A biomass waste pyrolysis system

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides a biomass waste cracking system. The system includes: a high-voltage pulse power supply and a load; the main part of the load is a dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber for containing biomass waste, and metal foil tapes are pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber as metal foil electrodes; a metal column electrode is provided on the metal foil electrode on the upper surface of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber, and the metal column electrode is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply; the metal foil electrode on the lower surface of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply. Obviously, the system has a simple structure, is easy to control automatically, has low energy consumption, can effectively avoid breakdown discharge, and can replace traditional energy-intensive physical field cracking systems such as microwaves, ultrasound, and pyrolysis to achieve the requirements of gentle cracking of biomass waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass waste treatment, and in particular to a biomass waste cracking system. Background Art

[0002] Biomass wastes such as kitchen waste and sludge contain abundant organic matter. In addition to their properties as energy substances, they also contain pathogens, odorous substances, microplastics and other trace pollutants. It can be said that they also have the properties of pollutants and need to be stabilized. Among the different treatment methods, anaerobic digestion is favored because it can convert biomass waste into biogas to recycle biomass energy, obtain relatively stable products, and reduce the disposal volume of biomass waste. However, some organic matter is trapped in the fibrous biofloc network structure and in microbial cells, which severely limits their hydrolysis rate and methane yield. Therefore, before anaerobic digestion, it is usually necessary to lyse or hydrolyze the biomass waste to achieve the breakage of the bioflocs and the lysis of the microbial cells, thereby promoting the release and dissolution of intracellular organic matter and improving the biodegradability of the biomass waste.

[0003] Traditional cracking systems include chemical cracking systems with acid / alkali treatment, and physical field cracking systems such as microwave, ultrasound, and pyrolysis. Among them, traditional chemical cracking systems will introduce chemical pollution into biomass waste, affecting its subsequent disposal and utilization; traditional physical field cracking systems generally have problems such as complex structure and high energy consumption. In view of this, how to develop a new cracking system with a simple structure, low energy consumption, and the ability to gently crack biomass waste has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a biomass waste pyrolysis system, the system comprising:

[0005] A high-voltage pulse power supply 1 and a load 2; the main part of the load 2 is a dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 for containing biomass waste, and metal foil tapes are pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 as metal foil electrodes 2-2; a metal column electrode 2-3 is arranged on the metal foil electrode 2-2 on the upper surface of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1, and the metal column electrode 2-3 is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1; the metal foil electrode 2-2 on the lower surface of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1.

[0006] In some implementations, the system further includes: an oscilloscope 3 ; a voltage probe 3 - 1 and a current probe 3 - 2 of the oscilloscope 3 are connected to the load 2 .

[0007] In some implementations, the system further includes: an insulating support 4 ; and a load 2 placed on top of the insulating support 4 .

[0008] In some possible implementations, the output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1 is between 0 and 60 kV, the frequency is between 1 and 1000 Hz, the pulse width is between 500 ns and 1000 μs, and the output pulse waveform is a square wave with both the rising and falling edges in nanoseconds.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 is a semi-enclosed culture dish processing chamber with two tubes extending from the side wall, with an upper and lower bottom thickness of 1 mm, an upper and lower bottom outer height between 7 and 12 mm, and an inner diameter between 40 and 60 mm.

[0010] In some implementations, the metal foil electrode 2-2 has a thickness of 0.1 mm and is adhered to the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 in a fully covering manner, and the outer edges thereof are evenly coated with liquid insulating glue.

[0011] In some implementations, the upper end of the metal column electrode 2 - 3 is provided with a screw, which is connected to a wire through a 90° terminal and a matching hexagonal nut, and the wire is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1 .

[0012] In some possible implementations, the insulating bracket 4 is a bottomless hollow pentahedral box with openings on the top and bottom of the sides. The metal foil electrode 2-2 on the lower surface of the dielectric barrier discharge treatment chamber 2-1 is connected to the wire through the metal foil tape, and the wire is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1 through the opening of the insulating bracket 4.

[0013] In some implementations, the insulating support 4 is made of a transparent insulating material.

[0014] In some implementations, the material of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2 - 1 is polytetrafluoroethylene, organic glass or quartz.

[0015] According to the embodiments of the present invention, the system has a simple structure, is easy to control automatically, has low energy consumption, can effectively avoid breakdown discharge, and can replace traditional energy-intensive physical field cracking systems such as microwaves, ultrasound, and pyrolysis to achieve the requirements of mild cracking of biomass waste. Furthermore, based on the system, it is possible to promote the release of intracellular organic matter by selectively destroying microbial cells to improve the mass transfer parameters and biodegradability of the matrix.

