A heat treatment quenching system for wear-resistant steel balls

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heat treatment quenching system for wear-resistant steel balls, which includes: an inlet pipe unit, the inlet end of which is seamlessly connected to the outlet of the heating furnace; a heating component, a temperature equalizing and constant temperature component, and a guiding component for the wear-resistant steel balls to roll or slide are arranged inside the inlet pipe unit; a quenching pool, the outlet end of the inlet pipe unit is located directly above the quenching pool; a multi-layer flow liquid injection component, which is arranged in the quenching pool and the liquid outlet is horizontally arranged; a liquid flushing and tumbling component, which is rotatably arranged in the quenching pool and is located below the multi-layer flow liquid injection unit; a quenching quantity self-adaptive adjustment unit, which is arranged in the quenching pool and is connected to the liquid flushing and tumbling component, and mechanically self-adaptively adjusts the inclination angle of the liquid flushing port of the liquid flushing and tumbling component and the quantity of the quenching liquid entering the multi-layer liquid injection component and the liquid flushing and tumbling component according to the rate of the wear-resistant steel balls entering the quenching pool. The present invention can ensure that the surfaces of all regions of the wear-resistant steel balls maintain a predetermined temperature before quenching, and after entering the quenching liquid, the surfaces are cooled uniformly synchronously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment of wear-resistant steel balls, and particularly to a heat treatment quenching system for wear-resistant steel balls. Background Art

[0002] Wear-resistant steel balls are a kind of grinding medium used in ball mills for grinding materials in the mills. Wear-resistant steel balls are obtained by casting, hot rolling or forging materials such as chromium alloy cast iron, ductile iron, and round steel, and then through heat treatment. Depending on the raw materials used, wear-resistant steel balls have different surface hardnesses and core hardnesses, so as to be used for grinding various different materials.

[0003] At present, medium and large-sized enterprises and products with higher requirements for grinding quality all use wear-resistant steel balls with higher surface hardness, so that the grinding of materials can be completed quickly and with high quality. To complete the grinding of materials at high speed, it is necessary to apply the maximum grinding force as much as possible, but at the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the breakage rate of wear-resistant steel balls is at a relatively low level and reduce the frequency of maintenance and repair. When wear-resistant steel balls are grinding, all regions on the surface are alternately stressed. Therefore, the higher the uniformity of the surface hardness, the lower the breakage rate when applying the maximum grinding force within its normal fatigue cycle, and at the same time, the less surface material loss. When grinding some special materials (high hardness and high purity), higher requirements are imposed on the surface hardness of wear-resistant steel balls, and the error range of its surface hardness cannot exceed ±1 HRC, and even cannot exceed ±0.5 HRC. When wear-resistant steel balls are quenched, when they enter the quenching liquid at a predetermined temperature, the difference in the surface cooling rate at the time of contact will cause uneven surface hardness. At this time, how to make the wear-resistant steel balls cool down as evenly as possible when entering the quenching liquid is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat treatment quenching system for wear-resistant steel balls, which can ensure that all regions on the surface of the wear-resistant steel balls maintain a predetermined temperature before quenching, and after entering the quenching liquid, the surface cools down synchronously and evenly.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A heat treatment quenching system for wear-resistant steel balls, comprising:

[0007] An inlet pipe unit, the inlet end of which is seamlessly connected to the outlet of the heating furnace, and the end face of the outlet end is spaced no more than 10 cm from the surface of the quenching liquid; a heating component, a temperature equalizing and constant temperature component, and a guiding component for the wear-resistant steel balls to roll or slide are arranged inside the inlet pipe unit;

[0008] A quenching pool, the outlet end of the inlet pipe unit is located directly above the quenching pool;

[0009] The multi-layer flow injection liquid component is arranged in the quenching pool, the liquid outlet is horizontally arranged, and the wear-resistant steel ball at the outlet end of the inlet pipe unit falling into the quenching pool is located directly behind the liquid outlet;

[0010] The liquid impact and tumbling component is rotatably arranged in the quenching pool, located below the multi-layer flow injection liquid unit, the liquid impact port is arranged obliquely upward, pointing to the downstream of the liquid outlet of the multi-layer flow injection liquid component;

[0011] The quenching quantity adaptive adjustment unit is arranged in the quenching pool, connected to the liquid impact and tumbling component, and mechanically and adaptively adjusts the inclination angle of the liquid impact port of the liquid impact and tumbling component and the quantity of quenching liquid entering the multi-layer injection liquid component and the liquid impact and tumbling component through the rate of the wear-resistant steel balls entering the quenching pool.

[0012] Furthermore, the inlet pipe unit includes:

[0013] The pipe body;

[0014] The heating component is arranged inside the pipe body and is an electromagnetic heating coil;

[0015] The temperature equalizing and constant temperature component includes an annular air duct, the inner end is arranged on the inlet end of the inlet pipe unit in contact with the inner wall of the pipe body, its outer end is communicated with the air outlet of the air pump, and the inner end is located inside the pipe body;

[0016] The guiding component is made of high-temperature resistant material and is arranged in the pipe body in a grid-like structure, leaving a gap between it and the inner wall of the pipe body.

[0017] Furthermore, the temperature equalizing and constant temperature component further includes:

[0018] The spiral guide vanes are arranged in a spiral shape inside the pipe body, and the head end is located inside the annular air duct;

[0019] A number of flow equalizing vanes are arranged at the tail of the pipe body and are evenly distributed in a circumferential array around the axis of the pipe body; the plate surface of the flow equalizing vanes is coplanar with the axis of the pipe body.

