A method for preventing and controlling orchard fruit fly infection by using garlic planting and extract

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of pest control. The present invention provides a method for controlling orchard fruit fly infection by using garlic planting and extract, comprising the following steps: (1) interplanting garlic in the orchard; (2) using garlic seedling leaves to cover the tree tray; (3) using garlic stalk granules to cover the orchard; and (4) spraying the orchard with garlic extract. The present invention prevents and controls orchard fruit fly by interplanting garlic and using the extract, which not only achieves a good control effect, reduces the damage caused by orchard fruit fly, and ensures the stability of the orchard's economic benefits; interplanting garlic improves the land use efficiency of the orchard, and the harvested garlic bulbs further increase the economic benefits of the growers, thereby increasing the output and income per unit area of ​​land.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pest control, and in particular to a method for controlling orchard fruit fly infection by utilizing garlic planting and extract. Background Art

[0002] Garlic, native to Central Asia, belongs to the genus Allium in the Liliaceae family and possesses a distinctive pungent flavor. S-alkyl(en)cysteine ​​sulfoxide is a precursor of garlic's flavor compounds. Under the catalytic action of alliinase, this compound decomposes into various volatile sulfur-containing compounds, which give garlic its unique pungent flavor and medicinal value. Since ancient times, garlic has been cultivated as a medicinal plant for its diverse properties, including antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, insect repellent, detoxification, insecticide, and plague prevention. In particular, the development of natural sulfur-containing compounds extracted from garlic into botanical pesticides (or their main components) has been a key research direction in the biological control of crop diseases and insect pests.

[0003] The oriental fruit fly, also known as the citrus fruit fly, belongs to the genus Bactrocera of the family Tephritidae in the order Diptera. Its larvae are commonly known as fruit maggots, and its adults are commonly known as needle wasps. It is a worldwide quarantine pest with a wide host range, infecting more than 300 species of fruits and vegetables from over 40 families. The oriental fruit fly is widely distributed and reproduces rapidly, posing a serious threat to the healthy development of the vegetable and forestry fruit industries. In northern China, the main fruit trees it harms include apples, pears, grapes, apricots, plums, kiwis, pomegranates, and dates. The adults lay eggs under the peel, and after hatching, the larvae burrow into the fruit to feed. Early infection is difficult to detect, and as the fruit grows and matures, the larvae rot or turn yellow and fall off prematurely, causing great damage to yield and quality. Currently, methods used in orchards to control the oriental fruit fly include bagging the fruit, hanging sticky insect boards, spraying pheromones, and releasing parasitic wasps, but the control effects are limited. For most fruit tree growers, experience in preventing and controlling the citrus fruit fly is limited. They need guidance from professionals in the field of plant protection and the use of a comprehensive prevention and control method with multiple technical measures to achieve better prevention and control effects. Therefore, it is often difficult to completely eliminate the damage caused by the citrus fruit fly in infected orchards in the short term. There is an urgent need to develop a low-cost, simple, effective and highly operational prevention and control measure for the citrus fruit fly to ensure the yield and benefits of the orchard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing and controlling citrus fruit fly infection in orchards by planting garlic and using an extract, which can not only achieve better prevention and control effects, reduce the damage caused by the citrus fruit fly, and ensure the stability of the economic benefits of the orchard, but also improve the utilization efficiency of the orchard land. The harvested garlic bulbs further increase the economic benefits of the growers and improve the output and income per unit area of ​​land.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling infection of orchard fruit fly by using garlic planting and extract, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Interplanting garlic in orchards;

[0008] (2) Use garlic leaves to cover the tree tray;

[0009] (3) Using garlic stalk granules for orchard mulching;

[0010] (4) Use garlic extract to spray orchards.

[0011] Preferably, the method for interplanting garlic in step (1) is as follows: a garlic planting area parallel to the planting rows is opened between two rows of fruit trees, garlic is planted in the garlic planting area according to the standard of plant spacing of 8 to 12 cm and row spacing of 18 to 22 cm, and the distance between the garlic planting area and the fruit trees on both sides is 0.7 to 0.9 m.

[0012] Preferably, the tree tray covering method in step (2) is as follows: when the height of the pseudostem of garlic reaches 25 to 35 cm, the stem is retained and the outer leaves are peeled off, and the peeled leaves are covered around the tree tray; when peeling the outer leaves, at least 3 to 4 leaves are retained, the covering width is 50 to 60 cm, and the number of peelings is 3 to 4 times.

[0013] Preferably, the method for covering the orchard in step (3) is as follows: when the garlic scapes grow to 45-55 cm, the garlic scapes are harvested, the garlic scapes are cut into 0.3-0.7 cm segments, and the segments are sprinkled around the periphery of the entire orchard and around the tree trays, with a width of 45-55 cm and 2-3 times of sprinkling.

