A stress testing device and method for riprap foundation bed during construction and operation

Abstract

The present invention is a stress testing device and method for the construction and operation period of a riprap bed, wherein the device comprises: a main frame shell with a hollow interior and an open top, a plurality of columns being arranged at the top of the main frame shell; a load-bearing mechanism being movably arranged on the main frame shell; a top plate being provided with a plurality of first through holes for the plurality of columns to pass through respectively, and the top plate being placed on the load-bearing mechanism; a bottom plate being movably arranged inside the main frame shell, and the bottom plate having a first position and a second position; a pressure sensor being arranged on the bottom plate; a lifting mechanism being arranged between the main frame shell and the bottom plate, and being used to drive the bottom plate to move between the first position and the second position; wherein, when the bottom plate is at the second position, the bottom plate pushes the load-bearing mechanism off the main frame shell, so that the top plate abuts against the pressure sensor. The present invention has an automatic protection function, can solve the drawback that the existing stress testing device cannot resist the impact force of irregular riprap, can withstand the ramming energy, and improves the effectiveness and accuracy of the stress test of the riprap bed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering, and in particular relates to a stress testing device and method for a riprap base bed during construction and operation periods. Background Art

[0002] The riprap foundation is an important basic structure to ensure the stability and safety of the upper structure. It provides a solid foundation for the long-term operation of the upper structure by leveling the foundation, diffusing stress, protecting the foundation, and reducing settlement. In projects with non-rock foundations, the riprap foundation is particularly important. It can relieve the self-weight pressure and load of the upper structure and ensure the safety and stability of the upper structure. Therefore, it is widely used in marine engineering, port engineering, construction engineering, highway engineering and other fields.

[0003] Due to the complexity of the riprap bed, its key technical parameters such as the compressive stress values ​​and force transmission relationships at different depths and ranges often need to be compared with the field test results. In the construction, safe operation and maintenance, and scientific research of various types of buildings, the stress test of the riprap bed can provide support for some urgent problems. There are two main types of existing riprap bed stress test devices: (1) a single pressure sensor, or a device with a pressure sensor in the middle and steel cover plates on the top and bottom. Since the upper part needs to be filled with large-scale irregular boulders and needs to be compacted, this type of test device is often unable to withstand such a huge impact force, resulting in sensor failure and failure to meet the required survival rate. If thicker upper and lower covers are used to protect the sensor, the cost will increase, the installation difficulty will increase, and the thickness will increase, which will reduce the accuracy of the data read by the stainless steel sensor; (2) a pressure sensor is placed in a closed cavity, and the external pressure is converted into water pressure in the cavity through a piston to read the pressure of the sensor. This type of device has high requirements for sealing and is easily damaged under huge impact forces. The accuracy of the data cannot be guaranteed and it is not suitable for long-term monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a stress testing device and method for the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period, which has an active protection function, can solve the disadvantage that the existing stress testing device cannot resist the impact force of irregular riprap, can withstand the tamping energy of equipment such as gravity rammers, improves the effectiveness and accuracy of the riprap base bed stress test, and is suitable for stress testing of various projects.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A stress testing device for a riprap bed during construction and operation, comprising:

[0007] A main frame shell is hollow inside and open at the top, and a plurality of columns are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the top of the main frame shell;

[0008] A load-bearing mechanism, which is movably arranged on the main frame shell;

[0009] A top plate, wherein a plurality of first through holes are provided on the top plate for the plurality of columns to pass through respectively, and the top plate is placed on the load-bearing mechanism;

[0010] A bottom plate, the bottom plate is movably arranged inside the main frame housing, and the bottom plate has a first position and a second position;

[0011] A pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is arranged on the bottom plate;

[0012] A lifting mechanism, which is arranged between the main frame shell and the bottom plate and is used to drive the bottom plate to move between the first position and the second position;

