A water environment water sample eDNA sampling device and method

Abstract

The present invention proposes an eDNA sampling device for water environment water samples, including a protective cover with a closed cavity inside, a first water pump and a second water pump are arranged inside the protective cover, a water inlet is arranged on the protective cover, the water inlet of the first water pump is connected to the water inlet through a pipeline, the water outlet of the first water pump is connected to an enricher through a pipeline, the water inlet of the second water pump is connected to a fixed liquid container through a pipeline, the water outlet of the second water pump is connected to the enricher through a pipeline, a main control board is arranged inside the protective cover, a depth sensor is arranged outside the protective cover, and a ring for hanging a lifting rope is arranged on the top of the protective cover. The device has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, has low cost, is easy to operate, has stable sampling effect, and has good reliability. The present application also proposes a sampling method, which makes the data more comprehensive and continuous through multi-dimensional and point-to-point multi-unit combination deployment, and has the prospect of standardized promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and in particular to an eDNA sampling device for water samples in an aquatic environment. Background Art

[0002] In the investigation and research of water-related ecosystems such as rivers, lakes, and oceans, especially those involving aquatic biological surveys in deep water areas, continuous monitoring of biodiversity, water ecological health assessment, or marine ranch ecosystem management analysis or related research fields, traditional measurements are mostly carried out by methods such as trawling, visual and microscopic observation, or underwater robots driving cameras to take pictures. Due to the frequency of measurements or the underwater environment, there is a possibility of underestimation or complete omission, and the results are accidental. In recent years, breakthroughs in eDNA technology have provided convenient and efficient tools for biological monitoring and ecological function assessment. Collecting water samples for eDNA analysis has been proven to be a powerful tool for quantifying biodiversity and detecting hidden and evasive taxa. At present, it is mainly through manual sampling or submersible automated eDNA sampling methods. After sampling, the entire biological community is analyzed by sequencing through downstream technology or quantitative qPCR technology is used for monitoring targeted species.

[0003] However, manual on-site sampling methods will cause an invasion of the environment, and it is difficult to implement large-area coverage sampling. The sampling process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and requires a high level of professionalism in personnel and equipment. There is a high degree of randomness, high sampling costs, and samples are easily contaminated. It is greatly affected by environmental weather and other factors. In addition, manual on-site sampling is difficult to standardize and promote in terms of process methods and costs. The survey results are greatly affected by the professionalism of the implementation personnel and equipment, and the representativeness of the samples is easily questioned during the industry promotion process. Especially in large river basins and high-depth water environments, traditional environmental NDA sampling methods with low frequency and small volume face huge challenges. The industry still lacks methods and carrier equipment that can meet the time scale, spatial scale, high frequency, and continuous implementation, and can be laid out over a large area for sampling, and can meet the requirements of standard promotion. Therefore, it is difficult to support long-term continuous detection and related analysis and research. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes an eDNA sampling device for water environment water samples, which has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, has low cost, is easy to operate, has stable sampling effect, and has good reliability. The sampling method is arranged in a multi-dimensional and point-to-point combination, making the data more comprehensive and continuous, and has the prospect of standardized promotion.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an eDNA sampling device for water environment water samples of the present invention comprises a protective cover with a closed cavity inside, a first water pump and a second water pump are arranged in the protective cover, a water inlet is arranged on the protective cover, the water inlet of the first water pump is connected to the water inlet through a pipe, the water outlet of the first water pump is connected to an enricher through a pipe, the water inlet of the second water pump is connected to a fixed liquid container through a pipe, the water outlet of the second water pump is connected to the enricher through a pipe, a main control board is arranged in the protective cover, a depth sensor is arranged on the outside of the protective cover, and a lifting ring for hanging a lifting rope is arranged on the top of the protective cover.

[0006] Furthermore, the protective cover includes a cover shell, the top of the cover shell is provided with an upper flange, the bottom of the cover shell is provided with a lower flange, the top of the cover shell is connected to an upper cover through the top of the upper flange, the bottom of the cover shell is connected to a base plate through the lower flange, a column is provided on the base plate, a fixed plate is provided on the top of the column, the first water pump and the second water pump are arranged on the fixed plate, mounting ears are respectively extended from both sides of the upper cover, a protective cage is provided under the mounting ears, and the enricher and the fixed liquid container are respectively installed in the protective cages on both sides.