[0014] Preferably, the garlic extract in step (4) is prepared by mixing garlic and brine, crushing the mixture, and sieving the mixture to obtain the garlic extract; the mass ratio of the garlic to brine is 1:4-6, the concentration of the brine is 4-6%, an 80-100 mesh sieve is used for sieving, and the sieving frequency is 3-4 times.

[0015] Preferably, the method for spraying the orchard in step (4) is: diluting the garlic extract with saline and spraying the entire orchard, wherein the volume ratio of the garlic extract to the saline during the dilution is 1:45-55, the concentration of the saline is 4-6%, the frequency of spraying is once a month, and the time of spraying is 7-8 days after foliar topdressing.

[0016] The present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling citrus fruit fly infection in orchards by using garlic planting and extract, comprising the following steps: (1) interplanting garlic in the orchard; (2) using garlic seedling leaves to cover the tree tray; (3) using garlic stalk granules to cover the orchard; and (4) spraying the orchard with garlic extract. The method of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) simple operation, which is very easy for growers with experience in fruit tree planting to master; 2) low control cost and good effect, because garlic itself has the insect repellent and insect control effect, the method can achieve a good control effect; (3) improve land use efficiency and per-mu planting income. After garlic is interplanted between orchard rows, not only the land use efficiency of the orchard is improved, but the harvested garlic bulbs can also increase the economic benefits of the growers. By interplanting garlic and extracting the citrus fruit fly, not only can a good control effect be achieved, the damage of the citrus fruit fly be reduced, and the economic benefits of the orchard be guaranteed to be stable; interplanting garlic improves the land use efficiency of the orchard, and the harvested garlic bulbs further increase the economic benefits of the growers, and the output and income per unit area of ​​land are increased. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention provides a method for preventing and controlling infection of orchard fruit fly by using garlic planting and extract, comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) Interplanting garlic in orchards;

[0019] (2) Use garlic leaves to cover the tree tray;

[0020] (3) Using garlic stalk granules for orchard mulching;

[0021] (4) Use garlic extract to spray orchards.

[0022] In the present invention, the method of interplanting garlic in step (1) is preferably as follows: a garlic planting area is opened in the middle of two rows of fruit trees and parallel to the planting rows, and garlic is planted in the garlic planting area according to the standard of 8-12 cm plant spacing and 18-22 cm row spacing. It is further preferably as follows: a garlic planting area is opened in the middle of two rows of fruit trees and parallel to the planting rows, and garlic is planted in the garlic planting area according to the standard of 10 cm plant spacing and 20 cm row spacing. The distance between the garlic planting area and the fruit trees on both sides is preferably 0.7-0.9 m, and more preferably 0.8 m.

[0023] In the present invention, the method of covering the tree tray in step (2) is preferably as follows: when the height of the pseudostem of garlic reaches 25 to 35 cm, the stem is retained and the outer leaves are peeled off, and the peeled leaves are covered around the tree tray. More preferably, when the height of the pseudostem of garlic reaches 30 cm, the stem is retained and the outer leaves are peeled off, and the peeled leaves are covered around the tree tray; when peeling the outer leaves, at least 3 to 4 leaves are retained, more preferably 3 leaves, the covering width is preferably 50 to 60 cm, more preferably 55 cm, and the number of peelings is preferably 3 to 4 times, more preferably 3 times.

[0024] In the present invention, the method of covering the orchard in step (3) is preferably: when the garlic scapes grow to 45-55 cm, the garlic scapes are harvested, the garlic scapes are cut into 0.3-0.7 cm garlic scape segments, and the segments are sprinkled around the periphery of the entire orchard and around the tree tray. It is further preferably: when the garlic scapes grow to 50 cm, the garlic scapes are harvested, the garlic scapes are cut into 0.5 cm garlic scape segments, and the segments are sprinkled around the periphery of the entire orchard and around the tree tray. The width of the scattering is preferably 45-55 cm, more preferably 50 cm, and the number of scatterings is preferably 2-3 times, more preferably 3 times.

[0025] In the present invention, the preparation method of the garlic extract in step (4) is preferably: garlic and brine are mixed, crushed, and sieved to obtain the garlic extract; the mass ratio of the garlic to brine is preferably 1:4-6, the concentration of the brine is preferably 4-6%, the sieving is preferably performed using an 80-100 mesh sieve, more preferably an 80 mesh sieve, and the number of sieving is preferably 3-4 times, more preferably 3 times.

