A bee-luring composition for apes mellifera and use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a honeybee attracting composition of Apis cerana and application thereof, and the honeybee attracting composition of Apis cerana comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 0.1-1 parts of queen pheromone of worker bees, 0.1-1 parts of body surface hydrocarbon compounds of worker bees, 0-1 parts of honeycomb extract, and 0-1 parts of extract of a flower spike of a lily. The application finds the principle of attracting swarm bees by lily and simulating swarm pheromone of Apis cerana, and completely analyzes the whole composition of the swarm pheromone of Apis cerana for the first time, and simulates the swarm pheromone of Apis cerana completely by artificial synthesis. It is proved by experiments that the synthesized honeybee attracting composition of Apis cerana has higher activity of attracting swarm bees than that of extracting natural pheromone.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of Apis cerana trapping and breeding, and particularly relates to an Apis cerana trapping composition and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Apis cerana (commonly known as soil bees) is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of Central Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia, providing a strong pollination ecological function for the regional ecosystem and ensuring the diversity of most seed plants. At the same time, it also provides high-value pollination ecological services for agricultural and forestry production. However, under the pressure of predation and local pest selection, Apis cerana has strong habits of splitting and escaping to maintain the population, and the frequent splitting and escaping behavior greatly limits the scale of artificial breeding. With the frequent occurrence of pesticide abuse and colony collapse disorder (CCD) in Apis cerana, there is an urgent need to protect and cultivate more Apis cerana populations. Among the current methods for breeding Apis cerana, the operation of replacing the queen in the live frame Apis cerana colony is more likely to cause the bees to escape, and the efficiency of artificial breeding of Apis cerana is limited, which requires more labor input. Random splitting and escaping of bees cause high losses to bee farmers or more labor for recovering the bee colonies.

[0003] In order to reduce the operation disturbance to the bee colony and harvest high-value local specialty honey, bee farmers often use the "local method" to breed Apis cerana. Without a live frame, artificial splitting of the colony is also time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in low reproductive efficiency of the artificially bred Apis cerana colony. In the local method of beekeeping, the efficiency of re-catching the new bee colony formed by natural splitting is also low. Under the guidance of the results and theories of western honeybee research, in order to attract bees, people usually use "bee trapping water", "queen bee pheromone" and the like to attract the split bees into the artificially set empty bee barrels. However, in all current bee trapping techniques, the trapping efficiency is often not as direct as the bee barrel that has already entered the bees. The reason is that the "bee trapping water" smell is often the natural source of honey essence smell, or the water-soluble components after the wax of the honeycomb is taken, which is more likely to attract foraging bees under the attraction of water-soluble honey stimulants and honey smell, and it is not easy for scouts to associate the "bee trapping water" smell with the beehive to help find the nest; many bee farmers will heat and smear the bee wax on the bee trapping device for trapping, which has a certain effect, but the rough extract of the honeycomb obtained by water boiling of the wax often contains components that repel bees, seriously affecting the stability of the wax trapping efficiency, the production cost is high, and the efficiency is low; the "queen bee pheromone" is often derived from the natural extract of eliminated queen bees, and the content is insufficient after dilution, which often has low attraction efficiency. In addition, scouts are looking for unoccupied beehives, and the presence of queen bee pheromone will make the scouts think that the beehive has been occupied, and they will not choose the trapping box, reducing the trapping efficiency.

[0004] In view of this, the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide an Apis cerana attractant composition and its application, which can effectively attract the swarming and escaping bees of each subspecies of Apis cerana, reduce the loss of swarming and escaping bees by trapping the bees, realize natural transfer and swarming of the bees, greatly save the efficiency of ecological beekeeping, and protect and promote the development of its ecological service function.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present application, the following technical scheme is adopted:

[0007] The present application provides an Apis cerana attractant composition, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0008] 0.1-1 parts of worker bee's nasonal pheromone, 0.1-1 parts of worker bee's body surface hydrocarbon compound, 0-1 parts of honeycomb extract, and 0-1 parts of Cymbidium flower spike extract.

[0009] The present application shows that the scout bees release special swarming aggregation pheromones to mark the location of the new nest cavity during the swarming process of Apis cerana, and when a large number of scout bees find a new nest site, the smell of the whole bee colony has a significant attractive effect on other bees that join the nest. In addition, the present inventors have found that the Cymbidium flower spike distributed in Southeast Asia has a large amount of flowers, but does not secrete nectar, and can deceive the worker bees for pollination. After research, it is confirmed that the Cymbidium flower attracts swarming bees and escaping bees, and the key component has the same chemical composition as the swarming pheromone of the bees. Artificial extraction and synthesis of this pheromone can attract scout bees during the swarming and escaping of Apis cerana, and even attract the whole swarming and escaping bee colony. During use, the probability of the scout bees discovering the trap can be increased, the speed of the swarming bees entering the attractant device can be accelerated, the success rate of attracting swarming bees in the wild can be increased, the number of bee colonies for beekeeping can be increased, the efficiency of beekeeping can be increased, and the ecological service function development is protected and promoted. Therefore, the present inventors have synthesized an Apis cerana attractant composition through years of research and analysis, which is used for attracting swarming bees and escaping bees of wild Apis cerana. The present application aims at the behavior of swarming bees and escaping bees, which is essentially different from the attractant "honey sugar attractant water" for attracting foraging bees.

