A rail passenger car air duct with airflow adaptive flow limiting function

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rail passenger car air duct with an airflow adaptive flow limiting function, including an air duct body, a baffle, an airflow adaptive adjustment component and a reset compensation component, wherein the airflow adaptive adjustment component is arranged inside the air duct body, the airflow adaptive adjustment component includes a drive adjustment structure and a flow limiting structure, the drive adjustment structure is connected to the flow limiting structure, the reset compensation component is arranged inside the air duct body, and the reset compensation component is connected to the drive adjustment structure. The present invention belongs to the technical field of rail passenger cars, and specifically refers to a rail passenger car air duct with an airflow adaptive flow limiting function; the present invention can perform adaptive adjustment according to the actual airflow conditions in the air duct by setting an airflow adaptive adjustment component, thereby maintaining the stability of the airflow volume in the air duct when the bus is running, solving the problems of large airflow fluctuations in the air duct, unstable air circulation in the car, and poor passenger riding experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rail passenger vehicles, and in particular relates to a rail passenger vehicle air duct with an airflow self-adaptive flow limiting function. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of rail passenger car technology, the requirements for the comfort of the interior environment of the passenger car are becoming higher and higher. The air duct is a key component for the air circulation inside the rail passenger car, and its design directly affects the quality of the air inside the car. When the rail passenger car is running, such as when the train accelerates, decelerates or passes through a tunnel, the air flow in the air duct fluctuates greatly, causing changes in the air circulation in the car, affecting the comfort of the passengers.

[0003] The current rail passenger car air duct cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the actual airflow conditions, resulting in changes in the air circulation in the car and unstable air circulation in the car, which affects the passengers' riding experience. Therefore, in order to enable the actual airflow conditions in the air duct to be adaptively adjusted during the driving of the bus and improve the passengers' riding experience, a rail passenger car air duct with airflow adaptive flow limiting function is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a railway passenger car air duct with an airflow adaptive flow limiting function. By setting an airflow adaptive adjustment component, adaptive adjustment of the actual airflow conditions in the air duct is achieved, thereby maintaining the stability of the airflow in the air duct when the bus is running, which can effectively improve the comfort of passengers when riding, and effectively solves the problem that the current railway passenger car air duct cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the actual airflow conditions, resulting in unstable air circulation in the car and poor passenger riding experience.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a rail passenger car air duct with an airflow adaptive flow limiting function, including an air duct body, a baffle, an airflow adaptive adjustment component and a reset compensation component. The airflow adaptive adjustment component is arranged inside the air duct body. The airflow adaptive adjustment component includes a drive adjustment structure and a flow limiting structure. The drive adjustment structure is connected to the flow limiting structure. The reset compensation component is arranged inside the air duct body. The reset compensation component is connected to the drive adjustment structure. When the air volume flow in the air duct changes, the airflow adaptive adjustment component can adaptively adjust the restriction on the air flow according to the change of the air volume flow entering the air duct body, thereby stabilizing the actual ventilation volume in the air duct and improving the riding comfort of passengers.

[0006] Furthermore, the drive adjustment structure includes a fixed ring, a crossbeam, a moving block, a wind shield, a resistance spring, a synchronous pulley 1, a synchronous pulley 2, a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear and a driving gear, the fixed ring is fixedly connected in the air duct body, the crossbeam is fixedly connected to the fixed ring, the moving block slides on the crossbeam, the wind shield is fixedly connected to the moving block, a spring seat 1 is fixedly connected to the moving block, a spring seat 2 is fixedly connected to the fixed ring, two ends of the resistance spring are respectively fixedly connected to the spring seat 1 and the spring seat 2, the synchronous pulley 1 and the synchronous pulley 2 are both rotatably connected to the fixed ring, a synchronous belt is installed between the synchronous pulley 1 and the synchronous pulley 2, the bottom edge of the synchronous belt is fixedly connected to the moving block, and the driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to the synchronous pulley 2.

