.

[0026] Furthermore, the tenon is a dovetail structure.

[0027] Furthermore, when the bricks are connected by the mortise and tenon structure, the mortise and tenon structure connection is further fixed by pouring mixed mortar.

[0028] Based on the above technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: through the repair method of the exterior wall brick eaves of the present invention, it is possible to effectively solve the problem that the new and old brick surfaces are not firmly bonded by a single mixed mortar, and through the vertical steel bars and mortise and tenon structure combined with the mixed mortar, the connection between the new and old brick surfaces is made stronger, avoiding the situation where bricks fall off due to erosion and damage over time, especially avoiding the situation where the top layer of bricks are easily eroded, damaged and fall off, thereby preventing safety accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the exposed brick wall after the step S1 in the present invention is completed.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the exposed brick wall after the step S2 in the present invention is completed.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the exposed brick wall and brick eaves after the repair is completed in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the brick connection status of the third brick layer in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection status of the bricks in the uppermost brick layer in the first embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, in order to provide a clearer understanding of its structural type and usage, but this shall not be used to limit the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.

[0035] A method for repairing a cantilevered brick eave of a plain brick wall on the facade of a historical building, the method comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1. Remove the original deteriorated brick eaves, and dig out the receiving groove 2 into the clean brick wall 1 at the connection between the clean brick wall 1 and the original deteriorated brick eaves, and clean up the debris in the receiving groove 2, including broken bricks, dry mortar powder, etc., clean the brick surface in the receiving groove 2, and the state of the clean brick wall after step S1 is completed is as follows Figure 1 As shown;

[0037] S2. Vertical steel bars 3 are implanted in the receiving groove 2 along the arrangement direction of the receiving groove 2 at intervals. The upper and lower ends of the vertical steel bars 3 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower walls of the receiving groove 2 respectively. The installation position is set according to the brick module, but it must be ensured that the first and last vertical bricks of the newly installed brick eaves are tied with steel bars. The spacing of the vertical steel bars 3 tied in the middle of the brick eaves is not more than 500mm, and the vertical steel bars are ø6 steel bars. The ø6 steel bars penetrate into the upper and lower walls for no less than two layers of bricks each. The steel bars are fixed by planting steel bars. The fixing can be fixed by using steel bar glue. After step S2 is completed, the state of the plain brick wall is as follows: Figure 2 As shown;

[0038] S3. Fill the bricks into the receiving groove 2 from bottom to top, and make the newly formed brick eaves and the deteriorated brick eaves have the same original shape, and the bricks and the bricks and the inner wall of the receiving groove 2 are bonded by a mixed mortar 4;

[0039] The method of filling the bricks into the receiving groove 2 in an alternating manner from bottom to top includes the following steps:

[0040] S31. Selecting bricks and setting the arrangement of the bricks according to the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eaves;

[0041] S32. Push the bottom bricks into the receiving groove 2 according to the set arrangement, and bond them to the inner lower wall and inner side wall of the receiving groove 2 through the mixed mortar 4, and then fill the mixed mortar 4 between the vertical steel bars 3 and the bottom bricks, so that the vertical steel bars 3 and the bottom bricks are tightly fixed;

[0042] S33. Push the upper layer of bricks into the receiving groove 2 according to the set arrangement, and bond the bricks to the upper surface of the adjacent lower layer of bricks and the inner wall of the receiving groove 2 through the mixed mortar 4, and then fill the mixed mortar 4 between the vertical steel bars 3 and the bricks of the layer, so that the vertical steel bars 3 are tightly fixed to the bricks of the layer;

[0043] S34. Repeat step S33 until the second to last layer of bricks from bottom to top is laid;

[0044] S35. A grouting groove is opened on the upper surface of the topmost bricks, and then the topmost bricks are pushed into the receiving groove 2 according to the set arrangement, and bonded to the inner upper wall and inner side wall of the receiving groove 2 through the mixed mortar 4, and then the mixed mortar 4 is poured between the vertical steel bars 3 and the topmost bricks through the grouting groove to fill the vertical steel bars 3 and the topmost bricks, so that the vertical steel bars 3 are tightly fixed to the topmost bricks, and then the upper surface of the topmost bricks is repaired.

[0045] S4. Clean the newly formed brick eaves surface residue. The repair status after step S4 is completed is as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0046] Furthermore, in the step S3, the brick penetrated by the vertical steel bar 3 is provided with a receiving cavity 5 corresponding to the position of the vertical steel bar 3, and the receiving cavity 5 is provided with a connecting groove 6 on the side close to the inner wall of the receiving groove 2, and the connecting groove 6 vertically penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the brick, and the opening direction of the connecting groove 6 is perpendicular to the wall, and the opening end of the connecting groove 6 is located on the side where the brick contacts the inner wall of the receiving groove 2.

[0047] Furthermore, when the cross section of the brick layer along the notch direction of the accommodating groove 2 is larger than that of one brick, the accommodating cavity 5 is arranged on the brick in contact with the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2 .