[0010] Preferably, the worker bee's nasonal pheromone is S-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid and / or trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid.

[0011] In the present application, the S-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid can use a mixture containing the R configuration to reduce the difficulty of raw material source, but the proportion of S configuration is 50%-100%, and the amount of the mixture is calculated based on the mass of S configuration.

[0012] Preferably, the hydrocarbon compounds on the body of the worker bee are at least one selected from the group consisting of cis-9-tricosene, cis-9-pentacosene, cis-9-heptacosene, cis-9-nonacosene, cis-9-hendecosene, tricosane, pentacosane, heptacosane, nonacosane and hendecosane.

[0013] Preferably, the honeycomb extract is derived from beeswax and live worker bees.

[0014] Preferably, the honeycomb extract is prepared by the following method:

[0015] A bee colony with about 3000 worker bees is killed by carbon dioxide, and in the present application, the amount of beeswax and worker bees corresponds to the number of worker bees and the amount of beeswax in the intact honeycomb. The beeswax and worker bees are frozen and crushed, then placed in ethyl acetate for extraction, filtered, dried, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent to form a paste, then weakly polar solvent and strongly polar solvent are added for separation, the strongly polar solvent layer is taken and concentrated to remove the solvent, then dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with salt water, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, to obtain a crude pheromone with acidic components as the main component, recorded as the first crude pheromone; at the same time, the weakly polar solvent layer is taken and concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, hydrolyzed with strong base to remove esters, and the hydrolysis liquid is extracted with weakly polar solvent to obtain hydrocarbons, washed with strongly polar solvent to remove hydrolysis products, then washed with salt water, dried, and distilled under reduced pressure to remove the solvent to obtain a crude hydrocarbon pheromone, recorded as the second crude pheromone, and finally, the first crude pheromone and the second crude pheromone are combined to obtain the honeycomb extract.

[0016] Preferably, the weakly polar solvent is any one selected from the group consisting of n-hexane, pentane and petroleum ether, and the strongly polar solvent is any one selected from the group consisting of ethanol, methanol and acetone.

[0017] Preferably, the orchid inflorescence extract is prepared by the following method:

[0018] The orchid inflorescence is frozen and crushed in liquid nitrogen, then placed in ethyl acetate for extraction, washed with salt water, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, to obtain the orchid inflorescence extract.

[0019] Preferably, the attractant composition of Apis cerana includes the following raw material components by weight:

[0020] 3-hydroxy-octanoic acid 1 part, trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid 0.35 part, cis-9-tricosene 0.1 part, cis-9-pentacosene 1 part, cis-9-heptacosene 1 part, cis-9-nonacosene 1 part, cis-9-hendocosene 0.6 part, tricosane 0.23 part, pentacosane 0.25 part, heptacosane 0.50 part, nonacosane 1.0 part, hentriacontane 0.2 part, honeycomb extract 1 part and anthocephalus chinensis flower spike extract 1 part.

[0021] The second aspect of the present application provides a use of the above-mentioned Apis cerana L. trapping composition in attracting Apis cerana L.

[0022] In the present application, the components of the Apis cerana L. trapping composition can be used together or separately. When used together, the method for attracting Apis cerana L. comprises the following steps:

[0023] The above-mentioned Apis cerana L. trapping composition is placed on a slow-release lure core substrate, and the slow-release lure core substrate is placed above the entrance of the trapping box nest.

[0024] Alternatively, the above-mentioned Apis cerana L. trapping composition is mixed with adjuvants to process a smearing agent, which is smeared on the entrance of the trapping box nest, and the adjuvants are selected from at least one of silicon grease, saturated oil, honey and glycerol.

[0025] Alternatively, the above-mentioned Apis cerana L. trapping composition is mixed with organic solvents to process a spray, which is sprayed on the entrance of the trapping box nest.

[0026] When used separately, the four types of Apis mellifera maxillary gland pheromone, alkanes in Apis mellifera cuticular hydrocarbons, honeycomb extract and anthocephalus chinensis flower spike extract can be mixed together for long-distance induction, and alkenes in Apis mellifera cuticular hydrocarbons are used alone. Each type of pheromone is dissolved in a medium-polarity solvent, including ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and isoamyl acetate, and the amount is 10-200 times the weight of the maxillary gland pheromone. When used, 0.2-1.0 mL of the Apis mellifera maxillary gland pheromone, alkanes in Apis mellifera cuticular hydrocarbons, honeycomb extract and anthocephalus chinensis flower spike extract is sprayed within a range of 10-30 cm outside and inside the entire trapping box; 0.2-1.0 mL of alkenes in Apis mellifera cuticular hydrocarbons is sprayed within a range of 1-10 cm from the entrance of the nest; and the bees can be attracted after air drying to remove the solvent odor. When the attraction efficiency is reduced, the spraying amount can be appropriately increased.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The application finds the principle of attracting swarm bees of the multipleflower orchid by imitating swarm pheromone of the Apis cerana, and completely analyzes the whole composition of the swarm pheromone of the Apis cerana for the first time, and completely artificially synthesizes the imitation, and the test proves that the synthetic swarm pheromone of the Apis cerana has higher activity of attracting swarm bees than the extracted natural pheromone.

