Experimental device and method for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged rupture fragments under dynamic load

Abstract

The present invention discloses an experimental device and method for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged blasting discs under dynamic loads, which belongs to the field of safety of petrochemical enterprises. It includes a visual pressure-bearing system, an impact system, an adjustable lifting support system, an air intake rate control system, an ignition system, a high-pressure gas premixing system, a water bath heating / cooling system, a pressure acquisition system, a temperature acquisition system, a displacement strain acquisition system, a high-speed infrared acquisition system, an image acquisition system, a schlieren system, a blasting disc device, a synchronous control system, and a program control and data acquisition system. The rupture failure form and performance test research of impact-damaged blasting discs under dynamic loads are realized by using a blasting disc failure and performance test device. The invention fills the gap in the rupture failure form and performance test and technical detection of impact-damaged blasting discs in petrochemical enterprises by studying the experimental device and technical method for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged blasting discs under dynamic loads under the influence of multiple parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of petrochemical enterprise safety, and in particular relates to an experimental device and method for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting pieces under dynamic load. Background Art

[0002] As a precise safety relief element, bursting discs are widely used in pressure vessels, pipelines and other devices with overpressure risks. Their function is to quickly relieve pressure when the pressure-bearing equipment is overpressured to avoid the explosion of the container due to excessive internal pressure. As the last line of defense for safety protection devices, most of the equipment installed on them are containers of flammable, explosive and toxic media. Leakage or discharge is absolutely not allowed during normal operation. When an abnormality occurs, the high-temperature medium and overpressure should be accurately and timely discharged to the outside of the container to avoid container explosion accidents. The formulation and implementation of relevant standards and regulations provide a basis for the scientific and reasonable design, manufacture and use of bursting discs. However, with the continuous expansion of application occasions, bursting discs exposed to the external environment are susceptible to impact by impact objects and are easily deformed or fail, which in turn leads to inevitable accidents, bringing huge safety hazards to petrochemical enterprises.

[0003] As a one-time safety device, the accuracy and reliability of the action of the bursting disc are crucial. It is of great significance to carry out basic theoretical and experimental research on the failure form analysis and blasting performance of bursting discs. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an experimental device and detection technology for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic load, comprising:

[0005] Visual pressure bearing system, impact system, adjustable lifting support system, air intake rate control system, ignition system, high-pressure gas premixing system, water bath heating / cooling system, pressure acquisition system, temperature acquisition system, displacement strain acquisition system, high-speed infrared acquisition system, image acquisition system, Schlieren system, bursting disc device, synchronous controller, program control and data acquisition system;

[0006] The program control and data acquisition system is combined with a synchronous controller, and is respectively connected with the impact system, the air intake rate control system, the ignition system, the pressure acquisition system, the temperature acquisition system, the displacement strain acquisition system, the high-speed infrared acquisition system, the image acquisition system, and the Schlieren system;

[0007] The visualized pressure-bearing system is composed of a visualized pressure-bearing container 10, a first visualized window 12-1, a second visualized window 12-2, and a visualized flange conduit 40; the first visualized window 12-1 is installed at the front and rear of the visualized pressure-bearing container 10, and is sealed at the top and bottom by flanges, and its right wall is connected to the visualized flange conduit 40; the second visualized window 12-2 is installed at the front and rear of the visualized flange conduit 40 to realize the observation and study of the changes in the flame flow field after the blasting disc explodes; the first visualized window 12-1 realizes the observation and study of the flow characteristics and process of the internal explosion flow field flame and shock wave, and the dynamic load impact at a high-speed pressure increase rate acting on the blasting disc flow field, as well as the flow characteristics and change process of its internal flow field under different blasting disc rupture failure forms;

[0008] The top flange of the visualized pressure container 10 is connected to a high-precision pressure gauge 15 through a ball valve to measure its internal pressure, and is installed with an exhaust port 13; the bottom flange of the visualized pressure container 10 is connected to an air compressor 19-1 and a vacuum pump 18 to achieve a determined vacuum degree and overpressure inside the visualized pressure container 10, and cooperate with the exhaust port 13 to achieve the purging and replacement of the internal combustion and explosion products.

[0009] The impact system is composed of an impact head 36, a high-precision force sensor 26, a firing rod 38, an infrared laser displacement measuring device 28, a gun barrel 29, a high-pressure air transmitter 31, a precision digital pressure gauge 3-2, an air compressor 19-2, a synchronous controller 35, and a program control and data acquisition system 37; wherein: a firing rod 38 is installed inside the gun barrel 29, and the impact head 36 is arranged outside the gun barrel 29, the impact head 36 is connected to one end of the firing rod 38, and the other ends of the gun barrel 29 and the firing rod 38 are connected to the high-pressure air transmitter 31; a high-precision force sensor 2 is arranged on the impact head 36 6. The gun barrel 29 is provided with an infrared laser displacement measuring device 28; the function of the impact system is to launch an impact object with a certain impact energy to impact the bursting disc 25 to cause damage and failure; the launch pressure of the impact system is determined by the second precision digital pressure gauge 3-2; when the set pressure value is reached, the air compressor 19-2 and the electromagnetic valve connected thereto are turned off; at the same time, the electromagnetic valve connected to the gun barrel 29 is controlled by the synchronous controller 35 and the program control and data acquisition system 37 to realize the launch of the launch rod 38 and the impact head 36; the air compressor 19-2 provides an air source for the high-pressure air storage chamber inside the impact system. The gun barrel 29 is provided with a hole to realize the discharge of the compressed gas after the launch rod 38 is launched. Two air-closing ring grooves are processed on the firing rod 38, and a nylon sealing ring 30 is installed in the air-closing ring groove; the high-precision force sensor 26, the impact head 36 and the firing rod 38 are connected by bolts, and the high-precision force sensor 26 can realize real-time detection of the instantaneous force value of the impact; the infrared laser displacement meter 28 is installed on the gun barrel 29, which can determine the distance and position of the impact.

[0010] The shell of the high-pressure air transmitter 31 is made of stainless steel, and its internal structure is a top-mounted program controller 31-4, which is equipped with two solenoid valves and a high-pressure air storage chamber 31-3. The program controller 31-4 is connected to the synchronous controller 35 to control the opening and closing of the two solenoid valves.

[0011] In the experimental study of the blasting performance and influencing factors of metal bursting discs, it is known that the reverse arch bursting disc is formed by a quasi-spherical crown after large plastic deformation, and its instability pressure is related to the tensile strength of the material. Based on a large number of finite element analysis and test results, taking into account factors such as material strength, spherical crown height, discharge diameter and diaphragm thickness, the calculation formula for its instability pressure is obtained (1):

[0012] (1)

[0013] Where K is a coefficient related to the material; H is the arch height, mm; D is the diameter, mm; S is the thickness of the rupture disc shell, mm; σ is the tensile strength limit of the material, MPa. Relevant experiments have found that the instability load of the rupture disc shell is closely related to the tensile strength limit of the material. As long as the properties of the material are known, its instability pressure can be easily predicted.

