Foil vaporization welding apparatus and method for aluminum-based energetic thin films triggered by electric pulse

Abstract

The foil vaporization welding device for triggering aluminum-based energetic film based on electric pulse comprises a foil vaporization welding tool and a discharge control system (4-1), the magnetic pulse welding tool comprises an upper base plate (1), a lower base plate (7) and a foil vaporization welding assembly arranged between the upper base plate and the lower base plate; the aluminum-based energetic film is a composite structure of a thin aluminum material and an energetic material; in the welding process, the discharge control system applies a high-frequency pulse current to the aluminum-based energetic film to heat and vaporize the thin aluminum material by electric energy, triggers the release of chemical energy of the energetic material when the aluminum material is vaporized, forms mixed energy release of electric energy and chemical energy, and drives the flyer plate and the target plate in the foil vaporization welding assembly to collide by the impact force of the energy release, so that the two are welded and connected; the present application can solve the defects existing in the existing foil vaporization welding technology, such as poor welding effect repeatability, limited welding range, high requirements for power supply system and circuit parameters and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foil vaporization welding for joining dissimilar metal plates, and in particular to an apparatus and method for foil vaporization welding based on an aluminum-based energetic thin film triggered by an electrical pulse. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of reducing fossil fuel consumption and lowering emissions, lightweight structures composed of multiple materials are increasingly used in industries such as aerospace, automotive, shipbuilding, and electronics, making multi-material design for lightweight applications increasingly important. Compared to alloys, composite plates of dissimilar metals can leverage the performance advantages of different materials, significantly improving component quality and possessing significant application value in lightweight and multifunctional manufacturing. However, due to the performance differences between different metals (such as melting point and thermal conductivity), traditional joining techniques are not always sufficient to meet the challenging requirements of these multi-material designs.

[0003] Dissimilar metal materials can be joined in a solid state using high-energy-rate forming (HERF) high-impact welding, a technique that traditionally makes welding nearly impossible. Foil vaporization welding, a type of HERF welding, is a highly promising technology, especially for joining dissimilar metals. It requires no high conductivity of the materials and has a forming time in the microsecond range, resulting in high production efficiency. However, foil vaporization welding also has drawbacks, including poor repeatability of welds, limited welding range, and stringent requirements for power supply systems and circuit parameters.

[0004] Aluminum-based energetic thin films can be divided into two types according to the reaction type. One type is aluminum-based energetic thin films with metal / oxide properties, which can undergo redox reactions and release a large amount of heat when heated or subjected to strong impact. The other type is aluminum-based energetic thin films with metal / metal and metal / non-metal properties, which can undergo alloying reactions and release heat under external energy stimulation.

[0005] Energetic materials are substances that, when excited, can release enormous amounts of energy in a short time through their own chemical reactions without the need for external substances. Relatively speaking, novel energetic materials possess numerous advantages, including high energy density, high enthalpy of formation, low insensitivity, high safety, ease of storage, and the ability to release large amounts of energy through independent chemical reactions.

[0006] Currently, research on novel energetic materials mainly focuses on preparation processes, characterization, and basic property testing, particularly the synthesis, ignition, combustion, safety, stability, and sensitivity of nano-aluminothermic agents, which are primarily used in the defense industry's pharmaceutical sector. There are no reports of successful applications in the vaporization welding of dissimilar metal sheets and foils. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention proposes a foil vaporization welding device and method based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film, which can solve the defects in existing foil vaporization welding technology, such as poor repeatability of welding effect, limited welding range, and high requirements for power supply system and circuit parameters.

[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0009] A foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film includes a foil vaporization welding fixture and a discharge control system (4-1). The magnetic pulse welding fixture includes an upper substrate (1), a lower substrate (7), and a foil vaporization welding assembly disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate.

[0010] The aluminum-based energetic thin film is a composite structure of thin aluminum material and energetic material;

[0011] During the welding process, the discharge control system applies a high-frequency pulse current to the aluminum-based energetic film, using electrical energy to heat up and vaporize the thin aluminum material. When the aluminum material vaporizes, it triggers the release of chemical energy from the energetic material, forming a mixed release of electrical and chemical energy. The impact force of the released energy drives the fly plate in the foil vaporization welding assembly to collide with the target plate, thus completing the welding connection between the two.