[0020] Furthermore, the inner wall of the outer end of the temperature equalizing and constant temperature component is frustum-shaped, and the smaller opening faces the outside of the pipe body;

[0021] The temperature equalizing and constant temperature component further includes: a number of air output control vanes are arranged at the tail outlet end of the pipe body, and a number of air output control vanes enclose a ring; the air output control vanes are high-temperature memory alloy sheets, and control to open the ring as the ambient temperature rises;

[0022] The air pressure at the air outlet of the air pump is adjustable and constant.

[0023] Furthermore, the multi-layer flow injection liquid component includes:

[0024] The laminar flow plate is vertically arranged in the quenching pool; the inside of the laminar flow plate is hollow and communicated with the outlet of the liquid inlet pump;

[0025] A plurality of laminar flow nozzles, in a plate shape, are horizontally arranged at uniform intervals, the head ends are fixedly connected to the laminar flow plate, and the inside is communicated with the inside of the laminar flow plate; the liquid outlet is in a plate shape; a pressure and flow rate adaptive adjustment mechanism is arranged inside the laminar flow nozzle to adjust the flow rate entering the laminar flow nozzle according to the pressure;

[0026] A plurality of equalizing plates are arranged in the laminar flow nozzles at uniform intervals, and a plurality of through holes are arranged in the middle of the equalizing plates.

[0027] Further, the pressure and flow rate adaptive adjustment mechanism includes:

[0028] A guide ring is arranged inside the laminar flow nozzle;

[0029] A guide rod is sleeved inside the guide ring and can slide along the guide rod;

[0030] A pressure plate is arranged inside the head end of the laminar flow nozzle, covering a part of the cavity of the laminar flow nozzle and connected to the head end of the guide rod;

[0031] A spring is sleeved on the guide rod and is located between the guide ring and the pressure plate, and the two ends are respectively abutted against the guide ring and the pressure plate;

[0032] A control body is arranged at the tail end of the guide rod, and the end is in a wedge shape;

[0033] An intercepting body is arranged inside the laminar flow nozzle, and a structure matching the shape of the control body is arranged on the surface facing the control body; when the control body and the intercepting body approach, the gap between them is reduced, and when the control body and the intercepting body move away, the gap between them is enlarged, and there is still a gap between the control body and the intercepting body.

[0034] Further, a flow stabilizing plate is arranged between the laminar flow nozzles, the end of the flow stabilizing plate exceeds the tail end of the laminar flow nozzle, and the end surface of the flow stabilizing plate is smoothly transitioned with the upper and lower plate surfaces uniformly.

[0035] Further, the liquid flushing and tumbling assembly includes:

[0036] A wire frame, the inside of which is hollow and communicated with each other, and the wire frame is connected to the quenching pool through a quenching quantity adaptive adjustment unit; the inside of the wire frame is communicated with the outlet of the liquid inlet pump;

[0037] A plurality of liquid flushing nozzles are arranged on the wire frame at uniform intervals and are communicated with the inside of the wire frame; a pressure and flow rate adaptive adjustment mechanism and an interval flow interruption mechanism are sequentially arranged inside the liquid flushing nozzles from the head end to the tail end; a necking and pressure boosting part is arranged at the tail end of the liquid flushing nozzle;

[0038] The interval flow interruption mechanism includes:

[0039] An annular elastomer is internally provided on the inner wall of the liquid injection nozzle; the cross-section of the elastomer is C-shaped; the cross-section of the liquid injection nozzle at the position of the elastomer is constricted; a through hole is provided on the liquid injection nozzle to communicate the chamber formed between the outer side surface of the elastomer and the inner wall of the liquid injection nozzle with the outside.

[0040] Further, the quenching quantity adaptive adjustment unit includes:

[0041] A main spindle rod is arranged in the quenching pool;

[0042] A main sleeve is sleeved on the main spindle rod, and a first main gear and a second main gear are sleeved on it; the wire frame is connected to the sleeve through a torsion spring;

[0043] A secondary spindle rod is arranged parallel to the main spindle rod;

[0044] A secondary sleeve is sleeved on the secondary spindle rod, and a secondary gear is sleeved on it; the secondary gear meshes with the first main gear;

[0045] A quenching liquid flow regulating plate is connected to the secondary sleeve through a support rod; after the system works and when no wear-resistant steel balls enter the quenching pool, the quenching liquid flow regulating plate is parallel to the wire frame; a plurality of holes are provided on the quenching liquid flow regulating plate; the holes are denser closer to the laminar flow nozzle on the quenching liquid flow regulating plate; a plurality of hinged cover plates are provided on the holes;

[0046] A manually adjustable liquid inlet pump, a control gear meshing with the second main gear is provided on the handwheel; the control gear meshes with the second driving tooth; the liquid inlet and outlet volume of the manually adjustable liquid inlet pump is controlled by the rotation of the second driving tooth; the wire frame and the laminar flow plate are both communicated with the liquid outlet of the manually adjustable liquid inlet pump.

[0047] Further, a guide frame is provided in the quenching pool, which is inclined and arranged directly below the wire frame to guide the wear-resistant steel balls sinking into the quenching pool to gather downstream of the laminar flow nozzle;

[0048] A receiving frame is also provided in the quenching pool, and the end of the guide frame is located directly above the receiving frame;

[0049] Laminar flow nozzles and flow stabilizing plates are also provided in the area of the laminar flow plate facing the guide frame and the receiving frame;

[0050] A first overflow port and a second overflow port are provided at the upper part of the quenching pool; both the first overflow port and the second overflow port are strip-shaped, the first overflow port is located on the upper side surface of the quenching liquid flow regulating plate; the second overflow port is located on the side surface above the receiving frame; the height of the second overflow port does not exceed the height of the first overflow port;

[0051] The laminar flow plate divides the quenching pool into front and rear parts; the upper end of the laminar flow plate is lower than the height of the quenching pool; a drain port is provided at the front part of the quenching pool.