[0014] The adjustable lifting support system is composed of a scissor-type manual lifting platform 32, a stepper motor 33, a stepper motor controller 34, and a CNC slide 27. The CNC slide 27 is provided with a scissor-type manual lifting platform 32, a stepper motor 33 is provided on the right side of the CNC slide 27, and the stepper motor controller 34 is connected to the stepper motor 33; the horizontal distance control of the impact position of the impact system is realized by regulating the stepper motor 33 and the stepper motor controller 34; the height control of the impact position of the impact system is realized by the scissor-type manual lifting platform 32; and the distance and position of the impact are determined in combination with the infrared laser displacement meter 28.

[0015] The air intake rate control system is composed of a flow meter 7, an intelligent control valve 8, and an electric control cabinet 9; a flow meter 7 and an intelligent control valve 8 are arranged on the connecting pipe between the premixing tank 2 and the visual pressure container 10, and the electric control cabinet 9 is connected to the flow meter 7 and the intelligent control valve 8 respectively, and the intelligent control valve 8 is then connected to the program control and data acquisition system 37 through the synchronous controller 35. The pipeline is connected to the left wall of the visual pressure container 10 through a one-way valve 16. Its function is to control the pressure increase rate inside the visual pressure container 10 by regulating the flow rate and air intake rate of the high-pressure gas. Specifically, the flow meter 7 is connected to the premixing tank 2 through a ball valve to measure the high-pressure air intake rate flow. The intelligent control valve is regulated by the electric control cabinet 9 to change the air intake rate and the pressure increase rate inside the visualized pressure container 10; the one-way valve 16 prevents the reverse propagation of overpressure and flame inside the visualized pressure container 10; the pressure increase rate inside the container can significantly affect the rupture process of the bursting disc. By adjusting the air intake rate, the influence of the bursting pressure and the bursting performance of the dynamic load bursting disc after damage can be studied under different impact intensity conditions:

[0016] The BC segment with a stable boost rate is taken as the dynamic boost stage, and point B is the starting point of the dynamic boost stage, denoted as P B Point C is the end point of the dynamic pressure increase stage. The pressure value at point C is the actual dynamic bursting pressure of the bursting disc in the dynamic bursting test, which is recorded as P C ,

[0017] The pressure increase rate of dynamic explosion is calculated by the following formula (2):

[0018] (2).

[0019] The ignition system consists of an ignition electrode 11, an adjustable high-voltage igniter 21, a synchronous controller 35 and a program control and data acquisition system 37; the ignition electrode 11 is installed at the center position of the bottom flange of the visual pressure vessel 10 through a threaded connection, the ignition electrode 11 is connected to the adjustable high-voltage igniter 21, and is connected to the program control and data acquisition system 37 through the synchronous controller 35, the ignition energy is regulated by the adjustable high-voltage igniter 21, and the ignition moment and time are regulated by the program control and data acquisition system 37.

[0020] The high-pressure gas premixing system consists of a premixing tank 2, a precision digital pressure gauge 3-1, a precision digital temperature gauge 4, a first pressure reducing valve 5-1, a second pressure reducing valve 5-2, and air and hydrogen cylinders; the air cylinder and the hydrogen cylinder are connected to one side of the premixing tank 2 through the first pressure reducing valve 5-1, the second pressure reducing valve 5-2 and a pipeline respectively, the precision digital pressure gauge 3-1 and the precision digital temperature gauge 4 are installed on the upper part of the flange end cover at the top end of the premixing tank 2 through a ball valve to measure the pressure and temperature of the premixed gas therein; the air and hydrogen cylinders provide a gas source for the premixing tank 2.

[0021] The water bath heating / cooling system is composed of a water bath heating / cooling circulator 1 and a water bath jacket 6; the water bath jacket 6 is provided on the premixing tank 2, and the water bath heating / cooling circulator 1 is connected to the water bath jacket 6.

[0022] The pressure acquisition system is composed of a high-frequency pressure sensor 23, a synchronous controller 35 and a program control and data acquisition system 37; the high-frequency pressure sensor 23 is installed on the upper wall of the visual flange duct 40 close to the port flange; its function is to measure the dynamic pressure value acting on the bursting disc 25 and when it ruptures.

[0023] The temperature acquisition system is composed of a high-frequency temperature thermocouple 22, a synchronous controller 35 and a program control and data acquisition system 37; the high-frequency temperature thermocouple 22 is installed on the upper wall of the visual flange conduit 40 close to the port flange, and its function is to measure the dynamic temperature value when the bursting disc 25 acts and ruptures;

[0024] The high-speed infrared acquisition system is composed of a high-speed infrared thermal imager 20, a synchronous controller 35 and a program control and data acquisition system 37, which can realize real-time acquisition and analysis of the temperature distribution and change process of the internal and external flow fields of the pressure vessel 10 during the rupture failure of the bursting disc under the action of the dynamic load of the explosion and the performance test.

[0025] The displacement strain acquisition system is composed of a high-precision displacement strain gauge 24, a synchronous controller 35 and a program control and data acquisition system 37; the high-precision displacement strain gauge 24 is attached to the inner surface of the bursting disc device, and is connected to the synchronous controller 35 through a radial opening seal lead-out wire of the clamp 41.

[0026] The image acquisition system is composed of a high-speed camera 17, a synchronous controller 35 and a program control and data acquisition system 37;

[0027] The Schlieren system is composed of a Schlieren instrument 14 , a high-speed camera 17 , a synchronous controller 35 and a program control and data acquisition system 37 .

[0028] The bursting disc device is composed of a bursting disc 25 and a holder 41. The bursting disc 25 is installed inside the holder 41 and connected and compressed and sealed with the end flange of the visualization flange guide tube 40 through the bursting disc bolt. By changing the structure, model, performance and structural parameters of the bursting disc, the support and connection of bursting discs 25 of different structures, forms, strengths and models can be achieved, thereby achieving the bursting disc rupture damage and failure performance test and detection research under different working load conditions and multiple models, multiple factors and multiple working conditions.

[0029] The parameters of the degree of damage of the bursting disc are shown in formula (3): the variation law of the bursting pressure under different dynamic conditions of the pressure increase rate and the bursting morphology and characteristics of the bursting disc are clarified. By changing the strength of the impact system, the degree of damage of the bursting disc under a certain impact force value is obtained. The functional relationship between the displacement strain of the bursting disc and the impact strength, the internal pressure of the container, the design pressure of the bursting disc, the bursting disc damage factor, the thickness of the bursting disc and the diameter of the discharge port is established, and the failure theory of the bursting disc and the prediction method of the bursting pressure are improved.