[0012] The foil vaporization welding assembly includes, from top to bottom, an upper top plate (14), a target plate (13), a gasket (12), a fly plate (11), an aluminum-based energetic film (10), a lower top plate (9), and a bakelite base plate (8); it also includes a foil-pressing copper block (3) for contacting the aluminum-based energetic film; the discharge control system applies a high-frequency pulse current to the aluminum-based energetic film via a conductive copper strip (5).

[0013] The conductive copper strip is fixed above the base plate, and the foil copper block is fixed above the conductive copper strip by small studs and fastening nuts. The aluminum-based energetic film is sandwiched between the conductive copper strip and the foil copper block at both ends, and one end of the conductive copper strip is connected to the discharge control system.

[0014] The discharge control system includes a transformer (21), a rectifier (19), a charging resistor (20), a charging switch (23), a capacitor (18), a discharge air switch (24), and related connecting wires;

[0015] The primary side of the transformer is connected to a 220V AC power supply (22), and the secondary side is connected in series with a rectifier, a charging resistor, a capacitor and a charging switch.

[0016] One end of the capacitor is connected to one terminal of a conductive copper strip via a discharge air switch, and the other end of the capacitor is connected to the other terminal of the conductive copper strip, so that after the aluminum-based energetic film is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the discharge control system, a high-frequency pulse current flows from the capacitor to the aluminum-based energetic film.

[0017] The aluminum-based energetic film is covered with polyimide insulating (4-3) tape to reduce the resistance of the power-carrying circuit and improve the energy utilization rate of the system.

[0018] The base plate is a bakelite base plate (8); the conductive copper strip is fixed to the top of the bakelite base plate by a small stud (4) and a fastening nut (2);

[0019] The through holes of the bakelite base plate and the lower substrate are countersunk holes. The small studs used for connection are recessed in the bakelite base plate, and the large studs (6) used for connection are recessed in the lower substrate for insulation protection to prevent leakage. The countersunk holes are hexagonal, and the heads of both the large and small studs can be placed into the countersunk holes and constrained by the holes.

[0020] An assembly method for an aluminum-based energetic thin film foil vaporization welding device based on an electric pulse triggering method, used in the aforementioned aluminum-based energetic thin film foil vaporization welding device, includes the following steps:

[0021] Step S1, component assembly, specifically: fix the bakelite base plate to the lower substrate using large studs, then fix the conductive copper strip to the bakelite base plate using small studs, then fix the foil copper block to the conductive copper strip using small studs; finally, place the lower top plate, aluminum-based energetic film, foil copper block, fly plate, gasket, target plate, upper top plate, and upper substrate in sequence on the bakelite base plate, and fix the upper substrate to the lower substrate using large studs;

[0022] Step S2, foil fastening, specifically: after assembling according to the assembly sequence described in step S1, tighten the fixing nut (17) on the bakelite base plate, tighten the fastening nut (2) on the conductive copper strip, so that the bakelite base plate and the conductive copper strip are fixed; then tighten the fastening nut on the copper block at both ends of the aluminum-based energetic film placed between the conductive copper strip and the foil copper block, to ensure that the aluminum-based energetic film is fixed, so as to ensure the stability when the high-frequency pulse current passes through. Connect the positive and negative leads to the conductive copper strip and tighten them with the fastening nut. Finally, tighten the fixing nut on the upper substrate to achieve the fastening of the tooling.

[0023] A welding method for a foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film, used in the aforementioned electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film foil vaporization welding device, the welding method includes the following steps;

[0024] Step A1: In the charging circuit, the 220V AC power supply is first stepped up by the transformer, and then the AC power is converted into DC power by the rectifier. Then the DC current is passed to charge the capacitor.

[0025] Step A2: When the charging voltage reaches the predetermined voltage, disconnect the charging circuit and trigger the discharge air switch to cause the capacitor to generate a high-frequency pulse current for discharge.

[0026] Step A3: When the discharge current flows through the aluminum-based energetic thin film, the film undergoes heating-vaporization-mixed energy release. The energy release impact force drives the fly plate to strike the target plate, causing a metal jet to be generated between the two and connecting them, thus completing the foil vaporization welding process of the aluminum-based energetic thin film triggered by the electric pulse.

[0027] The method for preparing and using aluminum-based energetic thin films in a foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film, is used in the above-mentioned foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film, characterized in that: the composite structure of the thin aluminum material and the energetic material includes a composite aluminum-based energetic thin film, a powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film, or a magnetron sputtered aluminum-based energetic thin film.