[0013] Among them, the height of the first position is lower than the height of the second position. When the bottom plate is located at the second position, the bottom plate pushes the load-bearing mechanism off the main frame shell, so that the top plate abuts against the pressure sensor.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of first grooves are provided on the inner wall of the main frame shell at intervals along its circumference, a support block is movably provided in the first groove, an elastic member is provided between the side of the support block facing the first groove and the first groove, when the bottom plate is in the first position, the support block is located in the first groove and abuts against the side wall of the bottom plate, and when the bottom plate is in the second position, the support block extends out of the first groove under the action of the elastic member and abuts against the bottom of the bottom plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of second through holes are provided on the inner wall of the main frame shell at intervals along its circumference, and the load-bearing mechanism includes a plurality of load-bearing blocks and a plurality of trapezoidal blocks, and the plurality of load-bearing blocks and the plurality of trapezoidal blocks correspond to the plurality of second through holes one by one, respectively. The load-bearing block is located on the outside of the main frame shell, and a load-bearing portion inserted into the corresponding second through hole is provided on the load-bearing block. A protective cover is provided on the outer wall of the main frame shell at a position corresponding to the load-bearing block, and the load-bearing block is arranged in the protective cover. The trapezoidal block is located inside the main frame shell, and one end of the trapezoidal block is inserted into the corresponding second through hole and contacts with the load-bearing portion, and the trapezoidal inclined surface of the trapezoidal block faces the bottom plate. When the bottom plate is in the second position, the bottom plate pushes the load-bearing block off the main frame shell through the trapezoidal block.

[0016] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a gas cylinder, an electric switch, an air pipe and an airbag. A circular ring plate is provided inside the main frame shell, and the circular ring plate divides the interior of the main frame shell into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. A third through hole is provided in the middle of the circular ring plate, and a second groove for placing the airbag is provided on the top of the circular ring plate. The airbag is arranged in the second groove, and the gas cylinder is arranged in the lower chamber. The electric switch is arranged on the air outlet of the gas cylinder and is connected to one end of the air pipe. The other end of the air pipe passes through the third through hole and is connected to the air inlet of the airbag.

[0017] Furthermore, a first wire outlet hole is provided on the annular plate, a second wire outlet hole is provided on the side wall of the lower chamber of the main frame shell, and a third wire outlet hole is provided on the bottom plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the column is a plain screw, and a nut is threaded on the plain screw.

[0019] Furthermore, the main frame shell is a stainless steel shell, the pressure sensor is a stainless steel sensor, and the surfaces of the main frame shell and the pressure sensor are sprayed with anti-corrosion paint.

[0020] Furthermore, a plurality of ear plates are arranged at intervals on the pressure sensor, and the ear plates are mounted on the bottom plate.

[0021] The present invention also provides a stress testing method for a riprap bed during construction and operation, and a stress testing device for a riprap bed during construction and operation. The method comprises:

[0022] S1. Determine calculation data, wherein the calculation data at least includes the weight of the bottom plate and the pressure sensor, the diameter of the top plate, the height from the water surface to the top plate, the thickness of the riprap bed, the weight of the riprap, the contact area between the load-bearing block and the top plate, the material friction coefficient of the load-bearing block, and the angle of the trapezoidal bottom angle of the trapezoidal block;

[0023] S2. Determine the critical lifting force and the actual lifting force of the lifting mechanism. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] F 抬1 =1.5F cr (2);

[0026] In the formula, F cr is the critical lifting force of the lifting mechanism, F 抬1 is the lifting force of the lifting mechanism, m is the combined weight of the bottom plate and the pressure sensor, D is the top plate diameter, and h is 1 is the height from the water surface to the top plate, h 2 is the thickness of the riprap bed, γ 石 A is the weight of riprap. 承 is the contact area between the load-bearing block and the top plate, μ is the material friction coefficient of the load-bearing block, α is the angle of the trapezoidal lower base angle of the trapezoidal block, and n is the number of load-bearing blocks;

[0027] S3, testing the active protection function, the specific process is as follows: applying hydrophobic lubricant to the load-bearing block, the trapezoidal block and the lifting mechanism, starting the lifting mechanism, and setting the lifting force for the lifting mechanism to determine whether the lifting mechanism can lift the bottom plate to the second position, and whether the lifting mechanism can push the load-bearing block off the main frame shell through the trapezoidal block. If yes, perform step S4, if not, re-debug until the lifting mechanism can lift the bottom plate to the second position, and the lifting mechanism can push the load-bearing block off the main frame shell through the trapezoidal block;