[0052] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0053] 1. The inlet pipe unit is adopted to control the surface temperature of the wear-resistant steel balls coming out of the heating furnace, so that they enter the quenching liquid for quenching within a smaller temperature error range, thereby making the surface hardness more accurate.

[0054] 2. The multi-layer flow liquid injection assembly can quickly push away the quenching liquid that has been heated after coming into contact with the quenching liquid in the quenching pool, so that the temperature of the quenching liquid contacted by the subsequent wear-resistant steel balls entering the quenching pool is within a predetermined temperature range, rather than the already heated quenching liquid, thereby making the surface quenching hardness of the wear-resistant steel balls within a certain range.

[0055] 3. During the subsequent continuous quenching and cooling process of the wear-resistant steel balls, controlling the temperature of the cooling liquid contacted by each area on the surface within a certain range can make the cooling rate from the surface to the core the same, make the overall stress distribution inside the wear-resistant steel balls uniform, and at the same time can increase the hardness of its core, thereby increasing and stabilizing the overall fatigue life of the wear-resistant steel balls.

[0056] 4. During the heat treatment production process, when the amount of wear-resistant steel balls entering the quenching pool changes, insufficient newly injected quenching liquid and insufficient cooling amount for the wear-resistant steel balls in the quenching pool at this time will lead to quality deviation. At this time, the quenching amount adaptive adjustment unit adaptively controls the amount of quenching liquid contacted by the wear-resistant steel balls and the cooling time, so as to ensure that the quenched wear-resistant steel balls are less affected by the production rate, and at the same time, automatic processing can be achieved without manual control.

[0057] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described to some extent in the subsequent specification, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] The drawings of the present invention are described as follows:

[0059] Figure 1 It is the front view of the inlet pipe unit in the embodiment.

[0060] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the section at A-A in

[0061] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 the schematic structural diagram of the section at B-B in

[0062] Figure 4 It is the front view structural schematic diagram of the wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment quenching system in the embodiment.

[0063] Figure 5 is Figure 4 The enlarged structure diagram at position C in

[0064] Figure 6 is Figure 4 The structure diagram at the D-D section in

[0065] Figure 7 is Figure 6 The enlarged structure diagram at position E in

[0066] Figure 8 is Figure 6 The structure diagram at the F-F section in

[0067] Figure 9 is Figure 8 The enlarged structure diagram at position G in

[0068] Figure 10 is Figure 8 The enlarged structure diagram at position H in

[0069] Figure 11 is Figure 10 The enlarged structure diagram at position J in

[0070] Figure 12 is Figure 8 The enlarged structure diagram at position K in

[0071] Figure 13 is Figure 8 The enlarged structure diagram at position L in

[0072] Figure 14 is Figure 13 The enlarged structure diagram at position M in

[0073] Figure 15 is Figure 8 The structure diagram at the N-N section in

[0074] In the figure: 11. Pipe body; 12. Heating component; 131. Annular air duct; 132. Spiral flow guiding vane; 133. Flow equalizing vane; 134. Air output control vane; 14. Guiding component; 2. Quenching bath; 21. Guiding frame; 22. Accommodating frame; 23. First overflow port; 24. Second overflow port; 25. Drain port; 31. Laminar flow plate; 32. Laminar flow nozzle; 33. Equalizing pressure plate; 331. Perforation; 34. Flow stabilizing plate; 41. Grid; 42. Flushing nozzle; 421. Through hole; 422. Necking pressure increasing part; 51. Main shaft rod; 52. Main sleeve; 53. First main gear; 54. Second main gear; 55. Slave shaft rod; 56. Slave sleeve; 57. Slave gear; 58. Quenching liquid flow regulating plate; 581. Hole; 582. Cover plate; 583. Support rod; 59. Manually adjustable liquid inlet pump; 591. Control gear; 61. Guide ring; 62. Guide rod; 63. Pressure plate; 64. Spring; 65. Control body; 66. Intercepting body; 7. Spacing and flow interrupting mechanism; 71. Elastic body. Detailed implementation mode

[0075] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Embodiment

[0076] A heat treatment quenching system for wear-resistant steel balls includes:

[0077] An inlet pipe unit, the inlet end of which is seamlessly communicated with the outlet of the heating furnace, and the end face of the outlet end is spaced no more than 10 cm from the surface of the quenching liquid; a heating component 12, a temperature equalizing and constant temperature component, and a guiding component 14 for the wear-resistant steel balls to roll or slide are arranged inside the inlet pipe unit;

[0078] A quenching bath 2, and the outlet end of the inlet pipe unit is located directly above the quenching bath 2;

[0079] A multi-layer laminar flow liquid injection component, which is arranged in the quenching bath 2, the liquid outlet is horizontally arranged, and the wear-resistant steel balls falling into the quenching bath 2 from the outlet end of the inlet pipe unit are located directly behind the liquid outlet;

[0080] A flushing and tumbling component, which is rotatably arranged in the quenching bath 2, is located below the multi-layer laminar flow liquid injection unit, and the flushing port is arranged obliquely upward and points to the downstream of the liquid outlet of the multi-layer laminar flow liquid injection component;

[0081] A quenching amount self-adaptive adjustment unit, which is arranged in the quenching bath 2, is connected with the flushing and tumbling component, and mechanically and self-adaptively adjusts the inclination angle of the flushing port of the flushing and tumbling component and the amount of quenching liquid entering the multi-layer liquid injection component and the flushing and tumbling component according to the speed of the wear-resistant steel balls entering the quenching bath 2.

