A control method for a quasi-resonant switching element, an electronic device and a storage medium

Abstract

The present application provides a control method, electronic device and storage medium of a quasi-resonant switching element, and relates to the technical field of electronic power supply. The method includes: when the quasi-resonant mode of the switching power supply is turned on, a transformer connected to the quasi-resonant switching element is first monitored in real time to determine the demagnetization time of the transformer and the inductance current of the transformer; a load connected to the transformer is second monitored in real time to determine the power consumption of the load; a random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is determined according to the power consumption, and a random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough is determined according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time and the inductance current; and a switching control operation is performed on the quasi-resonant switching element according to the random switching frequency. The implementation of the technical solution of the present application solves the technical problem of poor electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply in the related art, and achieves the technical effect of improving the electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic power supplies, and in particular to a control method for a quasi-resonant switching element, an electronic device, and a storage medium. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic technology, the requirements for the stability, energy efficiency and electromagnetic compatibility of power systems are becoming increasingly higher. As the core component of electronic equipment, the switching power supply has become increasingly prominent in the electromagnetic interference caused by its operation. Since electromagnetic interference may affect the performance of electronic equipment and the health of users, how to effectively solve the electromagnetic interference problem in the switching power supply has become a top priority.

[0003] In the related technology, first, the switching power supply is preliminarily designed to determine its basic parameters and structure. On this basis, the electromagnetic interference level that the power supply may generate is evaluated through theoretical analysis. Then, according to the evaluation results, an appropriate filter is added to the input end of the power supply, such as a capacitor filter or an inductor filter, to reduce the interference signal from the power grid, effectively suppress the high-frequency noise entering the power supply, and reduce the intensity of the interference source. Then, the wiring design inside the power supply is optimized to reduce electromagnetic field coupling. Through reasonable layout, sensitive components are kept away from interference sources to reduce the mutual influence between sensitive components and interference sources. Finally, the power supply is tested as a whole to verify its electromagnetic compatibility. If it is found that the electromagnetic interference is still high, the parameters of the filter can be adjusted or the wiring design can be further optimized to improve electromagnetic compatibility.

[0004] However, using the above-mentioned approach, since the components in the switching power supply (for example, capacitor filters, inductor filters, etc.) operate at a fixed frequency, these components may resonate at the fixed frequency, resulting in a high level of electromagnetic noise at the fixed frequency. This electromagnetic noise may overlap with the frequency used by the load and / or other electronic devices connected to the switching power supply, thereby interfering with the load and / or other electronic devices, thereby resulting in poor electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply in the related art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a control method for a quasi-resonant switching element, an electronic device, and a storage medium for improving the electromagnetic compatibility of a switching power supply.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a control method for a quasi-resonant switching element, which is applied to the above-mentioned electronic device, the method comprising: when the quasi-resonant mode of the switching power supply is turned on, performing a first real-time monitoring on a transformer connected to the quasi-resonant switching element to determine the demagnetization time of the transformer and the inductance current of the transformer, wherein the demagnetization time is the time required for the inductance core of the transformer to change from a fully magnetized state to a fully demagnetized state in each switching cycle of the quasi-resonant switching element, the switching power supply comprises a quasi-resonant switching element and a transformer, the quasi-resonant switching element is used to perform an opening operation or a closing operation at a quasi-resonant trough, and the quasi-resonant trough is the trough of the quasi-resonant voltage waveform generated by the secondary side of the transformer; performing a second real-time monitoring on a load connected to the transformer to determine the power consumption of the load; determining a random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element based on the power consumption, and determining a random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough based on the random variation range, the demagnetization time and the inductance current; performing a switching control operation on the quasi-resonant switching element according to the random switching frequency.

[0007] In the above embodiment, in the quasi-resonant mode of the switching power supply, the transformer connected to the quasi-resonant switching element is first monitored in real time to determine the demagnetization time and the inductor current. The demagnetization time reflects the change in the magnetization state of the magnetic core in each switching cycle, and the inductor current provides key information about the internal state of the power supply. Through real-time monitoring, the internal state of the switching power supply can be more accurately understood, providing basic data for subsequent optimization, which is helpful to improve the efficiency and stability of the switching power supply. The load connected to the transformer is secondly monitored in real time to determine the power consumption of the load. Real-time monitoring of the power consumption of the load helps to dynamically adjust the switching frequency according to the load change to improve the electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply, thereby maintaining the stability of the power supply output. According to the power consumption obtained by real-time monitoring, the random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is determined. At the same time, the random switching frequency determined by combining the demagnetization time and the inductor current can be widened by the random switching frequency. The quasi-resonant trough (i.e., the time range) can be widened, so that the quasi-resonant switching element can choose to perform an opening operation or a closing operation in a wider time window, rather than performing an opening operation or a closing operation fixed at a specific time point, which can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference, thereby better adapting to the changes in the internal state of the switching power supply and improving the stability and efficiency of the switching power supply. The switching control operation is performed on the quasi-resonant switching element according to the random switching frequency, so that the switching power supply can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference, operate efficiently, and reduce energy loss under different load conditions. The switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is randomly adjusted by the dynamic changes caused by the load monitored in real time, so that the switching power supply can operate efficiently, stably and with low interference, thereby solving the technical problem of poor electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply in the related technology and achieving the technical effect of improving the electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply.

[0008] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is determined according to the power consumption, and the random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough is determined according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time, and the inductor current, specifically including: performing a first analysis on the power consumption to obtain a first analysis result; when the first analysis result shows that the power consumption is greater than a first preset power threshold, determining that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is in a first random variation range, wherein the random variation range includes the first random variation range; performing a second analysis on the demagnetization time and the inductor current to obtain a second analysis result; when the second analysis result shows that the demagnetization time is less than the first preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, determining the first switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough according to the first random variation range, wherein the random switching frequency includes the first switching frequency.

[0009] In the above embodiment, the purpose of the first analysis is to evaluate the power consumption of the current load. Through the first analysis, the current load state can be understood, providing a basis for subsequent frequency adjustment, and further ensuring that the switching power supply can maintain efficient operation under different load conditions. When the first analysis result shows that the power consumption is greater than the first preset power threshold, it is determined that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is in the first random variation range, that is, when the load is heavy, a wider random variation range can be determined to adjust the switching frequency. Through the wider first random variation range, the electromagnetic interference changes caused by the sudden changes in the load can be timely and effectively responded to, thereby improving the switching power supply's ability to reduce electromagnetic interference, and then maintaining the stability of the power supply output. The purpose of the second analysis is to further understand the internal state of the power supply, and to improve the adjustment accuracy of the switching frequency through the real-time information of the internal state of the power supply. When the second analysis result shows that the demagnetization time is less than the first preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, the first switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough is determined according to the first random variation range. The switching frequency is determined by the internal state condition, which can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference and achieve efficient and stable operation of the power supply. The switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is randomly adjusted according to the real-time load conditions to ensure the best electromagnetic compatibility under different load conditions.

[0010] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, a random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is determined according to the power consumption, and a random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at a quasi-resonant trough is determined according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time, and the inductor current, specifically including: performing a third analysis on the power consumption to obtain a third analysis result; when the third analysis result shows that the power consumption is less than or equal to the first preset power threshold and greater than or equal to the second preset power threshold, determining that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is in a second random variation range, wherein the random variation range includes the second random variation range; performing a fourth analysis on the demagnetization time and the inductor current to obtain a fourth analysis result; when the fourth analysis result shows that the demagnetization time is greater than or equal to the first preset demagnetization time and less than or equal to the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, determining a second switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough according to the second random variation range, wherein the random switching frequency includes the second switching frequency.