[0028] S4, determining the installation position of the stress testing device during the construction period and the operation period of the riprap base bed, and screening the blocks of the riprap base bed to remove the blocks that exceed the preset height;

[0029] S5. Use two pieces of stone to level the 3D range around the installation location, and then install the stress testing device for the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period at the installation location;

[0030] S6. After the stone throwing and tamping are completed, the lifting mechanism is started to lift the bottom plate to the second position, and after the load-bearing block falls from the main frame shell and the top plate abuts against the pressure sensor, the monitoring data of the pressure sensor is read.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: during the stone throwing and tamping construction, the top plate is supported by the load-bearing mechanism, and there is no contact between the top plate and the pressure sensor, thereby preventing the pressure sensor from being subjected to impact forces exceeding its measuring range, thereby protecting the pressure sensor and ensuring the survival rate of the pressure sensor; after the stone throwing and tamping construction, the bottom plate can be lifted to the second position by the lifting mechanism, and the load-bearing mechanism can be pushed down from the main frame shell by the bottom plate, so that the top plate abuts against the pressure sensor, and the stress of the stone throwing base bed can be monitored at this time. Therefore, the present invention has an active protection function, which solves the problem that ordinary stress testing devices cannot resist the impact force of irregular stone throwing, can withstand the tamping energy of equipment such as gravity rammers, and improves the survival rate and data accuracy of the pressure sensor; it is equipped with an automatic collection mechanism, which can quickly and simultaneously obtain stress data of multiple target monitoring points in real time without repeated reading operations, saving a lot of manpower costs and improving monitoring efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a stress testing device for a riprap bed during construction and operation of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is an AA cross-sectional view of the stress testing device of the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main frame shell in the stress testing device for the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a top view of the main frame shell in the stress testing device for the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic member and the support block in the stress testing device for the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the load-bearing blocks and the trapezoidal blocks in the stress testing device for the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism in the stress testing device for the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the bottom plate and the pressure sensor in the stress testing device for the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure, 1-main frame shell, 11-column, 12-first groove, 13-support block, 14-elastic member, 15-second through hole, 16-protective cover, 17-circular ring plate, 171-third through hole, 172-second groove, 173-first outlet hole, 18-second outlet hole, 2-load-bearing mechanism, 21-load-bearing block, 211-load-bearing part, 22-trapezoidal block, 3-top plate, 4-bottom plate, 41-third outlet hole, 5-pressure sensor, 51-ear plate, 6-lifting mechanism, 61-gas cylinder, 62-electric switch, 63-trachea, 64-airbag, 7-nut, 8-collector, 9-computer, 10-riprap bed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0042] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are directions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0046] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stress testing device of the riprap bed during the construction period and the operation period of the present invention, Figure 2The AA cross-sectional view of the stress testing device for the riprap foundation during the construction and operation periods of the present invention. A stress testing device for the riprap foundation during the construction and operation periods of the present invention comprises a main frame shell 1, a load-bearing mechanism 2, a top plate 3, a bottom plate 4, a pressure sensor 5 and a lifting mechanism 6. The main frame shell 1 is hollow inside and has an opening at the top. A plurality of columns 11 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the top of the main frame shell 1. The load-bearing mechanism 2 is movably arranged on the main frame shell 1. The top of the load-bearing mechanism 2 is higher than the top of the main frame shell 1 and is used to support the top plate 3. The top plate 3 is provided with a plurality of first through holes for the plurality of columns 11 to pass through respectively. The top plate 3 is sleeved through the plurality of first through holes. On multiple columns 11, the top plate 3 is placed on the load-bearing mechanism 2; the bottom plate 4 is movably arranged inside the main frame shell 1, and the bottom plate 4 has a first position and a second position; the pressure sensor 5 is arranged on the bottom plate 4; the lifting mechanism 6 is arranged between the main frame shell 1 and the bottom plate 4, and is used to drive the bottom plate 4 to move between the first position and the second position; wherein, the height of the first position is lower than the height of the second position, and when the bottom plate 4 is in the second position, the bottom plate 4 pushes the load-bearing mechanism 2 off the main frame shell 1, so that the top plate 3 abuts against the pressure sensor 5.

