A lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recycling compression device

Abstract

This invention provides a recycling and compression device for lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste, comprising a housing, a compaction unit, a purification unit, a waste collection trolley, and an electrical control system. The housing includes a settling chamber, a solid-gas separation device, an air duct switching device, and a housing frame. The compaction unit includes a compaction chamber, a push plate, and a drive device. This invention optimizes the air inlet structure design, significantly reducing the problem of waste material wandering inside the equipment and failing to fall into the compaction chamber, and reducing the risk of material blockage. Utilizing airflow guidance, it effectively ensures that the compaction chamber is filled with waste, improving collection efficiency, increasing the compression ratio, extending the service life of the servo cylinder, reducing energy consumption, and reducing the frequency of waste collection by workers. The addition of a pressure relief port at the outlet significantly reduces the frequency of equipment alarms and effectively pushes the waste into the collection trolley.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial dust removal technology, and in particular to a compression device for recycling positive and negative electrode waste from lithium batteries. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the global new energy vehicle industry is developing rapidly, driving the expansion of the lithium battery industry system. Lithium battery production involves complex processes such as mixing, coating, rolling, slitting, sheet making, winding / stacking, welding, and packaging. These processes generate various dust and fumes, which, if not handled promptly, can affect the quality of lithium batteries, damage processing equipment, and even threaten the lives of employees. During processing using integrated slitting / stacking machines, unusable waste materials (copper foil / aluminum foil) accompanied by dust are generated at the edges. These waste materials need to be recycled. Using ordinary dust collectors will clog the filters, affecting the quality of the electrode products. Therefore, many dust removal equipment manufacturers have developed integrated waste recycling machines to support lithium battery manufacturing.

[0003] However, existing integrated waste recycling machines have the following problems:

[0004] 1. When collecting waste, the waste moves irregularly inside the cavity, causing the detection device to output false signals. The compaction cavity is not full of waste, and the waste cannot be compacted, forming a cake-like shape that is loose at the top and solid at the bottom, which can easily cause secondary pollution in the workshop.

[0005] 2. Due to the action of the blower, the waste material moves irregularly inside the cavity and cannot enter the compaction cavity, resulting in untimely waste material treatment, blockage of the equipment, alarm failure, and reduced production efficiency.

[0006] When the waste material is pushed out in a cake shape, due to the negative pressure of the fan, the waste material is easily sucked back into the compaction chamber, blocking the safety light curtain and causing the equipment to stop and alarm. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a recycling and compression device for positive and negative electrode waste from lithium batteries.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A recycling and compression device for positive and negative electrode waste of lithium batteries includes a housing, a compaction unit, a purification unit, a waste collection trolley, and an electronic control system.

[0010] The housing includes a settling chamber, a solid-gas separation device, an air duct switching device, and a housing frame. The housing frame includes a left chamber and a right chamber. The left chamber is connected to the lower part of the right chamber via an air duct. The purification unit is installed in the right chamber, and an air outlet is located at the top of the right chamber. The purification unit includes a fan. An installation plate is installed inside the left chamber, dividing it into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The solid-gas separation device is installed on the installation plate. An air inlet with an air inlet guide pipe is located on the upper side of the lower chamber. The air duct switching device is located on the side of the upper chamber. The settling chamber is installed in the lower chamber.

[0011] The settling chamber is equipped with an air blowing port and a pneumatic valve mounting port. A pneumatic valve I is installed in the pneumatic valve mounting port. The lower part of the air duct is also connected to the pneumatic valve mounting port through a connecting pipe.

[0012] The compaction unit includes a compaction chamber, a push plate, and a driving device. The compaction chamber is located below the settling bin. A material detection device is installed at the upper opening of the compaction chamber. A discharge port is provided on the side of the compaction unit, and the discharge port is larger than the size of the compaction chamber. A pressure relief port is also provided on the discharge port. The waste collection trolley is connected to the discharge port.

[0013] The air duct switching device, pneumatic air valve I, drive device, and material detection device are connected to the electrical control system. The electrical control system controls the drive pusher plate to push the material a second time during discharge.

[0014] Furthermore, the air inlet guide pipe is tilted to the side at a certain angle and tilted downward.

[0015] Furthermore, an air bag is installed at the top of the upper chamber, and the air bag is connected to the expansion head through a pulse solenoid valve; the expansion head is located below the solid-gas separation device; the body of the expansion head is a circular tube, and the expansion head is provided with multiple small holes arranged at an angle of 30° upwards.