[0011] In the above embodiment, a third analysis is performed on the power consumption to determine the power consumption level of the current load. By understanding the power consumption of the load, the severity of the current load can be evaluated, providing a basis for subsequent frequency adjustment. When the third analysis result shows that the power consumption is between the first and second preset power thresholds, it is determined that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is in the second random variation range. Selecting an appropriate random variation range according to the actual situation of the load helps to reduce electromagnetic interference while maintaining the efficiency of the power supply and improve the stability of the power supply. A fourth analysis is performed on the demagnetization time and the inductor current to obtain detailed information on the internal state of the power supply to ensure that the adjustment of the switching frequency matches the internal state of the power supply. By analyzing the demagnetization time and the inductor current, the state of the magnetic core and the current inside the power supply can be understood, providing data support for the subsequent switching frequency adjustment. When the fourth analysis result shows that the demagnetization time and the inductor current meet the preset conditions, the second switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough is determined according to the second random variation range. According to the comprehensive analysis of the internal state of the power supply and the power consumption of the load, the optimal switching frequency can be determined to achieve the optimized operation of the switching power supply in the quasi-resonant mode, ensuring that the power supply can maintain efficient and stable output under different loads and internal states, further improving the overall performance of the power supply.

[0012] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is determined according to the power consumption, and the random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough is determined according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time, and the inductor current, specifically including: performing a fifth analysis on the power consumption to obtain a fifth analysis result; when the fifth analysis result shows that the power consumption is less than the second preset power threshold, determining that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is in a third random variation range, wherein the random variation range includes the third random variation range; performing a sixth analysis on the demagnetization time and the inductor current to obtain a sixth analysis result; when the sixth analysis result shows that the demagnetization time is greater than the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, determining the third switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough according to the third random variation range, wherein the random switching frequency includes the third switching frequency.

[0013] In the above embodiment, the purpose of the fifth analysis is to determine whether the power consumption of the current load is lower than the second preset power threshold. By analyzing the power consumption, it can be determined whether the current load is in a lighter state, so as to facilitate the subsequent determination of a suitable random variation range to optimize the electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply. When the fifth analysis result shows that the power consumption is lower than the second preset power threshold, it is determined that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is in the third random variation range, and then under light load conditions, the adjustment of the switching frequency can be ensured to be more flexible according to the third random variation range, thereby reducing unnecessary energy loss and improving power supply efficiency. The demagnetization time and the inductor current are analyzed for the sixth time to determine whether the internal state of the power supply meets specific conditions, so as to ensure that the adjustment of the switching frequency matches the actual state of the power supply. When the sixth analysis result shows that the demagnetization time exceeds the second preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, the third switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough is determined according to the third random variation range. When the specific internal state conditions are met, the third switching frequency can ensure that the power supply can achieve more efficient and stable operation under light load and low core loss conditions.

[0014] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, when the quasi-resonant mode of the switching power supply is turned on, a first real-time monitoring is performed on the transformer connected to the quasi-resonant switching element to determine the demagnetization time and the inductor current of the transformer, specifically including: a first real-time monitoring is performed on the primary side of the transformer to determine the current waveform of the primary side at different time points; a seventh analysis is performed on the current waveform to determine a first time point when the current waveform starts to decrease from the peak of the current waveform, and to determine a second time point when the current decreases from the peak to zero, wherein the first time point is the demagnetization start time point of the inductor core, and the second time point is the demagnetization end time point of the inductor core; the demagnetization time is determined according to the demagnetization start time point and the demagnetization end time point; the inductor current is determined according to the current waveform and the demagnetization time.

[0015] In the above embodiment, the real-time monitoring of the current waveform of the primary side of the transformer is to capture the dynamic changes of the current at different time points. Through real-time monitoring, continuous and dynamic current waveform data can be obtained, which ensures the real-time and accuracy of the data and helps to accurately understand the working state of the power supply. The purpose of the seventh analysis of the current waveform is to extract key time point information from the waveform, that is, the first time point when the current starts to drop from the peak and the second time point when the current drops to zero, and accurately determine the demagnetization start time and end time of the inductor core. The demagnetization time is calculated based on the demagnetization start time point and the demagnetization end time point. The demagnetization time is an important parameter for evaluating the performance of the inductor core. Accurate calculation of the demagnetization time helps to understand the working state of the core. The inductor current is determined in combination with the current waveform and the demagnetization time. The switching operation can be performed through the inductor current and the appropriate time to maintain high efficiency and low electromagnetic interference of the power supply.

[0016] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, a second real-time monitoring is performed on the load connected to the transformer to determine the power consumption of the load, specifically including: determining the output voltage and output current of the transformer, and determining the type of the load, wherein the output voltage is the voltage provided by the transformer to the load, the output current is the current provided by the transformer to the load, and the type is a classification of the electrical behavior of the load in the circuit; determining the power consumption based on the output voltage, output current and type.

[0017] In the above embodiment, the output voltage and output current of the transformer are measured. These two parameters directly reflect the power supply capacity of the power supply to the load. The output voltage is the voltage value provided by the power supply to the load through the transformer, and the output current is the current provided by the power supply to the load. By accurately measuring the output voltage and output current, it can be ensured that the power supply provides a stable power supply to the load. The type of load refers to the electrical behavior exhibited by the load in the circuit. Different load types (for example, resistive, inductive, capacitive, etc.) have different requirements and influences on the power supply. Therefore, by determining the type of load, the power consumption of the load can be calculated more accurately, which helps to predict the performance of the power supply under different working conditions, so as to take necessary measures in advance to ensure the stability and reliability of the power supply.

[0018] In combination with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, performing a switch control operation on a quasi-resonant switching element according to a random switching frequency includes at least one of the following: controlling the quasi-resonant switching element to perform a first switching operation in a first valley according to a first switching frequency, wherein the quasi-resonant valley includes the first valley, the switch control operation includes the first switching operation, and the first switching frequency is a random number of times that the quasi-resonant switching element performs the first switching operation in the first valley when the demagnetization time is less than the first preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold; controlling the quasi-resonant switching element to perform a second switching operation in a second valley according to a second switching frequency, wherein the quasi-resonant valley includes the second valley, the switch control operation includes the first switching operation, and the first switching frequency is a random number of times that the quasi-resonant switching element performs the first switching operation in the first valley when the demagnetization time is less than the first preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold. The switching control operation includes a second switching operation, and the second switching frequency is the random number of times that the quasi-resonant switching element performs the second switching operation in the second valley when the demagnetization time is greater than or equal to the first preset demagnetization time and less than or equal to the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold; the quasi-resonant switching element is controlled to perform a third switching operation in the third valley according to the third switching frequency, wherein the quasi-resonant valley includes the third valley, the switching control operation includes the third switching operation, and the third switching frequency is the random number of times that the quasi-resonant switching element performs the third switching operation in the third valley when the demagnetization time is greater than the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold.

