A kind of disassembly and recycling equipment for retired photovoltaic modules

Abstract

The present invention discloses a disassembly and recycling equipment for retired photovoltaic modules, including a heating mechanism, a separation mechanism, a gripping mechanism, a conveying device and a mounting frame. The heating mechanism is used to heat the adhesive film of the photovoltaic module to a molten state; the separation mechanism is used to separate the adhesive film of the photovoltaic module from the glass; the gripping mechanism is used to position the photovoltaic module and transport the glass after the photovoltaic module is separated; the conveying device is used to convey the photovoltaic module and separately convey the adhesive film and glass after the photovoltaic module is separated; the heating mechanism and the mounting frame are sequentially arranged on the top of the frame of the conveying device, and the separation mechanism and the gripping mechanism are both installed on the mounting frame. The present invention can realize the separation of the adhesive film and the glass. After the separation, the adhesive film and the glass can be separately conveyed by the conveying device, which is convenient for subsequent recycling work and solves the problem of incomplete separation of glass and adhesive film when recycling photovoltaic modules in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic component recycling, and in particular to a retired photovoltaic component disassembly and recycling equipment. Background Art

[0002] The life cycle of photovoltaic modules is mostly 25 to 30 years. The disposal of photovoltaic modules after their life cycle will be a major problem in the future. If photovoltaic modules after their life cycle are simply crushed, buried or incinerated, it will not only pollute the environment but also be a waste of resources.

[0003] Photovoltaic modules mainly include photovoltaic glass, aluminum frames, cells, welding wires, adhesive films, junction boxes and other components. Most of the waste photovoltaic modules can be used as recycled materials, but most of the existing methods use the overall crushing recycling method. However, the overall crushing recycling method will cause the glass and the adhesive film to be not completely separated, resulting in inconvenience in recycling. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a disassembly and recycling equipment for retired photovoltaic modules to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a retired photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling equipment to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a retired photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling equipment, comprising:

[0006] A heating mechanism, the heating mechanism is used to heat the adhesive film of the photovoltaic module to a molten state;

[0007] A separation mechanism, the separation mechanism is used to separate the adhesive film of the photovoltaic module from the glass;

[0008] A gripping mechanism, which is used to position the photovoltaic module and transport the glass after the photovoltaic module is separated;

[0009] A conveying device, the conveying device is used to convey the photovoltaic modules and separately convey the film and glass separated from the photovoltaic modules;

[0010] The mounting frame, the heating mechanism and the mounting frame are sequentially arranged on the top of the frame of the conveying device, and the separation mechanism and the grasping mechanism are both installed on the mounting frame.

[0011] Preferably, the heating mechanism includes a box body, which is fixedly installed on the top of the frame of the conveying device, and a heating component is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the box body; an opening for the passage of the photovoltaic component is provided on the side wall of the box body along the conveying direction, and guide rails are fixedly installed on both sides of the opening along the vertical direction, and the box body is slidably connected with a sealing baffle through the guide rails, and the sealing baffle is adapted to the opening; a telescopic cylinder 1 is fixedly installed on the top of the box body, and the telescopic cylinder 1 is arranged in the vertical direction, and a connecting piece is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic cylinder 1, and the telescopic cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing baffle through the connecting piece.

[0012] Preferably, the separation mechanism comprises:

[0013] slitting knife;

[0014] A lifting frame, wherein the lifting frame is slidably sleeved on the legs of the mounting frame, and the slitting knife is arranged between two of the lifting frames;

[0015] A horizontal lead screw, the horizontal lead screw is fixedly mounted on the outside of the lifting frame, and the slitting knife is rotatably connected to a slider of the horizontal lead screw;

[0016] Telescopic cylinder 2, the top end of the telescopic cylinder 2 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting frame, and the bottom end of the telescopic cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the slider of the horizontal lead screw.

[0017] Preferably, the cross-section of the slitting knife is a wedge-shaped structure, and the maximum thickness of the slitting knife is not greater than 3 mm.

[0018] Preferably, a heating wire is provided inside the slitting knife.

[0019] Preferably, the separation mechanism further comprises:

[0020] The motor is fixedly mounted on the slider of the horizontal lead screw, and the output shaft of the motor is in driving cooperation with the slitting knife.

