A fluidized bed system for processing solid waste in the calcium carbide industry

Abstract

The application discloses a fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry, and relates to the field of energy saving and environmental protection, comprising a burning furnace, a cyclone dust collector, a slag cooler and a fluidizing fan; the burning furnace is connected with the cyclone dust collector, the cyclone is connected with the slag cooler, dust collected by the cyclone is partially returned to the burning furnace after being cooled in the slag cooler, and the dust is partially discharged. The fluidizing fan is connected with the burning furnace through an outlet pipeline. The burning furnace can be effectively used for a long time, the thermal efficiency is improved, and the emission of nitrogen oxides can meet the standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and relates to an improved fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry. Specifically, it is an improved fluidized bed structure and its supporting facilities for the energy-saving and environmentally friendly disposal of calcium carbide purification ash. Background Technology

[0002] The closed-loop calcium carbide furnace production process in the calcium carbide industry generates a large amount of calcium carbide purification ash. Currently, the national calcium carbide production capacity is 20-40 million tons per year, and the amount of purification ash generated accounts for 3%-7% of calcium carbide production. This purification ash is prone to spontaneous combustion, posing a safety hazard, and its particle size is extremely fine. 50 <20μm, easily causing dust pollution, resulting in extremely harsh on-site operating environments. The amount of calcium carbide purification ash generated is approximately the same as that currently used in the calcium carbide industry for disposal methods such as landfill and incineration. The calorific value of the purification ash is 1200-2000kcal / kg. If it is incinerated and the waste heat is recovered, the energy consumption of calcium carbide production can be effectively reduced.

[0003] Current equipment for incinerating purified ash has some problems, which seriously restricts calcium carbide production.

[0004] (1) The purification ash contains substances with too low melting point, which easily forms serious slag and limits long-term operation.

[0005] (2) Contains a large amount of fixed fuel nitrogen, leading to NO x Emissions are too high and difficult to control.

[0006] (3) Due to the high ash content of the purification ash, a large amount of heat is lost with the ash discharge, which reduces the heat recovery and utilization rate.

[0007] (4) It is not easy to burn completely, and the slag has high residual carbon content.

[0008] Therefore, this invention addresses the aforementioned problems in the current treatment of purified ash incineration by proposing an improved fluidized bed system that addresses and optimizes these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem solved by this application is to address the production problems encountered in calcium carbide purification ash incineration equipment, overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, and provide an improved fluidized bed system for solid waste treatment in the calcium carbide industry, which can effectively extend the operating cycle of the incinerator, improve thermal efficiency, and ensure that nitrogen oxide emissions meet standards.

[0010] The technical solution provided in this application is as follows:

[0011] A fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry includes an incinerator, a cyclone dust collector, a slag cooler, and a fluidizing blower. The incinerator includes a furnace body and a lower shell. The furnace body contains a furnace chamber, and the bottom of the furnace body has a slag discharge pipe. The lower shell is located outside the bottom of the furnace body. A dust collector is installed between the lower shell and the outer wall of the slag discharge pipe. A fluidizing air chamber is formed between the lower shell, the bottom of the furnace body, the dust collector, and the slag discharge pipe. A first air cap is installed at the bottom of the furnace body, connecting the fluidizing air chamber and the furnace chamber. A heat exchange plate is connected inside the lower shell, located below the slag discharge pipe, and connected to the incinerator slag discharge pipe. The ash discharge pipe of the incinerator extends downwards through the bottom of the lower shell. A heat exchange air chamber is formed between the heat exchange plate, the side wall of the lower shell, the bottom of the lower shell, and the outer wall of the ash discharge pipe. An ash heat exchange chamber is formed between the dust removal component and the heat exchange plate. A second air cap is provided on the heat exchange plate to connect the ash heat exchange chamber and the heat exchange air chamber. The fluidizing gas in the ash heat exchange chamber enters the fluidizing air chamber after being filtered by the dust removal component. A fluidizing blower is used to supply air to the fluidizing air chamber and / or the heat exchange air chamber. The top outlet of the incinerator furnace is connected to a cyclone dust collector, which is connected to a slag cooler. One outlet of the slag cooler is used for ash discharge, and the other outlet of the slag cooler is connected to the incinerator furnace.