[0007] Further, the driven bevel gear is rotatably connected to the fixed ring, the driven bevel gear is meshed with the active bevel gear, the driving gear is fixedly connected to the driven bevel gear, a front limit block is fixedly connected to the fixed ring, and a rear limit block is fixedly connected to the crossbeam.

[0008] Furthermore, the flow limiting structure includes a fixed disk, a flow limiting plate and a rotating disk, the fixed disk is fixedly connected to the baffle, the fixed disk is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove, a plurality of flow limiting plates are arranged and are located between the rotating disk and the fixed disk, a transmission slider is provided on the side of the flow limiting plate close to the fixed disk, the transmission slider is arranged in the arc-shaped slide groove, a limiting slide groove is provided on the side of the flow limiting plate away from the fixed disk, a limiting column is fixedly connected to the rotating disk, the limiting column is slidably connected in the limiting slide groove, the rotating disk is provided with a connecting groove, the fixed disk is fixedly connected with a connecting block, and the connecting block is slidably connected in the connecting groove, when the air flow in the air duct fluctuates, the pressure on the wind baffle changes and moves on the crossbeam, thereby driving the flow limiting structure to move, changing the flow area of ​​the flow limiting structure, and then realizing adaptive adjustment of the actual airflow conditions inside the air duct, thereby improving the stability of the ventilation volume of the bus air duct.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating disk is provided with driven teeth, and the driven teeth are meshedly connected with the driving gear.

[0010] Furthermore, the reset compensation assembly includes a main shaft, spiral leaves, a threaded rod, a reset movable plate, a reset spring and a scroll spring. The main shaft is rotatably connected to the air duct body, the spiral leaves are fixedly connected to the main shaft, the threaded rod is fixedly connected to the main shaft, a threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the reset movable plate, the threaded sleeve is meshingly connected to the threaded rod, and reset sliders are fixedly connected to both sides of the reset movable plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a reset slot is provided on the crossbeam, the reset slider is slidably connected in the reset slot, and both ends of the reset spring are fixedly connected to the reset movable plate and the wind shield plate respectively. When the overall air volume flow increases, the spiral blade drives the threaded rod to rotate, thereby driving the reset movable plate to move along the crossbeam, increasing the resistance to the movement of the wind shield plate on the crossbeam, preventing the flow limiting structure from being in a state of small flow area after the overall flow increases, affecting the overall air volume flow, and ensuring the adjustment ability of the airflow adaptive adjustment component when the overall air volume flow is large.

[0012] Furthermore, the air duct body includes an air inlet pipe, a rear air duct, a fixing frame and a fixing bracket, the fixing frame is connected to the inside of the air inlet pipe, the fixing bracket is fixedly connected to the inside of the rear air duct, the baffle is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe, the rear air duct is fixedly connected to the baffle, and an air inlet is provided at one end of the air inlet pipe, the diameter of the air inlet is smaller than the diameter of the air inlet pipe, and the diameter of the air inlet is approximately one half of the diameter of the air inlet pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the fixing frame, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the baffle.

[0014] Furthermore, the main shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed bracket, and two ends of the spiral spring are respectively fixedly connected to the main shaft and the fixed bracket.

[0015] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0016] (1) In order to solve the problem that the actual flow rate in the air duct changes and causes the ventilation flow rate in the car to be unstable, which affects the passenger riding experience, the present invention provides an airflow adaptive adjustment component, which can adaptively adjust the restriction of the air flow according to the change of the air flow entering the air duct body, thereby stabilizing the actual ventilation volume in the air duct and improving the riding comfort of the passengers;

[0017] (2) By providing a driving adjustment structure and a flow restriction structure, when the air volume flow in the air duct fluctuates, the pressure on the wind deflector changes and moves on the crossbeam, thereby driving the flow restriction structure to move, thereby changing the flow area of ​​the flow restriction structure, realizing adaptive adjustment of the actual air flow conditions inside the air duct, and improving the stability of the ventilation of the bus air duct;

