Quality Monitoring Method and System for Reclaimed Soil of Mining Subsidence

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and system for quality monitoring of reclaimed soil in mining subsidence areas. According to the geological conditions, mining conditions and reclaimed soil conditions of the monitoring area, the mining subsidence situation of the monitoring area is determined, and the spacing, length and density of the survey lines in electrical prospecting are determined. Along the direction parallel to the survey lines, a plurality of soil index data acquisition sensors are arranged; the data of the electrical prospecting lines and the soil index data are obtained, the data of the electrical prospecting lines are inverted to obtain the resistivity three-dimensional distribution situation of the monitoring area, the resistivity values and the soil index data are fitted to determine the functional relationship between the resistivity and the soil index data; based on the obtained functional relationship, the resistivity range when a certain soil index is within the normal range is determined by using a set threshold, the corresponding evaluation index range is obtained by using the principal component analysis method, the soil quality grades are divided, and the resistivity value range corresponding to each grade is determined to obtain the spatial distribution data reflecting the soil quality grades.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground resource exploration, and in particular to a method and system for monitoring the quality of reclaimed soil in mining subsidence areas. Background Technique

[0002] The statements in this part only provide background technical information related to the present invention, and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] During the development of mineral resources, due to the formation of mined - out areas underground, geological disasters are likely to occur, resulting in different degrees of subsidence or collapse on the ground surface, which will have an impact on the surrounding environment. In order to reduce the environmental impact caused by mining collapse, the mined - out areas can be reclaimed to reduce the impact of geological disasters, thereby restoring the stability of the ecological environment and protecting the quality of reclaimed soil.

[0004] After reclamation, it is necessary to monitor the quality of the soil. Currently, samples are collected on - site and analyzed in the laboratory to obtain soil data at one or more time points in a certain area for soil quality monitoring and evaluation. It can roughly grasp the quality change of the soil over a period of time. However, on - site sample collection and laboratory analysis are time - consuming and laborious, and repeated sampling at multiple time intervals (the subsidence duration is usually calculated in years) for the same point of soil structure has been damaged, and it cannot finely depict the process of soil quality changing over time, unable to reflect the dynamic monitoring effect of soil quality. The parameters characterizing soil quality are easily affected by human subjectivity and lack a certain degree of scientificity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above - mentioned background technique, the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring the quality of reclaimed soil in mining subsidence areas. Based on determining whether the subsidence reclamation area is stable, considering factors such as the degree of site subsidence and reclamation status, different - density electrical resistivity survey lines and sensors are arranged. A mathematical model between resistivity and the indicators for evaluating soil quality is established through data inversion fitting to finely monitor and evaluate the soil quality of each part of the monitoring area.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring the quality of reclaimed soil in mining subsidence areas, including the following steps:

[0008] According to the geological conditions, mining conditions, and reclaimed soil conditions of the monitoring area, determine the mining subsidence situation of the monitoring area; according to different subsidence situations, determine the spacing, length, and density of the survey lines in the electrical resistivity survey, and arrange a plurality of soil index data acquisition sensors along the direction parallel to the survey lines.

[0009] Obtain the data of the electrical prospecting line and the soil index data, invert the data of the electrical prospecting line to obtain the three-dimensional resistivity distribution of the monitoring area, fit the resistivity values and the soil index data, and determine the functional relationship between the resistivity and the soil index data;

[0010] Based on the obtained functional relationship, use the set threshold to determine the resistivity range when a certain soil index is within the normal range, use the principal component analysis method to obtain the corresponding evaluation index range, divide the soil quality grades, and determine the resistivity value range corresponding to each grade to obtain the spatial distribution data reflecting the soil quality grades.

[0011] Furthermore, based on the obtained functional relationship, use the thresholds at which each soil index has a positive impact on soil quality to obtain the resistivity range when the corresponding soil index is within the normal range, and use the principal component analysis method to obtain the corresponding evaluation index range when the soil index has a positive impact on soil quality.

[0012] Furthermore, use the obtained evaluation index range to divide the soil quality grades, determine the resistivity value range corresponding to each grade, combine the data obtained by the data acquisition equipment, and use the functional relationship between the resistivity and the soil index data to obtain the spatial distribution data reflecting the soil quality grades.

