Composite impermeable structure for constructing hazardous waste storage facilities using old buildings

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of composite anti-infiltration structures for constructing dangerous waste storage facilities using old buildings, including the following steps to build anti-infiltration structure: ground and wall surface treatment, plain concrete cushion construction, two cloth and one membrane laying, fine stone concrete layer pouring, waterproof cement mortar finishing, epoxy resin coating, to form a composite anti-infiltration structure from bottom to top, from inside to outside, plain concrete cushion (2), two cloth and one membrane (3), fine stone concrete layer (4), waterproof cement mortar (5), epoxy resin floor coating (6). The composite anti-infiltration structure can effectively solve the problem of high-density polyethylene geomembrane not easy to lay on the surface of wall skirt and poor fit on the basis of ensuring the integrity of high-density polyethylene geomembrane. At the same time, the wall part can effectively prevent the misplacement of high-density polyethylene geomembrane and the falling of anti-infiltration layer, providing necessary technical conditions for the long-term integrity and reliability of the anti-infiltration structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hazardous waste storage civil engineering technology, in particular to the impermeable structure of the ground and wall surface of the hazardous waste storage facility constructed by using the existing old buildings. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the changes in the source, type and disposal method of hazardous waste, the environmental pressure and risk prevention and control difficulty of hazardous waste storage have significantly increased. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the State Administration for Market Regulation jointly issued the newly revised "Hazardous Waste Storage Pollution Control Standard" (GB 18597-2023), which systematically proposes the "general provisions" of storage facility construction and the construction requirements of various storage facilities. The standard requires that units producing, collecting, storing, utilizing and disposing of hazardous waste should build hazardous waste storage facilities or set up storage sites.

[0003] In order to implement the standard requirements and improve the level of hazardous waste storage pollution prevention and control, enterprises have successively carried out standardized management of hazardous waste storage facilities, and have encountered a series of problems such as the large number of existing hazardous waste storage facilities, wide distribution, differences in equipment and facility construction and daily management level. When enterprises plan to set up special hazardous waste storage facilities, they often do not have enough space for new construction and need to use the original structure for reconstruction. Most of the buildings in the enterprise are ordinary reinforced concrete structures, which directly store hazardous waste and have the potential safety hazards of easy leakage and underground pollution, and do not meet the pollution control requirements of hazardous waste storage facilities.

[0004] The ground and skirt of the storage facility should adopt surface impermeable measures, and the hazardous waste stored directly contacting the ground should also be subjected to foundation impermeable. At present, the ground impermeable layer commonly uses 2 mm and above thick high-density polyethylene geomembrane (permeability coefficient not greater than 10 -10 cm / s) as the artificial impermeable material. However, the smooth high-density polyethylene geomembrane commonly used in engineering impermeable has a low friction coefficient, which is not easy to fix when laid on the surface of the wall skirt, and the 2 mm thick high-density polyethylene geomembrane has poor adhesion in the skirt part. Under the premise of ensuring the overall impermeable effect of high-density polyethylene geomembrane, the wall skirt part and the wall body may be misaligned and the impermeable layer may fall off.

[0005] To solve the technical defects of ordinary cement ground storing dangerous chemical waste existing leakage, China utility model patent CN 204898739 U discloses "a dangerous chemical waste warehouse anti-seepage structure", the anti-seepage structure is composed of high-strength sandstone concrete bearing layer, fine concrete layer covers on the concrete foundation layer, fine sand concrete forms fine and smooth anti-leakage layer, high molecular anti-seepage coating covers on the fine concrete layer, which is formed by high molecular special coating through multi-layer coating; wall skirt structure layer includes wall body, fine concrete layer of wall skirt and high molecular anti-seepage coating of wall skirt, fine concrete layer of wall skirt covers on the wall body, fine concrete layer of wall skirt and high molecular anti-seepage coating of wall skirt are connected with fine concrete layer and high molecular anti-seepage coating as a whole. But the high molecular anti-seepage coating selected by the anti-seepage structure is currently used for waterproofing, which is coated on the surface part of the building, and its permeability coefficient cannot meet the anti-seepage requirements of dangerous waste anti-seepage facilities. If it is directly replaced by high-density polyethylene film, the daily dangerous waste management work is easy to cause damage to the surface of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane, and the surface of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane should be walked, moved tools and the like on the film surface as little as possible after laying. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems of dislocation and peeling of high-density polyethylene film in the wall skirt part when using existing old buildings to construct dangerous waste storage facilities, and to provide a composite anti-seepage structure for constructing dangerous waste storage facilities using old buildings. The anti-seepage structure can effectively solve the problems of difficult laying and poor adhesion of high-density polyethylene geomembrane on the surface of wall skirt, while the wall part can effectively prevent dislocation and peeling of high-density polyethylene geomembrane, providing necessary technical conditions for long-term integrity and reliability of the anti-seepage structure.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present application, a composite anti-seepage structure for constructing dangerous waste storage facilities using old buildings, the ground of the existing building is ordinary cement ground, and the anti-seepage structure is constructed according to the following steps:

[0008] S1: original ground and wall surface treatment

[0009] The ground of the existing building is chiseled and treated, the surface of the wall of the existing building to be treated is removed and flattened, and the uneven parts and sundries on the ground of the existing building and the surface of the wall of the existing building are removed to enhance the adhesion with the subsequent anti-seepage structure.

[0010] S2: plain concrete cushion construction

[0011] ①Original ground concrete cushion slope: for storage of storage or storage of storage partition should be designed to facilitate the collection of leachate and the laying of impermeable membrane, the ground of the existing building for the storage of hazardous waste is paved with concrete cushion for slope; the thickness of the concrete cushion is 50-80 mm, and the slope is inclined to the leachate collection facility according to the slope of 1%-2%;

[0012] ②Wall surface concrete cushion construction: the existing building wall surface is also paved with concrete cushion.

[0013] S3: Two cloth and one membrane laying

[0014] Two cloth and one membrane are laid on the surface of the concrete cushion on the ground of the existing building and the surface of the concrete cushion on the outer layer of the wall of the existing building, the two cloth and one membrane is a geotextile impermeable material composed of high-density polyethylene membrane as impermeable base material and non-woven geotextile on both sides; the non-woven geotextile serves as a protective layer for the high-density polyethylene geotextile impermeable membrane to protect the impermeable layer from damage.

[0015] S4: Fine stone concrete layer pouring

[0016] According to the load-bearing requirements of the hazardous waste storage facility in use, fine stone concrete layers are poured on the surface of the two cloth and one membrane on the ground of the existing building and the surface of the two cloth and one membrane on the outer layer of the wall of the existing building, the thickness of the fine stone concrete layer is 150-300 mm; research shows that the construction method of pouring fine stone concrete on the surface of the two cloth and one membrane can protect the impermeable membrane and enhance the load-bearing capacity of the ground and the stability of the impermeable membrane on the wall skirt.

[0017] S5: Waterproof cement mortar finishing

[0018] Waterproof cement mortar is used to finish the surface of the fine stone concrete layer on the ground of the existing building and the surface of the fine stone concrete layer on the outer layer of the wall of the existing building to form a rigid waterproof layer, the mass ratio of cement to sand in the waterproof cement mortar is (0.9-1.1):2, and the thickness of the waterproof cement mortar layer is 15-25 mm.

[0019] S6: Epoxy resin coating

[0020] After the waterproof cement mortar is dried and consolidated, an epoxy resin coating is applied to the surface to form a high-density, easy-to-clean, and impermeable surface; the epoxy resin coating contains epoxy resin primer, epoxy mortar, and epoxy resin surface layer. The epoxy resin coating can enhance the wear resistance of the concrete floor and wall, ensure the flatness of the surface without peeling, and fill the original joints or cracks to form a high-density, easy-to-clean, and impermeable surface.

[0021] Further, the leachate collection facility adopts a leachate collection ditch, and the leachate collection ditch is arranged at the corner of the wall of the existing building near the ground of the existing building.

[0022] Further, the strength grade of the plain concrete cushion layer is C15 or C20 concrete.

[0023] Further, the thickness of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane in the two-cloth-one-membrane is 1.8-2.2 mm, and the joint needs to be welded during construction, and the non-woven geotextile has a specification of 200 g / m 2 The above.

[0024] Further, the two-cloth-one-membrane is arranged at the bottom of the leachate collection facility.