[0012] The bottom of the furnace body includes a lower conical section and a bottom horizontal section. The diameter of the lower conical section decreases downwards, and the bottom horizontal section is connected to the small-diameter end of the lower conical section. The furnace slag discharge pipe is connected to the middle of the bottom horizontal section. The first air cap connected to the lower conical section adopts a single-sided fluidization hole, and the fluidization holes all face the same direction in the circumferential direction of the lower conical section.

[0013] The bottom inner diameter of the furnace slag discharge pipe is larger than the top inner diameter, and there is a tapered transition between the top and the bottom. A furnace slag discharge pipe valve is installed on the furnace slag discharge pipe, and the furnace slag discharge pipe valve is automatically opened and closed by the bed pressure at the bottom of the furnace body.

[0014] The lower shell is equipped with a material distribution structure, which is located directly below the furnace ash discharge pipe, and the heat exchange plate is located below the material distribution structure. The material distribution structure is used to distribute the ash and slag falling from the furnace ash discharge pipe.

[0015] The two outlet pipes of the fluidizing blower are connected to the fluidizing air chamber and the heat exchange air chamber of the incinerator, respectively. A fluidizing air valve is installed on the outlet pipe connected to the heat exchange air chamber, and an emergency fluidizing air valve is installed on the outlet pipe connected to the fluidizing air chamber. During normal operation, the fluidizing air valve is open and the emergency fluidizing air valve is closed. In an emergency, the fluidizing air valve is closed and the emergency fluidizing air valve is open.

[0016] The fluidizing gas provided by the fluidizing fan is a low-oxygen gas with an oxygen concentration of less than 18%, and the remaining components are inert components.

[0017] Multiple slag removal pipes are connected at the junction of the conical sidewall and the bottom horizontal section of the incinerator furnace. The slag removal pipes are equipped with coke removal valves. The end of the slag removal pipe that connects to the bottom of the incinerator furnace is a flat opening, and the width of the flat opening is perpendicular to the axis of the conical sidewall.

[0018] The incinerator furnace is equipped with N-stage inlets, numbered 0-N from bottom to top. Each stage inlet includes a feed inlet and an air distribution inlet arranged from bottom to top, and a denitrification agent injection inlet is provided between each stage feed inlet and air distribution inlet. The number of stages N is 2 to 6. The feed direction of the feed inlet and the air direction of the air distribution inlet form a rotating tangent circle, and the ratio of the rotating tangent circle to the furnace diameter is 0.05-0.4. The feed inlet and air distribution inlet of the same stage have the same rotation direction, and the rotation directions of adjacent stages should be opposite.

[0019] The feed rate f at each of the aforementioned feed inlets n = 2F*(N+1-n) / (N*(1+N)); where n is the number of stages at the feed inlet, 0 < n ≤ N, F is the total throughput; and the air volume distributed at each stage is c. n =2C*(N+1-n) / (N*(1+N))*a n Where C is the total air volume; when n is an odd number, a n =0.3-0.8; when n is even, a n =0.8-1.3; c N It is 2-4.

[0020] The denitrification agent injection inlet at each stage is injected with a denitrification dosage q. n = (2Q*n) / (N*(1+N)), where Q is the total amount of denitrification agent to be injected.

[0021] In summary, this application includes at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0022] 1) By improving the structure of the fluidized bed air cap, the feeding method and the air distribution method, the flow field inside the incinerator is optimized, the scouring of purified ash in the furnace is increased, slagging is delayed, the operating cycle is extended and the stability is improved.

[0023] 2) By controlling the material feed rate and air distribution, staged combustion of purified ash is achieved, thereby realizing low NO₂ levels. x Combustion ensures that nitrogen oxide emissions meet standards.