[0021] Preferably, the separation mechanism further comprises:

[0022] A positioning baffle is fixedly mounted on one end of the lifting frame away from the heating mechanism, and is used to position the photovoltaic assembly.

[0023] Preferably, the gripping mechanism comprises:

[0024] Telescopic cylinder three, the telescopic cylinder three is fixedly mounted at the middle of the top end of the mounting frame;

[0025] An adsorption plate, wherein the adsorption plate is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the telescopic cylinder three, and a plurality of vacuum suction cups are fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the adsorption plate, and a cavity is arranged inside the adsorption plate, and the vacuum suction cup is connected with the cavity, and the cavity is connected with a vacuum pumping device; a positioning protrusion is arranged on one end of the bottom surface of the adsorption plate away from the heating mechanism, and the positioning protrusion is used to limit the position of the photovoltaic module.

[0026] Preferably, a movable track is fixedly installed on the top of the frame of the conveying device, an adjusting screw is installed in the movable track, the bottom end of the mounting frame is fixedly installed on the slider of the adjusting screw, and the slider of the adjusting screw is slidably installed in the movable track.

[0027] Preferably, the conveying device comprises:

[0028] A first conveyor belt, the heating mechanism and the mounting frame are both mounted on the first conveyor belt;

[0029] The second conveyor belt is fixedly mounted on the top of the first conveyor belt, and the second conveyor belt is arranged on the side of the mounting frame away from the heating mechanism, and the second conveyor belt is used to transport the glass after the photovoltaic components are separated.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0031] The retired photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling equipment provided by the present invention can heat the adhesive film inside the photovoltaic module to a molten state through the setting of a heating mechanism, thereby facilitating the subsequent separation of the adhesive film and glass; the photovoltaic module can be fixed through the setting of a grasping mechanism, and the separation mechanism can be used to achieve the separation of the adhesive film and glass. After the separation, the adhesive film and the glass can be separately transported through a conveying device, thereby achieving the separation of the glass and the adhesive film, facilitating the subsequent recycling work, and solving the problem of incomplete separation of glass and the adhesive film when recycling photovoltaic modules in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the retired photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling equipment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of middle A;

[0035] In the figure: 1. mounting frame; 2. box body; 3. heating assembly; 4. guide rail; 5. sealing baffle; 6. telescopic cylinder 1; 7. connecting piece; 8. slitting knife; 9. lifting frame; 10. horizontal screw; 11. telescopic cylinder 2; 12. motor; 13. positioning baffle; 14. telescopic cylinder 3; 15. adsorption plate; 16. vacuum suction cup; 17. positioning protrusion; 18. moving track; 19. adjusting screw; 20. first conveyor belt; 21. second conveyor belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0037] The present invention provides a decommissioned photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling equipment, comprising a heating mechanism, a separation mechanism, a gripping mechanism, a conveying device and a mounting frame 1.

[0038] The heating mechanism is used to heat the adhesive film of the photovoltaic module to a molten state;

[0039] The separation mechanism is used to separate the adhesive film and glass of the photovoltaic module;

[0040] The gripping mechanism is used to position the photovoltaic modules and transport the glass after the photovoltaic modules are separated;

[0041] The heating mechanism and the mounting frame 1 are sequentially arranged on the top of the frame of the conveying device, and the separation mechanism and the grabbing mechanism are both installed on the mounting frame 1 .

[0042] The conveying device includes:

[0043] A first conveyor belt 20 is used to convey the photovoltaic modules. The heating mechanism and the mounting frame 1 are both mounted on the first conveyor belt 20. The adhesive film after the photovoltaic modules are separated is conveyed by the first conveyor belt 20.

[0044] The second conveyor belt 21 is fixedly mounted on the top of the first conveyor belt 20, and the second conveyor belt 21 is arranged on the side of the mounting frame 1 away from the heating mechanism. The second conveyor belt 21 is used to transport the glass after the photovoltaic components are separated.