[0030] ε=f(F c ,P i ,P o ,D ,S ,η)(3)

[0031] Where: F c is the impact strength, N; P i is the internal pressure of the container, MPa; P o is the design pressure of the bursting disc, MPa; η is the damage factor of the bursting disc; S is the thickness of the bursting disc, mm; D is the diameter of the discharge port, mm; ε is the displacement strain, mm;

[0032] The method for testing the rupture failure performance of the impact-damaged bursting disc under dynamic load using the experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of the impact-damaged bursting disc has the following test steps:

[0033] (1) Instrument inspection: Check whether the experimental device is connected properly, and whether the vacuum pump 18, the first air compressor 19-1 and the second air compressor 19-2 are working properly. Start the program control and data acquisition system 37 to check whether the high-frequency pressure sensor 23, the high-frequency temperature thermocouple 22, the ignition electrode and the intelligent control valve 8 are operating normally;

[0034] (2) Adjust the image acquisition system: fix the position of the high-speed camera 17 and the infrared thermal imager 20, adjust the shooting angle, and ensure that the required image is within the shooting area. Adjust the aperture and focal length to obtain the best shooting clarity, set the shooting frame, set the acquisition parameters, and test the normal operation of the synchronization controller 35; adjust the schlieren 14 to a suitable position to realize instantaneous data acquisition of the gas flame propagation evolution process and the transient evolution process of the flow field microstructure of the visualized pressure vessel 10 after the blasting disc is damaged and exploded;

[0035] (3) Adjusting the ignition system: The ignition energy is adjusted by the adjustable high-voltage igniter 21. The high-voltage discharge is turned on and off, i.e., the ignition time and duration, through the program control and data acquisition system 37 and the synchronous controller 35, to study the influence of different ignition conditions on the dynamic characteristics of gas high-voltage discharge, and to study the experimental device and detection technology method for the rupture failure performance test of the impact-damaged bursting disc under the dynamic load under the influence of multiple parameters.

[0036] The method for testing using the experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic loads also includes the following testing steps:

[0037] (4) Configuration of premixed gas and performance test of bursting discs: ① Fill the premix tank 2 with air and hydrogen through a gas cylinder, evacuate the inside of the visual pressure vessel 10 and fill it with premixed gas to realize experimental research on the performance of bursting discs under the dynamic load of the shock wave of the combustible gas explosion. ② Control the water bath temperature inside the water bath jacket 6 through a water bath heating / cooling circulator, change the initial temperature and initial pressure of the gas inside the premix tank 2, and realize the test research on the blasting performance of the damaged bursting discs with high-pressure gas at different initial temperatures and pressures entering the visual pressure vessel 10. The initial pressure inside the visual pressure vessel 10 during detonation is regulated by the air compressor 19-1 and the vacuum pump 18.

[0038] (5) Adjusting the impact system: The initial launch pressure is regulated by the air compressor 19-2 and the internal electromagnetic valve of the high-pressure air transmitter 31. The horizontal distance between the impact system and the bursting disc is regulated by the numerical control slide 27, the stepper motor 33 and the stepper motor controller. The position of the impact head 36 impacting the bursting disc is regulated by the scissor-type manual lifting platform 32.

[0039] Specific experiments include:

[0040] a) When there is no overpressure in the container: by regulating the air pressure of the impact system, the impact intensity can be regulated to study the degree of damage to the bursting disc caused by different impact intensities, as well as the complete damage of the bursting disc.

[0041] b) When there is overpressure in the container: ① Static load: By changing the impact intensity, the bursting pressure, bursting performance and failure form of the damaged bursting disc under static load can be studied, and then the relationship between the impact intensity and the bursting pressure of the damaged bursting disc under different pressure static loads and the influence mechanism can be studied. ② Dynamic load: By changing the impact intensity, changing the degree of damage to the bursting disc, and setting different pressure increase rates inside the container, the impact on the bursting pressure and failure form of the damaged bursting disc can be studied.

[0042] (6) Adjusting the program control system: Setting the corresponding startup control program in the program control and data acquisition system 37, determining the parameter settings such as data acquisition, emission time, gas flow, ignition duration, etc.; adjusting the synchronization controller 35 to enable each system to execute synchronously.

[0043] (7) The program control and data acquisition system 37 synchronizes the controller 35 to achieve the setting of the sequence and time of impact, intake, ignition, data and image acquisition.

[0044] (8) After the experiment is completed: Use the air compressor 19-1 to purge the residual combustible gas in the visual pressure container 10. Push the firing rod 38 back into the barrel 29 and adjust the position of the impact system.

[0045] The present invention has the following technical features:

[0046] 1. To determine the impact damage degree of the in-service blasting disc caused by the impact conditions (impact strength, position, impact head shape, etc.), and to clearly visualize the corresponding relationship between the internal overpressure value of the pressure vessel 10, the external impact load, the performance parameters of the blasting disc and the deformation damage degree of the blasting disc.

[0047] 2. To achieve the damage strength, rupture form and failure process of the blasting discs damaged and failed by impact under different dynamic load boosting rates and their performance testing and detection, and to reveal the response change characteristics and influencing laws of the blasting discs damaged and failed by impact under dynamic load.

[0048] 3. Combining the transient pressure changes, flow characteristics of the flow field, temperature field distribution, and the dynamic development and evolution of the rupture failure of the impact-damaged blasting piece, the transient development and evolution of the fluid-solid coupling effect and the multi-factor influencing mechanism of the rupture process of the impact-damaged blasting piece are revealed.

[0049] 4. The damage degree and performance parameter test of the bursting disc is carried out under a certain impact intensity (adjustable impact intensity, position, impact object shape and other parameters), which can be used for testing and detecting the performance parameters of damaged bursting discs in petrochemical enterprises.

[0050] 5. Clarify the variation law of bursting pressure and the bursting morphology and characteristics of bursting discs under dynamic working conditions of different boosting rates. By changing the strength of the impact system, obtain the degree of damage to the bursting disc under a certain impact force value. Establish the functional relationship between the displacement strain of the bursting disc and the impact intensity, internal pressure of the container, design pressure of the bursting disc, damage factor of the bursting disc, thickness of the bursting disc and diameter of the discharge port, and improve the failure theory of the bursting disc and the prediction method of the bursting pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged rupture discs under dynamic loads

[0052] Figure 2 High-pressure air transmitter structure diagram

[0053] Figure 3 Relationship curve between overpressure multiple and pressure rise rate of single-piece and double-piece cracked bursting discs in dynamic bursting test

[0054] Figure 4 Dynamic explosion pressure rise process time curve

[0055] Figure 5 Curve of maximum explosion overpressure and its occurrence time changing with initial temperature

[0056] Figure 6 Changes in temperature distribution of the external flow field of a rupture disc under dynamic load

[0057] Figure 7 Flow field structure of the discharge port

[0058] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the bursting disc device structure