[0024] 3) The ash and slag discharged from the incinerator are below 80℃, saving the step of cooling with circulating water and reducing operating costs. At the same time, the waste heat of the ash and slag is utilized, improving the thermal efficiency of the incinerator and providing more usable waste heat.

[0025] 4) The ash and slag discharged from the incinerator have lower residual carbon, higher combustion efficiency, and more usable waste heat. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is the general equipment drawing and system connection diagram of a circulating fluidized bed incinerator suitable for the disposal of calcium carbide ash;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the furnace sidewall in the preferred example.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side wall vent opening in the preferred example.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the slag removal port in the preferred example.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slag removal pipe in the preferred example.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the slag removal pipe from the left in the preferred example.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding and airflow swirl directions for the first and third stages in the preferred example.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second-stage feeding and airflow swirl in the preferred example.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Incinerator furnace, 2. Cyclone dust collector, 3. Slag cooler, 4. Fluidizing air chamber, 5. Dust removal chamber, 6. Furnace slag discharge pipe, 7. Furnace slag discharge pipe valve, 8. Ash and slag heat exchange chamber, 9. Heat exchange air chamber, 10. Incinerator slag discharge pipe, 11. Incinerator slag discharge pipe valve, 12. Material distribution structure, 13. Slag cleaning pipe, 14. Slag cleaning valve, 15. Fluidizing blower, 16. Fluidizing air valve, 17. Emergency fluidizing air valve, 18. First air cap, 19. Second air cap. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] The following describes the specific implementation method using a particular project as an example.

[0037] This application discloses a fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes an incinerator, a cyclone dust collector 2, a slag cooler 3, and a fluidizing blower 15.

[0038] The incinerator is equipped with an incinerator furnace chamber 1, a fluidizing air chamber 4, a dust removal chamber 5, a furnace ash discharge pipe 6, an ash heat exchange chamber 8, a heat exchange air chamber 9, an incinerator ash discharge pipe 10, and a material distribution structure 12.

[0039] The incinerator includes a furnace body and a lower shell. The furnace body contains a furnace chamber 1. At the bottom of the furnace chamber 1, the furnace body includes a lower conical section and a bottom horizontal section. The lower conical section narrows in diameter downwards, and the bottom horizontal section connects to the smaller diameter end of the lower conical section. Multiple first air caps 18 are provided at the bottom of the furnace body. A furnace ash discharge pipe 6 is located in the middle of the bottom horizontal section. The lower shell is connected to the outside of the furnace bottom. A dust removal component is provided between the furnace ash discharge pipe 6 and the lower shell. The dust removal component includes support members and filter cartridges located between the support members. A fluidizing air chamber 4 is formed between the lower shell, the bottom of the furnace body, the dust removal component, and the furnace ash discharge pipe 6. The fluidizing air chamber 4 is connected to a fluidizing blower 15. A vent cap 18 connects the fluidizing air chamber 4 and the incinerator furnace 1; the support of the dust collector is breathable, thus forming a dust collection chamber 5; a cloth-laying structure 12 and a heat exchange plate are connected inside the lower shell. The cloth-laying structure 12 is located directly below the furnace ash discharge pipe 6, and the heat exchange plate is located below the cloth-laying structure 12. The ash and slag falling from the cloth-laying structure 12 fall onto the heat exchange plate. The heat exchange plate is connected to the incinerator ash discharge pipe 10, which extends downwards through the bottom of the lower shell. A heat exchange air chamber 9 is formed between the heat exchange plate, the side wall of the lower shell, the bottom of the lower shell, and the outer wall of the incinerator ash discharge pipe 10. Multiple second vent caps 19 are installed on the heat exchange plate, and the heat exchange air chamber 9 is connected to the fluidizing blower 15. An ash and slag heat exchange chamber 8 is formed between the dust collector and the heat exchange plate. The second vent caps 19 connect the ash and slag heat exchange chamber 8 and the heat exchange air chamber 9.