[0082] The inlet pipe unit is used to control the surface temperature of wear-resistant steel balls coming out of the heating furnace, so that they enter the quenching liquid for quenching within a smaller temperature error range, thereby making their surface hardness more precise. The multi-layer flow injection assembly can quickly push away the quenching liquid that has been heated after coming into contact with the quenching liquid in the quenching pool 2, so that the temperature of the quenching liquid contacted by the subsequent wear-resistant steel balls entering the quenching pool 2 is within a predetermined temperature range, rather than the already heated quenching liquid, thereby making the surface quenching hardness of the wear-resistant steel balls within a certain range. During the subsequent continuous quenching and cooling process of the wear-resistant steel balls, controlling the temperature of the coolant contacted by each area on the surface within a certain range can make the cooling rate from the surface to the core of the wear-resistant steel balls the same, making the overall stress distribution inside the wear-resistant steel balls uniform, and at the same time can increase the hardness of its core, thereby increasing and stabilizing the overall fatigue life of the wear-resistant steel balls. During the heat treatment production process, after the amount of wear-resistant steel balls entering the quenching pool 2 changes, the newly injected quenching liquid in the quenching pool 2 and the insufficient cooling amount of the wear-resistant steel balls will lead to quality deviation. At this time, the quenching amount adaptive adjustment unit adaptively controls the amount of quenching liquid contacted by the wear-resistant steel balls and the cooling time, so as to ensure that the quenched wear-resistant steel balls are less affected by the production rate and realize automatic processing without manual control.

[0083] In this embodiment, the inlet pipe unit includes:

[0084] The pipe body 11;

[0085] The heating component 12, which is arranged inside the pipe body 11 and is an electromagnetic heating coil;

[0086] The temperature equalizing and constant temperature component, including an annular air guide pipe 131, the inner end of which is arranged at the inlet end of the inlet pipe unit in contact with the inner wall of the pipe body 11, the outer end of which is communicated with the air outlet of the air pump, and the inner end is located inside the pipe body 11;

[0087] The guiding component 14, made of high-temperature resistant material, such as ceramic material, is arranged inside the pipe body 11 in a grid-like structure 41 and has a gap with the inner wall of the pipe body 11.

[0088] The electromagnetic heating coil continuously heats the wear-resistant steel balls coming out of the heating furnace, so that their outer surface temperature does not drop. And in order to ensure that the temperature of its outer surface is relatively uniform, the temperature equalizing and constant temperature component is used to equalize the temperature of its surface.

[0089] In this embodiment, the temperature equalizing and constant temperature component further includes:

[0090] The spiral guide vane 132, which is arranged in a spiral shape inside the pipe body 11, and the head end is located inside the annular air guide pipe 131;

[0091] A number of flow equalizing vanes 133 are arranged at the tail of the pipe body 11 and are evenly distributed in a circumferential array around the axis of the pipe body 11; the plate surface of the flow equalizing vane 133 is coplanar with the axis of the pipe body 11.

[0092] The air is disturbed and mixed by the spiral guide vane 132 to ensure relatively uniform air temperature; the flow equalizing vane 133 can prevent disturbance when the air flows out of the pipe body 11.

[0093] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the outer end of the temperature equalizing and constant temperature assembly is frustum-shaped, and the smaller opening faces the outside of the pipe body 11;

[0094] The temperature equalizing and constant temperature assembly further includes: a number of air output control vanes 134, which are arranged at the tail outlet end of the pipe body 11, and a number of air output control vanes 134 enclose a ring; the air output control vane is a high-temperature memory alloy sheet, and the ring is controlled to open as the ambient temperature rises;

[0095] The air pressure at the air outlet of the air pump is adjustable and constant.

[0096] The gas temperature and the gas outlet cross-section are controlled by the high-temperature memory alloy, and combined with the air pressure control of the air pump, the outlet temperature is stabilized within a certain range, that is, the temperature on the surface of the wear-resistant steel ball is controlled within a certain range, so that the temperature during the quenching of the wear-resistant steel ball is accurate. When the high-temperature memory alloy works, its shape is changed by the air temperature it contacts, thereby changing the cross-section of the air outlet, so that the gas pressure in the pipe body 11 changes, but the air pressure at the air outlet of the air pump remains unchanged, that is, the air pump will automatically control its air output. Thus, the amount of gas entering the pipe body 11 changes, realizing an increase in intake when the temperature is too high and a decrease in intake when the temperature is too low.

[0097] In this embodiment, the multi-layer flow injection assembly includes:

[0098] A laminar flow plate 31 is vertically arranged in the quenching pool 2; the laminar flow plate 31 is hollow inside and is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet pump;

[0099] A number of laminar flow nozzles 32 are plate-shaped and are horizontally arranged at uniform intervals. The head ends are fixedly connected to the laminar flow plate 31, and the inside is connected to the inside of the laminar flow plate 31; the liquid outlet is plate-shaped; a pressure and flow rate adaptive adjustment mechanism is provided inside the laminar flow nozzle 32 to adjust the flow rate entering the laminar flow nozzle 32 according to the pressure;

[0100] A number of equalizing plates 33 are arranged at uniform intervals inside the laminar flow nozzle 32, and a number of through holes 331 are provided in the middle of the equalizing plate 33.