[0029] The application is simple to operate, can efficiently capture and recover natural swarm bees and escape bees of the Apis cerana, reduces the risk of colony loss in the process of breeding the Apis cerana, and improves the ecological beekeeping efficiency. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions of the application will be described in detail below with examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the application, and therefore only serve as examples, but cannot limit the protection scope of the application.

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present application should be the usual meanings understood by the skilled in the art to which the application belongs.

[0032] The raw materials used in the following examples are as follows:

[0033] The honeycomb extract is prepared by the following method:

[0034] The beeswax and worker bees are frozen and crushed, and then placed in ethyl acetate for extraction for 30 min. After removing the solvent by concentration under reduced pressure to form a paste, an equivalent volume of n-hexane and ethanol is added for separation. The ethanol solvent layer is taken and concentrated to remove the solvent, and then dissolved in ethyl acetate. After washing with salt water and drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, the crude pheromone mainly containing acidic components is obtained, which is recorded as the first crude pheromone. At the same time, the n-hexane solvent layer is concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and then hydrolyzed with 0.5M sodium hydroxide to remove esters. The hydrolysis solution is extracted with n-hexane solvent, washed with ethanol to remove the hydrolysis product, washed with salt water, dried, and distilled under reduced pressure to remove the solvent to obtain the crude hydrocarbon pheromone, which is recorded as the second crude pheromone. Finally, the first crude pheromone and the second crude pheromone are combined to obtain the honeycomb extract.

[0035] The multipleflower orchid inflorescence extract is prepared by the following method:

[0036] The whole inflorescence is frozen and crushed into powder with liquid nitrogen, and then extracted with ethyl acetate for 30 min. After washing with salt water and drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent is removed by concentration under reduced pressure to obtain the multipleflower orchid inflorescence extract.

[0037] The purity of each compound is > 95%, and the purity of the olefin cis-trans isomer is > 99%.

[0038] The content of S-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid in the racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid is 50%.

[0039] After the bees are induced in the following bee induction experiment of the present application, the bee colony is transferred, and the original induction box is continuously used for inducing bees.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] The present example is an Apis cerana induction composition, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0042] 1 part of racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid, 0.35 parts of trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid, 0.05 parts of cis-9-tricosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-pentacosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-heptacosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-nonacosene, 0.3 parts of cis-9-hendocosene, 0.23 parts of tricosane, 0.25 parts of pentacosane, 0.50 parts of heptacosane, 1.0 parts of nonacosane, 0.2 parts of hentriacontane, 0.05 parts of honeycomb extract, and 0.1 parts of multi-flower inflorescence extract.

[0043] The method for inducing Apis cerana using the above-mentioned Apis cerana induction composition, which comprises the following steps:

[0044] The above-mentioned Apis cerana induction composition is mixed with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;

[0045] The mixed solution containing 30 mg of the Apis cerana induction composition is dropped on a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and after the solvent is volatilized, a lure core is obtained.

[0046] The empty beehive is placed in a sunny, dry, and open place, and before use, the hands are washed clean without sticking to oil and smoke odor, and a rubber glove is worn, and the lure core is fixed at the nest door of the lure box.

[0047] The induction results: using 30 of the above-mentioned lure cores, under the condition of recycling use, 100 beehives are treated, and in a spring swarming season, 93 bee colonies are finally induced, among which 30 swarming events are observed, and 29 colonies are captured by the capture device.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] The present example is an Apis cerana induction composition, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0050] Racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid 1 part, trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid 0.35 part, cis-9-tricosene 0.05 part, cis-9-pentacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-heptacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-nonacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-hendocosene 0.3 part, tricosane 0.23 part, pentacosane 0.25 part, heptacosane 0.50 part, nonacosane 1.0 part, hentriacontane 0.2 part, and a flower extract of a largeflowered orchid 0.1 part.

[0051] A method for attracting Apis cerana cerana using the above-mentioned attracting composition for Apis cerana cerana, the method comprising the following steps:

[0052] Mixing the above-mentioned attracting composition for Apis cerana cerana with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate until completely dissolved to obtain a mixture;

[0053] Dropping the mixture containing 30 mg of the attracting composition for Apis cerana cerana on a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and obtaining an attractant after volatilizing the solvent;

[0054] Selecting a place and season with a large number of swarming bees, using a beehive where bees have already lived, cleaning the empty beehive to remove odors, ants, spider silk and smearing beeswax, making it suitable for bees to live. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry and open place, wash your hands before use, do not stick to oil and smoke odors, put on rubber gloves, and fix the attractant at the entrance of the beehive.