[0047] When the stress testing device for the riprap bed construction period and the operation period of the present invention is used, the pressure sensor 5 is connected to the data collector 8, and the data collector 8 is connected to the computer 9. During the riprap and tamping construction period, the top plate 3 is supported by the load-bearing mechanism 2, and there is no contact between the top plate 3 and the pressure sensor 5. The impact force of the riprap and tamping is borne by the top plate 3, the load-bearing mechanism 2 and the main frame shell 1, so that the pressure sensor 5 is prevented from being subjected to an impact force exceeding its range, thereby protecting the pressure sensor 5 during the riprap and tamping construction period and ensuring the survival rate of the pressure sensor 5. After the riprap and tamping construction, the bottom plate 4 can be lifted to the second position by the lifting mechanism 6. At this time, the bottom plate 4 pushes the load-bearing mechanism 2 off the main frame shell 1, so that the top plate 3 descends along the column 11 to contact the pressure sensor 5. Then, the pressure sensor 5 is stressed. At this time, the computer 9 can collect data from the pressure sensor 5 through the data collector 8 and analyze the collected data, so as to monitor the stress of the riprap bed 10. In this way, the present invention has an active protection function, which solves the problem that ordinary stress testing devices cannot resist the impact force of irregular riprap, can withstand the ramming energy of equipment such as gravity rammers, and improve the survival rate and data accuracy of the pressure sensor 5; it is equipped with an automated collection mechanism, which can quickly and simultaneously obtain stress data of multiple target monitoring points in real time without repeated reading operations, saving a lot of manpower costs and improving monitoring efficiency. The stress testing device for the riprap bed construction period and the operation period of the present invention can be used together in multiple ways, and with the automated data collector 8 and the computer 9, it can quickly obtain stress data of multiple target monitoring points without repeated reading operations, saving a lot of manpower costs and improving monitoring efficiency.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main frame shell in the stress testing device for the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period of the present invention, Figure 4 It is a top view of the main frame shell in the stress testing device for the riprap bed construction period and the operation period of the present invention, Figure 5 The structure diagram of the elastic member and the support block in the stress test device for the riprap bed construction period and the operation period of the present invention. In one embodiment, a plurality of first grooves 12 are provided at intervals along the circumference of the inner wall of the main frame shell 1, and a support block 13 is movably provided in the first groove 12. An elastic member 14 is provided between the side of the support block 13 facing the first groove 12 and the first groove 12. When the bottom plate 4 is in the first position, the support block 13 is located in the first groove 12 and abuts against the side wall of the bottom plate 4. When the bottom plate 4 is in the second position, the support block 13 extends out of the first groove 12 under the action of the elastic member 14 and abuts against the bottom of the bottom plate 4. When the bottom plate 4 is in the second position, the bottom plate 4 is supported by a plurality of support blocks 13, so as to share the force for the lifting mechanism 6 and avoid damage to the lifting mechanism 6. In actual use, the functions of the elastic member 14 and the telescopic block should be tested first, such as whether the support block 13 can support the bottom plate 4, so as to ensure the long service life of the stress test device. In one embodiment, the number of the first grooves 12 is six, and the six first grooves 12 are arranged at equal intervals. In one embodiment, the elastic member 14 is a spring.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6The structure diagram of the load-bearing block and the trapezoidal block in the stress testing device for the riprap foundation during the construction period and the operation period of the present invention. In one embodiment, a plurality of second through holes 15 are provided on the inner wall of the main frame shell 1 along its circumferential interval, and the load-bearing mechanism 2 includes a plurality of load-bearing blocks 21 and a plurality of trapezoidal blocks 22, and the plurality of load-bearing blocks 21 and the plurality of trapezoidal blocks 22 correspond to the plurality of second through holes 15 one by one, respectively, the load-bearing block 21 is located outside the main frame shell 1, and a load-bearing portion 211 inserted into the corresponding second through hole 15 is provided on the load-bearing block 21, and a protective cover 16 is provided at a position on the outer wall of the main frame shell 1 corresponding to the load-bearing block 21, and the load-bearing block 21 is arranged in the protective cover 16, and the trapezoidal block 22 is located inside the main frame shell 1, and one end of the trapezoidal block 22 is inserted into the corresponding second through hole 15 and contacts with the load-bearing portion 211, and the trapezoidal inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 22 faces the bottom plate 4, and when the bottom plate 4 is located at the second position, the bottom plate 4 pushes the load-bearing block 21 off the main frame shell 1 through the trapezoidal block 22. Since the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 22 faces the bottom plate 4, when the lifting mechanism 6 lifts the bottom plate 4 to the second position, the bottom plate 4 contacts the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 22, and slowly pushes the trapezoidal block 22 into the second through hole 15, so that the load-bearing part 211 is pushed out of the second through hole 15 through the trapezoidal block 22, so that the load-bearing block 21 falls from the main frame shell 1, and the protective cover 16 is arranged on the outside of the load-bearing block 21, separating the load-bearing block 21 from the riprap, ensuring that the load-bearing block 21 can fall from the main frame shell 1. In one embodiment, the cross-section of the trapezoidal block 22 is a right-angled trapezoid, and the waist surface of the trapezoidal block 22 contacts the load-bearing part 211. In one embodiment, the number of the second through holes 15 is six, and the number of the load-bearing block 21 and the trapezoidal block 22 is also six accordingly, and the six second through holes 15 are respectively arranged above the six first grooves 12.