[0019] In the above embodiment, when the demagnetization time is less than the first preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, the quasi-resonant switching element is randomly controlled to perform the first switching operation in the first valley according to the first switching frequency. The energy of the electromagnetic interference generated by the power supply under heavy load or high core loss state is diffused through the first switching operation, thereby ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility of the power supply under heavy load or high core loss state. In addition, by randomly adjusting the switching frequency to control the quasi-resonant switching element to perform the first switching operation in the first valley, the energy conversion process inside the power supply can be effectively managed, energy loss can be reduced, and overall performance can be improved. When the demagnetization time is between the first preset demagnetization time and the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, the quasi-resonant switching element is randomly controlled to perform a second switching operation in the second valley according to the second switching frequency. The energy of the electromagnetic interference generated by the power supply under medium load or medium core loss conditions is diffused through the second switching operation, thereby ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility of the power supply under medium load or medium core loss conditions. In addition, by randomly adjusting the switching frequency to control the quasi-resonant switching element to perform the second switching operation in the second valley, more sophisticated power management can be performed under medium load or medium core loss conditions to balance power efficiency and stability. When the demagnetization time exceeds the second preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, the quasi-resonant switching element is randomly controlled to perform a third switching operation in a third valley according to the third switching frequency. The energy of the electromagnetic interference generated by the power supply under a light load or low core loss state is diffused through the third switching operation, thereby ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility of the power supply under a light load or low core loss state. In addition, by randomly adjusting the switching frequency to control the quasi-resonant switching element to perform the third switching operation in the third valley, the switching frequency can be flexibly adjusted under a light load or low core loss state, thereby reducing unnecessary energy loss and improving power supply efficiency.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to enable the electronic device to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation method of the first aspect.

[0021] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on an electronic device, enables the electronic device to execute the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, comprising instructions. When the instructions are executed on an electronic device, the electronic device executes the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0023] It is understandable that the electronic device provided in the second aspect, the computer program product provided in the third aspect, and the computer storage medium provided in the fourth aspect are all used to execute the method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects in the corresponding method, which will not be repeated here.

[0024] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0025] 1. By randomly adjusting the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element according to the dynamic changes caused by the load monitored in real time, the switching power supply can operate efficiently, stably and with low interference, thereby solving the technical problem of poor electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply in the related technology and achieving the technical effect of improving the electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply.

[0026] 2. Randomly adjust the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element according to the real-time load conditions to ensure the best electromagnetic compatibility under different load conditions.

[0027] 3. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the internal state of the power supply and the power consumption of the load, the optimal switching frequency can be determined to achieve optimized operation of the switching power supply in quasi-resonant mode, ensuring that the power supply can maintain efficient and stable output under different loads and internal states, further improving the overall performance of the power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a control method of a quasi-resonant switching element in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a quasi-resonant switching element control circuit in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 is a principle block diagram of the feedback pin of the quasi-resonant control module in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a quasi-resonant valley of random number controlled switching frequency in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a physical device structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The terms used in the following embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be used as limitations to the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of the present application, the singular expressions "one", "a kind of", "said", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include plural expressions, unless there is a clear indication to the contrary in the context. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in the present application refers to any or all possible combinations comprising one or more listed items.

[0034] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as suggesting or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, and in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0035] The present application provides a control method for a quasi-resonant switching element, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 1 : is a flow chart of a control method of a quasi-resonant switching element in an embodiment of the present application, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Step S101, when the quasi-resonant mode of the switching power supply is turned on, a transformer connected to the quasi-resonant switch element is first monitored in real time to determine the demagnetization time of the transformer and the inductance current of the transformer, wherein the demagnetization time is the time required for the inductance core of the transformer to change from a fully magnetized state to a fully demagnetized state in each switching cycle of the quasi-resonant switch element, the switching power supply includes a quasi-resonant switch element and a transformer, the quasi-resonant switch element is used to perform a turn-on operation or a turn-off operation at a quasi-resonant trough, and the quasi-resonant trough is a trough of a quasi-resonant voltage waveform generated by a secondary side of the transformer;

[0037] Step S102, performing a second real-time monitoring on the load connected to the transformer to determine the power consumption of the load;

[0038] Step S103, determining a random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element according to the power consumption, and determining a random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at a quasi-resonant trough according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time, and the inductor current;

[0039] Step S104 , performing a switching control operation on the quasi-resonant switching element according to the random switching frequency.

[0040] In the above embodiments, the switching power supply can be a quasi-resonant power conversion device, and the types of switching power supplies include but are not limited to computer power supplies, server power supplies, industrial power supplies, communication power supplies, consumer electronic power supplies, etc., wherein the computer power supply can provide a stable and efficient power supply for various components inside the computer, the server power supply can provide a highly reliable and efficient power support for the server equipment, the industrial power supply can be used for power conversion in the fields of industrial automation, mechanical equipment, instrumentation, etc., the communication power supply can provide a stable and reliable power supply for communication equipment (for example, base stations, routers, switches, etc.), and the consumer electronic power supply can provide power for consumer electronic products such as televisions, stereos, and mobile phones. It should be noted that the above-mentioned example of the switching power supply is only an exemplary embodiment, and the above-mentioned switching power supply is not limited to the above-mentioned example.

[0041] In the above embodiments, the quasi-resonant switch element may be a plurality of different types of switch devices, which are used to perform an on or off operation according to a quasi-resonant valley in a switching power supply in a quasi-resonant mode, and the types of quasi-resonant switch elements include but are not limited to an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), a power metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), a thyristor, a gate-turn-off thyristor (GTO), a static induction thyristor (SIT), a solid-state relay (SSR), etc. It should be noted that the above-mentioned example of the quasi-resonant switch element is only an exemplary embodiment, and the above-mentioned quasi-resonant switch element is not limited to the above-mentioned example.

[0042] In the above embodiments, the second real-time monitoring method includes but is not limited to a power meter method, an electric energy meter method, a current and voltage sampling method, a resistance method, an intelligent instrument method, etc. Among them, the power meter method is to use a power meter (a specific power measurement device, etc., which is not limited here) to directly measure the voltage and current of the load, and calculate the power consumption. The electric energy meter method is to use an electric energy meter (for example, a single-phase electric energy meter, a three-phase electric energy meter, etc., which are not limited here) to monitor the total electric energy consumption of the load. Through the integration, the electric energy meter can be used for long-term electric energy measurement, but can also be used for real-time monitoring. The current and voltage sampling method is to use a current sensor and a voltage sensor to collect the current and voltage signals of the load in real time, and obtain the power consumption through signal processing and calculation. The resistance method is that for some loads with known resistance (i.e., a specific type of load), the power consumption can be calculated by measuring the voltage across the load and the current flowing through the load. The intelligent instrument method is to use an intelligent meter or an intelligent energy management system to monitor the power consumption of the load in real time. It should be noted that the example of the above-mentioned second real-time monitoring method is only an exemplary embodiment. In actual applications, the implementation of the second real-time monitoring also needs to comprehensively consider multiple factors such as load type, accuracy requirements, cost budget and actual application scenarios. Therefore, the above-mentioned second real-time monitoring method is not limited to the above-mentioned example.