[0016] It should be understood that the contents described in the summary of the invention are not intended to limit the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a biomass waste pyrolysis system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A structural diagram of another biomass waste pyrolysis system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A structural diagram of a load provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 A structural diagram of an insulating bracket provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Markings in the figure: 1. high-voltage pulse power supply; 2. load; 2-1. dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber; 2-2. metal foil electrode; 2-3. metal column electrode; 3. oscilloscope; 4. insulating bracket; 3-1. voltage probe; 3-2. current probe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In addition, the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0025] Figure 1 The structure diagram of a biomass waste pyrolysis system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the biomass waste pyrolysis system may include: a high-voltage pulse power supply 1 and a load 2.

[0026] Among them, the main part of the load 2 is a dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 for placing biomass waste, and metal foil tape is pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 as a metal foil electrode 2-2; a metal column electrode 2-3 is arranged on the metal foil electrode 2-2 on the upper surface of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1, and the metal column electrode 2-3 is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1; the metal foil electrode 2-2 on the lower surface of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1.

[0027] Optionally, the metal element involved here may be copper, silver, aluminum, etc., which is not limited here.

[0028] According to the embodiments of the present invention, the system has a simple structure, is easy to control automatically, has low energy consumption, can effectively avoid breakdown discharge, and can replace traditional energy-intensive physical field cracking systems such as microwaves, ultrasound, and pyrolysis to achieve the requirements of gentle cracking of biomass waste. Furthermore, based on the system, electric energy can be repeatedly applied to microbial cells placed between two poles in the form of extremely short pulses of high-intensity voltage, thereby increasing the permeability of the cells by generating a transmembrane potential difference. When the pulse voltage amplitude reaches 1.0 to 3.0 kV / cm and the pulse width reaches more than 5 μs, the transmembrane voltage exceeds the insulation strength of the cell membrane, forming irreversible cell membrane electroporation, causing the intracellular substances to overflow, thereby improving the mass transfer parameters and biochemical properties of the matrix.

[0029] Figure 2 The structure diagram of another biomass waste pyrolysis system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 In comparison, the biomass waste pyrolysis system may further include: an oscilloscope 3 and an insulating bracket 4 .

[0030] The voltage probe 3 - 1 and the current probe 3 - 2 of the oscilloscope 3 are connected to the load 2 , and the oscilloscope 3 is used to detect and display the voltage and current borne by the load 2 .

[0031] The load 2 is placed on the top of the insulating support 4. The insulating support 4 is used to isolate the load 2 from the operating table and the ground, and plays a dual role of support and insulation protection.

[0032] It is worth noting that in order to improve safety, the high-voltage pulse power supply 1 and the oscilloscope 3 need to be grounded.

[0033] In some embodiments, the high-voltage pulse power supply 1 has a wide parameter range, with an output voltage between 0 and 60 kV, a frequency between 1 and 1000 Hz, a pulse width between 500 ns and 1000 μs, and a pulse waveform outputted by the power supply 1 being a square wave with both the rising and falling edges being in the nanosecond range. Among them, the higher voltage amplitude and square wave pulse can ensure that sufficient energy is input into the dielectric barrier discharge treatment chamber 2-1 where the biomass waste is placed, and the microsecond pulse width helps maintain the pores formed by cell membrane electroporation so as to fully release the intracellular substances.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to avoid air breakdown discharge caused by the existence of an air cavity in the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1, the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 is a semi-enclosed culture dish processing chamber with two branches extending from the side wall, and the branches are used for sample entry and exit.

[0035] In order to achieve the effect of dielectric barrier discharge, the material of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 can be a material with a large dielectric constant such as polytetrafluoroethylene, organic glass or quartz, which is not limited here; in order to reduce the upper and lower bottom pressure division of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1, the upper and lower bottom thicknesses of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 are 1mm; in order to ensure a higher specific energy input, the upper and lower bottom outer heights of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 can be between 7 and 12mm; in order to reduce the equivalent resistance, the inner diameter of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 can be between 40 and 60mm.

[0036] In order to ensure that the metal foil electrode 2-2 is firmly adhered, and no air cavity is formed on the contact surface between the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1 and the metal foil electrode 2-2, and to avoid air breakdown discharge caused by arcs formed between the two electrodes in the air, the thickness of the metal foil electrode 2-2 can be 0.1 mm, and it is fully adhered to the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber 2-1, and its outer edge is evenly coated with liquid insulating glue.

[0037] In order to facilitate the connection of the positive pole of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1, the upper end of the metal column electrode 2-3 is provided with a screw, which can be connected to a high-voltage resistant wire through a 90° terminal and a matching hexagonal nut, and the wire is connected to the positive pole of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, in order to facilitate the connection of the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1, the insulating bracket 4 is a bottomless hollow pentahedral box with openings on the top and bottom of the side, and the metal foil electrode 2-2 on the lower surface of the dielectric barrier discharge treatment chamber 2-1 is connected to the wire through the metal foil tape, and the wire is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1 through the opening of the insulating bracket 4.