[0026] In the present invention, the method for spraying the orchard in step (4) is preferably: diluting the garlic extract with saline and then spraying the entire orchard, the volume ratio of the garlic extract to the saline during the dilution is preferably 1:45-55, more preferably 1:50, the concentration of the saline is preferably 4-6%, more preferably 5%, the frequency of spraying is preferably once a month, and the time of spraying is preferably 7-8 days after foliar topdressing, more preferably 7 days after topdressing.

[0027] In the present invention, the salt water is prepared by dissolving 4 to 6 g of common salt in 100 mL of water to obtain salt water with a concentration of 4 to 6%.

[0028] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A method for preventing and controlling orchard fruit fly infection by using garlic planting and extract, comprising the following steps:

[0031] (1) In the middle of two rows of fruit trees in the orchard, a garlic planting area was opened parallel to the planting rows. The distance between the garlic planting area and the fruit trees on both sides was 0.7 m. Garlic was planted in the garlic planting area according to the standard of 12 cm plant spacing and 22 cm row spacing;

[0032] (2) When the pseudostem of garlic reaches 25 cm in height, keep the stem and peel off the outer leaves. Peel four times, leaving three leaves after each peeling. Cover the peeled leaves within 50 cm around the tree tray.

[0033] (3) When the garlic stalks grow to 55 cm, harvest them and cut them into 0.3 cm segments. Sprinkle them around the periphery of the orchard and around the tree trays with a width of 55 cm and three times.

[0034] (4) Prepare 4% saline solution at a ratio of 4 g salt to 100 mL water, mix garlic and saline solution at a mass ratio of 1:6, crush the mixture, and pass through a 100-mesh sieve three times to obtain garlic extract; dilute the garlic extract with 55 times the volume of 4% saline solution and spray the entire orchard, spraying once a month 7 days after foliar topdressing.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] A method for preventing and controlling orchard fruit fly infection by using garlic planting and extract, comprising the following steps:

[0037] (1) In the middle of two rows of fruit trees in the orchard, a garlic planting area was opened parallel to the planting rows. The distance between the garlic planting area and the fruit trees on both sides was 0.9 m. Garlic was planted in the garlic planting area according to the standard of 8 cm plant spacing and 18 cm row spacing;

[0038] (2) When the pseudostem of garlic reaches 35 cm in height, remove the outer leaves from the stem, peeling three times, leaving four leaves after each peeling. The peeled leaves are placed within a 60 cm area around the tree tray.

[0039] (3) When the garlic stalks grow to 45 cm, harvest them and cut them into 0.7 cm segments. Sprinkle them around the periphery of the orchard and around the tree trays with a width of 45 cm and twice.

[0040] (4) Prepare 6% saline solution at a ratio of 6 g salt to 100 mL water, mix garlic and saline solution at a mass ratio of 1:4, crush the mixture, and pass through an 80-mesh sieve four times to obtain a garlic extract. Dilute the garlic extract with 45 times the volume of 6% saline solution and spray it throughout the orchard. Spray the extract once a month 8 days after applying foliar fertilizer.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] A method for preventing and controlling orchard fruit fly infection by using garlic planting and extract, comprising the following steps:

[0043] (1) In the middle of two rows of fruit trees in the orchard, a garlic planting area was opened parallel to the planting rows. The distance between the garlic planting area and the fruit trees on both sides was 0.8 m. Garlic was planted in the garlic planting area according to the standard of 10 cm plant spacing and 20 cm row spacing;

[0044] (2) When the pseudostem of garlic reaches 30 cm in height, remove the outer leaves from the stem, peeling three times, leaving three leaves after each peeling. The peeled leaves are placed within a 55 cm area around the tree tray.

[0045] (3) When the garlic stalks grow to 50 cm, harvest them and cut them into 0.5 cm segments. Sprinkle them around the periphery of the orchard and around the tree trays in a width of 50 cm three times.

[0046] (4) Prepare 5% saline solution at a ratio of 5 g salt to 100 mL water, mix garlic and saline solution at a mass ratio of 1:5, crush the mixture, and pass through a 90-mesh sieve three times to obtain a garlic extract. Dilute the garlic extract with 50 times the volume of 5% saline solution and spray it throughout the orchard. Spray the extract once a month 7 days after foliar topdressing.

[0047] Test example

[0048] (1) In early March, a kiwifruit orchard with a row spacing of 3 meters was selected for the experiment. Garlic was interplanted between two rows of fruit trees in the orchard. The garlic planting row was located in the middle of the two rows of fruit trees. The garlic planting row spacing was 10 cm × 20 cm, and the garlic planting width was 1.4 m. A total of 8 rows were planted, that is, the distance between the leftmost and rightmost rows of garlic planting width and the fruit trees was kept at 0.8 m respectively, and the garlic rows were parallel to the fruit tree rows.