[0028] The preparation and application method of composite aluminum-based energetic thin film is as follows: During the production stage of aluminum foil, other metal-based energetic materials are added, and the aluminum material (8-2) and the metal-based energetic material (8-1) of the composite aluminum-based energetic thin film are combined by hot rolling or cold rolling. When a high-frequency pulse current flows through the composite strip, the weak point of the composite strip is the heating-vaporization-mixing energy release region (8-3) of the composite aluminum-based energetic thin film.

[0029] The preparation and use method of powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film is as follows: energetic material powder (9-1) is evenly spread on the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum material (9-2) of the powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film at the detonation position in proportion, so that the aluminum material reacts chemically with the energetic material powder when it is vaporized, thereby forming the mixed energy release region (9-3) of the powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film.

[0030] The preparation and application method of magnetron sputtering aluminum-based energetic thin film is as follows: by using magnetron sputtering technology, aluminum material (10-2) and energetic material (10-1) of magnetron sputtering aluminum-based energetic thin film are laid layer by layer so that the aluminum material and energetic material react more fully when high-frequency pulse current flows through.

[0031] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: Based on foil vaporization welding, it introduces energetic materials to control the explosion range of the aluminum-based energetic film. Furthermore, the aluminum-based film with added energetic materials, under the combined action of electrical and chemical energy, can achieve a larger welding area, indirectly enabling repeatable welding effects. Simultaneously, the combined energy release with the energetic material reduces the "sole" dependence on high-energy-storage pulse discharge equipment. Using an aluminum-based energetic film as the triggering material and controlling it with an external circuit system offers higher operational safety and control reliability compared to traditional explosive welding techniques. Therefore, this patent has strong practicality and broad application prospects.

[0032] In this invention, the use of electrical energy to vaporize aluminum creates a high-heat environment, resulting in the combined effect of electrical and chemical energy, which enhances the impact force of the energy release process and optimizes the welding effect.

[0033] This invention proposes a method for preparing aluminum-based energetic thin films by layering aluminum and other energetic materials using magnetron sputtering technology. When a high-frequency pulsed current flows through the thin film prepared by this method, the aluminum and energetic materials can achieve the most complete reaction, and the foil vaporization welding effect is the best. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0035] Appendix Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the device structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the foil vaporization welding fixture and the discharge control system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the aluminum-based energetic thin film and the discharge control system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Appendix Figure 5 This is a top view schematic diagram of the bakelite base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Appendix Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the bakelite base according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Appendix Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the substrate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Appendix Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the vaporization and energy release process of the composite aluminum-based energetic thin film according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Appendix Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the vaporization and energy release process of a powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Appendix Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the vaporization and energy release process of an aluminum-based energetic thin film by magnetron sputtering, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] In the diagram: 1 Upper substrate; 2 Fastening nut; 3 Copper foil block; 4 Small stud; 5 Conductive copper strip; 6 Large stud; 7 Lower substrate; 8 Bakelite base plate; 9 Lower top plate; 10 Aluminum-based energetic film; 11 Flying plate; 12 Gasket; 13 Target plate; 14 Upper top plate; 15 Gasket; 16 Spring washer; 17 Fixing nut; 18 Capacitor; 19 Rectifier; 20 Charging resistor; 21 Transformer; 22 220V AC power supply; 23 Charging switch; 24 Discharge air switch; 4-1 Discharge control system; 4-2 Powder energetic material; 4-3 Polyimide insulation; 5-1 Large stud through hole; 5-2 Small stud through hole; 5-3 Conductive copper strip placement groove; 5-4 Lower top plate placement groove; 6-1 Small stud countersunk hole; 7-1 Large stud countersunk hole;

[0046] 8-1 Energetic material of composite aluminum-based energetic thin film; 8-2 Aluminum material of composite aluminum-based energetic thin film; 8-3 Heating-vaporization-mixing energy release region of composite aluminum-based energetic thin film;

[0047] 9-1 Energetic material powder; 9-2 Aluminum material for powdered aluminum-based energetic thin films; 9-3 Energy release from mixed powders; 10-1 Energetic materials;

[0048] 10-1 Energetic material of magnetron sputtered aluminum-based energetic thin film; 10-2 Aluminum material of magnetron sputtered aluminum-based energetic thin film; 10-3 Energy release region of magnetron sputtered aluminum-based energetic thin film. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0050] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0051] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0052] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the foil vaporization welding device based on electric pulse triggering of aluminum-based energetic thin film includes foil vaporization welding fixture and discharge control system 4-1. The magnetic pulse welding fixture includes upper substrate 1, lower substrate 7 and foil vaporization welding assembly disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate.