[0007] Furthermore, the enricher includes a shell, a filter is provided in the shell, the filter divides the inner cavity of the shell into two parts, a first one-way valve is provided on the water outlet of the enricher, a first interface is provided on the upper cover, the first interface is connected to the water inlet of the enricher through a pipe, the first interface is connected to the water outlet of the first water pump through a pipe, a second one-way valve is provided on the pipe between the first interface and the water outlet of the first water pump, a second interface is provided on the upper cover, the second interface is connected to the water outlet of the fixed liquid container through a pipe, the second interface is connected to the water inlet of the second water pump through a pipe, the water outlet of the second water pump is connected to the pipe between the first interface and the second one-way valve through a pipe, and a third one-way valve is provided on the water outlet pipe of the second water pump.

[0008] Furthermore, a main control board is arranged on a fixed board, the main control board adopts a single-chip microcomputer module, a GPS module and a wireless communication module are arranged on the main control board, and communication with the remote control terminal is achieved through the wireless communication module. A switch and a charging port are arranged on the upper cover, and waterproof caps are arranged on the switch and the charging port respectively. A depth sensor is arranged on the upper cover, and a battery is arranged on the bottom plate. The main control board is electrically connected to the switch, the charging port, the depth sensor, the first water pump, the second water pump, and the battery respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, a water immersion sensor is provided on the bottom plate, and two metal contacts are provided on the water immersion sensor, which forms a circuit after being immersed in water and outputs a signal to the main control board.

[0010] Furthermore, a first upper sealing ring and a second upper sealing ring are provided between the upper flange and the upper cover, and a second lower sealing ring and a second lower sealing ring are provided between the lower flange and the bottom plate.

[0011] The present invention also proposes a method for sampling eDNA of water environment samples, which includes installing an enricher and a fixative liquid container containing a packaged fixative liquid, setting the sampling time through a remote control terminal, and placing the sampling device at a corresponding sampling location. The sampling time is triggered and the main control board controls the start of the first water pump to suck the environmental water sample into the pipeline through the water inlet and accumulate the water volume in the pipeline in real time. The environmental water sample is discharged after passing through the enricher until the set sampling water volume threshold is reached, and the sampling process is completed. The main control board controls the start-up time of the second water pump to suck the fixative liquid in the fixative liquid container into the pipeline into the enricher, squeeze and discharge the original liquid in the enricher, and fill the enricher with the fixative liquid. The sampling device is taken out regularly and the enricher is recycled to complete the sampling of water environment samples.

[0012] Furthermore, in the direction of the basin width, the water environment is divided into left, middle and right points, and the sampling locations are respectively arranged at the left, middle and right points; in the direction of the basin length, the water environment is divided into upstream and downstream points, and the sampling locations are respectively arranged at the upstream and downstream points.

[0013] Furthermore, in the depth direction of the basin section, the water environment is divided into surface water, middle water and bottom water points. The sampling locations are respectively arranged at the surface water, middle water and deep water points. One or more water environment water sample eDNA sampling devices are set at the sampling points. By setting different sampling times and sampling regularly, continuous sampling and subsequent continuous detection of the points are achieved.

[0014] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. Through single-chip computer programming, all actions can be automatically run according to preset parameters to achieve automatic sampling, with high degree of automation and stable sampling effect;

[0016] 2. The sampling device has a simple structure and can be deployed on the water surface by boats to achieve multi-dimensional deployment and collection. It is easy to implement and has strong operability. The combined use of multiple devices can effectively reduce the sampling frequency and save manpower, material resources and time costs;

[0017] 3. Through quantitative and precise control, the sampling error of water samples is small, and the quantification of samples is easy to achieve;

[0018] 4. The fixative can be added quantitatively on site to extend the room temperature storage time of the sample and improve the stability of the sample;

[0019] 5. Portable, low-cost, easy to implement, can be used in combination with multiple units to meet a variety of sampling needs, making continuous testing possible, and thus providing data support for relevant supervision and governance;

[0020] 6. It does not harm the environment and is easy to standardize the sampling process, which reduces the professional requirements for equipment and personnel for sampling, and is conducive to improving the standardization of eDNA industry applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention will be further described and explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an aquatic environment water sample eDNA sampling device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram for reflecting the internal structure of an eDNA sampling device for water environment water samples.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of an eDNA sampling device for water environment water samples.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram used to reflect the connection relationship between various components of an aquatic environment water sample eDNA sampling device.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the operation interface of the mobile terminal.