[0059] In the figure: 1. Water bath heating / cooling circulator, 2. Premixing tank, 3-1~3-2, precision digital pressure gauge, 4. Precision digital temperature gauge, 5-1~5-2, pressure reducing valve, 6. Water bath jacket, 7. Flow meter, 8. Intelligent control valve, 9. Electric control cabinet, 10. Visual pressure vessel, 11. Ignition electrode, 12-1~12-2, Visual window, 13. Exhaust port, 14. Schlieren instrument, 15. High-precision pressure gauge, 16. Check valve, 17. High-speed camera, 18. Vacuum pump, 19-1~19-2, air compressor, 20. High-speed infrared thermal imager, 21. Adjustable high-voltage igniter, 22. High-frequency temperature thermocouple, 23. High-frequency pressure sensor, 24. High-precision displacement strain gauge, 25. Bursting piece, 26. High-precision force sensor, 27. CNC slide, 28. Infrared laser displacement measuring device, 29. Gun barrel, 30. Nylon sealing ring, 31. High-pressure air launcher, 32. Scissor-type manual lifting platform, 33. Stepper motor, 34. Stepper motor controller, 35. Synchronous controller, 36. Impact head, 37. Program control and data acquisition system, 38. Launch rod, 39. Bracket, 40 Visual flange guide tube, 41 Clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] like Figure 1As shown, the experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged blasting discs under dynamic loads includes: a visual pressure-bearing system, an impact system, an adjustable lifting support system, an air intake rate control system, an ignition system, a high-pressure gas premixing system, a water bath heating / cooling system, a pressure acquisition system, a temperature acquisition system, a displacement strain acquisition system, a high-speed infrared acquisition system, an image acquisition system, a schlieren system, a blasting disc device, a synchronous controller, and a program control and data acquisition system.

[0062] The visualized pressure-bearing system is composed of a visualized pressure-bearing container 10, visualized windows 12-1 to 12-2, and a visualized flange conduit 40. Visual windows 12-1 are installed at the front and rear of the visualized pressure-bearing container 10, which are sealed by flanges at the top and bottom and connected to the visualized flange conduit 40 on the right side. Visual windows 12-2 are installed at the front and rear of the visualized flange conduit 40, which can realize the observation and study of the changes in the flame flow field after the bursting disc explodes. The visualized window 12-1 can realize the flow characteristics and processes of the internal explosion flow field flame and shock wave and the dynamic load impact at a high-speed pressure increase rate on the bursting disc flow field, as well as the flow characteristics and change processes of its internal flow field under different bursting disc rupture failure forms. The top flange of the visualized pressure-bearing container 10 is connected to a high-precision pressure gauge 15 through a ball valve to measure its internal pressure, and is equipped with an exhaust port 13. The bottom flange of the visualized pressure container 10 is connected to an air compressor 19-1 and a vacuum pump 18 to achieve a certain vacuum degree and overpressure inside the visualized pressure container 10, and cooperate with the exhaust port 13 to achieve the purging and replacement of the internal combustion and explosion products.

[0063] The impact system is composed of an impact head 36, a high-precision force sensor 26, a firing rod 38, an infrared laser displacement meter 28, a gun barrel 29, a high-pressure air transmitter 31, a precision digital pressure gauge 3-2, an air compressor 19-2, a synchronous controller 35, and a program control and data acquisition system 37. A firing rod 38 is installed inside the gun barrel 29, and the impact head 36 is arranged outside the gun barrel 29. The impact head 36 is connected to one end of the firing rod 38, and the other ends of the gun barrel 29 and the firing rod 38 are connected to the high-pressure air transmitter 31; a high-precision force sensor 26 is arranged on the impact head 36, and an infrared laser displacement meter 28 is arranged on the gun barrel 29; its function is to launch an impact object with a determined impact energy (impact intensity) to impact the bursting disc 25 to cause damage and failure. The launch pressure of the impact system is determined by the precision digital pressure gauge 3-2. When the set pressure value is reached, the air compressor 19-2 and the solenoid valve connected thereto are closed. At the same time, the electromagnetic valve connected to the barrel 29 is controlled by the synchronous controller 35 and the program control and data acquisition system 37 to realize the firing of the firing rod 38 and the impact head 36. The air compressor 19-2 provides an air source for the high-pressure air storage chamber inside the impact system. The barrel 29 is provided with holes to realize the discharge of compressed gas after the firing rod 38 is fired. Two closed gas ring grooves are processed on the firing rod 38, and nylon sealing rings 30 are installed in the closed gas ring grooves. The nylon sealing ring 30 can achieve: 1. The sealing effect between the firing rod 38 and the barrel 29; 2. The sealing ring made of nylon can reduce the friction between the firing rod 38 and the barrel 29, so that the firing rod can accelerate faster. The high-precision force sensor 26, the impact head 36 and the firing rod 38 are connected by bolts, and the high-precision force sensor 26 can realize the real-time detection of the instantaneous force value of the impact. The infrared laser displacement meter 28 is installed on the barrel 29 to determine the distance and position of the impact. When there is no overpressure in the container: by regulating the air pressure of the impact system, the impact intensity is regulated, and the degree of damage to the bursting disc caused by different impact intensities is studied, as well as the complete damage to the bursting disc. When there is overpressure in the container: ① Static load: by changing the impact intensity, the bursting pressure, bursting performance and failure form of the damaged bursting disc under static load are studied, and then the relationship between the impact intensity and the bursting pressure of the damaged bursting disc under different pressure static loads and the influence mechanism are studied. ② Dynamic load: by changing the impact intensity, the degree of damage to the bursting disc is changed, and by setting different pressure increase rates inside the container, the influence of the bursting pressure and failure form of the damaged bursting disc can be studied.

[0064] The shell of the high-pressure air transmitter 31 is made of stainless steel, and its internal structure is a top-mounted program controller 31-4, which is equipped with two solenoid valves 31-1 and 31-2 and a high-pressure air storage chamber 31-3. The program controller 31-4 is connected to the synchronous controller 35 to control the opening and closing of the two solenoid valves 31-1 and 31-2. Figure 2 shown.

[0065] In the experimental study of the blasting performance and influencing factors of metal bursting discs, it is known that the reverse arch bursting disc is formed by a quasi-spherical crown after large plastic deformation, and its instability pressure is related to the tensile strength of the material. Based on a large number of finite element analysis and test results, taking into account factors such as material strength, spherical crown height, discharge diameter and diaphragm thickness, the calculation formula for its instability pressure is obtained (1):

[0066] (1)

[0067] Where K is a coefficient related to the material; H is the arch height, mm; D is the diameter, mm; S is the thickness of the rupture disc shell, mm; σ is the tensile strength limit of the material, MPa. Relevant experiments have found that the instability load of the rupture disc shell is closely related to the tensile strength limit of the material. As long as the properties of the material are known, its instability pressure can be easily predicted.