[0050] Clear combined reference Figure 7 , Figure 7The structural schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism in the stress testing device for the riprap foundation during the construction period and the operation period of the present invention. In one embodiment, the lifting mechanism 6 includes a gas cylinder 61, an electric switch 62, an air pipe 63 and an air bag 64. A circular plate 17 is provided inside the main frame shell 1. The circular plate 17 divides the inside of the main frame shell 1 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. A third through hole 171 is provided in the middle of the circular plate 17. A second groove 172 for placing the air bag 64 is provided on the top of the circular plate 17. The gas cylinder 61 is arranged in the lower chamber, and the air bag 64 is arranged in the second groove 172. The electric switch 62 is arranged on the gas outlet of the gas cylinder 61 and is connected to one end of the air pipe 63. The other end of the air pipe 63 passes through the third through hole 171 and is connected to the air inlet of the air bag 64. The opening and closing of the gas cylinder 61 is controlled by the electric switch 62. When the electric switch 62 is turned on, the gas in the gas cylinder 61 enters the air bag 64 through the air pipe 63, so that the air bag 64 expands, thereby lifting the bottom plate 4 to the second position through the air bag 64. Before actual use, the air tightness of the gas cylinder 61, the electric switch 62, the air pipe 63 and the air bag 64 should be tested to avoid the lifting mechanism 6 from malfunctioning, thereby causing the stress test device to be unusable. In one embodiment, the gas cylinder 61 is a nitrogen cylinder.

[0051] In one embodiment, the annular plate 17 is provided with a first outlet hole 173, the side wall of the main frame housing 1 located in the lower chamber is provided with a second outlet hole 18, and the bottom plate 4 is provided with a third outlet hole 41. This arrangement facilitates wiring, and the shielding wire of the pressure sensor 5 passes through the third outlet hole 41 and the second outlet hole 18 in sequence, and then extends to the outside of the main frame housing 1 and is connected to the collector 8. The signal line of the lifting mechanism 6 passes through the second outlet hole 18 and is connected to the computer 9. In one embodiment, the second outlet hole 18 is connected to a protective tube. The shielding wire and the signal wire are protected by the protective tube.

[0052] In one embodiment, the column 11 is a polished screw, on which a nut 7 is threaded. The nut 7 is located above the top plate 3 and is used to limit the position of the top plate 3 to prevent the top plate 3 from falling off the column 11.

[0053] In one embodiment, the main frame housing 1 is a stainless steel housing, the pressure sensor 5 is a stainless steel sensor, and the main frame housing 1 and the pressure sensor 5 are sprayed with anti-corrosion paint. This setting greatly improves the corrosion resistance of the main frame housing 1 and the pressure sensor 5, can extend the service life of the device, and enables the test device to be used for a long time in highly corrosive liquids such as seawater and groundwater, and can avoid the failure of the stress test device in just one or two months. Before using the test device, the corrosion resistance of the stress test device should be tested first to ensure that the corrosion resistance of the stress test device is normal.