[0048] Further, when the cross section of a brick layer along the direction of the groove opening of the receiving groove 2 is larger than that of a brick, a mortise and tenon structure that cooperates with each other is provided between the bricks of the brick layer arranged along the direction of the groove opening of the receiving groove 2.

[0049] Further, when the cross-section of the brick layer along the notch direction of the accommodating groove 2 is two bricks, a tenon 7 is provided on the opposite side of the brick that contacts the inner side wall of the accommodating groove 2, and a mortise 8 corresponding to the tenon 7 is provided on the side of another brick adjacent to the brick adjacent to the brick.

[0050] Furthermore, the tenon 7 is a dovetail structure.

[0051] Furthermore, when the bricks are connected by the mortise and tenon structure, the mortise and tenon structure connection is further fixed by pouring mixed mortar. Example 1

[0052] Take the example of a four-layer vertical brick eaves after repair, which are the top brick layer, the second brick layer, the third brick layer and the bottom brick layer from top to bottom. The shape of the brick eaves after repair is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, when restoring the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eaves, first, draw the arrangement of bricks and the shape of bricks according to the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eaves, and make corresponding bricks according to the drawings.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, when repairing the deteriorated brick eaves, vertical steel bars 3 are implanted in the receiving groove 2 formed by the plain brick wall 1 after removing the deteriorated brick eaves, wherein the transverse ends of the receiving groove 2 must be provided with vertical steel bars 3 to ensure that the first bricks at the left and right ends of each brick layer are tied with vertical steel bars 3, and then other vertical steel bars 3 are arranged according to the module of the bricks, and the spacing between each vertical steel bar 3 does not exceed 500mm, and the vertical steel bars 3 use ø6 steel bars;

[0054] Then lay the bottom brick layer, the bottom brick layer has only one brick in each row along the opening direction of the receiving groove 2, and the outer side of each brick is in an arc shape. The bottom brick layer and the inner lower wall of the receiving groove 2 and the inner side wall of the receiving groove 2 are tightly bonded by the mixed mortar 4. The bricks in the bottom brick layer penetrated by the vertical steel bars 3 are provided with an opening on the side adjacent to the inner side wall, so that the brick layer can be pushed into the receiving groove 2 without being blocked by the vertical steel bars 3 during laying, and the bricks in the bottom brick layer penetrated by the vertical steel bars 3 are provided with a receiving cavity 5. When these bricks are placed in place, the vertical steel bars 3 are respectively located in the receiving cavities 5 on these bricks. Then, the mixed mortar 4 is poured to fill the receiving cavity 5 and the opening, the vertical steel bars 3 are bonded and fixed to these bricks, and the upper surface of the bottom brick layer and the inner side wall of the receiving groove 2 are smoothed and cleaned.

[0055] Then, the third brick layer is laid. The third brick layer has two bricks in each row along the opening direction of the receiving groove 2, and is laid in a straight brick form. The brick connection form is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the inner bricks are laid first, and the inner bricks of the third brick layer and the upper surface of the lowest brick layer, and the inner bricks of the third brick layer and the inner wall of the receiving groove 2 are tightly bonded by mixing mortar 4. The inner bricks are provided with a receiving cavity 5 and an opening, and the positions and shapes of the receiving cavity 5 and the opening of the inner bricks correspond to the receiving cavity 5 and the opening of the lowest brick layer. The outer side of the inner brick is provided with a tenon 7, and the outer brick is connected to the inner brick after the tenon 8 cooperates with the tenon 7, and is bonded to the upper surface of the lowest brick layer by mixing mortar 4. The gap between the tenon 7 and the mortise 8, the receiving cavity 5 and the opening are filled by pouring the mixed mortar 4, and the upper surface of the third brick layer and the inner wall of the receiving groove 2 are smoothed and cleaned;

[0056] Then lay the second layer of bricks, with only one brick in each row in the direction of the opening of the receiving groove 2 of the second layer of bricks, and lay them in the form of diagonal bricks, and make the upper surface of the second layer of bricks and the third layer of bricks, and the second layer of bricks and the inner wall of the receiving groove 2 tightly bonded by the mixed mortar 4, and the bricks in the second layer of bricks penetrated by the vertical steel bars 3 are provided with a receiving cavity 5 and an opening, and the position and shape of the receiving cavity 5 and the opening of the second layer of bricks correspond to the receiving cavity 5 and the opening of the third layer of bricks, and then pour the mixed mortar 4 to fill the receiving cavity 5 and the opening, bond and fix the vertical steel bars 3 to these bricks, and smooth and clean the upper surface of the second layer of bricks and the inner wall of the receiving groove 2;