[0068] The adjustable lifting support system is composed of a scissor-type manual lifting platform 32, a stepper motor 33, a stepper motor controller 34, and a numerical control slide 27. The numerical control slide 27 is provided with a scissor-type manual lifting platform 32, and the right end of the numerical control slide 27 is provided with a stepper motor 33, and the stepper motor controller 34 is connected to the stepper motor 33. The horizontal distance control of the impact position of the impact system can be achieved through the regulation of the stepper motor 33 and the stepper motor controller 34; the height control of the impact position of the impact system can be achieved through the scissor-type manual lifting platform 32; the distance and position of the impact are determined by the infrared laser displacement measuring device 28.

[0069] The air intake rate control system is composed of a flow meter 7, an intelligent control valve 8, and an electric control cabinet 9. A flow meter 7 and an intelligent control valve 8 are arranged on the connecting pipe between the premixing tank 2 and the visual pressure container 10; the electric control cabinet 9 is connected to the flow meter 7 and the intelligent control valve 8 respectively, and the intelligent control valve 8 is then connected to the program control and data acquisition system 37 through the synchronous controller 35. The pipeline is connected to the left wall of the visual pressure container 10 through a one-way valve 16. Its function is to control the pressure increase rate inside the visual pressure container 10 by regulating the flow rate and air intake rate of the high-pressure gas. Specifically, the flow meter 7 is connected to the premixing tank 2 through a ball valve to measure the high-pressure air intake rate flow rate. The intelligent control valve is regulated by the electric control cabinet 9 to change the air intake rate and the pressure increase rate inside the visual pressure container 10. The one-way valve 16 prevents the reverse propagation of overpressure and flame inside the visual pressure container 10. The pressure increase rate inside the container can significantly affect the rupture process of the bursting disc. By adjusting the air intake rate, the influence of dynamic load bursting disc damage on the bursting pressure and bursting performance can be studied under different impact intensity conditions. Figure 3 , Figure 4shown.

[0070] Figure 4 This is the pressure-time curve collected in a certain experiment. Point A in the figure is the starting point of the ignition moment; after that, the slope of the pressure-time curve gradually increases, and after reaching a certain value, it no longer increases. Figure 4 The curve between point B and point C with maximum pressure is approximately a straight line, that is, the time period when the pressure increase rate is the largest and remains constant, t B ,t C The BC segment with a stable boost rate is regarded as the dynamic boost stage, and point B is the starting point of the dynamic boost stage, which is recorded as P B Point C is the end point of the dynamic pressure increase stage. The pressure value at point C is the actual dynamic bursting pressure of the bursting disc in the dynamic bursting test, which is recorded as P C .

[0071] The pressure increase rate of dynamic explosion is calculated by the following formula (2):

[0072] (2)

[0073] The ignition system shown is composed of an ignition electrode 11, an adjustable high-voltage igniter 21, a synchronous controller 35 and a program control and data acquisition system 37. The ignition electrode 11 is installed at the center of the bottom flange of the visual pressure vessel 10 through a threaded connection, and the high-voltage discharge ignition is realized at the center of the visual pressure vessel 10 by changing the length of the electrode wire to ignite the premixed gas. At the same time, the ignition energy can significantly affect the explosion intensity, such as Figure 5 As shown, the dynamic load intensity acting on the explosive piece is affected. The ignition electrode 11 is connected to the adjustable high-voltage igniter 21 and is connected to the program control and data acquisition system 37 through the synchronous controller 35. The ignition energy is regulated by the adjustable high-voltage igniter 21 and the ignition moment and time are regulated by the program control and data acquisition system 37.

[0074] The high-pressure gas premixing system consists of a premixing tank 2, a precision digital pressure gauge 3-1, a precision digital temperature gauge 4, pressure reducing valves 5-1 and 5-2, and air and hydrogen cylinders. The air cylinder and the hydrogen cylinder are connected to one side of the premixing tank 2 through the pressure reducing valve 5-1, the pressure reducing valve 5-2 and the pipeline respectively, and their function is to provide high-pressure gas and different concentrations of premixed gas configuration (hydrogen and air) inside the visual pressure container 10. The precision digital pressure gauge 3-1 and the precision digital temperature gauge 4 are installed on the upper part of the top flange end cover of the premixing tank 2 through a ball valve to measure the pressure and temperature of the premixed gas inside it. The air and hydrogen cylinders provide gas source for the premixing tank 2. Through the high-pressure gas premixing system, the bursting pressure of the bursting disc damaged by impact under static load and the bursting pressure of the damaged bursting disc under dynamic load can be studied.

[0075] The water bath heating / cooling system is composed of a water bath heating / cooling circulator 1 and a water bath jacket 6. Its function is to heat and cool the initial temperature of the premixed gas inside the premixing tank 2. Specifically, the water bath heating / cooling circulator 1 regulates the heating / cooling of the circulating water medium inside the water bath jacket 6 and determines the specific temperature, and heats / cools the initial temperature of the premixed gas inside the premixing tank 2 through convection and heat transfer. By changing the medium temperature, the influence of temperature difference on the bursting pressure, bursting performance and failure form of the damaged bursting disc is studied. The initial temperature has a significant effect on the gas explosion pressure, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the gas explosion intensity is changed by changing the initial temperature of the gas, thereby affecting the dynamic load intensity acting on the bursting disc.

[0076] The pressure acquisition system is composed of a high-frequency pressure sensor 23, a synchronous controller 35 and a program control and data acquisition system 37. The high-frequency pressure sensor 23 is installed on the upper wall of the visual flange conduit 40 close to the port flange, and its function is to measure the dynamic pressure value acting on the bursting disc 25 and ruptured.

[0077] The temperature acquisition system is composed of a high-frequency temperature thermocouple 22, a synchronous controller 35, and a program control and data acquisition system 37. The high-frequency temperature thermocouple 22 is installed on the upper wall of the visual flange duct 40 close to the port flange, and its function is to measure the dynamic temperature value acting on the bursting disc 25 and when it ruptures. At the same time, the high-speed infrared acquisition system is composed of a high-speed infrared thermal imager 20, a synchronous controller 35, and a program control and data acquisition system 37, which can realize the real-time acquisition and analysis of the temperature distribution and change process of the internal and external flow field of the visual pressure vessel 10 during the bursting disc rupture failure and performance test under the action of the dynamic load of the explosion. Figure 6 shown.

[0078] The displacement strain acquisition system is composed of a high-precision displacement strain gauge 24, a synchronous controller 35, and a program control and data acquisition system 37. The high-precision displacement strain gauge 24 is attached to the inner surface of the bursting disc device, and is connected to the synchronous controller 35 through a radial opening seal lead-out wire of the clamp 41. Its function is to measure the local displacement deformation degree of the bursting disc under the impact of the dynamic load of the impact system, including the local displacement deformation degree caused by external impact under no pressure or different pressure conditions inside the visualized pressure container 10, and the local displacement deformation process and degree of the bursting discs with different impact damage under different pressure increase rates and explosion loads inside the visualized pressure container 10.