[0013] Furthermore, the geological conditions include at least one of the formation structure, groundwater level, hydrogeological conditions, surface landform, and subsidence depth; the mining conditions include at least one of the coal seam position, thickness, dip angle, strike, mining area, fracture conditions, etc., the subsidence position, and the change of the surface horizontal position; the reclaimed soil conditions include at least one of the soil type, soil texture, reclamation method, scope, and thickness.

[0014] Furthermore, if the monitoring area has not yet stabilized, according to the geological conditions, mining conditions, and reclaimed soil conditions of the monitoring area, based on the probability integral method, establish a unit coordinate system and establish an ordinary differential equation of the probability distribution function, and solve to obtain the predicted subsidence, translation, and tilt parameters within the monitoring area. After summarizing the parameters, obtain the predicted subsidence situation distribution.

[0015] Furthermore, if the monitoring area has not yet stabilized, arrange the survey lines according to the principle of electrical prospecting, and adjust the line density according to the severity of the subsidence activity. The length of the survey line on the section is at least 80% of the width of the monitoring area.

[0016] Furthermore, if the monitoring area has already stabilized, arrange the survey lines according to the principle of electrical prospecting. The length of the survey line on the section is at least 80% of the width of the monitoring area.

[0017] Furthermore, under the principle of electrical prospecting, the measurement depth is equal to the product of the square root of the underground medium and the instrument correlation coefficient, and then divided by the resistivity of the surface layer of the underground medium.

[0018] Further, the soil index data acquisition sensor at least includes a displacement sensor, a soil temperature, moisture and electrical conductivity sensor, and a soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor.

[0019] Further, the data of the electrical prospecting line is inverted to obtain the three-dimensional resistivity distribution of the monitoring area. Specifically: the data of the electrical prospecting line is inverted by using the least squares method with forced smoothing to obtain the resistivity distribution map of the line profile, and the resistivity distribution maps of multiple profiles are fitted to obtain the three-dimensional resistivity distribution map of the entire monitoring area.

[0020] Further, the resistivity value and the soil index data are fitted to determine the functional relationship between the resistivity and the soil index data. Specifically: the resistivity at the sensor position and the corresponding soil index data are extracted, and through the fitting software, the mathematical function relationship between the resistivity and the corresponding soil index data is obtained.

[0021] The second aspect of the present invention provides a system required to implement the above method, including:

[0022] The mining subsidence module is configured to: determine the mining subsidence situation of the monitoring area according to the geological conditions, mining conditions and reclaimed soil conditions of the monitoring area; according to different subsidence situations, determine the spacing, length and density of the lines in the electrical prospecting, and determine the layout method of the soil index data acquisition sensor;

[0023] The inversion and fitting module is configured to: obtain the data of the electrical prospecting line and the soil index data, invert the data of the electrical prospecting line to obtain the three-dimensional resistivity distribution of the monitoring area, fit the resistivity value and the soil index data, and determine the functional relationship between the resistivity and the soil index data;

[0024] The soil quality evaluation module is configured to: based on the obtained functional relationship, use the set threshold to determine the resistivity range when a certain soil index is within the normal range, use the principal component analysis method to obtain the corresponding evaluation index range, divide the soil quality grades, and determine the resistivity value range corresponding to each grade to obtain the spatial distribution data reflecting the soil quality grades.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] On the basis of determining whether the subsided reclamation area is stable, considering factors such as the degree of site subsidence and reclamation status, different-density electrical method survey lines and sensors are arranged. By data inversion fitting, a mathematical model between resistivity and the indicators for evaluating soil quality is established, which can monitor and evaluate the soil quality of each part of the monitoring area, can more finely depict the change process of soil quality over time, and show the dynamic monitoring effect of soil quality. Among them, the parameters characterizing soil quality are evaluated based on the range of resistivity, reducing the influence brought by human subjective factors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings forming a part of this invention are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The schematic embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the invention.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the quality monitoring process of mined subsided reclaimed soil provided by one or more embodiments of the invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the survey line layout during the monitoring period provided by one or more embodiments of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0032] As introduced in the background art, it is time-consuming and laborious to analyze the samples collected on-site in the laboratory, and repeated sampling at the same point over multiple time periods (the subsidence duration is usually calculated in years) damages the soil structure, and cannot finely depict the change process of soil quality over time, and cannot reflect the dynamic monitoring effect of soil quality. The parameters characterizing soil quality are easily affected by human subjectivity and lack a certain degree of scientificity.