[0027] Figure 6 It is used to reflect the distribution of a water environment water sample eDNA sampling device in the overlooking direction of the watershed.

[0028] Figure 7 It is used to reflect the distribution of a water environment water sample eDNA sampling device in the depth direction of the watershed.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a single-point biological resource detection and analysis map of the watershed.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a multi-point biological detection analysis chart of the length and width of the basin.

[0031] Fig.10 It is a combined detection and analysis diagram of the watershed section depth.

[0032] Fig.11 It is a continuous detection and analysis diagram of a single point in the watershed.

[0033] Figure numerals: 1. cover shell; 11. upper flange; 111. first upper sealing ring; 112. second upper sealing ring; 12. lower flange; 121. first lower sealing ring; 122. second lower sealing ring; 2. upper cover; 21. water inlet; 22. first interface; 23. second interface; 24. switch; 25. charging port; 26. mounting ear; 27. protective cage; 28. lifting ring; 29. ​​depth sensor; 3. bottom plate; 31. column; 32. fixing plate; 4. main control board; 41. battery; 42. immersion sensor; 5. first water pump; 51. second one-way valve; 6. second water pump; 61. third one-way valve; 7. enricher; 71. first one-way valve; 8. fixed liquid container; 9. mobile terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be more clearly and completely explained below through description of preferred embodiments of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a water environment water sample eDNA sampling device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a protective cover with a sealed cavity inside, the protective cover comprises a cover shell 1, the top of the cover shell 1 is provided with an upper flange 11, the bottom of the cover shell 1 is provided with a lower flange 12, the top of the cover shell 1 is connected to an upper cover 2 through the top of the upper flange 11, the bottom of the cover shell 1 is connected to a bottom plate 3 through the lower flange 12, and the top of the upper cover 2 is provided with a lifting ring 28 for hanging a lifting rope. Figure 3 As shown, a first upper sealing ring 111 and a second upper sealing ring 112 are provided between the upper flange 11 and the upper cover 2, and a second lower sealing ring 122 and a second lower sealing ring 122 are provided between the lower flange 12 and the bottom plate 3. Through the flange connection and the setting of the sealing ring, the inner cavity of the shield can achieve a better sealing effect. In addition, the shield needle body is made of stainless steel, which has a high protection level and corrosion resistance.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, mounting ears 26 extend from both sides of the upper cover 2, and a protective cage 27 is provided below the mounting ears 26. Enrichers 7 and fixative liquid containers 8 are provided in the protective cages 27 on both sides. The enricher 7 can adopt a standardized eDNA sampler, and its structure can be large-capacity and ultra-large-capacity structures according to the working conditions and the filtering volume. The enricher 7 includes a shell with a closed cavity structure, and a filter disc or a filter plate is provided in the shell. The filter disc or the filter plate divides the inner cavity of the shell into upper and lower parts or inner and outer cavities. The filter diameter of the filter disc or the filter plate can be 0.45um-5um. The fixative liquid container 8 can be a syringe or a bag-like structure. The fixative liquid is contained in the fixative container 8. The fixative liquid is a reagent based on preventing environmental DNA degradation and prolonging the storage time of the sample.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, a column 31 is provided on the bottom plate 3, a fixing plate 32 is provided on the top of the column 31, and a first water pump 5 and a second water pump 6 are provided on the fixing plate 32, which can be a peristaltic pump, a negative pressure pump, etc., which are standard products in the market. A water inlet 21, a first interface 22, and a second interface 23 are provided on the upper cover 2. The water inlet of the first water pump 5 is connected to the water inlet 21 through a pipeline, the water outlet of the first water pump 5 is connected to the first interface 22 through a pipeline, and the water inlet 21 of the enricher 7 is connected to the first interface 22 through a pipeline, so as to form a sealed environmental water sampling pipeline, and the first water pump 5 draws the water sample of the water environment into the enricher 7 for eDNA enrichment. A first one-way valve 71 is provided on the water outlet of the enricher 7 to prevent the water sample in the environment from entering the sampler in reverse, thereby improving the sampling effect.