[0079] The image acquisition system is composed of a high-speed camera 17, a synchronous controller 35 and a program control and data acquisition system 37. Its function is to realize real-time acquisition and capture of the transient change development process of the rupture failure of the bursting disc under the action of the dynamic load of the explosion, determine the time correspondence between the moment of rupture failure of the bursting disc and the pressure value collected by the high-frequency pressure sensor, and clarify the corresponding dynamic load pressure at the moment of rupture of the damaged bursting disc under impacts of different intensities, shapes, positions, etc. At the same time, determine the pressure values ​​corresponding to the rupture failure of different damaged bursting discs under the action of the explosion shock wave load.

[0080] The schlieren system is composed of a schlieren instrument 14, a high-speed camera 17, a synchronous controller 35 and a program control and data acquisition system 37. Its function is to record and capture the evolution of the microscopic flow field structure during the process of the explosion shock wave inside the pressure vessel 10 acting on the explosive disk device 25, as well as the rupture process of the explosive disks with different degrees of damage caused by the impact of different impact heads, the flow and transformation evolution of the microscopic flow field caused by the fluid-solid coupling effect due to the unsteady fluid flow, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0081] The bursting disc device is composed of a bursting disc 25 and a holder 41. Figure 8 As shown. The bursting disc 25 is installed inside the holder 41 and connected and compressed and sealed with the end flange of the visual flange guide tube 40 by bolts. By changing the structure, model, performance and structural parameters of the bursting disc, the support and connection of bursting discs 25 of different structures, forms, strengths and models can be achieved, thereby realizing the rupture damage and failure performance testing and detection research of bursting discs under different working loads, multiple models, multiple factors and multiple working conditions.

[0082] The synchronous controller 35 is used in conjunction with the program control and data acquisition system 37 to achieve the setting of the sequence and time of collision, air intake, ignition, data and image acquisition by writing a control program.

[0083] This paper obtains the corresponding bursting disc damage degree parameters through the above experiments, and obtains the degree of loss of the bursting disc under a certain impact force value by changing the strength of the impact system. The functional relationship between the bursting disc displacement strain and the impact strength, the internal pressure of the container, the bursting disc design pressure, the bursting disc damage factor, the bursting disc thickness and the discharge port diameter is established, as shown in formula (3):

[0084] ε=f(F c ,P i ,P o ,D ,S ,η) (3);

[0085] Where: F c is the impact strength, N; P i is the internal pressure of the container, MPa; Po is the design pressure of the bursting disc, MPa; η is the damage factor of the bursting disc; S is the thickness of the bursting disc, mm; D is the diameter of the discharge port, mm; ε is the displacement strain, mm.

[0086] An experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic loads and the detection technology experiment and test technology process:

[0087] (1) Instrument inspection: Check whether the experimental device is connected properly, and whether the vacuum pump 18 and air compressors 19-1~19-2 are working properly. Start the program control and data acquisition system 37 to check whether the high-frequency pressure sensor 23, high-frequency temperature thermocouple 22, ignition electrode, and intelligent control valve 8 are operating normally.

[0088] (2) Adjust the image acquisition system: fix the position of the high-speed camera 17 and the infrared thermal imager 20, adjust the shooting angle, and ensure that the required image is within the shooting area. Adjust the aperture and focal length to obtain the best shooting clarity, set the shooting frame, set the acquisition parameters, and test the normal operation of the synchronization controller 35; adjust the schlieren 14 to a suitable position to realize the instantaneous data acquisition of the gas flame propagation evolution process and the transient evolution process of the flow field microstructure of the visualized pressure vessel 10 after the blasting disc is damaged and exploded.

[0089] (3) Adjusting the ignition system: The ignition energy is adjusted by the adjustable high-voltage igniter 21. The high-voltage discharge is turned on and off (i.e., the ignition time and duration) through the program control and data acquisition system 37 and the synchronous controller 35, and the influence of different ignition conditions on the dynamic characteristics of gas high-voltage discharge is studied, and the rupture failure performance test device and detection technology method of the impact-damaged bursting disc under the dynamic load under the influence of multiple parameters are studied.

[0090] (4) Configuration of premixed gas and performance test of bursting discs: ① Fill the premix tank 2 with air and hydrogen through a gas cylinder, evacuate the interior of the visual pressure vessel 10 and fill the premixed gas into it, so as to realize the experimental study on the performance of bursting discs under the dynamic load of the shock wave of the combustible gas explosion. ② Control the water bath temperature inside the water bath jacket 6 through a water bath heating / cooling circulator, change the initial temperature and initial pressure of the gas inside the premix tank 2, and realize the test study on the blasting performance of the damaged bursting discs with high pressure gas at different initial temperatures and pressures entering the visual pressure vessel 10. The initial pressure (vacuum degree) inside the visual pressure vessel 10 during detonation is regulated by the air compressor 19-1 and the vacuum pump 18.

[0091] (5) Adjusting the impact system: The initial launch pressure (impact strength) is adjusted by the air compressor 19-2 and the internal electromagnetic valve of the high-pressure air transmitter 31. The horizontal distance between the impact system and the bursting disc is adjusted by the CNC slide 27, the stepper motor 33 and the stepper motor controller. The position where the impact head 36 impacts the bursting disc is adjusted by the scissor-type manual lifting platform 32.

[0092] Specific experiments include:

[0093] a) When there is no overpressure in the container: by regulating the air pressure of the impact system, the impact intensity can be regulated to study the degree of damage to the bursting disc caused by different impact intensities, as well as the complete damage of the bursting disc.

[0094] b) When there is overpressure in the container: ① Static load: By changing the impact intensity, the bursting pressure, bursting performance and failure form of the damaged bursting disc under static load can be studied, and then the relationship between the impact intensity and the bursting pressure of the damaged bursting disc under different pressure static loads and the influence mechanism can be studied. ② Dynamic load: By changing the impact intensity, changing the degree of damage to the bursting disc, and setting different pressure increase rates inside the container, the impact on the bursting pressure and failure form of the damaged bursting disc can be studied.

[0095] (6) Adjusting the program control system: Setting the corresponding startup control program in the program control and data acquisition system 37, determining the parameter settings such as data acquisition, emission time, gas flow, ignition duration, etc.; adjusting the synchronization controller 35 to enable each system to execute synchronously.

[0096] (7) The program control and data acquisition system 37 synchronizes the controller 35 to achieve the setting of the sequence and time of impact, intake, ignition, data and image acquisition.

[0097] (8) After the experiment is completed: Use the air compressor 19-1 to purge the residual combustible gas in the visual pressure container 10. Push the firing rod 38 back into the barrel 29 and adjust the position of the impact system.