[0025] Further, the strength grade of the fine stone concrete layer is C30 concrete.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the mass ratio of cement to sand in the waterproof cement mortar is 1:2.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane in the two-cloth-one-membrane is 2 mm.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the composite impermeable structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility by using an old building has the following advantages: the structure is used for constructing an impermeable structure for a hazardous waste storage facility on the ordinary cement ground of an existing building, and on the basis of ensuring the integrity of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane, the structure can effectively solve the problems that the high-density polyethylene geomembrane is not easy to lay on the surface of the wall skirt and has poor adhesion; meanwhile, the wall part can effectively prevent the high-density polyethylene geomembrane from being misaligned and the impermeable layer from falling off, thereby providing necessary technical conditions for the long-term integrity and reliability of the impermeable structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of the composite impermeable structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility by using an old building;

[0030] Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of the composite impermeable structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility by using an old building;

[0031] The figure mark is: 1 - the ground of the existing building, 2 - the plain concrete cushion layer, 3 - the two-cloth-one-membrane, 4 - the fine stone concrete layer, 5 - the waterproof cement mortar, 6 - the epoxy resin ground coating, and 7 - the wall of the existing building. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to describe the present application, a composite impermeable structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility by using an old building is further explained in detail below in combination with an embodiment.

[0033] As shown in the partial cross-sectional schematic view of the composite impermeable structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility by using an old building of the present application and in combination with Figure 1 As can be seen, the composite impermeable structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility by using an old building of the present application is implemented by the following steps: Figure 2

[0034] S1: original ground and wall surface treatment

[0035] The original ground 1 of the existing building is subjected to a chiseling treatment, and the surface of the 1.2 m high existing building wall 7 to be subjected to the impermeable treatment is removed and leveled, and the uneven parts and sundries on the surface of the existing building ground 1 and the existing building wall 7 are removed;

[0036] S2: plain concrete cushion construction

[0037] ① Original ground plain concrete cushion slope finding: the existing building ground 1 for storing hazardous waste is subjected to slope finding by using a plain concrete cushion 2, which is designed to store the leachate and is provided with a leachate collection facility; the strength grade of the plain concrete cushion 2 is C15 concrete, and the thickness of the thinnest part is 60 mm; the slope finding is inclined to the leachate collection facility according to a slope of 2%;

[0038] ② Wall surface plain concrete cushion construction: the surface of the 1.2 m high existing building wall 7, which is removed and leveled, is also provided with a plain concrete cushion 2;

[0039] S3: two cloth and one membrane laying

[0040] The two cloth and one membrane 3 is laid on the surface of the plain concrete cushion 2 on the existing building ground 1 and the surface of the plain concrete cushion 2 on the outer layer of the existing building wall 7; the two cloth and one membrane 3 is a geotechnical impermeable material composed of a 2.0 mm high-density polyethylene membrane as an impermeable base material, and two layers of 400 g / m 2 non-woven geotextile are compounded;

[0041] S4: fine stone concrete layer pouring

[0042] According to the load-bearing requirement of the hazardous waste storage facility in use, the fine stone concrete layer 4 is poured on the surface of the two cloth and one membrane 3 on the existing building ground 1 and the surface of the two cloth and one membrane 3 on the outer layer of the existing building wall 7; the strength grade of the fine stone concrete layer 4 is C30 concrete, and the thickness is 150 mm;

[0043] S5: waterproof cement mortar finishing ​

[0044] The rigid waterproof layer is formed by using waterproof cement mortar 5 to plaster the surface of the fine stone concrete layer 4 above the ground 1 of the existing building and the surface of the fine stone concrete layer 4 of the outer layer of the wall 7 of the existing building, wherein the mass ratio of cement to sand in the waterproof cement mortar 5 is 1:2, and the thickness of the waterproof cement mortar 5 layer is 20 mm;

[0045] S6: epoxy resin coating

[0046] After the waterproof cement mortar 5 is plastered and dried and solidified, an epoxy resin coating 6 is coated on the surface of the waterproof cement mortar 5, so as to form a high-density, easy-to-clean and anti-permeation surface, wherein the epoxy resin coating 6 comprises two layers of 0.15 mm-thick epoxy primer, five layers of 5 mm-thick epoxy mortar and two layers of 0.2 mm-thick epoxy resin surface layer.

[0047] The application has been applied in a certain chemical enterprise, and the original structure is reconstructed to form a composite anti-permeation structure from bottom to top and from inside to outside, i.e., the plain concrete cushion layer 2, the two cloth one film 3, the fine stone concrete layer 4, the waterproof cement mortar 5 and the epoxy resin ground coating 6, which ensures the integrity of the high-density polyethylene geotextile anti-permeation film. The application results show that the technical scheme provided by the application seems simple, but it completely solves the problems that the high-density polyethylene geotextile anti-permeation film is not easy to lay and has poor adhesion on the surface of the wall skirt for a long time, and the wall part can effectively prevent the high-density polyethylene geotextile anti-permeation film from being dislocated and the anti-permeation layer from falling off, thereby providing necessary technical conditions for the long-term integrity and reliability of the anti-permeation structure.