[0101] The quenching liquid is injected into the quenching pool 2 in layers through the laminar flow nozzle 32. The wear-resistant steel balls always contact the freshly injected low-temperature quenching liquid during the descending process, so as to ensure that the temperature difference during surface quenching remains consistent. The uniform plate can adjust the pressure in each area of the quenching liquid entering the laminar flow nozzle 32 to be relatively consistent, without being affected by the distance from the liquid inlet.

[0102] In this embodiment, the pressure and flow rate adaptive adjustment mechanism includes:

[0103] A guide ring 61, arranged inside the laminar flow nozzle 32;

[0104] A guide rod 62, sleeved inside the guide ring 61 and capable of sliding along the guide rod 62;

[0105] A pressure plate 63, arranged inside the head end of the laminar flow nozzle 32, shielding a part of the cavity of the laminar flow nozzle 32 and connected to the head end of the guide rod 62;

[0106] A spring 64, sleeved on the guide rod 62 and located between the guide ring 61 and the pressure plate 63, with both ends abutted against the guide ring 61 and the pressure plate 63 respectively;

[0107] A control body 65, arranged at the tail end of the guide rod 62, with the end in a wedge shape;

[0108] An intercepting body 66, arranged inside the laminar flow nozzle 32, and a structure matching the shape of the control body 65 is arranged on the surface facing the control body 65; when the control body 65 and the intercepting body 66 approach each other, the gap between them is reduced, and when the control body 65 and the intercepting body 66 move away from each other, the gap between them is enlarged, and there is still a gap between the control body 65 and the intercepting body 66.

[0109] The pressure of the incoming liquid is adjusted by the pressure plate 63 to move the control body 65, change the gap between the control body 65 and the intercepting body 66, and achieve the control of its flow rate, so as to avoid too large a difference in the flow rate in each area of the laminar flow nozzle 32, resulting in too large a difference in the surface cooling rate of multiple wear-resistant steel balls entering the quenching pool 2 simultaneously.

[0110] In this embodiment, a flow stabilizing plate 34 is arranged between the laminar flow nozzles 32. The end of the flow stabilizing plate 34 extends beyond the tail end of the laminar flow nozzle 32, and the end surface of the flow stabilizing plate 34 is smoothly and uniformly transitioned with the upper and lower plate surfaces.

[0111] The flow stabilizing plate 34 can better form a stable laminar flow of the quenching liquid entering in a laminar flow, and reduce the turbulence intensity formed by the mutual influence between the quenching liquids ejected from each laminar flow nozzle 32.

[0112] In this embodiment, the liquid flushing and tumbling assembly includes:

[0113] The grid frame 41 is internally hollow and interconnected, and the grid frame 41 is connected to the quenching pool 2 through a quenching quantity self-adaptive adjustment unit; the interior of the grid frame 41 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet pump;

[0114] A number of liquid injection nozzles 42 are evenly spaced on the grid frame 41 and are communicated with the interior of the grid frame 41; a pressure and flow rate self-adaptive adjustment mechanism and an intermittent flow cutoff mechanism are sequentially arranged inside the liquid injection nozzle 42 from the head end to the tail end; a necking and pressure increasing part 422 is arranged at the end of the liquid injection nozzle 42;

[0115] The intermittent flow cutoff mechanism includes:

[0116] An annular elastic body 71 is arranged inside the inner wall of the liquid injection nozzle 42; the cross-section of the elastic body 71 is in a C shape; the cross-section of the liquid injection nozzle 42 at the position of the elastic body 71 is in a necking shape; a through hole 421 is arranged on the liquid injection nozzle 42 to communicate the chamber formed between the outer side surface of the elastic body 71 and the inner wall of the liquid injection nozzle 42 with the outside.

[0117] The pressure and flow rate self-adaptive adjustment mechanism in the liquid injection nozzle 42 adopts the same structure as the pressure and flow rate self-adaptive adjustment mechanism in the laminar flow nozzle 32.

[0118] By using the elastic body 71, a necking structure is formed. When the quenching liquid flows, as the quenching liquid enters and flows, a low-pressure area is formed on its surface. Under the action of the pressure difference between the pressure inside the liquid injection nozzle 42 and the external pressure, the elastic body 71 continuously deforms towards the middle of the liquid injection nozzle 42 until the liquid injection nozzle 42 is completely blocked after the elastic body 71 deforms. At this time, the liquid injection nozzle 42 stops discharging liquid; since there is no liquid flow between the elastic bodies 71, the pressure difference between the pressure inside the liquid injection nozzle 42 and the external pressure disappears, and at the same time, under the positive pressure formed by the inlet liquid pressure at the head of the liquid injection nozzle 42, the elastic body 71 quickly resets under the action of its own elastic force, that is, a channel is newly formed in the liquid injection nozzle 42. In this way, by selecting a suitable elastic body 71, the intermittent liquid injection effect of the liquid injection nozzle 42 is formed.

[0119] The intermittent liquid injection of the liquid injection nozzle 42 makes the wear-resistant steel balls falling into the quenching pool 2 form a reciprocating downward and upward movement, increasing the time for them to be completely suspended in the quenching liquid, and at the same time avoiding the formation of a stable spiral liquid flow in the quenching liquid (the mixing and exchange with other quenching liquids is less, its temperature is relatively stable, and after the wear-resistant steel balls form a short-time coupled fluid with it, the surface cooling rate of the wear-resistant steel balls will be affected).