[0018] (3) In addition, by setting a reset compensation component, when the overall air volume flow increases, the spiral blade drives the threaded rod to rotate, thereby driving the reset movable plate to move along the crossbeam, increasing the resistance to the movement of the wind shield on the crossbeam, preventing the flow restriction structure from being in a state of small flow area after the overall flow increases, affecting the overall air volume flow, ensuring the adjustment ability of the airflow adaptive adjustment component when the overall air volume flow is large, and improving the adaptability of the air duct to the wind speed flow;

[0019] (4) In order to prevent the wind flow in the air duct from suddenly increasing when a strong wind starts to flow into the air duct, and the compensation effect of the reset compensation component has not yet acted on the airflow adaptive adjustment component, the wind deflector drives the flow restriction structure to move, resulting in the flow area of ​​the flow restriction structure being too small and affecting the air flow in the air duct, a rear limit block is set to limit the movement distance of the wind deflector, thereby ensuring the compensation effect of the reset compensation component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of a rail passenger car air duct with an airflow adaptive flow limiting function proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a rail passenger car air duct with an airflow adaptive flow limiting function proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of a rail passenger car air duct with an airflow adaptive flow limiting function proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of an airflow adaptive adjustment component for a rail passenger car air duct with an airflow adaptive flow limiting function proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the driving and adjusting structure;

[0025] Figure 6 Explosion diagram of the drive adjustment structure;

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a flow restriction structure;

[0028] Fig. 9 Explosion of flow-limiting structures Figure 1 ;

[0029] Fig.10 Explosion of flow-limiting structures Figure 2 ;

[0030] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the drive adjustment structure and the reset compensation component;

[0031] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reset compensation component.

[0032] Among them, 1. air duct body; 2. air flow adaptive adjustment component; 3. drive adjustment structure; 4. flow limiting structure; 5. reset compensation component; 6. baffle; 101. air inlet pipe; 102. rear air duct; 103. fixed frame; 104. fixed bracket; 105. air inlet; 301. fixed ring; 302. crossbeam; 303. moving block; 304. wind deflector; 305. spring seat 1; 306. spring seat 2; 307. resistance spring; 308. synchronous pulley 1; 309. synchronous pulley 2; 310. synchronous belt; 311. active bevel gear; 312 , driven bevel gear; 313, driving gear; 314, front limit block; 315, rear limit block; 316, reset slide; 401, fixed plate; 402, arc slide; 403, current limiting plate; 404, transmission slider; 405, limit slide; 406, rotating plate; 407, limit column; 408, connecting groove; 409, connecting block; 410, driven gear; 501, main shaft; 502, spiral blade; 503, threaded rod; 504, reset movable plate; 505, threaded sleeve; 506, reset slider; 507, reset spring; 508, scroll spring.

[0033] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside” and “outside” indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 12As shown, the present invention proposes a railway passenger car air duct with an airflow adaptive flow limiting function, including an air duct body 1, a baffle 6, an airflow adaptive adjustment component 2 and a reset compensation component 5, the airflow adaptive adjustment component 2 is arranged inside the air duct body 1, the airflow adaptive adjustment component 2 includes a drive adjustment structure 3 and a flow limiting structure 4, the drive adjustment structure 3 and the flow limiting structure 4 are connected, the reset compensation component 5 is arranged inside the air duct body 1, and the reset compensation component 5 is connected to the drive adjustment structure 3.

[0037] The drive adjustment structure 3 includes a fixed ring 301, a crossbeam 302, a moving block 303, a windshield 304, a resistance spring 307, a synchronous pulley 1 308, a synchronous pulley 2 309, an active bevel gear 311, a driven bevel gear 312 and a driving gear 313. The fixed ring 301 is fixedly connected to the air duct body 1, the crossbeam 302 is fixedly connected to the fixed ring 301, the moving block 303 slides on the crossbeam 302, the windshield 304 is fixedly connected to the moving block 303, and the moving block 303 is fixedly connected to the windshield 304. A spring seat 1 305 is connected, a spring seat 2 306 is fixedly connected to the fixed ring 301, two ends of a resistance spring 307 are fixedly connected to the spring seat 1 305 and the spring seat 2 306 respectively, a synchronous pulley 1 308 and a synchronous pulley 2 309 are both rotatably connected to the fixed ring 301, a synchronous belt 310 is installed between the synchronous pulley 1 308 and the synchronous pulley 2 309, the bottom edge of the synchronous belt 310 is fixedly connected to the moving block 303, and a driving bevel gear 311 is fixedly connected to the synchronous pulley 2 309.