[0043] In the above embodiments, the second real-time monitoring method includes but is not limited to a power meter method, an electric energy meter method, a current and voltage sampling method, a resistance method, an intelligent instrument method, etc. Among them, the power meter method is to use a power meter (a specific power measurement device, etc., which is not limited here) to directly measure the voltage and current of the load, and calculate the power consumption. The electric energy meter method is to use an electric energy meter (for example, a single-phase electric energy meter, a three-phase electric energy meter, etc., which are not limited here) to monitor the total electric energy consumption of the load. Through the integration, the electric energy meter can be used for long-term electric energy measurement, but can also be used for real-time monitoring. The current and voltage sampling method is to use a current sensor and a voltage sensor to collect the current and voltage signals of the load in real time, and obtain the power consumption through signal processing and calculation. The resistance method is that for some loads with known resistance (i.e., a specific type of load), the power consumption can be calculated by measuring the voltage across the load and the current flowing through the load. The intelligent instrument method is to use an intelligent meter or an intelligent energy management system to monitor the power consumption of the load in real time. It should be noted that the example of the above-mentioned second real-time monitoring method is only an exemplary embodiment. In actual applications, the implementation of the second real-time monitoring also needs to comprehensively consider multiple factors such as load type, accuracy requirements, cost budget and actual application scenarios. Therefore, the above-mentioned second real-time monitoring method is not limited to the above-mentioned example.

[0044] Through the above steps, in the quasi-resonant mode of the switching power supply, the transformer connected to the quasi-resonant switching element is first monitored in real time to determine the demagnetization time and the inductor current. The demagnetization time reflects the change in the magnetization state of the magnetic core in each switching cycle, and the inductor current provides key information about the internal state of the power supply. Through real-time monitoring, the internal state of the switching power supply can be more accurately understood, providing basic data for subsequent optimization, which is helpful to improve the efficiency and stability of the switching power supply. The load connected to the transformer is secondly monitored in real time to determine the power consumption of the load. Real-time monitoring of the power consumption of the load helps to dynamically adjust the switching frequency according to the load change to improve the electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply, thereby maintaining the stability of the power supply output. According to the power consumption obtained by real-time monitoring, the random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is determined. At the same time, the random switching frequency determined by the demagnetization time and the inductor current can be used to widen the quasi-resonant trough (i.e., the time range), so that the quasi-resonant switching element can choose to perform an opening operation or a closing operation in a wider time window, rather than performing an opening operation or a closing operation fixed at a specific time point, which can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference, thereby better adapting to the changes in the internal state of the switching power supply and improving the stability and efficiency of the switching power supply. The switching control operation is performed on the quasi-resonant switching element according to the random switching frequency, so that the switching power supply can effectively reduce electromagnetic interference, operate efficiently, and reduce energy loss under different load conditions. The switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is randomly adjusted by the dynamic changes caused by the load monitored in real time, so that the switching power supply can operate efficiently, stably and with low interference, thereby solving the technical problem of poor electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply in the related technology and achieving the technical effect of improving the electromagnetic compatibility of the switching power supply.

[0045] Among them, the execution subject of the above steps can be a system, for example, a quasi-resonant control system, or a control device, for example, a quasi-resonant (Quasi Resonant, referred to as QR) control device, or a processing device, or a quasi-resonant controller embedded in a switching power supply or a quasi-resonant controller external to the switching power supply, but is not limited to this.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, a random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is determined according to the power consumption, and a random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at a quasi-resonant trough is determined according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time, and the inductor current, specifically including: performing a first analysis on the power consumption to obtain a first analysis result; when the first analysis result shows that the power consumption is greater than a first preset power threshold, determining that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is within a first random variation range, wherein the random variation range includes the first random variation range; performing a second analysis on the demagnetization time and the inductor current to obtain a second analysis result; when the second analysis result shows that the demagnetization time is less than the first preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, determining a first switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough according to the first random variation range, wherein the random switching frequency includes the first switching frequency.

[0047] In the above embodiment, it is assumed that an electric vehicle charging power supply includes a quasi-resonant switch element for controlling the charging power. In order to ensure the charging efficiency and equipment safety, it is necessary to adjust the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switch element according to real-time data. The specific implementation steps are as follows: use a power meter to measure the real-time power of the load connected to the quasi-resonant switch element connected to the charging station, set the first preset power threshold to P1, continuously monitor the power consumption for a period of time, and calculate the average power consumption. If the average power consumption is greater than P1, it means that the current charging power is too high and needs to be adjusted. When the power consumption exceeds P1, in order to ensure the charging efficiency and equipment safety, it is necessary to adjust the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switch element, and determine a first random variation range. This range contains a series of possible frequency values. These frequency values ​​can be pre-set according to the equipment characteristics and charging requirements, or they can be set in real time according to the real-time status of the equipment. Use an oscilloscope or related measuring equipment to monitor the demagnetization time and inductance current of the inductor core of the transformer in the electric vehicle charging power supply in real time, set the first preset demagnetization time to T1, and set an inductance current threshold I at the same time. After monitoring that the demagnetization of the inductor core is completed, determine the time required for the inductor core to change from a fully magnetized state to a fully demagnetized state (i.e., the demagnetization time), and determine the current inductor current. If the demagnetization time is less than T1, and the inductor current is equal to I, a specific random switching frequency can be selected from the first random variation range as the first switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough. Adjust the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element to the selected first switching frequency, repeat the above steps, and continuously monitor and adjust to ensure charging efficiency and equipment safety. It should be noted that in actual applications, the specific values ​​of P1, T1, and I need to be set according to the specifications of the charging station and the quasi-resonant switching element, and the selection of the random variation range should be based on the safety and charging efficiency requirements of the equipment. When adjusting the switching frequency, it is also necessary to ensure that the selected first switching frequency will not cause damage to the equipment or interrupt charging. By implementing the above steps, the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is adjusted based on real-time analysis of power consumption, demagnetization time, and inductor current, which can effectively improve the electromagnetic compatibility and stability of the electric vehicle charging power supply.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, a random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is determined according to the power consumption, and a random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at a quasi-resonant trough is determined according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time, and the inductor current, specifically including: performing a third analysis on the power consumption to obtain a third analysis result; when the third analysis result shows that the power consumption is less than or equal to a first preset power threshold and greater than or equal to a second preset power threshold, determining that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is in a second random variation range, wherein the random variation range includes the second random variation range; performing a fourth analysis on the demagnetization time and the inductor current to obtain a fourth analysis result; when the fourth analysis result shows that the demagnetization time is greater than or equal to the first preset demagnetization time and less than or equal to the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, determining a second switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough according to the second random variation range, wherein the random switching frequency includes the second switching frequency.