[0120] In this embodiment, the quenching quantity self-adaptive adjustment unit includes:

[0121] A main shaft rod 51 is arranged in the quenching pool 2;

[0122] The main sleeve 52 is sleeved on the main spindle rod 51 and is provided with a first main gear 53 and a second main gear 54 on the outside; the grid frame 41 is connected to the sleeve through a torsion spring;

[0123] The secondary spindle rod 55 is arranged parallel to the main spindle rod 51;

[0124] The secondary sleeve 56 is sleeved on the secondary spindle rod 55 and is provided with a secondary gear 57 on the outside; the secondary gear 57 meshes with the first main gear 53;

[0125] The quenching liquid flow regulating plate 58 is connected to the secondary sleeve 56 through a support rod 583; after the system works, when no wear-resistant steel balls enter the quenching pool 2, the quenching liquid flow regulating plate 58 is parallel to the grid frame 41; a number of holes 581 are provided on the quenching liquid flow regulating plate 58; the holes 581 are denser closer to the laminar flow nozzle 32 on the quenching liquid flow regulating plate 58; a number of hinged cover plates 582 are provided on the holes 581;

[0126] The manually adjustable liquid inlet pump 59 is provided with a control gear 591 meshing with the second main gear 54 on the handwheel; the control gear 591 meshes with the second driving gear; the liquid inlet and outlet volume of the manually adjustable liquid inlet pump 59 is controlled by the rotation of the second driving gear; the grid frame 41 and the laminar flow plate 31 are both communicated with the liquid outlet of the manually adjustable liquid inlet pump 59.

[0127] The quenching liquid ejected from the liquid injection nozzle 42 forms mutual impacts with the quenching liquid and the wear-resistant steel balls in the quenching pool 2, so that the liquid injection nozzle 42 exerts a reaction force in the opposite direction on the grid frame 41. When the wear-resistant steel balls enter the quenching pool 2 at a predetermined rate for quenching, the reaction force formed between the liquid injection nozzle 42 and the wear-resistant steel balls cancels out the torsion spring, and at this time the grid frame 41 is in a relatively stable state. When more wear-resistant dry balls enter, the reaction force of the wear-resistant dry balls on the liquid injection nozzle 42 increases (more wear-resistant steel balls are closer to blocking the liquid outlet of the liquid injection nozzle 42), and at this time the grid frame 41 starts to rotate around the main spindle rod 51, and the inclination angle of the liquid injection nozzle 42 becomes smaller, and the component of the impact force on the wear-resistant steel balls towards the tail of the quenching pool 2 decreases, so that the wear-resistant steel balls can contact more newly entered quenching liquid in the quenching pool 2 for a longer time, ensuring the quenching effect of the wear-resistant steel balls.

[0128] At the same time, the quenching liquid flow regulating plate 58 rotates towards the grid frame 41, the included angle between the cover plate 582 on it and the liquid injection nozzle 42 becomes smaller, and the opening amplitude of the cover plate 582 is larger. At this time, the relatively high quenching liquid formed by more wear-resistant steel balls can quickly flow directly upward through the first overflow port 23 and out of the quenching pool 2, reducing its backward flow, increasing the temperature of the quenching liquid in the middle of the quenching pool 2, so as to realize that when more wear-resistant steel balls enter the quenching pool 2 for quenching, they can still quench and cool at a stable rate, and the situation that the temperature of the quenching pool 2 rises and the cooling rate decreases will not occur.

[0129] In this embodiment, a guiding frame 21 is provided in the quenching tank 2, which is obliquely arranged directly below the wire mesh frame 41 to guide the wear-resistant steel balls sinking into the quenching tank 2 to converge downstream of the laminar flow nozzle 32;

[0130] A receiving frame 22 is further provided in the quenching tank 2, and the end of the guiding frame 21 is located directly above the receiving frame 22;

[0131] Laminar flow nozzles 32 and flow stabilizing plates 34 are also provided in the area of the laminar flow plate 31 opposite to the guiding frame 21 and the receiving frame 22;

[0132] A first overflow port 23 and a second overflow port 24 are provided in the upper part of the quenching tank 2; both the first overflow port 23 and the second overflow port 24 are strip-shaped. The first overflow port 23 is located on the upper side of the quenching liquid flow regulating plate 58; the second overflow port 24 is located on the side above the receiving frame 22; the height of the second overflow port 24 does not exceed the height of the first overflow port 23;

[0133] The laminar flow plate 31 divides the quenching tank 2 into front and rear parts; the upper end of the laminar flow plate 31 is lower than the height of the quenching tank 2; a drain port 25 is provided in the front part of the quenching tank 2.

[0134] Through the first overflow port 23, the high-temperature quenching liquid can be discharged from the quenching tank 2 in time. At the same time, the second overflow port 24 can ensure that the high-temperature quenching liquid formed by the wear-resistant steel balls entering the slow cooling (at the tail in the quenching tank 2) does not flow back to the middle and front parts of the quenching tank 2 to affect the cooling of the newly entering wear-resistant steel balls.

[0135] The heat treatment quenching system for wear-resistant steel balls in this embodiment works as follows: a certain power is set for the heating component 12 according to the ambient temperature; a relatively high pressure is applied to the air pump, and the wear-resistant steel balls in the heating furnace are placed into the pipe body 11 at a certain rate and interval. By detecting the surface temperature of the wear-resistant steel balls coming out of the pipe body 11, the pressure in the air pump is adjusted until the surface temperature of the wear-resistant steel balls is within a suitable range.