Claims

1. A composite anti-seepage structure for constructing hazardous waste storage facilities using old buildings, wherein the existing building ground (1) is ordinary cement ground, characterized in that Follow these steps to build an impermeable structure: S1: Original floor and wall treatment Performing roughening treatment on the existing building ground (1), scraping and leveling the surface of the existing building wall (7) that needs to be treated for anti-seepage, and removing uneven parts and debris on the surface of the existing building ground (1) and the existing building wall (7); S2: Plain concrete cushion construction ① Slope adjustment of the original ground plain concrete cushion layer: The storage tank or storage partition used for storing leachate should be designed with leachate collection facilities, and the ground of the existing building used for storing hazardous waste (1) should be sloped with a plain concrete cushion layer (2); the thinnest thickness of the plain concrete cushion layer (2) is 50~80 mm, and the slope is inclined to the leachate collection facility at a slope of 1%~2%; ② Construction of plain concrete cushion layer on the wall: a plain concrete cushion layer (2) is also laid on the surface of the existing building wall (7) after the surface is scraped and leveled; S3: Two cloths and one membrane laying Two cloths and one membrane (3) are laid on the surface of a plain concrete cushion (2) on the ground (1) of an existing building and on the surface of a plain concrete cushion (2) on the outer layer of a wall (7) of an existing building, wherein the two cloths and one membrane (3) are geotechnical anti-seepage materials formed by using a high-density polyethylene membrane as an anti-seepage base material and being composited with a non-woven geotextile on the upper and lower surfaces; S4: Pouring of fine stone concrete layer According to the load-bearing requirements of the hazardous waste storage facility during use, a fine stone concrete layer (4) is cast on the surface of the two-cloth-one-film (3) above the existing building ground (1) and the surface of the two-cloth-one-film (3) on the outer layer of the existing building wall (7), respectively. The thickness of the fine stone concrete layer (4) is 150-300 mm; S5: Waterproof cement mortar finishing A rigid waterproof layer is formed by applying waterproof cement mortar (5) to the surface of the fine stone concrete layer (4) on the ground (1) of the existing building and the surface of the fine stone concrete layer (4) on the outer layer of the wall (7) of the existing building. The mass ratio of cement to sand in the waterproof cement mortar (5) is (0.9-1.1):2, and the thickness of the waterproof cement mortar (5) is 15-25 mm. S6: Epoxy resin coating After the waterproof cement mortar (5) is dried and solidified, an epoxy resin coating (6) is applied on the surface to form a high-density, easy-to-clean, and anti-penetration surface; the epoxy resin coating (6) contains an epoxy resin primer, epoxy mortar, and an epoxy resin surface layer.

2. The composite anti-seepage structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility using an old building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The leachate collection facility adopts a leachate collection ditch, which is arranged on the ground (1) of the existing building near the corner of the wall (7) of the existing building.

3. The composite anti-seepage structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility using an old building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The plain concrete cushion layer (2) is made of concrete with a strength grade of C15 or C20.

4. The composite anti-seepage structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility using an old building as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the high-density polyethylene geotextile impermeable membrane in the two-cloth-one-membrane (3) is 1.8~2.2mm, and the seams need to be welded during construction. The specification of the non-woven geotextile is 200 g / m 2 above.

5. The composite anti-seepage structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility using an old building as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: Two cloths and one membrane (3) are laid at the bottom of the leachate collection facility.

6. The composite anti-seepage structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility using an old building as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The fine aggregate concrete layer (4) has a strength grade of C30.

7. The composite anti-seepage structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility using an old building as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The mass ratio of cement to sand in the waterproof cement mortar (5) is 1:

2.

8. The composite anti-seepage structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility using an old building as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the high-density polyethylene geotechnical anti-seepage membrane in the two-cloth-one-membrane (3) is 2 mm.

9. The composite anti-seepage structure for constructing a hazardous waste storage facility using an old building as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The epoxy resin coating (6) contains two coats of 0.15 mm thick epoxy resin primer, 5 mm thick epoxy mortar and two coats of 0.2 mm thick epoxy resin surface layer.

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