[0033] Therefore, the following embodiments provide a method and system for monitoring the quality of mined subsided reclaimed soil. On the basis of determining whether the subsided reclamation area is stable, considering factors such as the degree of site subsidence and reclamation status, different-density electrical method survey lines and sensors are arranged. By data inversion fitting, a mathematical model between resistivity and the indicators for evaluating soil quality is established, and the soil quality of each part of the monitoring area is finely monitored and evaluated, which can take into account the influence of the regional settlement state on the soil quality of the mined subsided reclamation area, and has important practical significance for restoring the ecological environment of the reclamation area and ensuring the quality of the mining reclamation project.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, the quality monitoring method for reclaimed soil after mining subsidence includes the following steps:

[0036] Collect regional geological and reclamation data, and use the probability integral method to calculate the subsidence distribution of the monitoring area;

[0037] Divide the layout density of electrical prospecting lines with different densities according to the subsidence distribution, adjust the electrode spacing according to the depth to be measured, and adjust the line spacing according to the instrument resolution and the degree of change of underground media;

[0038] Arrange displacement sensors, soil temperature moisture conductivity sensors, and soil nitrogen phosphorus potassium sensors according to the arranged line positions and line densities;

[0039] Install a compatible interface and communication module to receive the data monitored by the sensors, and it can also be transmitted to the cloud platform or server;

[0040] Invert according to the obtained data to obtain the three-dimensional distribution of resistivity and the point-by-point distribution of soil displacement, temperature, moisture, conductivity, and nitrogen phosphorus potassium, and fit to obtain the relationship function between resistivity and these data;

[0041] Calculate the resistivity threshold according to the threshold of the positive impact of each soil index on the soil, and evaluate the soil quality.

[0042] The specific process is as follows:

[0043] S1. Obtain the mining area geological conditions, coal seam mining conditions, and reclaimed soil conditions of the monitoring area. The specific steps are as follows:

[0044] S1.1. According to the relevant engineering reports, geological survey data, and literature data of the monitoring area, obtain the mining area geological conditions (stratigraphic structure, groundwater level, hydrogeological conditions, surface landform, subsidence depth) of the monitoring area, coal seam mining conditions (coal seam position, thickness, dip angle, strike, mining area, fracture conditions, etc., subsidence location, surface horizontal position change conditions), and reclaimed soil conditions (soil type, soil texture, reclamation method, scope, and thickness).

[0045] S1.2. Conduct on-site surveys and field measurements to supplement and verify the existing data obtained, specifically including determining the area and topographic features of the monitoring area.

[0046] In this embodiment, the data to be collected at least includes the coal seam dip angle, effective mining area, and subsidence depth after coal mining.

[0047] S2. Use the collected data to delimit the mining subsidence situation in the monitoring area according to the probability integral method, and delimit areas with different subsidence degrees; adjust the spacing, density of the survey lines and the electrode distance according to different subsidence situations. The specific steps are as follows:

[0048] S2.1. If the area is still in an unstable subsidence state, use the probability integral method to predict the subsidence depth and the distribution of the subsidence area in the monitoring area.

[0049] Based on the basic principle of the probability integral method, establish a unit coordinate system and establish an ordinary differential equation of the probability distribution function:

[0050]

[0051] In the formula, x and y are the x and y axes of the established unit coordinate system; z and t are the integral variables along the up-hill strike and the strike direction respectively; the surface subsidence is W; the tilt, curvature, horizontal movement, and horizontal deformation in the j direction are i j , K j , U j , ε j , Ψ is the angle between the x-axis and the j direction; W max is the maximum subsidence value; α is the coal seam dip angle; A is the effective mining area; r is the main influence radius; b is the horizontal movement coefficient; θ is the influence propagation angle; K is the influence propagation coefficient; H s is the mining depth.