[0053] The aluminum-based energetic thin film is a composite structure of thin aluminum material and energetic material;

[0054] During the welding process, the discharge control system applies a high-frequency pulse current to the aluminum-based energetic film, using electrical energy to heat up and vaporize the thin aluminum material. When the aluminum material vaporizes, it triggers the release of chemical energy from the energetic material, forming a mixed release of electrical and chemical energy. The impact force of the released energy drives the fly plate in the foil vaporization welding assembly to collide with the target plate, thus completing the welding connection between the two.

[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the foil vaporization welding assembly includes, from top to bottom, an upper top plate 14, a target plate 13, a gasket 12, a fly plate 11, an aluminum-based energetic film 10, a lower top plate 9, and a bakelite base plate 8; it also includes a foil-pressing copper block 3 for contacting the aluminum-based energetic film; the discharge control system applies a high-frequency pulse current to the aluminum-based energetic film via a conductive copper strip 5.

[0056] The conductive copper strip is fixed above the base plate, and the foil copper block is fixed above the conductive copper strip by small studs and fastening nuts. The aluminum-based energetic film is sandwiched between the conductive copper strip and the foil copper block at both ends, and one end of the conductive copper strip is connected to the discharge control system.

[0057] The discharge control system includes a transformer 21, a rectifier 19, a charging resistor 20, a charging switch 23, a capacitor 18, a discharge air switch 24, and related connecting wires.

[0058] The primary side of the transformer is connected to a 220V AC power supply 22, and the secondary side is connected in series with a rectifier, a charging resistor, a capacitor and a charging switch.

[0059] One end of the capacitor is connected to one terminal of a conductive copper strip via a discharge air switch, and the other end of the capacitor is connected to the other terminal of the conductive copper strip, so that after the aluminum-based energetic film is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the discharge control system, a high-frequency pulse current flows from the capacitor to the aluminum-based energetic film.

[0060] The aluminum-based energetic film is covered with polyimide insulating 4-3 tape to reduce the resistance of the power-carrying circuit and improve the energy utilization rate of the system.

[0061] The base plate is a bakelite base plate 8; the conductive copper strip is fixed to the top of the bakelite base plate by small studs 4 and fastening nuts 2.

[0062] The through holes of the bakelite base plate and the lower substrate are countersunk holes. The small studs used for connection are recessed in the bakelite base plate, and the large studs 6 used for connection are recessed in the lower substrate for insulation protection and to prevent leakage. The countersunk holes are regular hexagonal, and the heads of both the large and small studs can be inserted into the countersunk holes and constrained by the holes.

[0063] An assembly method for an aluminum-based energetic thin film foil vaporization welding device based on an electric pulse triggering method, used in the aforementioned aluminum-based energetic thin film foil vaporization welding device, includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S1, component assembly, specifically: fix the bakelite base plate to the lower substrate using large studs, then fix the conductive copper strip to the bakelite base plate using small studs, then fix the foil copper block to the conductive copper strip using small studs; finally, place the lower top plate, aluminum-based energetic film, foil copper block, fly plate, gasket, target plate, upper top plate, and upper substrate in sequence on the bakelite base plate, and fix the upper substrate to the lower substrate using large studs;

[0065] Step S2, foil fastening, specifically: After assembling according to the assembly sequence described in step S1, tighten the fixing nut 17 on the bakelite base plate and tighten the fastening nut 2 on the conductive copper strip to fix the bakelite base plate and the conductive copper strip; then tighten the fastening nuts on the foil-pressing copper blocks at both ends of the aluminum-based energetic film placed between the conductive copper strip and the foil-pressing copper block to ensure the aluminum-based energetic film is fixed, so as to ensure the stability when the high-frequency pulse current passes through; connect the positive and negative leads to the conductive copper strip and tighten them with the fastening nuts; finally, tighten the fixing nut on the upper substrate to achieve the fastening of the tooling.