[0016] Furthermore, the air inlet is arranged at a downward angle of 30°, the air inlet is connected to compressed air, and the pneumatic valve I is located below the air inlet.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper side of the air duct is connected to the upper chamber through at least two air inlets, and the air duct switching device is installed in the air inlet. The air duct switching device is a pneumatic air valve III.

[0018] Furthermore, the side of the compaction chamber is provided with an air suction hole, which is connected to the air duct through a dust suction pipe, and the dust suction pipe is equipped with a pneumatic air valve II.

[0019] Furthermore, the material detection device consists of two through-beam switches, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the opening in the compaction chamber.

[0020] Furthermore, a cutter is embedded in the top of the push plate, the cutter is positioned facing the compaction chamber, and the cutter is obliquely and fixedly embedded in the push plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the push plate includes a first push plate and a second push plate, the first push plate and the second push plate are arranged parallel to each other, the upper parts of the first push plate and the second push plate are fixed by a connecting plate, and bearing wheels are installed near the two side edges of the connecting plate. The lower parts of the first push plate and the second push plate are also connected to a mounting plate, and bearing wheels are also installed on the mounting plate. The cutter is fixed on the first push plate, and a linear bearing is installed on the second push plate for mounting a round rod. One end of the round rod is connected to the output end of the drive device, and the other end of the round rod is fixed to the first push plate.

[0022] Furthermore, the solid-gas separation device employs a perforated plate.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By adding a through-beam switch and a dust suction port to the compaction chamber, the present invention can effectively ensure that the waste in the compaction chamber is full by using airflow guidance, thereby improving collection efficiency, increasing the compression ratio, extending the service life of the servo electric cylinder, reducing energy consumption, and reducing the frequency of waste collection by workers.

[0024] 2. The design of the air inlet structure has been optimized by adding an air inlet guide pipe and an air duct switching device, which greatly reduces the problem of waste material running around inside the equipment and failing to fall into the compaction chamber, and also reduces the risk of material blockage.

[0025] 3. The discharge port of this invention has been enhanced with a pressure relief port, which greatly reduces the frequency of equipment alarms and can effectively push waste into the collection trolley.

[0026] 4. The present invention enables waste to enter the compaction chamber with high efficiency through a more reasonable airflow layout, thereby enhancing the waste collection and processing capacity and improving its applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working structure of a lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recycling and compression device according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recycling and compression device according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the air tank and expansion head of a lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recycling and compression device according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion head of a lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recycling and compression device according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet of a lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recycling and compression device according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sedimentation chamber of a lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recycling and compression device according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a compaction unit for a lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recycling and compression device according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a pusher plate and cutter for a lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recycling and compression device according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a partially enlarged view of the compaction chamber of a lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recycling and compression device according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To provide a further understanding of the purpose, structure, features, and functions of the present invention, detailed descriptions are provided below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a recycling and compression device for positive and negative electrode waste of lithium batteries includes a housing 100, a compaction unit 200, a purification unit 300, a waste collection trolley 400, and an electronic control system 500.

[0038] The housing 100 includes a settling chamber 110, a solid-gas separation device 120, an air duct switching device 130, and a housing frame 140. The housing frame 140 is welded and assembled from cold-rolled steel sheets, which are then spray-painted to ensure a bright, smooth, and scratch-free surface. Casters are installed at the bottom of the housing frame 140 for easy equipment movement. The housing frame 140 includes a left chamber 141 and a right chamber 140. The left chamber 141 is connected to the lower part of the right chamber 142 via an air duct 143. The purification unit 300 is installed in the right chamber 142, and an air outlet 144 is provided at the top of the right chamber 142. The purification unit 300 includes a fan 310, a filter cartridge 320, a dust collection drawer 330, a high-efficiency filter 340, and a filter cartridge cleaning system. The dust collection drawer 330 is installed at the bottom of the right chamber 142 for collecting and cleaning dust. The filter cartridge 320 is installed above the dust collection drawer 330, and the fan 310 is installed above the filter cartridge 320. The fan 310 provides power for the waste. The filter cartridge cleaning system is set between the filter cartridge 320 and the fan 310 for pulse cleaning of the filter cartridge 320. The high-efficiency filter 340 is installed at the air outlet 144 to ensure a high degree of purification of the air outlet.