[0052] S2.2. Substitute the collected data into the formula to calculate the predicted subsidence, translation, and tilt parameters in the monitoring area. Summarize the parameters and draw them into a graph to obtain the predicted subsidence situation distribution map.

[0053] According to the fact that the electrical method measurement depth is equal to the square root of the underground medium multiplied by the instrument-related coefficient and then divided by the resistivity of the surface layer of the underground medium, adjust the electrode spacing to ensure that the measurement depth meets the measurement depth requirements. Under the condition of ensuring sufficient detection depth, narrow the electrode spacing as much as possible to improve the resolution of the detection result. The electrode spacing is generally between 0.5 and 2 meters. According to the basic principle of electrical method exploration, adjust the spacing of the electrodes of the electrical method survey line. The monitoring depth calculation formula of the electrical method survey line is:

[0054]

[0055] Among them, K is a coefficient related to the instrument and measurement conditions, usually between 1 and 2, depending on factors such as current frequency and electrode density; ρ is the resistivity of the underground medium, with the unit of ohm-meter (Ω·m); ρ ais the resistivity of the surface layer of the underground medium, usually the value obtained by ground measurement, and the unit is also Ω·m; adjust the electrode spacing according to the actual data so that the detection depth can meet the requirements of the detection purpose, and at the same time, minimize the electrode spacing as much as possible to improve the monitoring resolution. Generally, the electrode spacing is between 0.5 and 2 meters. The spacing of the electrical prospecting lines is controlled by the degree of change of the underground medium and the resolution of the measuring instrument. If the degree of change of the underground medium is severe and the instrument resolution is high, the line spacing is reduced; if the degree of change of the underground medium is gentle and the instrument resolution is low, the line spacing is increased. The actual line spacing is generally between 10 and 20 meters.

[0056] In this embodiment, a line spacing of 10 meters is selected for the area where the subsidence depth is greater than 2 meters; a line spacing of 15 meters is selected for the area where the subsidence depth is between 1 and 2 meters; a line spacing of 20 meters is selected when the subsidence depth is less than 1 meter. When the subsidence depth is less than 1 meter, the average and small changes in the underground medium and the excessively large detection area can select a 50-meter spacing; when the subsidence depth of the area is greater than 2 meters and the degree of change of the underground medium is extremely severe, a line spacing of 5 meters or 3 meters can be selected. Select the above layout according to on-site experience. While ensuring the line density, obtain data that meets the accuracy requirements. Adjust the line length according to the width of the detection area. The line length is determined by the electrode spacing and the model of the instrument. In principle, the line length should cover the site as much as possible, at least 80% of the site width. If the site width is large, multiple lines can be arranged on a straight line; if the site is narrow, some electrodes can be removed, leaving only the length required for measurement.

[0057] By predicting the distribution of the subsidence value contour lines in the subsidence area through the probability integral method and comparing with the subsidence situation of the actual site (the subsidence value measured in the actual site subsidence measurement), it can be judged whether the subsidence area is in a stable subsidence state or an unstable subsidence state. If the measured value is less than the predicted value, it is unstable; otherwise, it is stable.

[0058] If the monitoring area is in a stable subsidence state, adjust according to the degree of change of the underground medium type and the resolution of the measuring equipment. Generally, it is between 10 and 20 meters. If the underground medium changes gently and the instrument resolution is low, increase the spacing between two lines; if the underground medium changes violently and the instrument resolution is high, the spacing between two lines can be reduced. The specific settings are adjusted according to the empirical formula and actual experiments.

[0059] If the monitoring area is in an unstable subsidence state, adjust the layout density of the lines according to the obtained predicted subsidence situation. On the basis of the line layout principle in the stable subsidence state, increase the line density in the area with severe subsidence activities and set up different measurement profiles for monitoring.

[0060] S3. Arrange insertion displacement sensors, soil temperature, moisture and electrical conductivity sensors, and soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensors in the monitoring area. The distance between sensors is between 5 and 10 meters, and the sensors are arranged parallel to the electrical resistivity survey line. The sensor density changes with the change of the electrical resistivity survey line density. When the distance between electrical resistivity survey lines is 10 meters or less, select a sensor distance of 5 meters; when the distance between electrical resistivity survey lines is 15 meters, select a sensor distance of 7.5 meters; when the distance between electrical resistivity survey lines is 20 meters or more, select a sensor distance of 10 meters.