[0054] Clear combined reference Figure 8 , Figure 8The figure is a schematic diagram of the connection between the bottom plate and the pressure sensor in the stress testing device for the riprap foundation during the construction and operation periods of the present invention. In one embodiment, a plurality of lug plates 51 are provided at intervals on the pressure sensor 5, and the lug plates 51 are installed on the bottom plate 4. The lug plates 51 are provided on the pressure sensor 5, and the pressure sensor 5 is fixed to the bottom plate 4 by spot welding through the lug plates 51 to avoid damage to the pressure sensor 5 during installation.

[0055] The present invention also provides a stress testing method for a riprap bed during construction and operation, and a stress testing device for a riprap bed during construction and operation. The method comprises:

[0056] S1. Determine calculation data, which at least includes the weight of the bottom plate 4 and the pressure sensor 5, the diameter of the top plate 3, the height from the water surface to the top plate 3, the thickness of the riprap bed 10, the weight of the riprap, the contact area between the load-bearing block 21 and the top plate 3, the material friction coefficient of the load-bearing block 21, and the angle of the trapezoidal lower base angle of the trapezoidal block 22;

[0057] S2. Determine the critical lifting force and the actual lifting force of the lifting mechanism 6. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] F 抬1 =1.5F cr (2);

[0060] In the formula, F cr is the critical lifting force of the lifting mechanism 6, F 抬1 is the lifting force of the lifting mechanism 6, m is the combined weight of the bottom plate 4 and the pressure sensor 5, D is the diameter of the top plate 3, and h is 1 is the height from the water surface to the top plate 3, h 2 The thickness of the riprap bed is 10, γ 石 A is the weight of riprap. 承 is the contact area between the load-bearing block 21 and the top plate 3, μ is the material friction coefficient of the load-bearing block 21, α is the angle of the trapezoidal lower base angle of the trapezoidal block 22, and n is the number of the load-bearing blocks 21;

[0061] S3, active protection function test: apply hydrophobic lubricant to the load-bearing block 21, the trapezoidal block 22 and the lifting mechanism 6, start the lifting mechanism 6, and set the lifting force for the lifting mechanism 6 to determine whether the lifting mechanism 6 can lift the bottom plate 4 to the second position, and determine whether the lifting mechanism 6 can push the load-bearing block 21 off the main frame shell 1 through the trapezoidal block 22. If yes, execute step S4; if not, re-debug until the lifting mechanism 6 can lift the bottom plate 4 to the second position, and the lifting mechanism 6 can push the load-bearing block 21 off the main frame shell 1 through the trapezoidal block 22;

[0062] S4, determining the installation position of the stress testing device during the construction period and the operation period of the riprap base bed, and screening the blocks of the riprap base bed 10 to remove the blocks that exceed the preset height;

[0063] S5. Use two pieces of stone to level the 3D range around the installation location, and then install the stress testing device for the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period at the installation location;

[0064] S6, after the stone throwing and tamping are completed, the lifting mechanism 6 is started to lift the bottom plate 4 to the second position, and after the load-bearing block 21 falls from the main frame shell 1 and the top plate 3 abuts against the pressure sensor 5, the monitoring data of the pressure sensor 5 is read.

[0065] In the above steps S1 to S6, in order to make the stress testing device for the riprap bed construction period and operation period of the present invention applicable to the riprap bed 10 of different thickness conditions, the integrity of the stress testing device for the riprap bed construction period and operation period of the present invention is first determined, and then the calculation data required for calculating the critical lifting force and the implementation lifting force of the lifting mechanism 6 are determined, and based on the calculation data, the critical lifting force and the implementation lifting force of the lifting mechanism 6 are calculated according to formula (1) and formula (2). The derivation process of the calculation formula of the critical lifting force of the lifting mechanism 6 is as follows:

[0066] Top plate 3 pressure:

[0067] The friction force on a single load-bearing block 21 is:

[0068] The thrust of the bearing block 21: F 推 =f 承 (5);

[0069] The lifting force on a single load-bearing block 21 is:

[0070] Critical lifting force of lifting mechanism 6: F cr =nF 抬2 -mg (7);

[0071] Combining the above formulas (3) to (7) can obtain the formula for the critical lifting force of the lifting mechanism 6: In one embodiment, the number of the load-bearing blocks 21 is 6, and n=6.