[0039] The left chamber 141 is equipped with an installation plate 150, which divides the left chamber 141 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The solid-gas separation device 120 is installed on the installation plate 150. An air inlet 160 is provided on the upper side of the lower chamber, and the air inlet 160 has an air inlet guide pipe 161. The air duct switching device 130 is provided on the side of the upper chamber. The settling chamber 110 is installed in the lower chamber. In use, the air entering through the air inlet 160 is below the solid-gas separation device 120. After the initial separation by the solid-gas separation device 120, larger strip-shaped waste materials fall into the settling chamber 110, while the air containing fine dust enters the air duct through the air duct switching device 130, is purified and dust removed by the purification unit 300, and then clean air is discharged.

[0040] like Figure 6 The settling chamber 110 is equipped with an air inlet 111, a pneumatic valve mounting port 112, and an observation window 113. A pneumatic valve I is installed in the pneumatic valve mounting port 112. The air inlet 111 and the pneumatic valve I mainly function to guide the airflow, optimize the airflow direction, and facilitate waste settling. The lower part of the air duct is also connected to the pneumatic valve mounting port via a connecting pipe 114; this is used to draw waste into the settling chamber 110 and guide the dust-laden gas passing through the pneumatic valve I into the air duct 143, which then enters the purification unit 300 for purification and dust removal before being discharged. The connecting pipe 114 can be a PVC steel wire pipe.

[0041] Combination Figure 7As shown, the compaction unit 200 includes a compaction chamber 210, a pusher plate 220, and a drive device 230. The compaction chamber 210 is located below the settling chamber 110 to facilitate the waste material in the settling chamber 110 falling into the compaction chamber 210. The driving device 230 is a servo electric cylinder, which drives the push plate 220 to reciprocate left and right within the compaction chamber 220. A material detection device 240 is installed at the upper opening of the compaction chamber 220. A discharge port 250 is provided on the side of the compaction unit 200. A clamping cylinder 260 is installed on the side of the compaction chamber near the discharge port 250. The output end of the clamping cylinder 260 is fixed with a plug plate 270. The operation of the clamping cylinder 260 controls the opening and closing of the plug plate 270, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the discharge port 250. A safety light curtain 280 is provided inside the discharge port 250. When it detects an object obstructing the flow, it can immediately stop the equipment operation to prevent accidental operation by others during manual maintenance of the extrusion chamber, which could result in injury from closing the plug plate 270. The compaction unit is also equipped with a mechanical pin 290, which is located above the discharge port 250 and is used to secure the plug plate 270 during maintenance. When the extrusion chamber is under maintenance, push the mechanical pin 290 in and secure it with screws. This way, even if someone else misoperates, the plate will not be able to descend, thus completely preventing injury to people.

[0042] The discharge port 250 is larger than the compaction chamber 210, meaning the height and width of the discharge port 250 are greater than those of the compaction chamber 210. The discharge port 250 also has a pressure relief port 251. The waste collection trolley 400 connects to the discharge port 250 to receive the compressed waste. By setting the pressure relief port 251, resistance is reduced. Simultaneously, the larger size of the discharge port 250 compared to the compaction chamber 210 increases the gap, preventing the waste from being drawn back into the compaction chamber 210 and blocking the safety light curtain 280 when the push plate 220 retracts, as the compaction chamber 210 and discharge port 250 remain a single unit when the waste is discharged. This effectively solves the problem of waste being sucked back into the compaction chamber 210 by negative pressure during discharge, ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0043] The air duct switching device 130, pneumatic air valve I, drive device 230, material detection device 240, etc. are all connected to the electrical control system 500. The electrical control system 500 controls the drive pusher plate to push the material a second time during discharge, ensuring that the waste material can slide smoothly into the trolley and avoid the problem of waste material backing up.

[0044] During operation, the fan 310 inside the purification unit is turned on, and the fan draws in the gas containing waste material from the air inlet 160. After passing through the solid-gas separation device 120, the strip-shaped waste material and fine dust are initially separated. The strip-shaped waste material falls and is sucked into the settling chamber 110, and finally falls into the compaction chamber 210 of the compaction unit 200 for compression. After compression, it is finally pushed out of the discharge port by the push plate 220 and falls into the waste collection trolley 400. The fine dust, along with the air, enters the air duct 143 through the air duct switching device 130. After the air is filtered by the filter cartridge 320, it enters the high-efficiency filter 340 for dust removal and purification, and finally is discharged from the equipment through the air outlet 144. The dust removal and purification effect is good and the efficiency is high.