[0061] In this embodiment, in order to establish the relationship between soil indicators and survey line data, and at the same time considering cost and meeting the accuracy requirements of test data, the above principles are used to arrange sensors. For areas with deeper subsidence, the soil is more disturbed and the possible changes may be greater. The sensor density can be increased according to experience.

[0062] S4. Install a long-term power supply and data collection equipment at the monitoring site, install communication modules (such as WiFi modules) and compatible interface modules on the electrical resistivity survey lines and sensors, and use the communication module (such as WiFi module) to transmit the electrical resistivity data and sensor data to the data collection equipment in real time and upload the data to the cloud platform every two hours.

[0063] S5. Combine the electrical resistivity monitoring data and sensor data, and use inversion software to obtain a three-dimensional resistivity distribution map of the monitoring area. Use mathematical software to fit the relationship functions between resistivity and soil displacement, temperature, moisture, electrical conductivity, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and conduct soil quality evaluation.

[0064] S5.1. Data inversion

[0065] Use the software Res2Dinv and adopt the least squares method with forced smoothing to invert the data of the electrical resistivity survey line to obtain the resistivity distribution map of the survey line profile. Combine the resistivity distribution maps of multiple profiles for fitting to obtain the three-dimensional resistivity distribution map of the entire monitoring area.

[0066] S5.2. Data fitting and soil quality evaluation

[0067] Extract the resistivity at the sensor positions and fit it with the soil displacement, temperature, moisture, electrical conductivity, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium distribution data to obtain the mathematical function relationship between resistivity and soil displacement, temperature, moisture, electrical conductivity, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The mathematical fitting software can be any one of SPSS, MATLAB, Origin, or other similar software that can achieve fitting.

[0068] Substitute the upper and lower threshold values that have a positive impact on soil quality according to various soil indicators into the formula to obtain the threshold values of soil displacement, temperature, moisture, conductivity, and resistivity of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium within the normal range. Use the principal component analysis method to assign weights to each indicator, calculate the comprehensive index range when the soil indicators have a positive impact on soil quality, and equally divide it into four grades: poor, medium, good, and excellent. When the resistivity value is not within the threshold range where the soil indicators have a positive impact, that is, when there is a negative impact on the soil indicators, divide this point as poor soil quality, and calculate the resistivity value ranges corresponding to the five grades. Finally, use GIS spatial analysis to draw the spatial distribution map of soil quality grades to divide the soil quality of the monitoring area.

[0069] Example Two:

[0070] A system for implementing the above method, including:

[0071] The mining subsidence module is configured to: determine the mining subsidence situation of the monitoring area according to the geological conditions, mining conditions, and reclaimed soil conditions of the monitoring area; according to different subsidence situations, determine the spacing, length, and density of the survey lines in the electrical prospecting, and determine the arrangement method of the soil indicator data acquisition sensors;

[0072] The inversion fitting module is configured to: obtain the data of the electrical prospecting lines and the soil indicator data obtained by each sensor, invert the data of the electrical prospecting lines to obtain the three-dimensional resistivity distribution situation of the monitoring area, fit the resistivity values and the soil indicator data, and determine the functional relationship between the resistivity and the soil indicator data;

[0073] The soil quality evaluation module is configured to: based on the obtained functional relationship, use the threshold values that have a positive impact on soil quality by each soil indicator to obtain the resistivity range when the corresponding soil indicators are within the normal range, and use the principal component analysis method to obtain the corresponding evaluation index range when the soil indicators have a positive impact on soil quality;

[0074] The quality grade module is configured to: divide the soil quality grades using the obtained evaluation index range, determine the resistivity value ranges corresponding to each grade, and combine the data obtained by the data acquisition device to obtain the spatial distribution data reflecting the soil quality grades using the functional relationship between the resistivity and the soil indicator data.