[0049] In the above embodiments, it is assumed that a power management system includes a quasi-resonant switching element. To optimize the efficiency and stability of the power management system, it is necessary to adjust the operating frequency of the switching element according to real-time data. The specific implementation steps are as follows. Use a power meter or power analyzer to perform real-time power measurement on the load connected to the quasi-resonant switching element in the power management system. Set two power thresholds, that is, the first preset power threshold is P1, and the second preset power threshold is P2 (P1 < P2). Record the consumed power in real time and calculate the average consumed power. If the average consumed power is between P1 and P1, it means that the current operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is appropriate, but the electromagnetic compatibility of the power management system is not strong enough. In this case, it is determined that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element still needs further adjustment, and it is determined that the operating frequency varies within a second random variation range. The second random variation range can be a set of predefined frequency values or frequency ranges, or a set of frequency values or frequency ranges can be determined in real time according to the real-time measured power. Use an oscilloscope or related measurement equipment to monitor the demagnetization time and inductance current of the inductance core of the transformer in the power management system in real time. Set two demagnetization time thresholds, that is, the first preset demagnetization time is T1, and the second preset demagnetization time is T2 (T1 < T2). At the same time, set an inductance current threshold I. After monitoring that the demagnetization of the inductance core is completed, determine the time required for the inductance core to change from the fully magnetized state to the fully demagnetized state (i.e., the demagnetization time), and at the same time determine the current inductance current. Judge whether the demagnetization time is between T1 and T2 and whether the inductance current is equal to the preset inductance current threshold I. If the demagnetization time is between T1 and T2 and the inductance current is equal to the preset inductance current threshold I, a specific random switching frequency can be selected from the second random variation range as the second switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant valley. Adjust the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element to the selected second switching frequency. Repeat the above steps, continuously monitor and adjust to ensure that the performance of the power management system is in an optimal state. It should be noted that in practical applications, the power thresholds P1, P2, the demagnetization time thresholds T1, T2, and the inductance current threshold I need to be set according to the specific circuit and component characteristics, etc. The selection of the random variation range should be based on the stability requirements and efficiency optimization goals of the circuit. When adjusting the switching frequency, it is necessary to ensure that the adjusted second switching frequency will not cause the instability or damage of the circuit. By implementing the above steps, based on real-time monitoring and conditional judgment, the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element can be accurately and dynamically adjusted, which can effectively improve the electromagnetic compatibility and stability of the power management system.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, a random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is determined according to the power consumption, and a random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at a quasi-resonant trough is determined according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time, and the inductor current, specifically including: performing a fifth analysis on the power consumption to obtain a fifth analysis result; when the fifth analysis result shows that the power consumption is less than the second preset power threshold, determining that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is within a third random variation range, wherein the random variation range includes the third random variation range; performing a sixth analysis on the demagnetization time and the inductor current to obtain a sixth analysis result; when the sixth analysis result shows that the demagnetization time is greater than the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, determining a third switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough according to the third random variation range, wherein the random switching frequency includes the third switching frequency.

[0051] In the above embodiment, it is assumed that a wind power generation system includes a quasi-resonant switch element for controlling the energy conversion efficiency. In order to ensure the efficient operation of the wind power generation system and prevent the equipment from being overloaded, it is necessary to adjust the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switch element according to the real-time data. The specific implementation steps are as follows: a power meter is used to measure the real-time power of the load connected to the quasi-resonant switch element in the wind power generation system, and the second preset power threshold is set to P2. The power consumption within a period of time is continuously monitored, and the average power consumption is calculated. If the average power consumption is less than P2, it means that the load may be subjected to electromagnetic interference, resulting in low energy conversion efficiency, and the electromagnetic compatibility of the wind power generation system needs to be improved. When the power consumption is lower than P2, in order to improve the electromagnetic compatibility of the wind power generation system, it is necessary to adjust the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switch element. It is determined that the operating frequency changes within a third random variation range. The third random variation range can be a set of predefined frequency values ​​or frequency ranges. These frequency values ​​are pre-set according to the equipment characteristics and wind conditions, and can also be set in real time according to the real-time measured power. Using an oscilloscope or related measuring equipment, the demagnetization time and inductor current of the transformer in the power management system are monitored in real time, and the second preset demagnetization time is set to T2, and an inductor current threshold I is set at the same time, representing an ideal inductor current value. After monitoring that the demagnetization of the inductor core is completed, the time required for the inductor core to change from a fully magnetized state to a fully demagnetized state (i.e., the demagnetization time) is determined, and the current inductor current is determined at the same time. If the demagnetization time is greater than T2 and the inductor current is equal to I, a specific random switching frequency can be selected from the third random variation range as the third switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough. The operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is adjusted to the selected third switching frequency. Repeat the above steps, continuously monitor and adjust to ensure that the energy conversion efficiency and equipment utilization of the wind power generation system are optimized. It should be noted that in practical applications, the specific values ​​of P2, T2 and I need to be set according to the specifications of the wind power generation system and the quasi-resonant switching element, and the selection of the random variation range should be based on the optimization goals of the system's energy conversion efficiency and equipment utilization. When adjusting the switching frequency, it is necessary to ensure that the third switching frequency does not cause equipment overload or performance degradation. By implementing the above steps, based on real-time monitoring and condition judgment, the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element can be accurately and dynamically adjusted, which can effectively improve the electromagnetic compatibility and stability of the wind power generation system.

[0052] In an optional embodiment, when the quasi-resonant mode of the switching power supply is turned on, a first real-time monitoring is performed on the transformer connected to the quasi-resonant switching element to determine the demagnetization time and the inductor current of the transformer, specifically including: a first real-time monitoring is performed on the primary side of the transformer to determine the current waveform of the primary side at different time points; a seventh analysis is performed on the current waveform to determine a first time point when the current waveform starts to decrease from the peak, and to determine a second time point when the current decreases from the peak to zero, wherein the first time point is the demagnetization start time point of the inductor core, and the second time point is the demagnetization end time point of the inductor core; the demagnetization time is determined according to the demagnetization start time point and the demagnetization end time point; the inductor current is determined according to the current waveform and the demagnetization time.

[0053] In the above embodiment, in the power system, the transformer is a key component used to adjust the voltage level to meet the needs of different devices. In order to optimize the performance of the transformer and ensure its reliable operation, the primary current of the transformer needs to be monitored and analyzed in real time. The specific implementation steps are as follows: Use a high-precision current sensor to monitor the primary side of the transformer in real time to capture the waveform of the current changing over time, set a sufficiently high sampling rate to ensure that the rapid changes of the current waveform can be accurately captured, and continue to monitor in real time to obtain enough sampling points for subsequent analysis. Analyze the current waveform data obtained by real-time monitoring, use signal processing technology (for example, Fourier transform, wavelet analysis, etc., not limited here) to extract the characteristics of the current waveform, determine the peak of the current waveform, that is, the point where the current reaches the maximum value, identify the first time point from the peak to the beginning of the decline, this point marks the beginning of the demagnetization process of the inductor core, continue to analyze the waveform, and determine the second time point when the current drops from the peak to zero, this point marks the end of the demagnetization process of the inductor core. Calculate the first time point and the second time point to obtain a time period (i.e., demagnetization time), which represents the time required for the inductor core to complete demagnetization. By combining the current waveform and demagnetization time, the relevant parameters of the inductor current (for example, peak value, average value, effective value, etc., which are not limited here) can be determined. By analyzing the current waveform, the change of the inductor current during the demagnetization process can be understood, such as the current change rate, fluctuation range, etc. Based on the analysis results of the demagnetization time and the inductor current, the operating status of the transformer can be evaluated. If it is found that the demagnetization time is too long or the inductor current is abnormal, timely measures can be taken to adjust or maintain it to avoid transformer failure or performance degradation.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, a second real-time monitoring is performed on the load connected to the transformer to determine the power consumption of the load, specifically including: determining the output voltage and output current of the transformer, and determining the type of the load, wherein the output voltage is the voltage provided by the transformer to the load, the output current is the current provided by the transformer to the load, and the type is a classification of the electrical behavior of the load in the circuit; the power consumption is determined based on the output voltage, output current and type.