[0057] Finally, the top brick layer is laid. The top brick layer has two bricks in each row along the opening direction of the receiving groove 2. The brick connection form is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the inner bricks are laid first, and the inner bricks of the uppermost brick layer and the upper surface of the second brick layer, and the inner bricks of the uppermost brick layer and the inner wall of the receiving groove 2 are tightly bonded by mixing mortar 4. The inner bricks are provided with a receiving cavity 5 and an opening. The position and shape of the receiving cavity 5 and the opening of the inner bricks correspond to the receiving cavity 5 and the opening of the second brick layer. The outer side of the inner brick is provided with a tenon 7. The outer brick is connected to the inner brick after the tenon 8 cooperates with the tenon 7, and is bonded to the upper surface of the second brick layer by mixing mortar 4. The outer side of the outer brick is an arc surface. A grouting groove is pre-opened on the upper surface of the inner brick. The mixed mortar 4 is poured through the grouting groove to fill the gap between the tenon 7 and the mortise 8, the receiving cavity 5 and the opening, and the exposed upper surface of the uppermost brick layer is smoothed and cleaned.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Remove the original deteriorated brick eaves, and dig out a groove into the bare brick wall at the junction of the bare brick wall and the original deteriorated brick eaves, and clean up the debris in the groove, including broken bricks, dry mortar powder, and clean the brick surface in the groove; S2. Vertical steel bars are implanted in the receiving groove at intervals along the direction of arrangement of the receiving groove, and the upper and lower ends of the vertical steel bars are fixedly connected to the upper and lower walls of the receiving groove respectively; S3. Fill the bricks into the receiving groove from bottom to top, and make the newly formed brick eaves have the same shape as the original shape of the deteriorated brick eaves. The bricks and the bricks and the inner wall of the receiving groove are bonded by mixed mortar. The bricks penetrated by the vertical steel bars are provided with a receiving cavity corresponding to the position of the vertical steel bars. The side of the receiving cavity close to the inner wall of the receiving groove is provided with a connecting groove. The connecting groove vertically penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the brick. The opening direction of the connecting groove is perpendicular to the wall surface. The opening end of the connecting groove is located on the side where the brick contacts the inner wall of the receiving groove. S4. Clean the residue on the surface of the newly formed brick eaves.

2. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the vertical steel bars shall not exceed 500mm.

3. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the upper and lower walls of the accommodating groove where the vertical steel bars are implanted is not less than the thickness of two wall bricks.

4. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: Vertical steel bars are arranged at both left and right ends of the accommodating groove. The vertical steel bar at the leftmost end penetrates the first leftmost brick of each brick layer, and the vertical steel bar at the rightmost end penetrates the first rightmost brick of each brick layer.

5. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the method of filling the bricks into the receiving grooves in an alternating manner from bottom to top includes the following steps: S31. Selecting bricks and setting the arrangement of the bricks according to the original appearance of the deteriorated brick eaves; S32. Push the bottom bricks into the receiving groove according to the arrangement of the setting, and bond them to the inner lower wall and inner side wall of the receiving groove through the mixed mortar, and then fill the mixed mortar between the vertical steel bars and the bottom bricks, so that the vertical steel bars and the bottom bricks are tightly fixed; S33. Push the upper layer of bricks into the receiving groove according to the set arrangement, and bond the layer of bricks to the upper surface of the adjacent lower layer of bricks and the inner wall of the receiving groove through mixed mortar, and then fill the space between the vertical steel bars and the layer of bricks with the mixed mortar so that the vertical steel bars are tightly fixed to the layer of bricks; S34. Repeat step S33 until the second to last layer of bricks from bottom to top is laid; S35. A grouting groove is opened on the upper surface of the topmost bricks, and then the topmost bricks are pushed into the receiving groove according to the set arrangement, and bonded to the inner upper wall and inner side wall of the receiving groove by means of mixed mortar, and then the mixed mortar is poured into the space between the vertical steel bars and the topmost bricks through the grouting groove to tightly fix the vertical steel bars to the topmost bricks, and then the upper surface of the topmost bricks is repaired.

6. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the cross section of the brick layer along the notch direction of the accommodating groove is larger than that of one brick, the accommodating cavity is arranged on the brick in contact with the inner side wall of the accommodating groove.

7. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the cross section of the brick layer along the direction of the notch of the receiving groove is larger than that of one brick, the bricks of the brick layer arranged along the direction of the notch of the receiving groove are provided with mortise and tenon structures that match each other.

8. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the cross-section of the brick layer along the notch direction of the accommodating groove consists of two bricks, a tenon is provided on the opposite side of the brick that contacts the inner side wall of the accommodating groove, and a mortise corresponding to the tenon is provided on the side adjacent to the brick of another brick adjacent to the brick.

9. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tenon is a dovetail structure.

10. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the uppermost brick layer along the notch direction of the receiving groove is larger than that of one brick.

11. The method for repairing the cantilevered brick eaves of the exposed brick wall of the facade of a historical building according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the bricks are connected by the mortise and tenon structure, the mortise and tenon joints are further fixed by pouring mixed mortar.

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