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the water outlet of the fixing liquid container 8 is connected to the second interface 23 through a pipeline, the water inlet of the second water pump 6 is connected to the second interface 23 through a pipeline, the pipeline between the first interface 22 and the water outlet of the first water pump 5 is provided with a second one-way valve 51, the water outlet of the second water pump 6 is connected to the pipeline between the first interface 22 and the second one-way valve 51 through a pipeline, and the pipeline connected to the water outlet of the second water pump 6 is provided with a third one-way valve 61. A fixing liquid pipeline is formed in parallel with the environmental water sampling pipeline, and the fixing liquid pipeline is also a sealed pipeline system. After the enrichment is completed, the fixing liquid is injected into the enricher 7, and the fixing liquid serves the purpose of preventing the degradation of eDNA. In addition, the second one-way valve 51 and the third one-way valve 61 can avoid the influence between the flow paths.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water inlet 21, the first interface 22 and the second interface 23, as well as the water inlet of the enricher 7 and the water outlet of the fixing liquid container 8 are all provided with quick connectors, and the quick connectors are used to achieve sealing, fixing and disassembly with the pipeline. The quick connector can be a Luer connector, a threaded connector, a quick-insert connector, etc.

[0040] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, a main control board 4 is provided on the fixed plate 32. The main control board 4 adopts a self-programmed single-chip microcomputer module. The main control board 4 is provided with a GPS module and a wireless communication module, and communicates with the remote control terminal through the wireless communication module. When on the water surface, the GPS module can read the location information of the sampling device in real time and record the information identification of the sampling location; it can also be positioned when the sampling device sinks underwater by setting a signal extension line. A switch 24 and a charging port 25 are provided on the upper cover 2. The switch 24 and the charging port 25 are respectively provided with waterproof caps, and a depth sensor 29 is provided on the outside of the upper cover 2. A battery 41 is provided on the bottom plate 3. A water immersion sensor 42 is provided on the bottom plate 3. The water immersion sensor 42 is provided with two metal contacts, which form a circuit and output a signal after being immersed in water. The main control board 4 is electrically connected to the switch 24, the charging port 25, the depth sensor 29, the first water pump 5, the second water pump 6, and the battery 41.

[0041] The communication mode of the wireless communication module can be Bluetooth, 433M communication, FM communication, etc., and the remote control terminal can be a mobile phone or a remote control. The remote control terminal remotely controls and monitors the status of the sampling device. The remote control terminal displays information through the APP interface effect, and its content may include water depth, flow rate, power, sampling mode selection, parameter setting, sampling record, longitude and latitude information, etc. The water immersion alarm and low power alarm provide status self-check and warning for the sampling device.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, a sampling mode of a water environment water sample eDNA sampling device of the present invention includes:

[0043] 1. Immediate sampling: Select this mode and press start, the first water pump 5 starts running, set the rated flow rate (such as 0.2L / M), accumulate the filtered volume to the set volume (such as 20L), the first water pump 5 stops running, the second water pump 6 starts running, and when the fixative filling time comes, the second water pump 6 stops running, and the sampling is completed;

[0044] 2. Automatic sampling: Select this mode, according to the sampling date (such as 16:30 on May 8), the first water pump 5 starts running, the rated flow rate (such as 0.2L / M), the accumulated filtered volume reaches the set volume (such as 20L), the first water pump 5 stops running, the second water pump 6 starts running, and when the fixed liquid filling time comes, the second water pump 6 stops running, and the sampling is completed;

[0045] 3. Fixed depth sampling: Select this mode, the depth sensor 29 reaches the set water depth (such as 30 meters), the first water pump 5 starts running, the rated flow rate is set (such as 0.2L / M), the accumulated filtration volume reaches the set volume (such as 20L), the first water pump 5 stops running, the second water pump 6 starts running, and when the fixed liquid filling time comes, the second water pump 6 stops running and the sampling is completed.