[0066] A welding method for a foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film, used in the aforementioned electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film foil vaporization welding device, the welding method includes the following steps;

[0067] Step A1: In the charging circuit, the 220V AC power supply is first stepped up by the transformer, and then the AC power is converted into DC power by the rectifier. Then the DC current is passed to charge the capacitor.

[0068] Step A2: When the charging voltage reaches the predetermined voltage, disconnect the charging circuit and trigger the discharge air switch to cause the capacitor to generate a high-frequency pulse current for discharge.

[0069] Step A3: When the discharge current flows through the aluminum-based energetic thin film, the film undergoes heating-vaporization-mixed energy release. The energy release impact force drives the fly plate to strike the target plate, causing a metal jet to be generated between the two and connecting them, thus completing the foil vaporization welding process of the aluminum-based energetic thin film triggered by the electric pulse.

[0070] The method for preparing and using aluminum-based energetic thin films in a foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film, is used in the above-mentioned foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film, characterized in that: the composite structure of the thin aluminum material and the energetic material includes a composite aluminum-based energetic thin film, a powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film, or a magnetron sputtered aluminum-based energetic thin film.

[0071] The preparation and application method of composite aluminum-based energetic thin film is as follows: During the production stage of aluminum foil, other metal-based energetic materials are added, and the aluminum material 8-2 and the metal-based energetic material 8-1 of the composite aluminum-based energetic thin film are combined by hot rolling or cold rolling. When a high-frequency pulse current flows through the composite strip, the weak part of the composite strip is the heating-vaporization-mixing energy release region 8-3 of the composite aluminum-based energetic thin film.

[0072] The preparation and application method of powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film is as follows: energetic material powder 9-1 is evenly spread on the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum material 9-2 at the detonation position of the powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film in proportion, so that the aluminum material reacts chemically with the energetic material powder when it is vaporized, thereby forming the mixed energy release region 9-3 of the powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film.

[0073] The preparation and application method of magnetron sputtering aluminum-based energetic thin film is as follows: by using magnetron sputtering technology, aluminum material 10-2 and energetic material 10-1 of magnetron sputtering aluminum-based energetic thin film are laid layer by layer, so that the aluminum material and energetic material can react more fully when high-frequency pulse current flows through.

[0074] In this example, the energetic material is a mixture of combustibles and oxidants, enabling the welding apparatus to perform welding operations in a vacuum or oxygen-free environment.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film, characterized in that: The foil vaporization welding device includes a foil vaporization welding fixture and a discharge control system (4-1). The foil vaporization welding device includes an upper substrate (1), a lower substrate (7), and a foil vaporization welding assembly disposed between the upper substrate and the lower substrate. The aluminum-based energetic thin film is a composite structure of thin aluminum material and energetic material; During the welding process, the discharge control system applies a high-frequency pulse current to the aluminum-based energetic film, using electrical energy to heat up and vaporize the thin aluminum material. When the aluminum material vaporizes, it triggers the release of chemical energy of the energetic material, forming a mixed release of electrical and chemical energy. The impact force of the released energy drives the fly plate in the foil vaporization welding assembly to collide with the target plate, so that the two complete the welding connection. The foil vaporization welding assembly includes, from top to bottom, an upper top plate (14), a target plate (13), a gasket (12), a fly plate (11), an aluminum-based energetic film (10), a lower top plate (9), and a bakelite base plate (8); it also includes a foil-pressing copper block (3) for contacting the aluminum-based energetic film; the discharge control system applies a high-frequency pulse current to the aluminum-based energetic film via a conductive copper strip (5); The conductive copper strip is fixed above the base plate, and the foil copper block is fixed above the conductive copper strip by small studs and fastening nuts. The aluminum-based energetic film is sandwiched between the conductive copper strip and the foil copper block at both ends, and one end of the conductive copper strip is connected to the discharge control system.

2. The foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge control system includes a transformer (21), a rectifier (19), a charging resistor (20), a charging switch (23), a capacitor (18), a discharge air switch (24), and related connecting wires; The primary side of the transformer is connected to a 220V AC power supply (22), and the secondary side is connected in series with a rectifier, a charging resistor, a capacitor and a charging switch. One end of the capacitor is connected to one terminal of a conductive copper strip via a discharge air switch, and the other end of the capacitor is connected to the other terminal of the conductive copper strip, so that after the aluminum-based energetic film is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the discharge control system, a high-frequency pulse current flows from the capacitor to the aluminum-based energetic film.