[0055] In the above embodiment, it is assumed that in an electric power system, a transformer is used to convert a high voltage into a low voltage to supply different loads. In order to ensure the stable operation of the electric power system, it is necessary to determine the output voltage and output current of the transformer, as well as the type of load, and then calculate the power consumption. The output voltage and output current of the transformer are measured by a voltmeter and an ammeter respectively, and the accuracy and calibration of the measuring equipment are ensured to obtain accurate voltage and current values, and the voltage and current data at different time points are recorded to analyze the changes in the load and the stability of the electric power system. The electrical behavior of the load in the circuit is analyzed and classified according to its characteristics. The load types include but are not limited to resistive loads, inductive loads, and capacitive loads. The type of load can be further determined by tools such as a power factor meter or an oscilloscope. These tools can provide information about the phase angle, power factor, etc. of the load, which is helpful for accurate classification. According to the measured output voltage, output current, and load type, the power consumption is calculated using an appropriate formula. By monitoring the output voltage, output current, and load type in real time and calculating the power consumption, problems in the electric power system, such as overload, short circuit, and electromagnetic interference, can be discovered in a timely manner. By implementing the above steps, the output voltage, output current and load type of the transformer are determined, and the consumed power is calculated, which provides an important basis for the effective management and optimization of the power system.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, performing a switch control operation on a quasi-resonant switching element according to a random switching frequency includes at least one of the following: controlling the quasi-resonant switching element to perform a first switch operation in a first valley according to a first switching frequency, wherein the quasi-resonant valley includes the first valley, the switch control operation includes the first switch operation, and the first switching frequency is a random number of times that the quasi-resonant switching element performs the first switch operation in the first valley when the demagnetization time is less than the first preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold; controlling the quasi-resonant switching element to perform a second switch operation in a second valley according to a second switching frequency, wherein the quasi-resonant valley includes the second valley, and the switch control operation includes the first switch operation. Including a second switching operation, the second switching frequency is the random number of times the quasi-resonant switching element performs the second switching operation in the second valley when the demagnetization time is greater than or equal to the first preset demagnetization time and less than or equal to the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold; controlling the quasi-resonant switching element to perform a third switching operation in the third valley according to the third switching frequency, wherein the quasi-resonant valley includes the third valley, the switching control operation includes the third switching operation, and the third switching frequency is the random number of times the quasi-resonant switching element performs the third switching operation in the third valley when the demagnetization time is greater than the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold.

[0057] In the above embodiment, it is assumed that an electric vehicle charger may generate electromagnetic interference when working, affecting the surrounding electronic equipment. In order to reduce this interference, it is necessary to control the quasi-resonant switching element in the electric vehicle charger according to the random switching frequency. The specific implementation steps are as follows: the demagnetization time and inductor current of the charger are monitored in real time by a sensor to ensure the accuracy and response speed of the monitoring equipment to accurately capture the changes in the demagnetization time and inductor current. According to the specifications and performance requirements of the electric vehicle charger, the first preset demagnetization time and the second preset demagnetization time are set, and the inductor current threshold is set. The value is used to determine whether the inductor current reaches a suitable charging state. According to the real-time monitored demagnetization time and inductor current data, it is determined which switching frequency should be used at present. When the demagnetization time is less than the first preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, the first switching frequency is determined. When the demagnetization time is between the first preset demagnetization time and the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, the second switching frequency is determined. When the demagnetization time is greater than the second preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, the third switching frequency is determined. According to the determined switching frequency, the quasi-resonant switching element is randomly controlled to perform switching operations at the first trough, the second trough or the third trough. The random number can be determined according to the specific switching frequency and preset rules, or according to the real-time status of the electric vehicle charger and the load (e.g., electric vehicle, etc.) connected to the electric vehicle charger, so as to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference. According to the measurement results of electromagnetic interference and the requirements of charging efficiency, the switching control strategy is continuously optimized, the switching frequency and the random number are adjusted, and the impact of different switching control strategies on electromagnetic interference and charging efficiency can be evaluated through experiments and simulations to find the optimal solution. By applying the random switching frequency control strategy in the electric vehicle charger, the electromagnetic interference generated by the quasi-resonant switching element can be effectively reduced, the surrounding electronic equipment can be protected from interference, and the charging efficiency can be improved. It should be noted that the determination of the random switching frequency and the optimization of the switching control strategy should be based on the actual application scenario and equipment specifications to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the control operation. At the same time, it is necessary to continuously monitor the level of electromagnetic interference and adjust the switching control strategy as needed to adapt to different charging requirements and environmental conditions.

[0058] Obviously, the above-described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0059] The present application embodiment provides a quasi-resonant switch element control circuit, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a quasi-resonant switch element control circuit in an embodiment of the present application, the circuit comprising:

[0060] Rectification and filtering module:

[0061] The AC input (ACIN for short) is the power input of the circuit and is responsible for receiving external AC power.

[0062] Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) filter is connected after the AC input terminal to reduce the impact of electromagnetic interference, prevent external electromagnetic noise from entering the circuit, and suppress the electromagnetic interference generated by the circuit from propagating to the outside.

[0063] The bridge rectifier circuit converts AC power into pulsating DC power. The bridge rectifier circuit consists of four diodes and can convert both the positive and negative half cycles of the AC power into positive pulsating DC voltage.

[0064] The capacitor, connected to the output of the bridge rectifier circuit, is used to smooth the pulsating DC power supply, reduce ripple, and make the output voltage more stable.

[0065] Transformer module:

[0066] The primary side, connected to the output end of the rectifier and filter module, is the input end of the transformer. The primary side usually includes an inductor, a diode and a parallel RC (i.e. parallel resistor and capacitor) circuit, which is used to limit current, stabilize voltage and filter high-frequency noise.

[0067] Secondary side: It is the output end of the transformer, connected to the DC output end and the right end of the feedback module. The secondary side includes inductors, diodes and parallel capacitors, which are used to stabilize the output voltage, prevent reverse current, and filter out high-frequency noise.

[0068] Quasi-resonant (QR) control module:

[0069] The random number generator is used to randomly adjust the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element. In addition, the random number generator can be embedded in the quasi-resonant control module or external to the quasi-resonant control module, etc., which is not limited here.

[0070] The high voltage input pin (High Voltage Inpu, referred to as HV) is connected to the output end of the rectifier and filter module and is used to monitor the input voltage.

[0071] The gate control signal input pin (Gate Control Signal Input, referred to as GATE for short) is connected to the gate of the switch tube (corresponding to the above-mentioned quasi-resonant switch element) and is used to control the on and off of the switch tube, thereby adjusting the output voltage.

[0072] The current detection pin (Current Sense, CS for short) is connected to the source of the switch tube and is used to monitor the current and implement functions such as overcurrent protection.

[0073] The GND pin is the ground pin of the QR control module, which is used to provide the circuit reference ground potential. The GND pin is usually connected to the ground wire of the circuit to ensure that the ground potential of the QR control module is consistent with that of the entire circuit. In addition, all low-level signals and reference voltages inside the QR control module can be defined relative to the GND pin.

[0074] The VCC pin is the main power pin of the QR control module, which is used to provide the operating voltage for the QR control module. The VCC pin is usually connected to an auxiliary voltage source or other suitable DC power supply to ensure the normal operation of the QR control module. The normal operation of the QR control module depends on the stable voltage provided by the VCC pin.