[0045] When the present invention is in use, the retired photovoltaic modules with the frames removed are placed on the first conveyor belt 20. When the photovoltaic modules pass through the heating mechanism, the adhesive film inside the photovoltaic modules is heated to a molten state, thereby facilitating the subsequent separation of the adhesive film and the glass. After heating, the photovoltaic modules are conveyed to the position of the mounting frame 1. First, the gripping mechanism is pressed down to fix and position the photovoltaic modules, and then the position of the slitting knife 8 of the separation mechanism is adjusted, and the adhesive film is separated from the glass by the slitting knife 8. After the adhesive film is separated from the glass, the gripping mechanism drives the glass to rise, and places the glass on the second conveyor belt 21 by moving the mounting frame 1. The adhesive film continues to be conveyed by the first conveyor belt 20, thereby realizing the separation of the glass and the adhesive film, facilitating the subsequent recycling work, and solving the problem of incomplete separation of glass and adhesive film when recycling photovoltaic modules in the prior art.

[0046] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the heating of the photovoltaic module and reduce the heat loss during the heating process, the heating mechanism includes a box body 2, which is fixedly installed on the top of the frame of the first conveyor belt 20, and a heating component 3 is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the box body 2; an opening for the passage of the photovoltaic module is provided on the side wall of the box body 2 along the conveying direction, and guide rails 4 are fixedly installed on both sides of the opening along the vertical direction, and the box body 2 is slidably connected to a sealing baffle 5 through the guide rails 4, and the sealing baffle 5 is adapted to the opening; a telescopic cylinder 6 is fixedly installed on the top of the box body 2, and the telescopic cylinder 6 is arranged in the vertical direction, and the top of the telescopic cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to a connecting piece 7, and the telescopic cylinder 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing baffle 5 through the connecting piece 7.

[0047] When the photovoltaic component enters the box body 2, the telescopic cylinder 6 drives the sealing baffle 5 at the front end of the box body 2 to rise through the connecting piece 7, so that the photovoltaic component can enter the box body 2 normally. After the photovoltaic component enters the box body 2, the sealing baffle 5 is controlled to descend, so that the interior of the box body 2 is a relatively closed environment. At this time, the photovoltaic component can be heated by the heating component 3 to reduce heat loss. After the photovoltaic component is heated for a specified time, the film inside the photovoltaic component is in a molten state. At this time, the sealing baffle 5 at the rear end of the box body 2 is controlled to rise, and the photovoltaic component can be moved to the bottom of the mounting frame 1 to separate the glass and the film.

[0048] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the height of the slitting knife 8 so as to process photovoltaic modules of different thicknesses, the separation mechanism includes:

[0049] Slitting knife 8;

[0050] A lifting frame 9, the lifting frame 9 is slidably sleeved on the legs of the mounting frame 1, and the slitting knife 8 is arranged between the two lifting frames 9;

[0051] A horizontal lead screw 10 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the lifting frame 9, and the slitting knife 8 is rotatably connected to a slider of the horizontal lead screw 10;

[0052] The second telescopic cylinder 11 has its top fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting frame 1 , and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the slider of the horizontal lead screw 10 .

[0053] When in use, first use the telescopic cylinder 11 to adjust the position of the lifting frame 9 and the slitting knife 8, so that the slitting knife 8 is directly opposite to the boundary position of the glass and the film, and then use the horizontal lead screw 10 to control the horizontal movement of the slitting knife 8, so that the glass and the film of the photovoltaic module can be separated by the slitting knife 8. In addition, by connecting the telescopic cylinder 11 with the slider of the horizontal lead screw 10, the telescopic cylinder 11 can be used to locate the fixed position of the slider, and the height of the slitting knife 8 can be adjusted in real time, thereby ensuring the contact effect between the slitting knife 8 and the glass and reducing the residual film on the glass.

[0054] Furthermore, in order to ensure the separation effect of the glass and the film and to avoid the glass from breaking due to the tension between the glass and the film, the cross-section of the slitting knife 8 is designed to be a wedge-shaped structure, and the maximum thickness of the slitting knife 8 is not greater than 3 mm.

[0055] Furthermore, in the process of slitting the glass and the film, a heating wire is provided inside the slitting knife 8 to prevent the film from cooling and solidifying, thereby affecting the separation of the glass and the film.

[0056] Furthermore, the separation mechanism also includes:

[0057] The motor 12 is fixedly mounted on a slider of the horizontal lead screw 10 , and the output shaft of the motor 12 is in transmission cooperation with the slitting knife 8 .