[0046] The present invention provides a method for sampling eDNA of water environment water samples. The enricher 7 and the fixing liquid container 8 containing the encapsulated fixing liquid are installed, the sampling time is set through the remote control terminal, and the sampling device is placed at the corresponding sampling location. According to the set sampling time trigger, the main control board 4 controls the first water pump 5 to start, the environmental water sample is sucked into the pipeline through the water inlet 21 and the water flow in the pipeline is accumulated in real time. The environmental water sample is discharged after passing through the enricher 7 until the set sampling water volume threshold is reached, and the sampling process is completed; the main control board 4 controls the start time of the second water pump 6, the fixing liquid in the fixing liquid container 8 is sucked into the pipeline into the enricher 7, the original liquid in the enricher 7 is squeezed out, and the enricher 7 is filled with fixing liquid, the sampling device is taken out regularly, and the enricher 7 is recovered, so that the sampling of water environment water samples can be completed. After being collected in the laboratory, the entire biological community analysis is carried out by sequencing through downstream technology or the targeted species are monitored using quantitative qPCR technology, thereby realizing the later correlation analysis and continuous detection.

[0047] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in the direction of the width of the basin, the water environment is divided into left, middle and right points, and the sampling locations are arranged at the left, middle and right points respectively. In the direction of the length of the basin, the water environment is divided into upstream and downstream points, and the sampling locations are arranged at the upstream and downstream points respectively. In the depth direction of the basin section, the water environment is divided into surface water, middle water and bottom water points, and the sampling locations are arranged at surface water, middle water and deep water points respectively. Multiple sampling devices can be arranged at each point.

[0048] Based on the water environment water sample eDNA sampling device and sampling method of the present invention, during the marine resource investigation and analysis of a certain river basin, the samples were analyzed by molecular biology sequencing technology.

[0049] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, through the detection and analysis of biological resources at a single point in the basin, its low-frequency, single-point environmental eDNA samples can realize the detection and analysis of biological resources; however, due to the influence of technical characteristics, environmental factors, time and spatial scales, its sample representativeness has a certain degree of randomness.

[0050] And as Fig. 9 As shown, through multi-point biological monitoring analysis along the length and width of the basin, the samples are relatively comprehensive, affected by technical characteristics, environmental factors and time scale.

[0051] like Fig.10 As shown, through the combined detection and analysis of the depth of the watershed section, the samples are more representative, affected by the technical characteristics, environmental factors and time scale; the sampling and analysis results are greatly affected by the spatial scale of species distribution.

[0052] And as Fig.11As shown, through continuous detection and analysis of each single point in the basin, especially the comprehensive detection and analysis of multiple points, a comprehensive survey of the biological resources in the basin can be achieved, which provides the possibility for continuous detection and further provides data support for related research, supervision and governance.

[0053] The water environment water sample eDNA sampling device of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, has low cost, is easy to operate, has stable sampling effect, and has good reliability. The sampling method makes the data more comprehensive and continuous through multi-dimensional and multi-unit combination layout, and has the prospect of standardized promotion.