[0072] Then, the pressure sensor 5 is installed on the bottom plate 4, and the lifting mechanism 6, the load-bearing mechanism 2, and the top plate 3 are respectively installed on the main frame shell 1. The load-bearing block 21, the trapezoidal block 22, and the lifting mechanism 6 are coated with hydrophobic lubricant, and the lifting mechanism 6 is started to test the active protection function, that is, the lifting force F is set for the lifting mechanism 6. 抬1, observe whether the lifting mechanism 6 can lift the base plate 4 to the second position, and whether the base plate 4 can push the load-bearing block 21 through the trapezoidal block 22 in the second position, so that the load-bearing block 21 falls from the main frame shell 1. If so, the active protection function is normal, otherwise, re-debug until the active protection function is normal. The specific debugging process is to check whether there are mechanical failures in the lifting mechanism 6, the load-bearing mechanism 2, etc., and whether the lifting force is set incorrectly.

[0073] Then use the total station to determine the installation position and conduct a comprehensive inspection of the riprap base 10. If there are large stones exceeding the preset height or a large area of ​​super-high, the super-high stones should be removed first. Use two pieces of stone to level the 3D range around the bottom of the test device; hang the stress test device from the device storage place and place it on the leveled place.

[0074] After the riprap and tamping are completed, the lifting mechanism 6 is started, and the lifting mechanism 6 gradually lifts the bottom plate 4 to the second position. During the lifting process, the bottom plate 4 will vertically push open the trapezoidal block 22, and the trapezoidal block 22 will horizontally push open the load-bearing block 21, so that the load-bearing block 21 falls from the main frame shell 1. At this time, the lifting mechanism 6 stops working, and the top plate 3 automatically falls onto the pressure sensor 5, abuts against the pressure sensor 5, and the pressure sensor 5 is stressed. In one embodiment, a plurality of elastic members 14 and support blocks 13 are provided in the main frame shell 1. When the lifting mechanism 6 lifts the bottom plate 4 to the second position, the elastic member 14 pops out the support block 13, and the bottom plate 4 is supported by the support block 13. Then the computer 9 can collect the detection data of the pressure sensor 5 through the acquisition device 8 and analyze it.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stress testing device for riprap foundation during construction and operation. It is characterized in that include: A main frame shell having a hollow interior and an open top, wherein a plurality of columns are provided at intervals along the circumference of the top of the main frame shell; A load-bearing mechanism, the load-bearing mechanism being movably arranged on the main frame shell; A top plate, wherein a plurality of first through holes are provided on the top plate for a plurality of columns to pass through respectively, and the top plate is placed on the load-bearing mechanism; A bottom plate, the bottom plate is movably arranged inside the main frame housing, and the bottom plate has a first position and a second position; A pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is arranged on the bottom plate; A lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is arranged between the main frame shell and the bottom plate, and is used to drive the bottom plate to move between a first position and a second position; wherein the height of the first position is lower than the height of the second position; A plurality of first grooves are provided on the inner wall of the main frame shell at intervals along the circumference thereof, a support block is movably provided in the first groove, an elastic member is provided between the side of the support block facing the first groove and the first groove, when the bottom plate is in the first position, the support block is located in the first groove and abuts against the side wall of the bottom plate, when the bottom plate is in the second position, the support block extends out of the first groove under the action of the elastic member and abuts against the bottom of the bottom plate; A plurality of second through holes are provided on the inner wall of the main frame shell at intervals along its circumference, the load-bearing mechanism comprises a plurality of load-bearing blocks and a plurality of trapezoidal blocks, the plurality of load-bearing blocks and the plurality of trapezoidal blocks respectively correspond to the plurality of second through holes one by one, the load-bearing blocks are located outside the main frame shell, and the load-bearing blocks are provided with load-bearing parts inserted into the corresponding second through holes, a protective cover is provided at a position of the outer wall of the main frame shell corresponding to the load-bearing blocks, the load-bearing blocks are arranged in the protective cover, the trapezoidal block is located inside the main frame shell, one end of the trapezoidal block is inserted into the corresponding second through hole and contacts with the load-bearing part, the trapezoidal inclined surface of the trapezoidal block faces the bottom plate, and when the bottom plate is located at the second position, the bottom plate pushes the load-bearing blocks off the main frame shell through the trapezoidal blocks, so that the top plate abuts against the pressure sensor; The lifting mechanism includes a gas cylinder, an electric switch, an air pipe and an airbag. A circular ring plate is provided inside the main frame shell, and the circular ring plate divides the interior of the main frame shell into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. A third through hole is provided in the middle of the circular ring plate, and a second groove for placing the airbag is provided on the top of the circular ring plate. The airbag is arranged in the second groove, and the gas cylinder is arranged in the lower chamber. The electric switch is arranged on the air outlet of the gas cylinder and is connected with one end of the air pipe. The other end of the air pipe is connected with the air inlet of the airbag after passing through the third through hole, and the bottom plate is placed on the circular ring plate.