[0058] The inclination angle of the slitting knife 8 can be adjusted to a certain extent by the motor 12, so that the slitting knife 8 can always keep in contact with the glass, and reduce the situation of residual film on the glass during the separation process. Moreover, by adjusting the inclination angle of the slitting knife 8, the overall height of the slitting knife 8 in the vertical direction can be adjusted, thereby changing the gap after the separation of the glass and the film, and avoiding the film and glass from contacting each other again.

[0059] Furthermore, the separation mechanism also includes:

[0060] The positioning baffle 13 is fixedly mounted on one end of the lifting frame 9 away from the heating mechanism, and is used to position the photovoltaic module.

[0061] The height of the positioning baffle 13 rises and falls together with the lifting frame 9. The positioning baffle 13 can be used to position the glass placed on the first conveyor belt 20, so as to prevent the glass from sliding and affecting the separation effect of the glass and the film when the film on the top surface of the glass is separated.

[0062] Furthermore, in order to facilitate placing the separated glass on the second conveyor belt 21, the grabbing mechanism includes:

[0063] Telescopic cylinder three 14, the telescopic cylinder three 14 is fixedly mounted at the middle of the top end of the mounting frame 1;

[0064] The adsorption plate 15 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the telescopic cylinder 14, and a plurality of vacuum suction cups 16 are fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the adsorption plate 15. A cavity is arranged inside the adsorption plate 15, and the vacuum suction cup 16 is connected with the cavity, and the cavity is connected with a vacuum pumping device; a positioning protrusion 17 is arranged on the bottom surface of the adsorption plate 15 at one end away from the heating mechanism, and the positioning protrusion 17 is used to limit the photovoltaic module.

[0065] The glass is fixed by the vacuum suction cup 16, and the height of the fixed glass is changed by the telescopic cylinder three 14. By adjusting the position of the mounting frame 1, the glass can be moved above the second conveyor belt 21, and then the telescopic cylinder three 14 is controlled to descend, and the glass can be placed on the second conveyor belt 21 by changing the pressure of the vacuum suction cup 16. The setting of the positioning protrusion 17 can prevent the glass from slipping off the vacuum suction cup 16 during the slitting process when the glass and the film are separated.

[0066] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the position of the mounting frame 1, a movable track 18 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame of the first conveyor belt 20, and an adjusting screw 19 is installed in the movable track 18. The bottom end of the mounting frame 1 is fixedly installed on the slider of the adjusting screw 19, and the slider of the adjusting screw 19 is slidably installed in the movable track 18.

[0067] The retired photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling equipment provided by the present invention has a working principle as follows: taking the double-glass photovoltaic module as an example, when the present invention is in use, the photovoltaic module after the frame is removed is placed on the first conveyor belt 20, and the photovoltaic module is conveyed to the box 2 by the first conveyor belt 20 for heating, so that the film in the photovoltaic module is in a molten state, which is convenient for the subsequent use of the slitting knife 8 to separate the glass and the film; the heated photovoltaic module is conveyed to the bottom of the installation frame 1 by the first conveyor belt 20 again, and the height of the lifting frame 9 is changed by the telescopic cylinder 11, so that the slitting knife 8 on the lifting frame 9 is aligned with the dividing line position of the glass and the film of the photovoltaic module. At this time, the positioning baffle 13 on the lifting frame 9 also falls with the lifting frame 9, so that the positioning baffle 13 can play a positioning role for the photovoltaic module, preventing the photovoltaic module from sliding on the first conveyor belt 20 during the separation process, The top glass of the photovoltaic module is fixed by the telescopic cylinder 3 14 and the vacuum suction cup 16. At this time, the slitting knife 8 can be driven by the horizontal screw 10 to separate the top glass. The separated glass is transferred to the second conveyor belt 21 by the vacuum suction cup 16, the telescopic cylinder 3 14 and the adjusting screw. After the top glass is separated, the slitting knife 8 is controlled to return to its original position by the horizontal screw 10, the inclination angle of the slitting knife 8 is changed by the motor 12, and the film on the bottom glass is separated by the slitting knife 8. The separated film is clamped by the slitting knife 8 and the positioning baffle 13 and moved to the first conveyor belt 20. The bottom glass is again transferred to the second conveyor belt 21 by the vacuum suction cup 16, the telescopic cylinder 3 14 and the adjusting screw, completing the separation operation of the glass and the film of the double-glass photovoltaic module.