[0098] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0099] (1) The present invention can determine the damage strength of a blasting disc in service under impact strength, as well as the blasting performance, blasting pressure and different failure modes of the blasting disc, and reveal the corresponding relationship between the internal overpressure value of the container, the external impact load, the performance parameters of the blasting disc and the degree of deformation and damage of the blasting disc.

[0100] (2) The present invention can realize the damage strength, rupture form and failure process of the blasting discs damaged by impact under different dynamic load boosting rates and their performance testing and detection, reveal the response change characteristics and influencing laws of the damage and failure of the blasting discs caused by impact under the action of dynamic loads, and the influence mechanism of multiple factors on the failure form of the damaged blasting discs.

[0101] (3) The present invention is able to combine transient pressure changes, flow field flow characteristics, temperature field distribution, and the dynamic development and evolution of rupture failure of impact-damaged blasting discs, revealing the transient development and evolution of fluid-solid coupling during the rupture of impact-damaged blasting discs and the multi-factor influencing mechanism.

[0102] (4) The present invention can test and detect the degree of damage and performance parameters of bursting discs under a certain impact intensity (adjustable impact intensity, position, impact object shape and other parameters) and under the influence of multiple factors, and can be used in petrochemical enterprises to test the performance parameters of damaged bursting discs and detect products.

[0103] (5) Compared with traditional experimental devices, the present invention has the characteristics of novel design scheme and rich experimental content, namely, multiple variable parameters, good visualization effect, and intuitive display of experimental results. It can be used for testing and detecting the performance parameters of damaged rupture discs in petrochemical enterprises.

[0104] (6) The present invention has a reasonable structure, stable performance, and is easy to operate, making it convenient to carry out blasting performance testing and inspection of bursting disc devices with different mechanical damages on explosion-related containers of industrial and trade enterprises, as well as research on influencing factors and influencing mechanisms.

Claims

1. Experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic load, characterized in that: include: Visual pressure bearing system, impact system, adjustable lifting support system, air intake rate control system, ignition system, high-pressure gas premixing system, water bath heating / cooling system, pressure acquisition system, temperature acquisition system, displacement strain acquisition system, high-speed infrared acquisition system, image acquisition system, Schlieren system, bursting disc device, synchronous controller, program control and data acquisition system; The program control and data acquisition system is combined with a synchronous controller, and is respectively connected with the impact system, the air intake rate control system, the ignition system, the pressure acquisition system, the temperature acquisition system, the displacement strain acquisition system, the high-speed infrared acquisition system, the image acquisition system, and the Schlieren system; The visualized pressure-bearing system comprises a visualized pressure-bearing container (10), a first visualized window (12-1), a second visualized window (12-2), and a visualized flange conduit (40); the first visualized window (12-1) is installed at the front and rear of the visualized pressure-bearing container (10), and is sealed at the top and bottom by flanges, and its right wall is connected to the visualized flange conduit (40); the second visualized window (12-2) is installed at the front and rear of the visualized flange conduit (40) to realize observation and research on the change of the flame flow field after the bursting disc explodes; the first visualized window (12-1) realizes observation and research on the flow characteristics and process of the bursting disc flow field under the action of the internal explosion flow field flame and shock wave and the dynamic load impact at a high-speed pressure increase rate, as well as the flow characteristics and change process of the internal flow field under different bursting disc rupture failure forms; The top flange of the visual pressure-bearing container (10) is connected to a high-precision pressure gauge (15) through a ball valve to measure the internal pressure thereof, and is provided with an exhaust port (13); the bottom flange of the visual pressure-bearing container (10) is connected to a first air compressor (19-1) and a vacuum pump (18) to achieve a determined vacuum degree and overpressure inside the visual pressure-bearing container (10), and cooperates with the exhaust port (13) to achieve the purge and replacement of the internal combustion and explosion products thereof; The impact system comprises an impact head (36), a high-precision force sensor (26), a firing rod (38), an infrared laser displacement measuring device (28), a gun barrel (29), a high-pressure air transmitter (31), a second precision digital pressure gauge (3-2), a second air compressor (19-2), a synchronous controller (35), and a program control and data acquisition system (37); wherein: a firing rod (38) is installed inside the gun barrel (29), the impact head (36) is arranged outside the gun barrel (29), the impact head (36) is connected to one end of the firing rod (38), and the other ends of the gun barrel (29) and the firing rod (38) are connected to the high-pressure air transmitter (31); the impact head (36) is provided with a high-precision force sensor (26), and the gun barrel (29) is provided with an infrared laser displacement measuring device (28); The impact system has the function of launching an impact object with a certain impact energy to impact the bursting disc (25) to cause damage and failure; the launch pressure of the impact system is determined by a second precision digital pressure gauge (3-2); when the set pressure value is reached, the second air compressor (19-2) and the electromagnetic valve connected thereto are closed; at the same time, the electromagnetic valve connected to the gun barrel (29) is controlled by a synchronous controller (35) and a program control and data acquisition system (37) to realize the launch of the launch rod (38) and the impact head (36); the second air compressor (19-2) is the impact system The internal high-pressure gas storage chamber of the system provides a gas source; a hole is opened on the gun barrel (29) to realize the discharge of compressed gas after the firing rod (38) is fired; two closed gas ring grooves are processed on the firing rod (38), and nylon sealing rings (30) are installed in the closed gas ring grooves; the high-precision force sensor (26), the impact head (36) and the firing rod (38) are connected by bolts, and the high-precision force sensor (26) can realize real-time detection of the instantaneous force value of the impact; the infrared laser displacement measuring device (28) is installed on the gun barrel (29) to determine the distance and position of the impact; The high-pressure air transmitter (31) has a housing made of stainless steel, and its internal structure is a top-mounted program controller (31-4), in which two solenoid valves and a high-pressure air storage chamber (31-3) are installed, and the program controller (31-4) is connected to a synchronous controller (35) to control the opening and closing of the two solenoid valves; The formula for calculating the instability pressure is as follows: ； Where K is a coefficient related to the material; H is the arch height, mm; D is the diameter, mm; S is the thickness of the bursting disc shell, mm; σ is the tensile strength limit of the material, MPa; The adjustable lifting support system is composed of a scissor-type manual lifting platform (32), a stepper motor (33), a stepper motor controller (34), and a numerical control slide plate (27). The numerical control slide plate (27) is provided with a scissor-type manual lifting platform (32), a stepper motor (33) is provided on the right side of the numerical control slide plate (27), and the stepper motor controller (34) is connected to the stepper motor (33); the horizontal distance of the impact position of the impact system is regulated by regulating the stepper motor (33) and the stepper motor controller (34); the height of the impact position of the impact system is regulated by the scissor-type manual lifting platform (32); and the impact distance and position are determined in combination with an infrared laser displacement measuring device (28); The air intake rate control system is composed of a flow meter (7), an intelligent control valve (8), and an electric control cabinet (9); the flow meter (7) and the intelligent control valve (8) are arranged on the connecting pipeline between the premixing tank (2) and the visual pressure-bearing container (10); the electric control cabinet (9) is connected to the flow meter (7) and the intelligent control valve (8), respectively, and the intelligent control valve (8) is connected to the program control and data acquisition system (37) through a synchronous controller (35); the pipeline is connected to the left wall of the visual pressure-bearing container (10) through a one-way valve (16); its function is to control the flow rate and air intake rate of the high-pressure gas and thus control the visible pressure-bearing container (10). The pressure rise rate inside the visualized pressure container (10); specifically, the flow meter (7) is connected to the premixing tank (2) through a ball valve to measure the high-pressure air intake rate flow; the intelligent control valve is regulated by the electric control cabinet (9) to change the air intake rate and the pressure rise rate inside the visualized pressure container (10); the one-way valve (16) prevents the reverse propagation of overpressure and flame inside the visualized pressure container (10); the pressure rise rate inside the container can significantly affect the rupture process of the bursting disc, and by adjusting the air intake rate, the influence of the dynamic load bursting disc after damage and the bursting performance can be studied under different impact intensity conditions: For the collected pressure-time curve, after the starting point of the ignition moment, the slope of the pressure-time curve gradually increases until it stops increasing and has a stable pressure increase rate. The line segment with a stable pressure increase rate is recorded as the BC segment as the dynamic pressure increase stage; the curve between point B and point C with the maximum pressure is approximately a straight line, which is the time period when the pressure increase rate is the largest and remains unchanged; t B and t C It is the starting time and the end time of the dynamic boost phase; Point B is the starting point of the dynamic boost phase, denoted as P B , point C is the end point of the dynamic boost phase, denoted as P C ; The pressure increase rate of dynamic explosion is calculated by the following formula: ； The bursting disc device is composed of a bursting disc (25) and a holder (41), wherein the bursting disc (25) is installed inside the holder (41) and connected and compressed and sealed to the end flange of the visualization flange guide tube (40) through the bursting disc bolt; by changing the structure, model, and performance structural parameters of the bursting disc, the support and connection of bursting discs (25) of different structures, forms, strengths, and models can be achieved, thereby achieving bursting disc rupture damage and failure performance testing and detection research under multiple models, multiple factors, and multiple working conditions under different working loads; The bursting disc damage degree parameter is as follows: ε0f(F c ,P i ,P o ,D ,S ,η)! Where: F c is the impact strength, N; P i is the internal pressure of the container, MPa; P o is the design pressure of the bursting disc, MPa; η is the damage factor of the bursting disc; S is the thickness of the bursting disc, mm; D is the diameter of the discharge port, mm; ε is the displacement strain, mm; Clarify the variation law of bursting pressure and the bursting morphology and characteristics of bursting discs under dynamic working conditions of different boosting rates; obtain the degree of damage of bursting discs under a certain impact force value by changing the strength of the impact system; establish the functional relationship between the displacement strain of bursting discs and impact intensity, internal pressure of container, design pressure of bursting discs, bursting disc damage factor, bursting disc thickness and discharge port diameter; and improve the failure theory of bursting discs and the prediction method of bursting pressure.