[0049] (2) After the garlic is sown and leaves have grown, when the pseudostem (the stalk formed by layers of garlic leaves) is 30 cm in height, peel off the outer garlic leaves (keep the stalk, and keep at least 3 leaves in the middle of each plant), and evenly cover the tree tray with a covering width of 55 cm. Garlic sown in spring can be peeled three times;

[0050] (3) After the garlic sprouts, remove the garlic sprouts when they grow to 50 cm. Cut the garlic sprouts into 0.5 cm long round segments and evenly spread them around the periphery of the orchard and around the tree tray. The width of the garlic sprout granules is 50 cm. Depending on the growth and sprouting time of the garlic sprouts, the garlic sprout granules can be spread three times.

[0051] (4) After harvesting garlic in mid-July, extract the garlic with 5% saline (5 g of salt in 100 mL of water). Add 10 g of cleaned and peeled garlic cloves to 50 mL of 5% saline and grind them in a grinder. Then filter three times with an 80-mesh sieve to remove the residue. This is the mother liquor of the garlic extract.

[0052] (5) Dilute the mother liquor of garlic extract with 5% saline at a volume ratio of 1:50. After dilution, use a sprayer or a pesticide sprayer to spray the entire orchard once a month. The spraying time should be 7 days apart from the management operations such as foliar fertilization in the orchard, until the leaves fall and dormancy occurs.

[0053] result

[0054] The effectiveness of using this technology to control the citrus fruit fly in orchards is as follows: the fruit fly infection rate in orchards using this technology is below 8%, while in orchards without it, it is over 40%. Infected fruit is essentially non-commercial and gradually softens during storage, developing water-soaked necrotic patches. This translates to a yield reduction of over 40%. For example, in a red kiwifruit orchard, with an average yield of 1,500 jin (approximately 100 catties) per mu and a farmgate price of 8 yuan per jin (approximately 100 catties), not using this technology would have reduced economic losses by at least 4,800 yuan. However, using this technology for control, the orchard's economic losses are less than 1,000 yuan.

[0055] As can be seen from the above examples, the present invention provides a method for controlling orchard fruit fly infection using garlic planting and extract, comprising the following steps: (1) interplanting garlic in the orchard; (2) using garlic seedling leaves to form a tree mulch; (3) using garlic stalk granules to cover the orchard; and (4) spraying the orchard with garlic extract. The present invention uses garlic interplanting and extract to control orchard fruit fly, which not only achieves a good control effect, reduces the damage caused by orchard fruit fly, and ensures the stability of orchard economic benefits; interplanting garlic improves the land use efficiency of the orchard, and the harvested garlic bulbs further increase the economic benefits of the growers, increasing the output and income per unit area of ​​land.

[0056] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling orchard fruit fly infection by using garlic planting and extract, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Interplanting garlic in orchards; (2) Use garlic sprout leaves to cover the tree trunk; (3) Using garlic stalk granules for orchard mulching; (4) Use garlic extract for spraying in orchards; The method for interplanting garlic in step (1) is as follows: a garlic planting area is opened in the middle of two rows of fruit trees and parallel to the planting rows, and garlic is planted in the garlic planting area according to the standard of plant spacing of 8-12 cm and row spacing of 18-22 cm, and the distance between the garlic planting area and the fruit trees on both sides is 0.7-0.9 m; The method for covering the tree tray in step (2) is as follows: when the height of the pseudostem of garlic reaches 25-35 cm, the stem is retained and the outer leaves are peeled off, and the peeled leaves are covered around the tree tray; when peeling the outer leaves, at least 3-4 leaves are retained, the covering width is 50-60 cm, and the number of peelings is 3-4 times; The preparation method of the garlic extract in step (4) is as follows: garlic and salt water are mixed, crushed, and sieved to obtain the garlic extract; the mass ratio of the garlic to salt water is 1:4-6, the concentration of the salt water is 4-6%, and an 80-100 mesh sieve is used for sieving, and the number of sieving times is 3-4 times; The method for covering the orchard in step (3) is as follows: when the garlic scapes grow to 45-55 cm, harvest the garlic scapes, cut the garlic scapes into 0.3-0.7 cm segments, and sprinkle them around the periphery of the orchard and around the tree trays in a width of 45-55 cm and 2-3 times.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for spraying the orchard in step (4) is as follows: the garlic extract is diluted with saline and then sprayed on the entire orchard, wherein the volume ratio of the garlic extract to the saline during the dilution is 1:45-55, the concentration of the saline is 4-6%, the frequency of the spraying is once a month, and the time of the spraying is 7-8 days after the foliar topdressing.