[0045] Combination Figure 5 The air inlet guide pipe 161 is tilted to the side at a certain angle and downward. When the air inlet 160 enters the equipment, it is set with an air inlet guide, which is at a certain angle to the horizontal direction of the equipment and is guided downward. The advantage of this is that the weight of the waste material itself and its inertia can guide it to sink into the compaction chamber more quickly, and form a cyclone structure with the cavity of the equipment itself, which accelerates the collection of waste material and effectively separates waste material and dust, preventing the equipment from being blocked and causing equipment failure alarms.

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 An air manifold 600 is installed at the top of the upper chamber, and the air manifold 600 is connected to an expansion head 700 via a pulse solenoid valve 610. The expansion head 700 is located below the solid-gas separation device 120. Compressed air is sprayed through the pulse solenoid valve 610 and then diffused after passing through the expansion head 700, effectively blowing the waste material into the compaction chamber. Figure 4 The expansion head 700 has a cylindrical body and multiple small holes 710 arranged at an angle of 30° upwards on it. This ensures that the air can spread rapidly during injection, increase the injection pressure, spread around, and fill the entire settling chamber, allowing the waste material to fall quickly into the extrusion chamber.

[0047] The air inlet 111 is arranged at a downward angle of 30° and is connected to compressed air. The pneumatic valve I is located below the air inlet 111. Compressed air is periodically sprayed through the air inlet 111. The pneumatic valve I is located on the side of the settling chamber 110 and below the air inlet 111. The pneumatic valve I is controlled to open or close by an electronic control system. When the valve is open, it changes the airflow direction, which can effectively reduce the airflow velocity at the top and allow some waste material to accumulate there through the airflow. At the same time, the pneumatic valve I is closed, and air is blown from the air inlet. Due to the compressed air spray, the waste material quickly falls into the extrusion chamber.

[0048] The upper side of the air duct 143 is connected to the upper chamber through at least two air inlets. The air duct switching device 130 is installed in the air inlet. The air duct switching device 130 adopts a pneumatic air valve III and is controlled by an electronic control system. It can be switched to use separately, which can effectively change the airflow direction and reduce part of the airflow velocity. This can effectively cause the waste adsorbed on the solid-gas separation device to settle into the compaction chamber 210 due to gravity.

[0049] Combination Figure 7 The compaction chamber 210 has a suction port 211 on its side, which is connected to the air duct 143 via a dust suction pipe 212. The dust suction pipe 212 is equipped with a pneumatic air valve II. The dust suction pipe includes a dust suction hood and a dust suction tube. The dust suction hood is fixed outside the suction port, and the two ends of the dust suction tube are connected to the dust suction hood and the air duct, respectively. When the fan is running, the pneumatic air valve II is controlled to open, and the airflow is used to guide the waste material to fall into the compaction chamber more quickly. This effectively ensures that the compaction chamber 210 is filled with waste material, improves collection efficiency, increases the compression ratio, ensures that the waste material is compacted and does not easily scatter, extends the service life of the servo electric cylinder, reduces energy consumption, and reduces the frequency of waste collection by workers.

[0050] The material detection device 240 consists of two through-beam switches, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the opening of the compaction chamber 210. They simultaneously detect whether the material is full. This greatly avoids the irregular movement of waste material inside the chamber, which could cause the detection device to output false signals. If the compaction chamber 210 is not full of waste material, the waste material cannot be compacted and forms a cake-like shape that is loose at the top and solid at the bottom.

[0051] A cutter 221 is embedded in the upper top of the push plate 220. The cutter 221 is positioned facing the compaction chamber 210 and is obliquely and fixedly embedded in the push plate 220. Figure 9 The cutter 221 can be tilted at 0.52° and is welded to the push plate 220. During the pushing process, the waste material is squeezed against the top 210 of the extrusion chamber. The cutter 221 cuts the waste material at an angle and cuts off the waste material that is higher than the compaction chamber 210. The cutter 221 and the push plate 220 are welded at an angle when embedded. As the pushing process progresses, it can smoothly cut off continuous scraps. This principle is similar to scissors cutting, which can greatly reduce problems such as the push plate getting stuck in the compaction chamber 210.

[0052] The push plate 220 includes a first push plate 222 and a second push plate 223. The first push plate 222 and the second push plate 223 are arranged parallel to each other. The upper parts of the first push plate 222 and the second push plate 223 are fixed by a connecting plate 224. Bearing wheels 225 are installed near the two side edges of the connecting plate 224. The lower parts of the first push plate 222 and the second push plate 223 are also connected to a mounting plate 226. Bearing wheels 225 are also installed on the mounting plate 226. The cutter 221 is fixed on the first push plate 222. A linear bearing 227 is installed on the second push plate 223 for mounting a round rod. One end of the round rod is connected to the output end of the drive device 230, and the other end of the round rod is fixed to the first push plate 222. This ensures a firm connection between the round rod and the push plate 220. The drive device 230 drives the push plate 220 to reciprocate. The internally installed bearing wheels 225 ensure that the push plate 220 moves flexibly, reduce energy consumption, and extend the service life of the drive device.