[0040] The incinerator is used for the disposal of calcium carbide purification ash. The outlet of the incinerator furnace 1 is connected to a cyclone dust collector 2, which in turn is connected to a slag cooler 3. One outlet of the slag cooler 3 discharges slag, and the other outlet is connected to the incinerator furnace 1. The outlet pipe of the fluidizing blower 15 is connected to the incinerator furnace 1. The flue gas containing fly ash generated in the incinerator furnace 1 is dedusted by the cyclone dust collector 2. The flue gas is discharged from the top of the dust collector 2, while the fly ash enters the slag cooler 3 from the bottom of the dust collector 2. After being cooled to a suitable temperature by the slag cooler 3, a portion of the ash is returned to the incinerator furnace 1, and the remaining portion is discharged as ash.

[0041] First air caps 18 are evenly distributed in the lower conical section and bottom horizontal section of the incinerator furnace 1. Clean fluidizing gas in the fluidizing air chamber 4 enters the incinerator furnace 1 through the first air caps 18, and the high-speed fluidizing gas fully fluidizes the bed material in the incinerator furnace 1. Conventional fluidized bed incinerators only use bottom horizontal fluidization. Due to the extremely fine particle size of the purified ash, the intermolecular forces and van der Waals forces are significant, making it prone to agglomeration and difficult to fluidize. Therefore, sidewall fluidization is also provided for the fluidization of purified ash. The first air caps 18 located on the sidewall of the conical section have fluidization holes on one side, and all the fluidization holes of the first air caps 18 face the same direction. Figure 2 The diagram shows a top view of the furnace sidewall, with air entering the incinerator furnace chamber 1 and rotating clockwise. (See diagram for reference.) Figure 3The top view of the first wind cap 18 set on the side wall of the conical section shows that there are no fluidization holes on the left side of the first wind cap 18 set on the side wall of the conical section, and three fluidization holes are evenly opened on the right side.

[0042] A furnace ash discharge pipe 6, shaped like an inverted cone, is installed in the middle of the horizontal section at the bottom of the incinerator furnace 1. This structure facilitates the discharge of large ash particles. A furnace ash discharge pipe valve 7 is installed on the furnace ash discharge pipe 6, which can be automatically opened and closed by the bed pressure. A material distribution structure 12 is installed at the bottom of the furnace ash discharge pipe 6. After being discharged, the ash is distributed by the material distribution structure 12 and falls into the ash heat exchange chamber 8.

[0043] A ash heat exchange chamber 8 is located at the lower part of the fluidizing air chamber 4. A uniform second air cap 19 is located at the lower part of the ash heat exchange chamber 8, and an incinerator ash discharge pipe 10 is located in the middle of the second air cap 19. The fluidizing gas enters the heat exchange chamber 9 under the action of the fluidizing blower 15, and then exchanges heat with the high-temperature ash in the ash heat exchange chamber 8 through the second air cap 19. After heat exchange, the ash temperature is lower than 100°C, and the cooled ash is discharged through the incinerator ash discharge pipe 10. An incinerator ash discharge pipe valve 11 is installed on the incinerator ash discharge pipe 10, and the valve can be opened and closed by the ash temperature in the ash heat exchange chamber. A dust removal component is installed at the top of the ash heat exchange chamber 8. The dust removal component includes a support component and a filter cartridge located between the support components. The dust removal component forms a dust removal chamber 5. The fluidizing gas in the ash heat exchange chamber 8 can directly pass through the dust removal component. After being filtered and dust-removed by the dust removal component, the fluidizing gas enters the fluidizing air chamber 4. The temperature of the fluidized gas after heat exchange is 200℃. It carries a small amount of fly ash. The high-temperature fluidized gas after heat exchange enters the dust removal chamber 5. After dust removal, it becomes clean fluidized gas and enters the fluidized air chamber 4 for use in the incinerator.