[0038] Among them, the driven bevel gear 312 is rotatably connected to the fixed ring 301, the driven bevel gear 312 is meshed with the active bevel gear 311, the driving gear 313 is fixedly connected to the driven bevel gear 312, the fixed ring 301 is fixedly connected with a front limit block 314, and the cross beam 302 is fixedly connected with a rear limit block 315. The front limit block 314 and the rear limit block 315 can limit the moving distance of the wind deflector 304, thereby avoiding that when a large flow rate just starts to pass into the air duct, the air flow in the air duct suddenly increases, and when the compensation effect of the reset compensation component 5 does not act on the airflow adaptive adjustment component 2, the flow area of ​​the flow limiting structure 4 is too small to affect the air flow in the air duct, thereby ensuring the compensation effect of the reset compensation component.

[0039] In addition, the flow limiting structure 4 includes a fixed disk 401, a flow limiting plate 403 and a rotating disk 406. The fixed disk 401 is fixedly connected to the baffle 6. The fixed disk 401 is provided with an arc-shaped slide groove 402. The flow limiting plate 403 is provided with multiple and is located between the rotating disk 406 and the fixed disk 401. The side of the flow limiting plate 403 close to the fixed disk 401 is provided with a transmission slider 404, and the transmission slider 404 is arranged in the arc-shaped slide groove 402. The side of the flow limiting plate 403 away from the fixed disk 401 is provided with a limiting slide groove 405. The rotating disk 406 is fixedly connected to a limiting column 407, and the limiting column 407 is slidably connected in the limiting slide groove 405. The rotating disk 406 is provided with a connecting groove 408. The fixed disk 401 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 409, and the connecting block 409 is slidably connected in the connecting groove 408. The rotating disk 406 is rotatably connected to the fixed disk 401 through the connecting block 409 and the connecting groove 408.

[0040] The rotating disk 406 is provided with a driven tooth 410 , and the driven tooth 410 is meshedly connected with the driving gear 313 .

[0041] In addition, the reset compensation component 5 includes a main shaft 501, a spiral blade 502, a threaded rod 503, a reset movable plate 504, a reset spring 507 and a spiral spring 508. The main shaft 501 is rotatably connected in the air duct body 1, the spiral blade 502 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 501, the threaded rod 503 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 501, and a threaded sleeve 505 is fixedly connected to the reset movable plate 504. The threaded sleeve 505 is meshed with the threaded rod 503, and reset sliders 506 are fixedly connected to both sides of the reset movable plate 504.

[0042] Among them, a reset groove 316 is opened on the beam 302, and the reset slider 506 is slidably connected in the reset groove 316. The two ends of the reset spring 507 are respectively fixedly connected to the reset movable plate 504 and the wind shield 304. When the reset slider 506 moves, the reset spring 507 pushes the wind shield 304, thereby increasing the resistance to the movement of the wind shield 304 on the beam 302, thereby ensuring the adjustment ability of the airflow adaptive adjustment component 2.

[0043] The air duct body 1 includes an air inlet duct 101, a rear air duct 102, a fixing frame 103 and a fixing bracket 104, the fixing frame 103 is connected to the inside of the air inlet duct 101, the fixing bracket 104 is fixedly connected to the inside of the rear air duct 102, the baffle 6 is fixedly connected to the air inlet duct 101, the rear air duct 102 is fixedly connected to the baffle 6, and an air inlet 105 is provided at one end of the air inlet duct 101, the diameter of the air inlet 105 is smaller than the diameter of the air inlet duct 101, and the diameter of the air inlet 105 is approximately one half of the diameter of the air inlet duct 101. The diameter of the air inlet duct 101 is larger than the diameter of the air inlet 105, which can enable wind to flow from both sides of the driving and adjusting structure 3, thereby avoiding the influence of the driving and adjusting structure 3 on the circulation in the air duct.