2. The stress testing device for the riprap bed during the construction and operation period according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The annular plate is provided with a first wire outlet hole, the side wall of the main frame housing located in the lower chamber is provided with a second wire outlet hole, and the bottom plate is provided with a third wire outlet hole.

3. The stress testing device for the riprap bed during construction and operation according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The column is a polished screw, and a nut is threaded onto the polished screw.

4. The stress testing device for the riprap bed during construction and operation according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The main frame shell is a stainless steel shell, the pressure sensor is a stainless steel sensor, and the surfaces of the main frame shell and the pressure sensor are sprayed with anti-corrosion paint.

5. The stress testing device for the riprap bed during construction and operation according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A plurality of ear plates are arranged at intervals on the pressure sensor, and the ear plates are mounted on the bottom plate.

6. A stress testing method for riprap foundation during construction and operation. It is characterized in that The stress testing device for the riprap bed during construction and operation as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises: S1. Determine calculation data, wherein the calculation data at least includes the weight of the bottom plate and the pressure sensor, the diameter of the top plate, the height from the water surface to the top plate, the thickness of the riprap bed, the weight of the riprap, the contact area between the load-bearing block and the top plate, the material friction coefficient of the load-bearing block, and the angle of the trapezoidal bottom angle of the trapezoidal block; S2. Determine the critical lifting force and the actual lifting force of the lifting mechanism. The calculation formula is as follows: F 抬1 =1.5F cr (2); In the formula, F cr is the critical lifting force of the lifting mechanism, F 抬1 is the lifting force of the lifting mechanism, m is the combined weight of the bottom plate and the pressure sensor, D is the top plate diameter, and h is 1 is the height from the water surface to the top plate, h 2 is the thickness of the riprap bed, γ 石 A is the weight of riprap. 承 is the contact area between the load-bearing block and the top plate, μ is the material friction coefficient of the load-bearing block, α is the angle of the trapezoidal lower base angle of the trapezoidal block, and n is the number of load-bearing blocks; S3, testing the active protection function, the specific process is as follows: applying hydrophobic lubricant to the load-bearing block, the trapezoidal block and the lifting mechanism, starting the lifting mechanism, and setting the lifting force for the lifting mechanism to determine whether the lifting mechanism can lift the bottom plate to the second position, and whether the lifting mechanism can push the load-bearing block off the main frame shell through the trapezoidal block. If yes, perform step S4, if not, re-debug until the lifting mechanism can lift the bottom plate to the second position, and the lifting mechanism can push the load-bearing block off the main frame shell through the trapezoidal block; S4, determining the installation position of the stress testing device during the construction and operation periods of the riprap base, and screening the boulders of the riprap base to remove boulders exceeding a preset height; S5. Use two pieces of stone to level the 3D range around the installation location, and then install the stress testing device for the riprap base bed during the construction period and the operation period at the installation location; S6. After the stone throwing and tamping are completed, the lifting mechanism is started to lift the bottom plate to the second position, and after the load-bearing block falls from the main frame shell and the top plate abuts against the pressure sensor, the monitoring data of the pressure sensor is read.

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