[0054] The above specific implementations are only descriptions of the preferred implementations of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design concept and spirit of the present invention, various modifications, substitutions and improvements made by ordinary technicians in this field to the technical solution of the present invention based on the text description and drawings provided by the present invention should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for sampling eDNA from water samples in an aquatic environment, characterized in that: In the width direction of the basin, the water environment is divided into left, middle and right points, and the sampling locations are arranged at the left, middle and right points respectively; in the length direction of the basin, the water environment is divided into upstream and downstream points, and the sampling locations are arranged at the upstream and downstream points respectively; In the depth direction of the basin section, the water environment is divided into surface water, middle water, and bottom water points. The sampling locations are arranged at the surface water, middle water, and deep water points respectively. Multiple water environment water sample eDNA sampling devices are set at the points respectively. By setting different sampling times for sampling and regular sampling, continuous sampling and subsequent continuous detection of the points are realized; The water environment water sample eDNA sampling device comprises a protective cover with a closed cavity inside, a first water pump (5) and a second water pump (6) are arranged inside the protective cover, a water inlet (21) is arranged on the protective cover, the water inlet of the first water pump (5) is connected to the water inlet (21) through a pipeline, the water outlet of the first water pump (5) is connected to an enricher (7) through a pipeline, the water inlet of the second water pump (6) is connected to a fixed liquid container (8) through a pipeline, the water outlet of the second water pump (6) is connected to the enricher (7) through a pipeline, a main control board (4) is arranged inside the protective cover, a depth sensor (29) is arranged outside the protective cover, and a lifting ring (28) for hanging a lifting rope is arranged on the top of the protective cover; The protective cover comprises a cover shell (1), the top of the cover shell (1) is provided with an upper flange (11), the bottom of the cover shell (1) is provided with a lower flange (12), the top of the cover shell (1) is connected to an upper cover (2) through the top of the upper flange (11), the bottom of the cover shell (1) is connected to a bottom plate (3) through the lower flange (12), a column (31) is provided on the bottom plate (3), a fixing plate (32) is provided on the top of the column (31), the first water pump (5) and the second water pump (6) are arranged on the fixing plate (32), mounting ears (26) are respectively extended from both sides of the upper cover (2), a protective cage (27) is provided below the mounting ears (26), and the enricher (7) and the fixed liquid container (8) are respectively installed in the protective cages (27) on both sides; A first one-way valve (71) is provided on the water outlet of the enricher (7); a first interface (22) is provided on the upper cover (2); the first interface (22) is connected to the water inlet (21) of the enricher (7) via a pipeline; the first interface (22) is connected to the water outlet of the first water pump (5) via a pipeline; a second one-way valve (51) is provided on the pipeline between the first interface (22) and the water outlet of the first water pump (5); a second interface (23) is provided on the upper cover (2); the second interface (23) is connected to the water outlet of the fixed liquid container (8) via a pipeline; the second interface (23) is connected to the water inlet of the second water pump (6) via a pipeline; the water outlet of the second water pump (6) is connected to the pipeline between the first interface (22) and the second one-way valve (51) via a pipeline; a third one-way valve (61) is provided on the water outlet pipeline of the second water pump (6); The enricher (7) and the fixing liquid container (8) containing the packaged fixing liquid are installed, the sampling time is set through the remote control terminal, and the sampling device is placed at the corresponding sampling location. According to the set sampling time trigger, the main control board (4) controls the first water pump (5) to start, suck the environmental water sample into the pipeline through the water inlet (21) and accumulate the water volume in the pipeline in real time. The environmental water sample is discharged after passing through the enricher (7) until the set sampling water volume threshold is reached, and the sampling process is completed; the main control board (4) controls the start time of the second water pump (6), sucks the fixing liquid in the fixing liquid container (8) into the pipeline into the enricher (7), squeezes and discharges the original liquid in the enricher (7), and fills the enricher (7) with fixing liquid. The sampling device is taken out regularly and the enricher (7) is recovered, so that the sampling of water environment water samples can be completed.

2. The method for sampling eDNA of water samples in an aquatic environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enricher (7) comprises a shell, in which a filter is arranged, and the filter separates the inner cavity of the shell into two parts.

3. The method for sampling eDNA of water samples in an aquatic environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control board (4) is arranged on the fixing plate (32), the main control board (4) adopts a single chip microcomputer module, the main control board (4) is provided with a GPS module and a wireless communication module, and communicates with the remote control terminal through the wireless communication module, the upper cover (2) is provided with a switch (24) and a charging port (25), the switch (24) and the charging port (25) are respectively provided with waterproof caps, the depth sensor (29) is arranged on the upper cover (2), the bottom plate (3) is provided with a battery (41), and the main control board (4) is respectively electrically connected to the switch (24), the charging port (25), the depth sensor (29), the first water pump (5), the second water pump (6), and the battery (41).

4. The method for sampling eDNA of water samples in an aquatic environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom plate (3) is provided with a water immersion sensor (42), and the water immersion sensor (42) is provided with two metal contacts, which form a circuit after being immersed in water and output a signal to the main control board (4).

5. The method for sampling eDNA from water samples in an aquatic environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first upper sealing ring (111) and a second upper sealing ring (112) are provided between the upper flange (11) and the upper cover (2), and a second lower sealing ring (122) and a second lower sealing ring (122) are provided between the lower flange (12) and the bottom plate (3).

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