[0044] The outlet pipe of the fluidizing blower 15 is connected to the fluidizing chamber 4 and the heat exchange chamber 9 of the incinerator. A fluidizing air valve 16 is installed on the outlet pipe connected to the heat exchange chamber 9, and an emergency fluidizing air valve 17 is installed on the outlet pipe connected to the fluidizing chamber 4. During normal operation, the fluidizing air valve 16 is open, and the emergency fluidizing air valve 17 is closed. In an emergency, the valve positions are reversed: the fluidizing air valve 16 is closed, and the emergency fluidizing air valve 17 is open. The fluidizing gas directly enters the fluidizing chamber 4, without affecting the normal operation of the incinerator, ensuring continuous and stable combustion. The fluidizing gas is a low-oxygen gas, with an oxygen concentration of less than 18%, and the remaining components are inert components. In this embodiment, the fluidizing gas is the clean exhaust gas from the incinerator, with an oxygen concentration of 14%, and the remainder being inert gases such as nitrogen and CO2. This oxygen concentration is less than 18%, ensuring that the oxygen provided by the fluidizing gas keeps the purified ash in a reducing atmosphere, thereby achieving low-NOx staged combustion.

[0045] like Figure 4As shown, three evenly distributed slag removal pipes 13 are installed at the junction of the conical sidewall and the bottom horizontal section of the incinerator furnace 1. Each slag removal pipe 13 is equipped with a coke removal valve 14 for online slag removal after slag buildup, and also for emergency slag discharge in case of emergency. See the detailed layout for... Figure 4 A top-view diagram of the slag removal inlet. The slag removal pipe 13 adopts a round-to-square design, meaning the square section has a flattened opening. The direction of the largest diameter of the flattened opening is its width direction, which is perpendicular to the axis of the conical section sidewall. The flattened opening is directly connected to the bottom of the incinerator furnace 1, ensuring slag accumulation under normal operating conditions and minimizing the outflow of small pieces of bed material during slag removal, thus reducing safety hazards. Simultaneously, compressed air can be used for blowing at this point, resulting in a faster flow velocity into the incinerator furnace 1 and eliminating dead zones. The structure of the slag removal pipe 13 is shown in [reference needed]. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown.

[0046] The upper part of the furnace is equipped with multi-stage feed inlets for purified ash and multi-stage air distribution outlets. A denitrification agent injection inlet is located between each stage feed inlet and air distribution outlet. The number of stages (N) should be 2 to 6. The feed direction of the feed inlets and the air direction of the air distribution outlets form a rotating tangential circle. The diameter of the rotating tangential circle can be adjusted according to the processing capacity. The ratio of the rotating tangential circle to the furnace diameter is 0.05-0.4. The rotation directions of the feed inlets and air distribution outlets within the same stage are the same, while the rotation directions of adjacent stages should be opposite.

[0047] Feed rate f at each feed inlet n The settings are based on the total processing capacity F and the number of stages N. The feed rate at each stage inlet increases gradually and proportionally from bottom to top, with the feed rate f at each stage inlet being... n = 2F*(N+1-n) / (N*(1+N)). The air intake volume of each air distribution vent is based on the feed rate f. n Control is implemented from bottom to top, with the peroxygen coefficient 'a' gradually increasing. The value is determined based on the number of stages, and the total air volume C is set when the peroxygen coefficient is 1, determined by the total throughput F. The air volume per stage is c. n =2C*(N+1-n) / (N*(1+N))*a n , where a 2n-1 =0.3-0.8, a 2n =0.8-1.3, c N The temperature is adjusted by the furnace outlet temperature, c N The typical value is 2-4. Like the feed inlet and air distribution outlet, multiple stages of denitrification agent injection inlets are installed, with each stage injecting a denitrification agent dosage of q. n q n The settings are determined based on the required total amount of denitrifying agent Q and the number of stages N. The injection rate for each stage gradually decreases proportionally from bottom to top, with the feed rate for each stage being q. n = (2Q*n) / (N*(1+N)).