[0075] The feedback (FB) pin is used to receive the feedback signal from the feedback module. The FB pin is usually connected to the output of the feedback module to receive the feedback signal. The feedback signal reflects the state of the output voltage. The QR control module adjusts the output voltage by monitoring this feedback signal to achieve closed-loop control. The QR control module will adjust the output of the GATE pin based on the comparison result between the feedback signal and the reference voltage, thereby controlling the on and off of the switch tube and maintaining the stability of the output voltage.

[0076] Auxiliary voltage source (Vaux) provides operating voltage for the QR control module.

[0077] The pin connected to the feedback module is used to receive the feedback signal to achieve closed-loop control and ensure the stability and accuracy of the output voltage.

[0078] Feedback module:

[0079] The transistor is used to amplify the feedback signal so that it can be recognized and processed by the QR control module.

[0080] Light-emitting diodes, commonly used as status indicators, emit light when a circuit is functioning properly.

[0081] Inductors, capacitors, and Zener diodes are used to stabilize feedback signals, prevent noise interference, and protect circuits from abnormal conditions such as overvoltage.

[0082] The right end of the feedback module is connected to the secondary side of the transformer module to monitor the output voltage in real time and feed it back to the QR control module to achieve closed-loop control.

[0083] In summary, the quasi-resonant switching element control circuit converts the AC power supply into a pulsating DC power supply through the rectifier and filter module, and then realizes voltage regulation and stabilization through the transformer module and the QR control module. The feedback module is used to monitor the output voltage in real time and feed it back to the QR control module to ensure the stability and accuracy of the output voltage. The modules cooperate with each other through specific connection relationships to jointly realize the overall function of the circuit.

[0084] Figure 3 is a principle block diagram of the feedback pin of the quasi-resonant control module in the embodiment of the present application, see Figure 3 , the working principle of the feedback pin is described as follows:

[0085] (1) The FB pin is the feedback pin of the QR module, which is used to receive the feedback signal from the circuit output voltage. This feedback signal reflects the actual value of the output voltage and is the key to the QR module regulating the output voltage.

[0086] (2) The resistor and inductor are connected to the left end of the FB pin to form a filter circuit used to reduce noise on the power line or smooth the current waveform.

[0087] (3) The FB pin transmits the detected valley point signal to the random number generator, which uses the valley point signal to control the driver circuit (ie, Driver) to output a width modulated pulse to randomly control the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element.

[0088] (4) A random generator is set in the QR controller to randomly control the switching frequency of the switch tube, which can further optimize the performance and reliability of the circuit. The relationship between the random generator and the above modules is as follows:

[0089] The relationship with the rectifier and filter module is that the rectifier and filter module provides a stable DC input voltage for the QR controller. The random generator works in the QR controller to generate a random frequency signal, which is used to control the switching frequency of the switch tube. Since the switching frequency is random, it helps to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) and electromagnetic noise, because these interferences and noises are usually most obvious at fixed frequencies.

[0090] The relationship with the transformer module is that the transformer module is responsible for converting the voltage output by the QR controller to the required output voltage. Randomly controlling the switching frequency of the switch tube means that the working conditions to which the transformer module is subjected also change randomly. This helps to average the load of the transformer module, reduce hot spots and stress, and thus extend its service life.

[0091] The relationship with the QR control module is that the QR control module is the core of the circuit and is responsible for monitoring and adjusting the output voltage. Through the random frequency signal generated by the random generator, the QR control module can more flexibly control the on and off of the switch tube to maintain the stability of the output voltage. This randomness also enables the QR control module to better cope with sudden load changes and improve the response speed and stability of the system.

[0092] The relationship with the feedback module is that the feedback module is responsible for monitoring the output voltage and feeding it back to the QR control module. By comparing the feedback signal with the reference voltage, the QR control module adjusts the switching frequency of the switch tube to maintain the stability of the output voltage. Since the switching frequency is random, the feedback module needs to be able to handle this change and ensure the accuracy and timeliness of its feedback signal.

[0093] In summary, the role of the random generator in the QR controller is to optimize the performance and reliability of the circuit by randomly controlling the switching frequency of the switch tube. It is closely related to the rectifier filter module, transformer module, QR control module and feedback module, and they work together to achieve efficient, stable and reliable operation of the circuit.

[0094] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a quasi-resonant trough of random number control switching frequency in the embodiment of the present application, see Figure 4 In the quasi-resonant mode of the switching power supply, N is, the GATE waveform is the driving signal output to the gate of the switch tube. The rising and falling edges of the GATE waveform control the conduction and cutoff of the switch tube, thereby controlling the energy transfer to the transformer and the load. V D The waveform is the voltage waveform of the drain of the switch tube. In QR mode, V D The waveform includes demagnetization wave and resonance wave. N is the number of times the switch is turned on. For example, when N=2, the switch is turned on twice at the current frequency. When N=3, the switch is turned on three times at the current frequency. When N=4, the switch is turned on four times at the current frequency, and so on. The demagnetization wave occurs when the magnetic energy of the transformer is released, which is expressed as V D The voltage in the waveform drops and then enters an underdamped resonance, where the voltage and current oscillate naturally. P The waveform is the current waveform flowing through the primary side of the transformer (i.e., the primary side). This current waveform increases during the on-time of the switch tube and decreases after the switch tube is turned off. In the demagnetization stage, the current drops to zero. S The waveform is the current waveform flowing through the secondary side (i.e., the secondary side) of the transformer, which is different from the primary side current I PRelated, but there is usually a transformer ratio conversion, and it may be smoother due to the rectification and filtering on the secondary side. Tonp is the time when the switch tube is turned on, that is, the time when the GATE signal is at a high level. During this time, energy is stored in the core of the transformer. Tons is the conduction time of the secondary side of the transformer, that is, the time when energy is transferred from the transformer to the output load. This time period may not be easy to observe directly because it involves the rectifier and filtering circuit on the secondary side. Tdie is the interval between the time when the switch tube is turned off and the next time it is turned on. During this time period, all switching devices are in the off state and no energy is transferred. The appropriate Tdie time can prevent the switch tube and the synchronous rectifier from being turned on at the same time to prevent short circuit. Tsw is the duration of the entire switching cycle, including the turn-on time of the switch tube, the Tdie time, and the resonance and demagnetization time after the switch tube is turned off. The switching cycle determines the switching frequency of the converter. In a QR mode switching power supply, by monitoring the above parameters (e.g., Tonp time, Tons time, Tdie time, etc.) and current and voltage waveforms, the switching frequency can be adjusted to optimize efficiency, reduce EMI, and improve the response to load and line changes. In particular, the QR mode turns on the switch tube immediately after the transformer is demagnetized, uses the resonant characteristics to reduce switching losses, and randomly switches the switch tube at zero current or near zero current, thereby reducing switching noise and EMI.

[0095] Through the embodiment of the present application, the FB pin is connected to the random number generator so that the switching frequency of the switch tube changes randomly within a certain range to reduce the amplitude and frequency of electromagnetic interference and improve the electromagnetic compatibility of the power supply. A fixed-frequency switching power supply is prone to generate strong electromagnetic interference at a specific frequency. By introducing a random number generator, the switching frequency becomes unpredictable, thereby effectively reducing the possibility of generating fixed-frequency EMI. Randomly adjusting the switching frequency also helps to improve the stability of the power supply. Since the switching frequency is constantly changing, the power supply will not be under any single stress condition for a long time, thereby reducing the risk of potential problems such as overheating and overload.

[0096] The electronic device in the embodiment of the present invention is described below from the perspective of hardware processing. Figure 5 , Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a physical device structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application.