[0136] After the wear-resistant steel ball is kept warm, it enters the quenching pool 2 through the pipe body 11, contacts the quenching liquid sprayed from the laminar flow nozzle 32, and the surface continues to contact the newly injected quenching liquid, and the surface is uniformly cooled at all places. Then, it drifts downward under the action of the laminar flow nozzle 32, and the quenching liquid sprayed from the laminar flow nozzle 32 at the upper and lower parts of the laminar flow plate 31 is continuously cooled during the downward drift. At the same time, when drifting backward, it is pushed by the quenching liquid of the flushing nozzle 42, and the wear-resistant steel ball begins to roll and moves obliquely backward and upward. During the whole process, the wear-resistant steel ball is in a suspended state, that is, it does not contact with other parts (no thermal resistance area of ​​temperature conduction will be formed), and the surface cooling speed is uniform. At the same time, the quenching liquid heated by the wear-resistant steel ball flows upward under the impact of thermal buoyancy and the flushing nozzle 42, and most of the cover plate 582 is opened to enter the top of the quenching liquid flow regulating plate 58, and is discharged through the first overflow port, and will not flow everywhere in the quenching pool 2 to interfere with the cooling of the wear-resistant steel ball.

[0137] When the production rate or the entry rate of the wear-resistant steel balls fluctuates, when a large number of wear-resistant steel balls enter, the quenching liquid sprayed from the flushing nozzle 42 cannot impact and suspend all the wear-resistant steel balls, and some of them will sink faster and get close to more flushing nozzles 42, increasing the flushing resistance of most of the flushing nozzles 42. The flushing nozzle 42 rotates around the main shaft rod 51 under the reaction force, and at this time drives the control gear 591 to rotate, increasing the amount of quenching liquid entering the grid 41 and the laminar flow plate 31. At the same time, the pressure flow adaptive adjustment mechanism will not be blocked due to how high the pressure is, so Under such action, the amount and pressure of quenching liquid sprayed from the flushing nozzle 42 increase, so that the quenching liquid entering the quenching pool 2 increases, so that more wear-resistant steel balls entering can be cooled. At the same time, after the grid 41 rotates, the angle of the flushing nozzle 42 changes, and the component in the horizontal direction decreases, that is, the impulse that pushes the wear-resistant steel balls to move backward is reduced, thereby giving the wear-resistant steel balls more contact time with the newly injected quenching liquid. In this way, under the dual conditions of increasing the amount of quenching liquid entering and increasing the contact time, more wear-resistant steel balls entering can still be effectively and quickly cooled.

[0138] At the same time, the rotation of the grid 41 drives the rotation of the quenching liquid flow regulating plate 58, so that the angle between the cover plate 582 and the flushing nozzle 42 is reduced, that is, more force of the flushing nozzle 42 can impact the cover plate 582 in the vertical direction, so that the cover plate 582 is opened more significantly, so that the high-temperature quenching liquid can flow into the top of the quenching liquid flow regulating plate 58 more quickly and be discharged. At the same time, after the quenching liquid flow regulating plate 58 is tilted, a bell-shaped structure is formed, so that the quenching liquid that is rapidly heated can also pass through the cover plate 582 more quickly under the action of the bell-shaped mouth and enter the top of it and be discharged, reducing the amount of high-temperature quenching liquid entering the rear of the quenching pool 2.

[0139] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present technical solution, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment quenching system, characterized in that: include: The inlet end of the pipe unit is seamlessly connected to the outlet of the heating furnace, and the distance between the end face of the outlet and the surface of the quenching liquid is no more than 10 cm; the inlet unit is provided with a heating component, a temperature-averaging component, and a guide component for the wear-resistant steel ball to roll or slide; A quenching tank, wherein the outlet end of the inlet pipe unit is located directly above the quenching tank; The multi-layer injection liquid assembly is arranged in the quenching tank, the liquid outlet is arranged horizontally, and the wear-resistant steel ball that falls into the quenching tank at the outlet end of the inlet pipe unit is located directly behind the liquid outlet; The flushing liquid tumbling assembly is rotatably arranged in the quenching tank and is located below the multi-layered liquid injection unit. The flushing liquid port is arranged obliquely upward and points to the downstream of the liquid outlet of the multi-layered liquid injection assembly. The quenching amount self-adapting regulating unit is arranged in the quenching pool and connected to the flushing and tumbling assembly, and the inclination angle of the flushing port of the flushing and tumbling assembly and the amount of quenching liquid entering the multi-layer liquid injection assembly and the flushing and tumbling assembly are mechanically self-adapted by the wear-resistant steel ball speed entering the quenching pool; The flushing tumbler assembly includes: The grid is hollow and interconnected inside, and the grid is connected to the quenching tank through a quenching amount adaptive adjustment unit; the inside of the grid is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet pump; A plurality of flushing nozzles are evenly spaced and arranged on the grid frame, and are connected to the inside of the grid frame; the inside of the flushing nozzles is provided with a pressure flow self-adaptive regulating mechanism and an interval flow interrupting mechanism in sequence from the head end to the tail end; the end of the flushing nozzle is provided with a necking and pressurizing part; The interval interruption mechanism comprises: An annular elastic body is arranged inside the inner wall of the flushing nozzle; the cross section of the elastic body is C-shaped; the cross section of the flushing nozzle at the elastic body is necked; the flushing nozzle is provided with a through hole that connects the cavity formed between the outer side surface of the elastic body and the inner wall of the flushing nozzle with the outside; The quenching amount adaptive adjustment unit comprises: A spindle rod is disposed in the quenching tank; A main sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft and has a first main gear and a second main gear on the sleeve; the grid is connected to the sleeve via a torsion spring; A slave shaft rod is arranged parallel to the main shaft rod; A slave sleeve, which is externally mounted on the slave shaft and has a slave gear on the externally mounted sleeve; the slave gear is meshed with the first master gear; The quenching liquid flow regulating plate is connected to the secondary casing through a support rod; when the system is working and no wear-resistant steel ball enters the quenching tank, the quenching liquid flow regulating plate is parallel to the grid; a plurality of holes are arranged on the quenching liquid flow regulating plate; the closer the quenching liquid flow regulating plate is to the laminar flow nozzle, the denser the holes are; a plurality of hinged cover plates are arranged on the holes; A manually adjustable liquid inlet pump, a control gear meshing with the second main gear is provided on the hand wheel; the control gear meshes with the second driving gear; the liquid inlet and outlet of the manually adjustable liquid inlet pump are controlled by the rotation of the second driving gear; the grid and the laminar flow plate are both connected to the liquid outlet of the manually adjustable liquid inlet pump.