[0055] Attracting results: using 10 of the above-mentioned attractants, recycling and using, treating 30 beehives, and counting a spring swarming season, finally attracting 33 swarming bees, among which 13 swarming events were observed, and 13 swarming bees were captured by the trapping device.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The present embodiment is an attracting composition for Apis cerana cerana, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0058] Racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid 1 part, trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid 0.35 part, cis-9-tricosene 0.05 part, cis-9-pentacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-heptacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-nonacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-hendocosene 0.3 part, tricosane 0.23 part, pentacosane 0.25 part, heptacosane 0.50 part, nonacosane 1.0 part, hentriacontane 0.2 part.

[0059] A method for attracting Apis cerana cerana using the above-mentioned attracting composition for Apis cerana cerana, the method comprising the following steps:

[0060] The above-mentioned Apis cerana nuda attracting composition is mixed with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;

[0061] The mixed solution containing 30 mg of the Apis cerana nuda attracting composition is added dropwise on a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and after the solvent is volatilized, an attractant core is obtained;

[0062] In the place and season where a large number of bees are divided, an empty beehive that has been inhabited by bees is cleaned to remove odors, ants, spider silk, and smeared beeswax, making it suitable for bees to live. The empty beehive is placed in a sunny, dry, and open place, and before use, the hands are washed clean without sticking to oil and smoke odors, and a rubber glove is worn. The attractant core is fixed at the entrance of the attractant core.

[0063] The results of the attraction: a total of 10 of the above-mentioned attractant cores were used, and under the condition of recycling use, 30 beehives were treated, and in a spring season of dividing bees, 35 bee colonies were finally attracted, among which 17 dividing bee events were observed, and 17 colonies were captured by the trapping device.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] The present embodiment is an Apis cerana nuda attracting composition, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0066] 1 part of racemic (S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid, 0.7 parts of trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid, 0.05 parts of cis-9-tricosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-pentacosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-heptacosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-nonacosene, 0.3 parts of cis-9-hendocosene, 0.23 parts of tricosane, 0.25 parts of pentacosane, 0.50 parts of heptacosane, 1.0 parts of nonacosane, and 0.2 parts of hentriacontane.

[0067] The method for attracting Apis cerana nuda using the above-mentioned Apis cerana nuda attracting composition, which comprises the following steps:

[0068] The above-mentioned Apis cerana nuda attracting composition is mixed with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;

[0069] The mixed solution containing 30 mg of the Apis cerana nuda attracting composition is added dropwise on a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and after the solvent is volatilized, an attractant core is obtained;

[0070] In the place and season where a large number of bees are divided, an empty beehive that has been inhabited by bees is cleaned to remove odors, ants, spider silk, and smeared beeswax, making it suitable for bees to live. The empty beehive is placed in a sunny, dry, and open place, and before use, the hands are washed clean without sticking to oil and smoke odors, and a rubber glove is worn. The attractant core is fixed at the entrance of the attractant core.

[0071] The results of the lure: cumulative use of 10 above lure core, recycling use of 30 boxes of beehives, statistics of a spring season, the final lure of 42 groups of bees, among which 20 observations of 18 groups of bees were captured by the trapping device.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] The present embodiment is an Apis cerana lure composition, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0074] 1 part of racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid, 0.05 parts of cis-9-tricosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-pentacosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-heptacosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-nonacosene, 0.3 parts of cis-9-heneicosene, 0.23 parts of tricosane, 0.25 parts of pentacosane, 0.50 parts of heptacosane, 1.0 parts of nonacosane, and 0.2 parts of heneicosane.

[0075] The method for luring Apis cerana using the above Apis cerana lure composition comprises the following steps:

[0076] Mix the above Apis cerana lure composition with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;

[0077] Drop the mixed solution containing 30 mg of the Apis cerana lure composition on a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and after the solvent is volatilized, obtain a lure core;

[0078] Select a place with a large number of bees and a season, use a beehive that has been inhabited by bees, clean the empty beehive, remove odors, ants, spider silk, and smear beeswax to make it suitable for bees to live. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry, open place, wash your hands before use, do not stick to oil and smoke odors, put on rubber gloves, and fix the lure core at the entrance of the lure beehive.

[0079] The results of the lure: cumulative use of 10 above lure core, recycling use of 30 boxes of beehives, statistics of a spring season, the final lure of 42 groups of bees, among which 20 observations of 18 groups of bees were captured by the trapping device.

[0080] Example 6

[0081] The present embodiment is an Apis cerana lure composition, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0082] Racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid 1 part, trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid 0.35 part, cis-9-tricosene 0.05 part, cis-9-pentacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-heptacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-nonacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-hendocosene 0.3 part, tricosane 0.23 part, pentacosane 0.25 part, heptacosane 0.50 part, nonacosane 1.0 part, hentriacontane 0.2 part, honeycomb extract 0.05 part, orchid inflorescence extract 0.1 part.