[0097] It should be noted that Figure 5 The structure of the electronic device shown is only an example and should not bring any limitation to the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0098] like Figure 5As shown, the electronic device includes a central processing unit (CPU) 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 502 or the program loaded from the storage part 508 to the random access memory (RAM) 503, such as executing the method described in the above embodiment. In RAM 503, various programs and data required for system operation are also stored. CPU 501, ROM 502 and RAM 503 are connected to each other through bus 504. Input / output (I / O) interface 505 is also connected to bus 504.

[0099] The following components are connected to the I / O interface 505: an input section 506 including an audio input device, a button switch, etc.; an output section 507 including a liquid crystal display (LCD) and an audio output device, an indicator light, etc.; a storage section 508 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 509 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card, a modem, etc. The communication section 509 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 510 is also connected to the I / O interface 505 as needed. A removable medium 511, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on the drive 510 as needed so that a computer program read therefrom is installed into the storage section 508 as needed.

[0100] In particular, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present invention includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program includes a computer program for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network through a communication section 509, and / or installed from a removable medium 511. When the computer program is executed by a central processing unit (CPU) 501, various functions defined in the present invention are performed.

[0101] It should be noted that specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that may be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0102] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, functions and operations of the systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. Each box in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a part of a code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment, or a part of a code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box may also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings.

[0103] Specifically, the electronic device of this embodiment includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, the control method of the quasi-resonant switching element provided in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0104] As another aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiment; or may exist independently without being assembled into the electronic device. The above storage medium carries one or more computer programs, and when the above one or more computer programs are executed by a processor of the electronic device, the electronic device implements the control method of the quasi-resonant switching element provided in the above embodiment.

[0105] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0106] Those skilled in the art can understand that to implement all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments, the processes can be completed by computer programs to instruct related hardware, and the programs can be stored in computer-readable storage media. When the programs are executed, they can include the processes of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The aforementioned storage media include: ROM or random access memory RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

Claims

1. A control method for a quasi-resonant switching element, characterized in that: include: In the case where the quasi-resonant mode of the switching power supply is turned on, a transformer connected to the quasi-resonant switch element is first monitored in real time to determine the demagnetization time and the inductance current of the transformer, wherein the demagnetization time is the time required for the inductance core of the transformer to change from a fully magnetized state to a fully demagnetized state in each switching cycle of the quasi-resonant switch element, the switching power supply comprises the quasi-resonant switch element and the transformer, the quasi-resonant switch element is used to perform a turn-on operation or a turn-off operation at a quasi-resonant trough, and the quasi-resonant trough is a trough of the quasi-resonant voltage waveform generated by the secondary side of the transformer; Performing a second real-time monitoring on a load connected to the transformer to determine the power consumption of the load; Determine a random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element according to the power consumption, and determine a random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant valley according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time, and the inductor current; performing a switching control operation on the quasi-resonant switching element according to the random switching frequency; The step of determining a random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element according to the power consumption, and determining a random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time, and the inductor current, specifically includes: Performing a first analysis on the power consumption to obtain a first analysis result; When the first analysis result shows that the power consumption is greater than a first preset power threshold, determining that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is within a first random variation range, wherein the random variation range includes the first random variation range; Performing a second analysis on the demagnetization time and the inductor current to obtain a second analysis result; When the second analysis result shows that the demagnetization time is less than the first preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, determining the first switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant wave valley according to the first random variation range, wherein the random switching frequency includes the first switching frequency; The step of determining a random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element according to the power consumption, and determining a random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time, and the inductor current, specifically includes: performing a third analysis on the power consumption to obtain a third analysis result; When the third analysis result shows that the consumed power is less than or equal to the first preset power threshold and greater than or equal to the second preset power threshold, determining that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is within a second random variation range, wherein the random variation range includes the second random variation range; performing a fourth analysis on the demagnetization time and the inductor current to obtain a fourth analysis result; When the fourth analysis result shows that the demagnetization time is greater than or equal to the first preset demagnetization time and less than or equal to the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, determining the second switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant wave valley according to the second random variation range, wherein the random switching frequency includes the second switching frequency; The step of determining a random variation range of the switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element according to the power consumption, and determining a random switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant trough according to the random variation range, the demagnetization time, and the inductor current, specifically includes: performing a fifth analysis on the power consumption to obtain a fifth analysis result; When the fifth analysis result shows that the power consumption is less than the second preset power threshold, determining that the operating frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element is within a third random variation range, wherein the random variation range includes the third random variation range; Performing a sixth analysis on the demagnetization time and the inductor current to obtain a sixth analysis result; When the sixth analysis result shows that the demagnetization time is greater than the second preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold, the third switching frequency of the quasi-resonant switching element at the quasi-resonant valley is determined according to the third random variation range, wherein the random switching frequency includes the third switching frequency.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the quasi-resonant mode of the switching power supply is turned on, performing a first real-time monitoring on the transformer connected to the quasi-resonant switching element to determine the demagnetization time and the inductor current of the transformer specifically includes: Performing the first real-time monitoring on the primary side of the transformer to determine the current waveform of the primary side at different time points; Performing a seventh analysis on the current waveform to determine a first time point at which the current waveform starts to decrease from a peak, and to determine a second time point at which the current waveform decreases from the peak to zero, wherein the first time point is a demagnetization start time point of the inductor core, and the second time point is a demagnetization end time point of the inductor core; Determine the demagnetization time according to the demagnetization start time point and the demagnetization end time point; The inductor current is determined according to the current waveform and the demagnetization time.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performing a second real-time monitoring on the load connected to the transformer to determine the power consumption of the load specifically includes: measuring the output voltage and output current of the transformer, and determining the type of the load, wherein the output voltage is the voltage provided by the transformer to the load, the output current is the current provided by the transformer to the load, and the type is the electrical behavior classification of the load in the circuit; The consumed power is determined according to the output voltage and the output current and the type.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performing a switch control operation on the quasi-resonant switching element according to the random switching frequency comprises at least one of the following: Controlling the quasi-resonant switching element to perform a first switching operation in a first valley according to a first switching frequency, wherein the quasi-resonant valley includes a first valley, the switch control operation includes the first switching operation, and the first switching frequency is a random number of times that the quasi-resonant switching element performs the first switching operation in the first valley when the demagnetization time is less than a first preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to a preset inductor current threshold; Controlling the quasi-resonant switching element to perform a second switching operation in a second valley according to a second switching frequency, wherein the quasi-resonant valley includes a second valley, the switching control operation includes the second switching operation, and the second switching frequency is a random number of times that the quasi-resonant switching element performs the second switching operation in the second valley when the demagnetization time is greater than or equal to the first preset demagnetization time and less than or equal to the second preset demagnetization time, and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold; The quasi-resonant switching element is controlled to perform a third switching operation in a third valley according to a third switching frequency, wherein the quasi-resonant valley includes a third valley, the switching control operation includes the third switching operation, and the third switching frequency is a random number of times that the quasi-resonant switching element performs the third switching operation in the third valley when the demagnetization time is greater than the second preset demagnetization time and the inductor current is equal to the preset inductor current threshold.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code comprises computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions so that the electronic device executes the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

6. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that: When the instructions are executed on an electronic device, the electronic device is caused to execute the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product is run on an electronic device, the electronic device is enabled to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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