2. A wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment quenching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet pipe unit comprises: tube body; The heating component is arranged in the tube body and is an electromagnetic heating coil; The temperature-averaging and constant-temperature assembly comprises an annular air guide tube, the inner end of which is arranged at the inlet end of the inlet tube unit in close contact with the inner wall of the tube body, the outer end of which is connected to the air outlet of the air pump, and the inner end of which is located in the tube body; The guide component is made of high temperature resistant material and has a grid-like structure arranged inside the pipe body with a gap left between the guide component and the inner wall of the pipe body.

3. A wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment quenching system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature-averaging and constant-temperature assembly also includes: The spiral guide blade is spirally arranged in the tube body, and the head end is located in the annular air guide tube; A plurality of flow balancing blades are arranged at the rear of the tube body and are evenly distributed in a circular row around the axis of the tube body; the plate surface of the flow balancing blades is coplanar with the axis of the tube body.

4. A wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment quenching system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer end of the temperature-averaging and temperature-constant component is in a truncated cone shape, and the smaller opening faces the outside of the tube body; The temperature-averaging and constant-temperature assembly further comprises: a plurality of air outlet control blades arranged at the tail outlet end of the tube body, the plurality of air outlet control blades forming a ring; the air outlet control blades are high-temperature memory alloy sheets, and are controlled to open in a ring as the ambient temperature increases; The air pressure at the air outlet of the air pump is adjustable and constant.

5. A wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment quenching system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-layer injection liquid assembly comprises: A laminar flow plate is vertically arranged in the quenching tank; the laminar flow plate is hollow and connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid inlet pump; A plurality of laminar flow nozzles are plate-shaped and evenly spaced horizontally, with the head ends fixedly connected to the laminar flow plate and the interiors of the laminar flow plate in communication; the liquid outlets are plate-shaped; a pressure and flow self-adapting regulating mechanism is provided inside the laminar flow nozzles to adjust the flow entering the laminar flow nozzles according to the pressure; A plurality of pressure equalizing plates are evenly spaced and arranged in the laminar flow nozzle, and a plurality of through holes are arranged in the middle of the pressure equalizing plates.

6. A wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment quenching system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure flow adaptive adjustment mechanism comprises: A guide ring, provided in the laminar flow nozzle; A guide rod is sleeved in the guide ring and can slide along the guide rod; A pressure plate is arranged in the head end of the laminar flow nozzle, shielding a part of the cavity of the laminar flow nozzle, and connected to the head end of the guide rod; The spring is sleeved on the guide rod and is located between the guide ring and the pressure plate, with two ends respectively abutting against the guide ring and the pressure plate; A control body is arranged on the tail end of the guide rod, and the tail end is wedge-shaped; The interception body is arranged in the laminar flow nozzle, and a structure matching the shape of the control body is arranged on the surface facing the control body; the control body and the interception body are brought closer to each other and the gap between them is reduced, and the control body and the interception body are moved away from each other and the gap between them is expanded; when the spring is fully compressed, there is still a gap between the control body and the interception body.

7. A wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment quenching system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A flow stabilizing plate is arranged between the laminar flow nozzles, the end of the flow stabilizing plate exceeds the tail end of the laminar flow nozzle, and the end surface of the flow stabilizing plate transitions evenly and smoothly with the upper and lower plate surfaces.

8. The wear-resistant steel ball heat treatment quenching system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide frame is provided in the quenching pool, which is arranged obliquely just below the grid frame to guide the wear-resistant steel balls sunk into the quenching pool to converge downstream of the laminar flow nozzle; A containing frame is also provided in the quenching pool, and the end of the guide frame is located directly above the containing frame; The laminar flow plate is also provided with a laminar flow nozzle and a flow stabilizing plate in the area facing the guide frame and the containing frame; The upper part of the quenching pool is provided with a first overflow port and a second overflow port; the first overflow port and the second overflow port are both strip-shaped, the first overflow port is located on the upper side of the quenching liquid flow regulating plate; the second overflow port is located on the upper side of the containing frame; the height of the second overflow port does not exceed the height of the first overflow port; The laminar plate divides the quenching pool into two parts, front and back; the upper end of the laminar plate is lower than the height of the quenching pool; and a drain port is arranged at the front of the quenching pool.

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