[0083] A method for attracting Apis cerana cerana using the above-mentioned attracting composition for Apis cerana cerana, the method comprising the following steps:

[0084] Mixing the above-mentioned attracting composition for Apis cerana cerana with 30 parts of odorless silicone grease to obtain a smearing agent;

[0085] Selecting a place and season with a large number of swarming bees, using a beehive that has been inhabited by bees, cleaning the empty beehive to remove odors, ants, spider silk and smearing beeswax to make it suitable for bees to inhabit. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry and open place. Before use, wash your hands clean, do not stick to oil and smoke odors, wear rubber gloves, and smear the smearing agent containing 30 mg of the attracting composition for Apis cerana cerana on the entrance of the attracting beehive.

[0086] Attracting results: A total of 30 beehives were treated, and 38 swarms were attracted in a spring swarming season, among which 13 swarming events were observed, and 12 swarms were captured by the trapping device.

[0087] Example 7

[0088] The present embodiment is an attracting composition for Apis cerana cerana, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0089] Racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid 1 part, trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid 0.35 part, cis-9-tricosene 0.05 part, cis-9-pentacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-heptacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-nonacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-hendocosene 0.3 part, tricosane 0.23 part, pentacosane 0.25 part, heptacosane 0.50 part, nonacosane 1.0 part, hentriacontane 0.2 part, honeycomb extract 0.05 part, orchid inflorescence extract 0.1 part.

[0090] A method for attracting Apis cerana cerana using the above-mentioned attracting composition for Apis cerana cerana, the method comprising the following steps:

[0091] Mixing the above-mentioned attracting composition for Apis cerana cerana with 30 parts of odorless silicone grease to obtain a smearing agent;

[0092] Select the place and season where there are a large number of swarming bees, use the beehives that have been inhabited by bees, clean the empty beehives, remove odors, ants, spider silk and smear beeswax to make them suitable for bees to live in. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry, open place, wash your hands before use, do not stick to oil and smoke odor, put on rubber gloves, and smear the smearing agent containing 30 mg of the bee attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana on the nest door of the bee attracting box.

[0093] The results of the attraction: a total of 30 boxes were smeared and treated, and in a spring swarming season, 29 swarming bees were attracted, of which 9 swarming events were observed, and 9 swarming bees were captured by the trapping device.

[0094] Example 8

[0095] The present example is a kind of Apis cerana cerana attracting composition, the Apis cerana cerana attracting composition includes the following weight parts of raw material components:

[0096] Racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid 1 part, trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid 0.35 parts, cis-9-tricosene 0.05 parts, cis-9-pentacosene 0.5 parts, cis-9-heptacosene 0.5 parts, cis-9-nonacosene 0.5 parts, cis-9-hendecatriacontene 0.3 parts, tricosane 0.23 parts, pentacosane 0.25 parts, heptacosane 0.50 parts, nonacosane 1.0 parts, hentriacontane 0.2 parts.

[0097] The method for attracting Apis cerana cerana using the above-mentioned Apis cerana cerana attracting composition, the method includes the following steps:

[0098] Mix the above-mentioned Apis cerana cerana attracting composition with 30 parts of odorless silicone grease to obtain a smearing agent;

[0099] Select the place and season where there are a large number of swarming bees, use the beehives that have been inhabited by bees, clean the empty beehives, remove odors, ants, spider silk and smear beeswax to make them suitable for bees to live in. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry, open place, wash your hands before use, do not stick to oil and smoke odor, put on rubber gloves, and smear the smearing agent containing 30 mg of the bee attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana on the nest door of the bee attracting box.

[0100] The results of the attraction: a total of 30 boxes were smeared and treated, and in a spring swarming season, 31 swarming bees were attracted, of which 15 swarming events were observed, and 15 swarming bees were captured by the trapping device.

[0101] Example 9

[0102] The present example is a kind of Apis cerana cerana attracting composition, the Apis cerana cerana attracting composition includes the following weight parts of raw material components:

[0103] (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid 1 part, trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid 0.35 part, tricosane 0.23 part, pentacosane 0.25 part, heptacosane 0.50 part, nonacosane 1.0 part, hentriacontane 0.2 part, cis-9-tricosene 0.05 part, cis-9-pentacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-heptacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-nonacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-hentriacontene 0.3 part.