[0039] In order to facilitate observation of the wire connection status, the insulating bracket 4 may be made of transparent insulating materials such as inorganic glass or organic glass, which is not limited here.

[0040] The following is a detailed description of the working process of the biomass waste pyrolysis system in conjunction with a specific embodiment, which can be specifically shown as follows:

[0041] (1) Make circuit connections to the biomass waste pyrolysis system;

[0042] (2) Injecting biomass waste into the dielectric barrier discharge treatment chamber 2-1 through the branch pipe of the dielectric barrier discharge treatment chamber 2-1.

[0043] (3) Turn on the high-voltage pulse power supply 1 to start supplying power to the load 2, and crack the biomass waste in the dielectric barrier discharge treatment chamber 2-1.

[0044] It should be noted that after the power supply starts, the amplitude current displayed by the oscilloscope 3 should be maintained at the mA level. When the detected current is high, the biomass waste should be properly washed for deionization and concentrated for dehydration or other deionization treatments, which will help reduce the partial pressure of the background medium and apply more voltage to the microbial cells, thereby improving the treatment effect. In addition, the output voltage and current of the high-voltage pulse power supply 1 should not exceed the range of the oscilloscope 3 and the carrying range of the voltage probe 3-1 and the current probe 3-2.

[0045] According to the embodiments of the present invention, at least the following technical effects are achieved:

[0046] The pulse wave width used here is in the microsecond level, the frequency is tens to hundreds of hertz, and the duty cycle is relatively low. Even if the required pulse voltage amplitude reaches tens of thousands of volts, the power is still relatively low, and it is relatively energy-saving overall. The dielectric barrier discharge treatment method can separate the metal foil electrode and the biomass waste, thereby avoiding electrode corrosion and the pollution of the biomass waste caused by corrosion. In addition, it can effectively avoid dielectric breakdown in the treatment chamber, thereby protecting the high-voltage pulse power supply from the high current caused by dielectric breakdown and extending the service life of the high-voltage pulse power supply. The dielectric barrier discharge treatment chamber described here adopts branch pipes for inlet and outlet, and metal foil tape is pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of the treatment chamber as the positive and negative poles of the load, avoiding breakdown air discharge caused by the existence of an air cavity in the dielectric barrier discharge treatment chamber; applying liquid insulating glue on the outer edge of the metal foil electrode effectively avoids tip discharge and air breakdown discharge caused by arcs formed between the two electrodes in the air.

[0047] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0048] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass waste pyrolysis system, characterized in that: The system comprises: a high-voltage pulse power supply (1) and a load (2); the main part of the load (2) is a dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber (2-1) for containing biomass waste, and metal foil tapes are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber (2-1) as metal foil electrodes (2-2); a metal column electrode (2-3) is arranged on the metal foil electrode (2-2) on the upper surface of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber (2-1), and the metal column electrode (2-3) is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply (1); the metal foil electrode (2-2) on the lower surface of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber (2-1) is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply (1); The dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber (2-1) is a semi-enclosed culture dish processing chamber with two branch pipes extending from the side wall, the branch pipes on the chamber are used for sample inlet and outlet, the upper and lower bottom thicknesses are 1 mm, the upper and lower bottom outer heights are between 7 and 12 mm, and the inner diameters are between 40 and 60 mm; the height of the branch pipe openings is higher than the height of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber (2-1) to avoid air breakdown discharge caused by the presence of an air cavity in the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber (2-1); The metal foil electrode (2-2) has a thickness of 0.1 mm and is respectively adhered to the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber (2-1) in a fully covering manner, and the outer edges thereof are evenly coated with liquid insulating glue; The material of the dielectric barrier discharge processing chamber (2-1) is polytetrafluoroethylene, organic glass or quartz.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system further comprises: an oscilloscope (3); a voltage probe (3-1) and a current probe (3-2) of the oscilloscope (3) are connected to the load (2).

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system further comprises: an insulating support (4); the load (2) is placed on top of the insulating support (4).

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The output voltage of the high-voltage pulse power supply (1) is between 0 and 60 kV, the frequency is between 1 and 1000 Hz, the pulse width is between 500 ns and 1000 μs, and the output pulse waveform is a square wave with both the rising and falling edges in the nanosecond level.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper end of the metal column electrode (2-3) is provided with a screw, which is connected to a wire via a 90° terminal and a matching hexagonal nut, and the wire is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply (1).

6. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The insulating support (4) is a bottomless hollow pentahedral box with openings on the top and bottom of the side surfaces; the metal foil electrode (2-2) on the lower surface of the dielectric barrier discharge treatment chamber (2-1) is connected to a wire via a metal foil tape; and the wire is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage pulse power supply (1) via the opening of the insulating support (4).

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that The insulating support (4) is made of a transparent insulating material.

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