[0068] The above are only preferred specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A decommissioned photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling equipment, characterized in that: include: A heating mechanism, the heating mechanism is used to heat the adhesive film of the photovoltaic module to a molten state; A separation mechanism, the separation mechanism is used to separate the adhesive film of the photovoltaic module from the glass; A gripping mechanism, which is used to position the photovoltaic module and transport the glass after the photovoltaic module is separated; A conveying device, the conveying device is used to convey the photovoltaic modules and separately convey the film and glass separated from the photovoltaic modules; A mounting frame (1), wherein the heating mechanism and the mounting frame (1) are sequentially arranged on the top of the frame of the conveying device, and the separation mechanism and the grasping mechanism are both mounted on the mounting frame (1); The separation mechanism comprises: Slitting knife (8); A lifting frame (9), the lifting frame (9) being slidably mounted on the legs of the mounting frame (1), and the slitting knife (8) being arranged between two of the lifting frames (9); A horizontal lead screw (10), wherein the horizontal lead screw (10) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the lifting frame (9), and the slitting knife (8) is rotatably connected to a slider of the horizontal lead screw (10); A second telescopic cylinder, the top end of which is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting frame (1), and the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to a slider of the horizontal lead screw (10); A motor (12), the motor (12) being fixedly mounted on a slider of the horizontal lead screw (10), the output shaft of the motor (12) being in driving cooperation with the slitting knife (8); The cross section of the slitting knife (8) is a wedge-shaped structure, and the maximum thickness of the slitting knife (8) is not greater than 3 mm; A heating wire is provided inside the slitting knife (8); A movable track (18) is fixedly mounted on the top of the frame of the conveying device, an adjusting screw (19) is mounted inside the movable track (18), the bottom end of the mounting frame (1) is fixedly mounted on a slider of the adjusting screw (19), and the slider of the adjusting screw (19) is slidably mounted inside the movable track (18).

2. The retired photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heating mechanism comprises a box body (2), the box body (2) being fixedly mounted on the top of the frame of the conveying device, and a heating component (3) being fixedly mounted in the middle of the top of the box body (2); an opening for the passage of a photovoltaic component is provided on the side wall of the box body (2) along the conveying direction, and guide rails (4) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the opening along the vertical direction, and the box body (2) is slidably connected to a sealing baffle (5) via the guide rails (4), and the sealing baffle (5) is adapted to the opening; a telescopic cylinder (6) is fixedly mounted on the top of the box body (2), the telescopic cylinder (6) being arranged in the vertical direction, and a connecting piece (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic cylinder (6), and the telescopic cylinder (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing baffle (5) via the connecting piece (7).

3. The retired photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The separation mechanism also includes: A positioning baffle (13), the positioning baffle (13) being fixedly mounted on an end of the lifting frame (9) away from the heating mechanism, the positioning baffle (13) being used to position the photovoltaic assembly.

4. The retired photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grabbing mechanism comprises: A telescopic cylinder three, the telescopic cylinder three being fixedly mounted at the middle of the top end of the mounting frame (1); An adsorption plate (15), the adsorption plate (15) being fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the telescopic cylinder three, a plurality of vacuum suction cups (16) being fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the adsorption plate (15), a cavity being arranged inside the adsorption plate (15), the vacuum suction cups (16) being connected to the cavity, and the cavity being connected to a vacuum pumping device; a positioning protrusion (17) is arranged on the bottom surface of the adsorption plate (15) at one end away from the heating mechanism, the positioning protrusion (17) being used to limit the position of the photovoltaic module.

5. The retired photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device comprises: A first conveyor belt (20), the heating mechanism and the mounting frame (1) being mounted on the first conveyor belt (20); A second conveyor belt (21), the second conveyor belt (21) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the first conveyor belt (20), and the second conveyor belt (21) is arranged on a side of the mounting frame (1) away from the heating mechanism, and the second conveyor belt (21) is used to transport the glass after separation of the photovoltaic modules.

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