[0104] A method for attracting Apis cerana cerana using the above-mentioned attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana, the method comprising the following steps:

[0105] The above-mentioned attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana is divided into two categories, specifically as follows:

[0106] Class 1: (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid 1 part, trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid 0.35 part, tricosane 0.23 part, pentacosane 0.25 part, heptacosane 0.50 part, nonacosane 1.0 part, hentriacontane 0.2 part;

[0107] Class 2: cis-9-tricosene 0.05 part, cis-9-pentacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-heptacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-nonacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-hentriacontene 0.3 part;

[0108] Take the above-mentioned mixture of Class 1 and 50 parts of butyl acetate, stir and mix uniformly to obtain spray 1;

[0109] Take the above-mentioned mixture of Class 2 and 50 parts of butyl acetate, stir and mix uniformly to obtain spray 2;

[0110] Select the place and season with a large number of swarm bees, use the beehive where bees have already lived, clean the empty beehive, remove the odor, ants, spider silk and smear the beeswax, make it suitable for bees to live. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry and open place, wash your hands before use, do not stick to oil and smoke odor, put on rubber gloves, spray 1 mL of spray 1 on the entire inside and outside of the attracting beehive, spray 0.2 mL of spray 2 at the nest door of the attracting beehive, and spray again every 3 days;

[0111] Attracting results: a total of 30 beehives were sprayed and treated, and 40 groups of bees were induced in a spring swarming season, among which 20 swarming events were observed, and 20 groups of bees were captured by the trapping device.

[0112] Example 10

[0113] The present embodiment is an attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0114] Racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid 1 part, trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid 0.35 part, tricosane 0.23 part, pentacosane 0.25 part, heptacosane 0.50 part, nonacosane 1.0 part, hentriacontane 0.2 part. cis-9-tricosene 0.05 part, cis-9-pentacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-heptacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-nonacosene 0.5 part, cis-9-hentriacontene 0.3 part.

[0115] A method for attracting Apis cerana cerana using the above-mentioned attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana, the method comprising the following steps:

[0116] Mixing the above-mentioned attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana with 50 parts of butyl acetate to obtain a spray;

[0117] Selecting a place and season with a large number of swarming bees, using a beehive that has been inhabited by bees, cleaning the empty beehive to remove odors, ants, spider silk and smearing beeswax to make it suitable for bees to live in. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry and open place. Before use, wash your hands clean, do not stick to oil and smoke odors, put on rubber gloves, spray 1 mL of the spray on the entire inside and outside of the attracting beehive, and spray 0.2 mL of the spray on the nest door. Spray every 3 days for testing;

[0118] Attracting results: a total of 30 treated beehives were sprayed, and 35 groups of bees were attracted in a spring swarming season, of which 20 swarming events were observed, and 17 groups of bees were captured by the trapping device.

[0119] Comparative Example 1

[0120] This comparative example is an attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0121] Racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid 1 part, trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid 0.33 part.

[0122] A method for attracting Apis cerana cerana using the above-mentioned attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana, the method comprising the following steps:

[0123] Mixing the above-mentioned attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate to completely dissolve to obtain a mixture;

[0124] Dropping the mixture containing 30 mg of the attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana on a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and after the solvent is volatilized, an attractant core is obtained;

[0125] Select in a large number of swarm bees place and season, using has already had honey bees to live over the beehive, will empty beehive to clean processing, remove peculiar smell, ants, spider silk and smearing beeswax, make it suitable for honey bees to live. Place the empty beehive in the sunny, dry, open place, wash your hands before use, do not stick to the oil and smoke peculiar smell, take on the rubber gloves, will attract core fixed in the attract beehive nest door.

[0126] Attracting results: cumulative use of 10 above-mentioned attractant, recycling use case, 30 boxes of beehives were treated, and 5 swarms of bees were finally attracted in a spring swarming season, in which 15 swarming events were observed, and 4 swarms were captured by the trapping device.

[0127] Comparative Example 2

[0128] The present comparative example is an Apis cerana attractant composition, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0129] 1 part of racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid and 0.20 parts of trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid.

[0130] The method for attracting Apis cerana using the above-mentioned Apis cerana attractant composition comprises the following steps:

[0131] Mix the above-mentioned Apis cerana attractant composition with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;

[0132] Drop the mixed solution containing 30 mg of Apis cerana attractant composition on a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and after the solvent is volatilized, an attractant core is obtained;

[0133] Select in a large number of swarm bees place and season, using has already had honey bees to live over the beehive, will empty beehive to clean processing, remove peculiar smell, ants, spider silk and smearing beeswax, make it suitable for honey bees to live. Place the empty beehive in the sunny, dry, open place, wash your hands before use, do not stick to the oil and smoke peculiar smell, take on the rubber gloves, will attract core fixed in the attract beehive nest door.

[0134] Attracting results: cumulative use of 10 above-mentioned attractant, recycling use case, 30 boxes of beehives were treated, and 5 swarms of bees were finally attracted in a spring swarming season, in which 15 swarming events were observed, and 4 swarms were captured by the trapping device.

[0135] Comparative Example 3

[0136] The present comparative example is an Apis cerana attractant composition, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0137] 1 part of racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid and 0.50 parts of trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid.

[0138] A method for attracting Apis cerana cerana using the above-mentioned attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana, the method comprising the following steps:

[0139] Mixing the above-mentioned attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;

[0140] Dropping the mixed solution containing 30 mg of the attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana on a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and obtaining an attractant after volatilizing the solvent;

[0141] Selecting a place and season with a large number of swarming bees, using a beehive that has been inhabited by bees, cleaning the empty beehive to remove odors, ants, spider silk, and smearing beeswax to make it suitable for bees to live in. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry, open place, wash your hands before use, do not stick to oil and smoke odors, put on rubber gloves, and fix the attractant at the entrance of the beehive nest.