[0048] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, n is 3, meaning that the upper straight section of the incinerator furnace 1 is equipped with a three-stage feed inlet for purified ash and a three-stage air distribution outlet, from bottom to top, representing stages one to three. A denitrification agent injection inlet is located between each stage's feed inlet and air distribution outlet; that is, each stage, from bottom to top, consists of a feed inlet, a denitrification agent injection inlet, and an air distribution outlet. The feed inlet and air distribution outlet form a rotating tangent circle. The ratio d / D of the rotating circle's diameter to the incinerator furnace 1's diameter is designed based on the total processing capacity F. In this preferred example, F = 1 t / h, and d / D is 0.2. The feed inlets and air distribution outlets of the same stage have the same rotation direction, while the rotation directions of adjacent stages should be opposite. That is, the side wall air caps (the first air cap 18 set on the side wall of the cone section), the first stage feed inlet, the first stage air distribution outlet, the second stage feed inlet, the second stage air distribution outlet, the third stage feed inlet, and the third stage air distribution outlet are clockwise, counterclockwise, counterclockwise, clockwise, clockwise, counterclockwise, and counterclockwise, respectively, as detailed below. Figure 7 and Figure 8 The direction of rotation is shown in the diagram.

[0049] The feed rate at each inlet is set in stages, with f1, f2, and f3 representing 50%, 33.3%, and 16.7% of the total processing capacity F, respectively. The airflow at each air distribution inlet is based on the feed rate f. n In addition, the oxygen concentration in the fluidizing gas is controlled to ensure that both the first and second stages are in a reducing atmosphere, i.e., the working condition of excessive ash feed and insufficient oxygen. The preferred example shows that the air distribution volume of each stage, c1, c2, and c3, is 30%C, 33.3%C, and 50%C, respectively, where a1 = 0.6, a2 = 1, and a3 = 3.

[0050] Three-stage denitrification agent injection inlets are set up. The injection amount of each stage is set according to the total amount of denitrification agent Q to be injected, the number of stages N=3, and the principle of stepwise proportional decrease. The denitrification agent injection dosages q1, q2, and q3 at each stage injection inlet are 16.7%Q, 33.3%Q, and 50%Q, respectively.

[0051] The contents not described in detail in this application specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention. Under the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make other improvements or modifications based on the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above specific description is only to better explain the purpose of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed system for treating solid waste from the calcium carbide industry, characterized in that: It includes an incinerator, a cyclone dust collector (2), a slag cooler (3), and a fluidizing blower (15); The incinerator includes a furnace body and a lower shell. The furnace body contains a furnace chamber (1), and the bottom of the furnace body has a furnace ash discharge pipe (6). The lower shell is located outside the bottom of the furnace body. A dust collector is installed between the lower shell and the outer wall of the furnace ash discharge pipe (6). A fluidizing air chamber (4) is formed between the lower shell, the bottom of the furnace body, the dust collector, and the furnace ash discharge pipe (6). A first air cap (18) connecting the fluidizing air chamber (4) and the furnace chamber (1) is installed at the bottom of the furnace body. A heat exchange plate is connected inside the lower shell, located within the furnace ash discharge pipe (1). 6) Below, the heat exchange plate is connected to the incinerator ash discharge pipe (10), which extends downward through the bottom of the lower shell. A heat exchange air chamber (9) is formed between the heat exchange plate, the side wall of the lower shell, the bottom of the lower shell, and the outer wall of the incinerator ash discharge pipe (10). An ash heat exchange chamber (8) is formed between the dust removal component and the heat exchange plate. A second air cap (19) is provided on the heat exchange plate to connect the ash heat exchange chamber (8) and the heat exchange air chamber (9). The fluidizing gas in the ash heat exchange chamber (8) enters the fluidizing air chamber (4) after being filtered by the dust removal component. The fluidizing fan (15) is used to supply air to the fluidizing air chamber (4) and / or the heat exchange air chamber (9); The top outlet of the incinerator furnace (1) is connected to the cyclone dust collector (2), the cyclone dust collector (2) is connected to the slag cooler (3), one outlet of the slag cooler (3) is used for slag discharge, and the other outlet of the slag cooler (3) is connected to the incinerator furnace (1).