[0075] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the quality of subsidence and reclamation soil, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: According to the geological conditions, mining conditions and reclamation soil conditions of the monitoring area, the mining subsidence in the monitoring area is determined; specifically: according to the probability integral method, a unit coordinate system is established and an ordinary differential equation of the probability distribution function is established, and the estimated subsidence, translation and tilt parameters in the monitoring area are solved. After the parameters are summarized, the estimated subsidence distribution is obtained, and the actual site subsidence is compared to determine whether the subsidence area is in a stable state or an unstable state. If the measured value is less than the predicted value, it is unstable; otherwise, it is stable. According to different subsidence conditions, determine the spacing, length and density of the survey lines in the electrical survey, and arrange multiple soil index data collection sensors in the direction parallel to the survey lines; arrange the survey lines according to the principles of electrical survey, and adjust the survey line density according to the severity of the subsidence activity. The length of the survey lines on the profile should be at least 80% of the width of the monitoring area; under the principles of electrical survey, the measurement depth is equal to the product of the square root of the underground medium and the instrument correlation coefficient, divided by the resistivity of the surface layer of the underground medium; if the monitoring area is in an unstable state of subsidence, adjust the arrangement density of the survey lines according to the expected subsidence conditions, and on the basis of the survey line arrangement principle in the stable state, increase the survey line density in the area with severe subsidence activity, and set up different measurement profiles for monitoring; Obtain the data of the electrical survey line and the soil index data, invert the data of the electrical survey line, obtain the three-dimensional distribution of resistivity in the monitoring area, fit the resistivity value and the soil index data, and determine the functional relationship between the resistivity and the soil index data; Based on the obtained functional relationship, the resistivity range when a certain soil index is in the normal range is determined using the set threshold, and the corresponding evaluation index range is obtained using the principal component analysis method. The soil quality grades are divided, and the resistivity value range corresponding to each grade is determined to obtain the spatial distribution data reflecting the soil quality grade. The soil index data acquisition sensor at least includes a displacement sensor, a soil temperature and moisture conductivity sensor, and a soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium sensor.

2. The method for monitoring the quality of mining subsidence and reclamation soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the obtained functional relationship, the threshold value of each soil index having a positive impact on soil quality is used to obtain the resistivity range when the corresponding soil index is in the normal range, and the principal component analysis method is used to obtain the corresponding evaluation index range when the soil index has a positive impact on soil quality.

3. The method for monitoring the quality of mining subsidence and reclamation soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil quality grades are divided according to the obtained evaluation index range, and the resistivity value range corresponding to each grade is determined. Combined with the data obtained by the data acquisition equipment, the functional relationship between resistivity and soil index data is used to obtain the spatial distribution data reflecting the soil quality grade.

4. The method for monitoring the quality of mining subsidence and reclamation soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data of the electrical survey line is inverted to obtain the three-dimensional resistivity distribution of the monitoring area. Specifically, the data of the electrical survey line is inverted using the forced smoothing least squares method to obtain the resistivity distribution map of the survey line section, and the resistivity distribution maps of multiple sections are fitted to obtain the three-dimensional resistivity distribution map of the entire monitoring area.

5. The method for monitoring the quality of mining subsidence and reclamation soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistivity value and soil index data are fitted to determine the functional relationship between the resistivity and the soil index data. Specifically, the resistivity at the sensor location and the corresponding soil index data are extracted, and the mathematical functional relationship between the resistivity and the corresponding soil index data is obtained through fitting software.

6. A system for implementing the quality monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: The mining subsidence module is configured to: determine the mining subsidence conditions in the monitoring area according to the geological conditions, mining conditions and reclamation soil conditions in the monitoring area; determine the spacing, length and density of the survey lines in the electrical survey according to different subsidence conditions, and determine the layout of the soil index data collection sensors; The inversion fitting module is configured to: obtain the data of the electrical survey line and the soil index data, invert the data of the electrical survey line, obtain the three-dimensional distribution of the resistivity in the monitoring area, fit the resistivity value and the soil index data, and determine the functional relationship between the resistivity and the soil index data; The soil quality evaluation module is configured as follows: based on the obtained functional relationship, the resistivity range when a certain soil indicator is in the normal range is determined using the set threshold, the corresponding evaluation index range is obtained using the principal component analysis method, the soil quality grades are divided, and the resistivity value range corresponding to each grade is determined to obtain spatial distribution data reflecting the soil quality grades.

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