[0142] Attracting results: Cumulative use of 10 of the above-mentioned attractants, recycling use, 30 beehives treated, statistics of a spring swarming season, finally 8 swarming groups were attracted, among which 15 swarming events were observed, and 12 groups were captured by the trapping device.

[0143] Comparative Example 4

[0144] This comparative example is an attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana, which comprises the following components by weight:

[0145] 1 part of racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid and 0.35 parts of trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid.

[0146] A method for attracting Apis cerana cerana using the above-mentioned attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana, the method comprising the following steps:

[0147] Mixing the above-mentioned attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;

[0148] Dropping the mixed solution containing 30 mg of the attracting composition of Apis cerana cerana on a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and obtaining an attractant after volatilizing the solvent;

[0149] Selecting a place and season with a large number of swarming bees, using a beehive that has been inhabited by bees, cleaning the empty beehive to remove odors, ants, spider silk, and smearing beeswax to make it suitable for bees to live in. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry, open place, wash your hands before use, do not stick to oil and smoke odors, put on rubber gloves, and fix the attractant at the entrance of the beehive nest.

[0150] The results of the lure are as follows: 30 beehives are treated by using 10 above-mentioned lures, and 15 groups of bees are finally lured, in which 10 groups of bees are captured by the trapping device.

[0151] Comparative Example 5

[0152] The present comparative example is an Apis cerana lure composition, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0153] 1 part of racemic (R / S)-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid and 0.35 parts of trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid.

[0154] The method for luring Apis cerana by using the above-mentioned Apis cerana lure composition, which comprises the following steps:

[0155] The above-mentioned Apis cerana lure composition is mixed with 30 parts of odorless silicone grease to obtain a smearing agent;

[0156] The method for luring Apis cerana by using the above-mentioned Apis cerana lure composition, which comprises the following steps:

[0157] The results of the lure are as follows: 30 beehives are treated by using 10 above-mentioned lures, and 15 groups of bees are finally lured, in which 10 groups of bees are captured by the trapping device.

[0158] Comparative Example 6

[0159] The present comparative example is an Apis cerana lure composition, which comprises the following raw material components by weight:

[0160] 0.05 parts of cis-9-tricosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-pentacosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-heptacosene, 0.5 parts of cis-9-nonacosene, 0.3 parts of cis-9-hendocosene, 0.23 parts of tricosane, 0.25 parts of pentacosane, 0.50 parts of heptacosane, 1.0 parts of nonacosane, and 0.2 parts of hentriacontane.

[0161] The method for luring Apis cerana by using the above-mentioned Apis cerana lure composition, which comprises the following steps:

[0162] The above-mentioned Apis cerana lure composition is mixed with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate until completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution;

[0163] The mixture containing 30 mg of the Apis cerana nuda bee attracting composition is added dropwise to a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and after the solvent is volatilized, an attractant core is obtained;

[0164] The empty beehive is cleaned to remove odors, ants, spider silk, and smeared beeswax to make it suitable for bees to live in. The empty beehive is placed in a sunny, dry, and open place, and before use, the hands are washed clean without sticking to oil and smoke odors, and a rubber glove is worn, and the attractant core is fixed at the entrance of the attractant core.

[0165] The results of the attraction: a total of 30 of the above attractant cores were used, 30 beehives were treated, and one spring bee splitting season was counted, and finally 6 bee colonies were attracted, among which 17 bee splitting events were observed, and 4 colonies were captured by the trapping device.

[0166] Comparative Example 7

[0167] The present comparative example is an Apis cerana nuda bee attracting composition, which is a multi-flower inflorescence extract.

[0168] The method for attracting Apis cerana nuda bees using the above Apis cerana nuda bee attracting composition comprises the following steps:

[0169] The above Apis cerana nuda bee attracting composition is mixed with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate until completely dissolved to obtain a mixture;

[0170] The mixture containing 30 mg of the Apis cerana nuda bee attracting composition is added dropwise to a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and after the solvent is volatilized, an attractant core is obtained;

[0171] The empty beehive is cleaned to remove odors, ants, spider silk, and smeared beeswax to make it suitable for bees to live in. The empty beehive is placed in a sunny, dry, and open place, and before use, the hands are washed clean without sticking to oil and smoke odors, and a rubber glove is worn, and the attractant core is fixed at the entrance of the attractant core.

[0172] The results of the attraction: a total of 30 of the above attractant cores were used, 30 beehives were treated, and one spring bee splitting season was counted, and finally 6 bee colonies were attracted, among which 17 bee splitting events were observed, and 4 colonies were captured by the trapping device.

[0173] Comparative Example 8

[0174] The present comparative example is an Apis cerana nuda bee attracting composition, which is a multi-flower inflorescence extract.