[0053] The solid-gas separation device 120 uses a perforated plate. This effectively blocks waste from entering the purification unit, ensures that fine dust enters the purification unit, and extends the service life of the filter cartridge 320.

[0054] The present invention has been described in the above-described embodiments; however, these embodiments are merely examples for implementing the present invention. It must be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Conversely, any modifications and refinements made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recovery compression device, characterized in that: Includes the enclosure, compaction unit, purification unit, waste collection trolley, and electrical control system; The housing includes a settling chamber, a solid-gas separation device, an air duct switching device, and a housing frame. The housing frame includes a left chamber and a right chamber. The left chamber is connected to the lower part of the right chamber via an air duct. The purification unit is installed in the right chamber, and an air outlet is located at the top of the right chamber. The purification unit includes a fan. An installation plate is installed inside the left chamber, dividing it into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The solid-gas separation device is installed on the installation plate. An air inlet is located on the upper side of the lower chamber, and the air inlet has an air inlet guide pipe that is tilted to the side at a certain angle and downwards. The air duct switching device is located on the side of the upper chamber, and the settling chamber is installed in the lower chamber. The settling chamber is equipped with an air inlet and a pneumatic valve mounting port. A pneumatic valve I is installed in the pneumatic valve mounting port. The lower part of the air duct is also connected to the pneumatic valve mounting port through a connecting pipe. The air inlet is arranged at a downward angle of 30°. The air inlet is connected to compressed air. The pneumatic valve I is located below the air inlet. The compaction unit includes a compaction chamber, a push plate, and a driving device. The compaction chamber is located below the settling chamber. A material detection device is installed at the top opening of the compaction chamber. A discharge port is provided on the side of the compaction unit, and the discharge port is larger than the size of the compaction chamber. A pressure relief port is also provided on the discharge port. The waste collection trolley is connected to the discharge port. An air suction hole is provided on the side of the compaction chamber. The air suction hole is connected to the air duct through a dust suction pipe. A pneumatic air valve II is installed in the dust suction pipe. The air duct switching device, pneumatic air valve I, drive device, and material detection device are connected to the electrical control system. The electrical control system controls the drive pusher plate to push the material a second time during discharge. The electrical control system controls the pneumatic air valve I to open or close. When the pneumatic air valve I is opened, the air velocity at the top is reduced, and some waste material is collected. When the pneumatic air valve I is closed, air is blown out through the air outlet.

2. A device for recovering and compressing positive and negative lithium battery scrap as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An air bag is installed at the top of the upper chamber, and the air bag is connected to an expansion head via a pulse solenoid valve; the expansion head is located below the solid-gas separation device; the body of the expansion head is a circular tube, and the expansion head has multiple small holes arranged at an angle of 30° upwards.

3. A device for compression of lithium battery positive and negative electrode scrap as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The upper side of the air duct is connected to the upper chamber through at least two air inlets. The air duct switching device is installed in the air inlet and the air duct switching device is a pneumatic air valve III.

4. A device for recycling and compressing positive and negative lithium battery scrap as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The material detection device consists of two through-beam switches, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the opening in the compaction chamber.

5. A device for recycling and compressing positive and negative lithium battery scrap as claimed in claim 1, wherein: A cutter is embedded in the top of the push plate, and the cutter is positioned facing the compaction chamber. The cutter is obliquely and fixedly embedded in the push plate.

6. A device for compression of lithium battery positive and negative electrode scrap as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The push plate includes a first push plate and a second push plate, which are arranged parallel to each other. The upper parts of the first push plate and the second push plate are fixed by a connecting plate. Bearing wheels are installed near the two side edges of the connecting plate. The lower parts of the first push plate and the second push plate are also connected to a mounting plate, on which bearing wheels are also installed. The cutter is fixed on the first push plate. A linear bearing is installed on the second push plate for mounting a round rod. One end of the round rod is connected to the output end of the drive device, and the other end of the round rod is fixed to the first push plate.

7. The lithium battery positive and negative electrode waste recycling and compression device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-gas separation device uses a perforated plate.

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