3. The foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum-based energetic film is covered with polyimide insulating (4-3) tape to reduce the resistance of the power-carrying circuit and improve the energy utilization rate of the system.

4. The foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate is a bakelite base plate (8); the conductive copper strip is fixed to the top of the bakelite base plate by a small stud (4) and a fastening nut (2); The through holes of the bakelite base plate and the lower substrate are countersunk holes. The small studs used for connection are recessed in the bakelite base plate, and the large studs (6) used for connection are recessed in the lower substrate for insulation protection to prevent leakage. The countersunk holes are hexagonal, and the heads of both the large and small studs can be placed into the countersunk holes and constrained by the holes.

5. An assembly method for a foil vaporization welding apparatus based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film, used in the foil vaporization welding apparatus based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The assembly method includes the following steps: Step S1, component assembly, specifically: fix the bakelite base plate to the lower substrate using large studs, then fix the conductive copper strip to the bakelite base plate using small studs, then fix the foil copper block to the conductive copper strip using small studs; finally, place the lower top plate, aluminum-based energetic film, foil copper block, fly plate, gasket, target plate, upper top plate, and upper substrate in sequence on the bakelite base plate, and fix the upper substrate to the lower substrate using large studs; Step S2, foil fastening, specifically: after assembling according to the assembly sequence of step S1, tighten the fixing nut (17) on the bakelite base plate, tighten the fastening nut (2) on the conductive copper strip, so that the bakelite base plate and the conductive copper strip are fixed; then tighten the fastening nut on the foil-pressed copper block at both ends of the aluminum-based energetic film placed between the conductive copper strip and the foil-pressed copper block, to ensure that the aluminum-based energetic film is fixed, so as to ensure the stability when the high-frequency pulse current passes through. Connect the positive and negative leads to the conductive copper strip and tighten them with the fastening nut. Finally, tighten the fixing nut on the upper substrate to achieve the fastening of the tooling.

6. A welding method for a foil vaporization welding apparatus based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film, used in the foil vaporization welding apparatus based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The welding method includes the following steps; Step A1: In the charging circuit, the 220V AC power supply is first stepped up by the transformer, and then the AC power is converted into DC power by the rectifier. Then the DC current is passed to charge the capacitor. Step A2: When the charging voltage reaches the predetermined voltage, disconnect the charging circuit and trigger the discharge air switch to cause the capacitor to generate a high-frequency pulse current for discharge. Step A3: When the discharge current flows through the aluminum-based energetic thin film, the film undergoes heating-vaporization-mixed energy release. The energy release impact force drives the fly plate to strike the target plate, causing a metal jet to be generated between the two and connecting them, thus completing the foil vaporization welding process of the aluminum-based energetic thin film triggered by the electric pulse.

7. A method for preparing an aluminum-based energetic thin film using an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film foil vaporization welding apparatus, used in the electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film foil vaporization welding apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: The composite structure of the thin aluminum material and the energetic material includes composite aluminum-based energetic thin film, powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film, or magnetron sputtered aluminum-based energetic thin film.

8. The method for preparing aluminum-based energetic thin films using the foil vaporization welding device based on an electrically pulse-triggered aluminum-based energetic thin film according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation and application method of composite aluminum-based energetic thin film is as follows: During the production stage of aluminum foil, other metal-based energetic materials are added, and the aluminum material (8-2) and the metal-based energetic material (8-1) of the composite aluminum-based energetic thin film are combined by hot rolling or cold rolling. When a high-frequency pulse current flows through the composite strip, the weak point of the composite strip is the heating-vaporization-mixing energy release region (8-3) of the composite aluminum-based energetic thin film. The preparation and use method of powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film is as follows: energetic material powder (9-1) is evenly spread on the upper and lower surfaces of the aluminum material (9-2) of the powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film at the detonation position in proportion, so that the aluminum material reacts chemically with the energetic material powder when it is vaporized, thereby forming the mixed energy release region (9-3) of the powdered aluminum-based energetic thin film. The preparation and application method of magnetron sputtering aluminum-based energetic thin film is as follows: by using magnetron sputtering technology, aluminum material (10-2) and energetic material (10-1) of magnetron sputtering aluminum-based energetic thin film are laid layer by layer so that the aluminum material and energetic material react more fully when high-frequency pulse current flows through.

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