[0175] The method for attracting Apis cerana nuda bees using the above Apis cerana nuda bee attracting composition comprises the following steps:

[0176] Mix the above Apis cerana F. attractant composition with 20 parts of solvent ethyl acetate until completely dissolved to obtain a mixture;

[0177] Drop the mixture containing 30 mg of Apis cerana F. attractant composition on a cotton ball with a volume of 0.5 mL, and after the solvent is volatilized, obtain the lure core;

[0178] Select a place and season with a large number of swarming bees, use a beehive that has been inhabited by bees, clean the empty beehive to remove odors, ants, spider silk, and smear beeswax to make it suitable for bees to live in. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry, and open place. Before use, wash your hands clean, do not stick to oil and smoke odors, and put on rubber gloves. Fix the lure core at the entrance of the lure beehive nest.

[0179] Attracting results: Cumulative use of 10 above-mentioned lure cores, recycling use, 30 boxes of treated beehives, statistics of a spring swarming season, finally attract 10 groups of bee colonies, among which 15 swarming events are observed, and 6 groups are captured by the trapping device.

[0180] Comparative Example 9

[0181] I. Comparative traditional method of attracting swarming bees

[0182] Select a place and season with a large number of swarming bees, use a beehive that has been inhabited by bees, clean the empty beehive to remove odors, ants, spider silk, and smear beeswax to make it suitable for bees to live in. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry, and open place.

[0183] II. Test design and results

[0184] Treat 20 boxes of beehives, statistics of a spring swarming season, finally attract 5 groups of bee colonies, among which 15 swarming events are observed, and 2 groups are captured by the trapping device.

[0185] Comparative Example 10

[0186] I. Comparative traditional method of attracting swarming bees

[0187] Select a place and season with a large number of swarming bees, use a beehive that has been inhabited by bees, clean the empty beehive to remove odors, ants, spider silk, and smear beeswax to make it suitable for bees to live in. Place the empty beehive in a sunny, dry, and open place.

[0188] II. Test design and results

[0189] Treat 20 boxes of beehives, statistics of a spring swarming season, finally attract 5 groups of bee colonies, among which 15 swarming events are observed, and 2 groups are captured by the trapping device.

[0190] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims and the description of the present application.

Claims

1. A bee-attracting composition for Oriental honeybees, characterized in that, The bee-attracting composition of the Oriental honeybee comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 0.1-1 part of mandibular gland pheromone from worker bees, 0.1-1 part of hydrocarbon compounds from worker bee body surface, 0.05-1 part of honeycomb extract, and 0.1-1 part of orchid inflorescence extract from multiflora flowers; The maxillary gland pheromone of the worker bee is S-3-hydroxy-octanoic acid and / or trans-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid; The hydrocarbon compounds on the surface of the worker bees are selected from at least one of cis-9-tetratriene, cis-9-tetrapentene, cis-9-heptadecene, cis-9-nonadecene, cis-9-trimonene, trisane, pentadecene, heptadecene, nonadecene, and heptane; The honeycomb extract was prepared by the following method: Beeswax and worker bees were cryogenically pulverized and extracted with ethyl acetate. After concentration under reduced pressure to remove the solvent and form a paste, a weakly polar solvent and a strongly polar solvent were added for layer separation. The strongly polar solvent layer was collected, concentrated to remove the solvent, dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed with brine, and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate to obtain a crude pheromone extract mainly composed of acidic components, denoted as the first crude pheromone extract. Simultaneously, the weakly polar solvent layer was collected, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, hydrolyzed with a strong alkali to remove esters, and the hydrolysate was then extracted with a weakly polar solvent to remove hydrocarbons. After washing with a strongly polar solvent to remove the hydrolysis products, the extract was washed with brine, dried, and distilled under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, yielding a hydrocarbon pheromone crude extract, denoted as the second crude pheromone extract. Finally, the first and second crude pheromone extracts were combined to obtain the honeycomb extract. The weakly polar solvent is selected from any one of n-hexane, pentane, and petroleum ether, and the strongly polar solvent is selected from any one of ethanol, methanol, and acetone. The multiflora orchid inflorescence extract was prepared by the following method: The inflorescence of the multiflora flower was freeze-pulverized, then extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with brine, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, thus obtaining the multiflora flower inflorescence extract.

2. The use of the honeybee attractant composition of claim 1 in attracting honeybees.

3. A method for attracting Eastern honeybees, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The bee-attracting composition of the Oriental honeybee as described in claim 1 is placed on a slow-release lure substrate, and the slow-release lure substrate is placed above the entrance of the bee-attracting box; the slow-release lure substrate is made of plant fiber or nylon fiber. Alternatively, the bee-attracting composition of the Eastern honeybee according to claim 1 is mixed with excipients and processed into a coating, the coating being applied to the hive entrance of the bee-attracting box, wherein the excipients are selected from at least one of silicone grease, saturated oil, honey and glycerol; Alternatively, the bee-attracting composition of the Oriental honeybee as described in claim 1 can be mixed with an organic solvent and processed into a spray, which is then sprayed onto the entrance of the bee-attracting box.