2. The fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the furnace body includes a lower conical section and a bottom horizontal section. The diameter of the lower conical section decreases downwards, and the bottom horizontal section is connected to the small diameter end of the lower conical section. The furnace slag discharge pipe (6) is connected to the middle of the bottom horizontal section. The first air cap (18) connected to the lower conical section adopts a single-sided fluidization hole, and the fluidization holes are all facing the same direction in the circumferential direction of the lower conical section.

3. The fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom inner diameter of the furnace slag discharge pipe (6) is larger than the top inner diameter, and there is a conical transition between the top and the bottom. A furnace slag discharge pipe valve (7) is installed on the furnace slag discharge pipe (6), and the furnace slag discharge pipe valve (7) is automatically opened and closed by the bed pressure at the bottom of the furnace body.

4. A fluidized bed system for treating solid waste from the calcium carbide industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower shell is provided with a material distribution structure (12), which is located directly below the furnace ash discharge pipe (6), and the heat exchange plate is located below the material distribution structure (12). The material distribution structure (12) is used to distribute the ash and slag falling from the furnace ash discharge pipe (6).

5. A fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two outlet pipes of the fluidizing blower (15) are connected to the fluidizing air chamber (4) and the heat exchange air chamber (9) of the incinerator, respectively. A fluidizing air valve (16) is installed on the outlet pipe connected to the heat exchange air chamber (9), and an emergency fluidizing air valve (17) is installed on the outlet pipe connected to the fluidizing air chamber (4). During normal operation, the fluidizing air valve (16) is open and the emergency fluidizing air valve (17) is closed. In an emergency, the fluidizing air valve (16) is closed and the emergency fluidizing air valve (17) is open.

6. A fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluidizing gas provided by the fluidizing fan (15) is a low-oxygen gas with an oxygen concentration of less than 18%, and the remaining components are inert components.

7. A fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple slag removal pipes (13) are connected at the junction of the conical sidewall and the bottom horizontal section of the incinerator furnace (1). A coke removal valve (14) is installed on the slag removal pipe (13). The end of the slag removal pipe (13) connected to the bottom of the incinerator furnace (1) is a flat opening, and the width direction of the flat opening is perpendicular to the axis of the conical sidewall.

8. A fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The incinerator furnace (1) is provided with N-level inlets, and from bottom to top, they are 0-N levels. Each level inlet includes a feed inlet and an air distribution inlet arranged from bottom to top, and a denitrification agent injection inlet is provided between each level feed inlet and air distribution inlet; the number of levels N is 2 to 6 levels. The feeding direction of the feed inlet and the air intake direction of the air distribution inlet form a rotating tangent circle, and the ratio of the rotating tangent circle to the furnace diameter is 0.05-0.4; the feeding inlet and air distribution inlet of the same stage have the same rotation direction, and the rotation direction of adjacent stages should be opposite.

9. A fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feed rate f at each of the aforementioned feed inlets n =2F*(N+1-n) / (N*(1+N)); where n is the number of stages of the feed inlet, 0<n≤N, and F is the total throughput; The air volume distributed at each air distribution outlet is c. n =2C*(N+1-n) / (N*(1+N))*a n Where C is the total air volume; when n is an odd number, a n =0.3-0.8; when n is even, a n =0.8-1.3; c N It is 2-4.

10. A fluidized bed system for treating solid waste in the calcium carbide industry according to claim 8, characterized in that: The denitrification agent injection inlet at each stage is injected with a denitrification dosage q. n = (2Q*n) / (N*(1+N)), where Q is the total amount of denitrification agent to be injected.

Images