[0044] In addition, the fixing ring 301 is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 103, and the fixing plate 401 is fixedly connected to the baffle 6. The baffle 6 can facilitate the installation between the air inlet pipe 101 and the rear air duct 102, and at the same time can ensure that the air duct body 1 forms a closed pipe. The main shaft 501 is rotatably connected to the fixing bracket 104, and the two ends of the spiral spring 508 are respectively fixedly connected to the main shaft 501 and the fixing bracket 104.

[0045] During specific use, the wind in the bus air duct enters the air duct tube body 1 from the air inlet 105. When the wind flow entering the air duct is unstable during the driving of the bus, the flow of air in the air duct tube body 1 causes changes in the pressure of the wind shield 304.

[0046] If the air flow rate of the air inlet pipe 101 is large, the pressure on the wind shield 304 increases, thereby compressing the resistance spring 307 to move, driving the moving block 303 to move along the crossbeam 302, thereby driving the synchronous belt 310 to move, so that the synchronous pulley 309 rotates, and the rotation of the synchronous pulley 309 drives the driving gear 313 to rotate through the transmission of the active bevel gear 311 and the driven bevel gear 312, and the driving gear 313 drives the rotating disk 406 to rotate through the driven gear 410. When the rotating disk 406 rotates, it drives the limiting column 407 to move in the limiting slot 405 and the transmission slider 404 to move in the arc slot 402, so that the arrangement between the limiting plates 403 is changed, and the aperture formed between the limiting plates 403 becomes smaller, thereby increasing the restriction on the air flow;

[0047] When the air flow at the air inlet pipe 101 is small, the moving block 303 moves in the opposite direction under the elastic force of the resistance spring 307, so that the flow limiting plate 403 moves in the opposite direction, so that the aperture formed between the flow limiting plates 403 becomes larger, reducing the restriction on the air flow;

[0048] Furthermore, the air in the air inlet pipe 101 is regulated by the airflow adaptive adjustment component 2 to achieve a stable air flow rate, thereby achieving the stabilization of the ventilation flow rate in the passenger compartment by the passenger car air duct.

[0049] When the overall air volume flow increases, the spiral blade 502 rotates, driving the main shaft 501 and the threaded rod 503 to rotate. The threaded rod 503 drives the reset movable plate 504 to move by engaging with the threaded sleeve 505, so that the reset spring 507 pushes the wind shield 304, increasing the resistance to the movement of the wind shield 304 on the beam 302, preventing the flow limiting structure 4 from being in a state of small flow area after the overall air volume increases, affecting the overall air volume flow, and ensuring the adjustment ability of the airflow adaptive adjustment component 2 when the overall air volume flow is large.

[0050] The above is the overall workflow of the present invention, and you can repeat this step next time you use it.

[0051] The actual operation process is very simple and easy.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0054] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail passenger car air duct with an airflow adaptive flow limiting function, characterized in that: The air duct body (1) comprises an air duct self-adaptive adjustment component (2) and a reset compensation component (5), wherein the air duct self-adaptive adjustment component (2) is arranged inside the air duct body (1), the air duct self-adaptive adjustment component (2) comprises a drive adjustment structure (3) and a flow restriction structure (4), the drive adjustment structure (3) and the flow restriction structure (4) are connected, and the reset compensation component (5) is arranged inside the air duct body (1), and the reset compensation component (5) is connected to the drive adjustment structure (3); The driving adjustment structure (3) comprises a fixed ring (301), a crossbeam (302), a moving block (303), a windshield (304), a resistance spring (307), a synchronous pulley 1 (308), a synchronous pulley 2 (309), a driving bevel gear (311), a driven bevel gear (312) and a driving gear (313), wherein the fixed ring (301) is fixedly connected to the air duct body (1), the crossbeam (302) is fixedly connected to the fixed ring (301), the moving block (303) slides on the crossbeam (302), the windshield (304) is fixedly connected to the moving block (303), and the moving block (303) is provided with a plurality of gears. A spring seat 1 (305) is fixedly connected, a spring seat 2 (306) is fixedly connected to the fixed ring (301), two ends of the resistance spring (307) are respectively fixedly connected to the spring seat 1 (305) and the spring seat 2 (306), the synchronous pulley 1 (308) and the synchronous pulley 2 (309) are both rotatably connected to the fixed ring (301), a synchronous belt (310) is installed between the synchronous pulley 1 (308) and the synchronous pulley 2 (309), the bottom edge of the synchronous belt (310) is fixedly connected to the moving block (303), and the active bevel gear (311) is fixedly connected to the synchronous pulley 2 (309); The flow limiting structure (4) comprises a fixed disk (401), a flow limiting plate (403) and a rotating disk (406); the fixed disk (401) is fixedly connected to the baffle (6); an arc-shaped slide groove (402) is provided on the fixed disk (401); a plurality of flow limiting plates (403) are provided and are located between the rotating disk (406) and the fixed disk (401); a transmission slider (404) is provided on a side of the flow limiting plate (403) close to the fixed disk (401); and the transmission slider (404) is provided on the fixed disk (401). In the arc-shaped slide groove (402), a limiting slide groove (405) is provided on a side of the limiting plate (403) away from the fixed disk (401); a limiting column (407) is fixedly connected to the rotating disk (406); the limiting column (407) is slidably connected in the limiting slide groove (405); a connecting groove (408) is provided on the rotating disk (406); a connecting block (409) is fixedly connected to the fixed disk (401); and the connecting block (409) is slidably connected in the connecting groove (408); The rotating disk (406) is provided with a driven tooth (410), and the driven tooth (410) is meshingly connected with the driving gear (313); The reset compensation component (5) comprises a main shaft (501), a spiral blade (502), a threaded rod (503), a reset movable plate (504), a reset spring (507) and a scroll spring (508); the main shaft (501) is rotatably connected to the air duct body (1); the spiral blade (502) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (501); the threaded rod (503) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (501); a threaded sleeve (505) is fixedly connected to the reset movable plate (504); the threaded sleeve (505) is meshedly connected to the threaded rod (503); and reset sliders (506) are fixedly connected to both sides of the reset movable plate (504).

2. The rail passenger car air duct with airflow adaptive flow limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driven bevel gear (312) is rotatably connected to the fixed ring (301), the driven bevel gear (312) is meshedly connected to the driving bevel gear (311), the driving gear (313) is fixedly connected to the driven bevel gear (312), a front limit block (314) is fixedly connected to the fixed ring (301), and a rear limit block (315) is fixedly connected to the crossbeam (302).

3. The rail passenger car air duct with airflow adaptive flow limiting function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross beam (302) is provided with a reset slide groove (316), the reset slider (506) is slidably connected in the reset slide groove (316), and the two ends of the reset spring (507) are respectively fixedly connected to the reset movable plate (504) and the wind shield plate (304).

4. The rail passenger car air duct with airflow adaptive flow limiting function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air duct body (1) comprises an air inlet pipe (101), a rear air duct (102), a fixing frame (103) and a fixing bracket (104); the fixing frame (103) is connected to the inside of the air inlet pipe (101); the fixing bracket (104) is fixedly connected to the inside of the rear air duct (102); the baffle (6) is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe (101); the rear air duct (102) is fixedly connected to the baffle (6); an air inlet (105) is provided at one end of the air inlet pipe (101); the diameter of the air inlet (105) is smaller than the diameter of the air inlet pipe (101).

5. The rail passenger car air duct with airflow adaptive flow limiting function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing ring (301) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (103).

6. The rail passenger car air duct with airflow adaptive flow limiting function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main shaft (501) is rotatably connected to the fixed bracket (104), and the two ends of the spiral spring (508) are respectively fixedly connected to the main shaft (501) and the fixed bracket (104).

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