2. The experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ignition system comprises an ignition electrode (11), an adjustable high-voltage igniter (21), a synchronous controller (35) and a program control and data acquisition system (37); the ignition electrode (11) is installed at the center of the bottom flange of the visual pressure vessel (10) through a threaded connection, the ignition electrode (11) is connected to the adjustable high-voltage igniter (21), and is connected to the program control and data acquisition system (37) through the synchronous controller (35); the ignition energy is regulated by the adjustable high-voltage igniter (21), and the ignition moment and time are regulated by the program control and data acquisition system (37).

3. The experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic load according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-pressure gas premixing system comprises a premixing tank (2), a first precision digital pressure gauge (3-1), a precision digital temperature gauge (4), a first pressure reducing valve (5-1), a second pressure reducing valve (5-2), and air and hydrogen gas cylinders; the air gas cylinder and the hydrogen gas cylinder are respectively connected to one side of the premixing tank (2) through the first pressure reducing valve (5-1), the second pressure reducing valve (5-2) and a pipeline; the first precision digital pressure gauge (3-1) and the precision digital temperature gauge (4) are installed on the upper part of the top flange end cover of the premixing tank (2) through a ball valve to measure the pressure and temperature of the premixed gas therein; the air and hydrogen gas cylinders provide a gas source for the premixing tank (2).

4. The experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water bath heating / cooling system is composed of a water bath heating / cooling circulator (1) and a water bath jacket (6). The premixing tank (2) is provided with a water bath jacket (6), and the water bath heating / cooling circulator (1) is connected to the water bath jacket (6).

5. The experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure acquisition system is composed of a high-frequency pressure sensor (23), a synchronous controller (35) and a program control and data acquisition system (37); the high-frequency pressure sensor (23) is installed on the upper wall surface of the visual flange conduit (40) close to the port flange, and its function is to measure the dynamic pressure value acting on the bursting disc (25) and when it ruptures.

6. The experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature acquisition system is composed of a high-frequency temperature thermocouple (22), a synchronous controller (35) and a program control and data acquisition system (37); the high-frequency temperature thermocouple (22) is installed on the upper end wall of the visual flange conduit (40) close to the port flange, and its function is to measure the dynamic temperature value when the bursting disc (25) acts and ruptures; The high-speed infrared acquisition system is composed of a high-speed infrared thermal imager (20), a synchronous controller (35) and a program control and data acquisition system (37), and realizes real-time acquisition and analysis of the temperature distribution and change process of the internal and external flow fields of the visual pressure container (10) during the rupture failure of the bursting disc under the action of explosive dynamic load and the performance test.

7. The experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement strain acquisition system is composed of a high-precision displacement strain gauge (24), a synchronous controller (35) and a program control and data acquisition system (37); the high-precision displacement strain gauge (24) is attached to the inner surface of the bursting disc device and is connected to the synchronous controller (35) through a radial opening seal lead-out wire of a clamp (41).

8. The experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic load according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The image acquisition system is composed of a high-speed camera (17), a synchronous controller (35) and a program control and data acquisition system (37); The schlieren system consists of a schlieren instrument (14), a high-speed camera (17), a synchronous controller (35) and a program control and data acquisition system (37).

9. A method for testing using the experimental device for testing the rupture failure performance of impact-damaged bursting discs under dynamic loads as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The test steps are as follows: Step 1, instrument inspection: Check whether the experimental device is connected properly, and whether the vacuum pump (18), the first air compressor (19-1) and the second air compressor (19-2) are working properly; start the program control and data acquisition system (37) to check whether the high-frequency pressure sensor (23), the high-frequency temperature thermocouple (22), the ignition electrode and the intelligent control valve (8) are operating normally; Step 2, adjusting the image acquisition system: fixing the positions of the high-speed camera (17) and the infrared thermal imager (20), adjusting the shooting angle, and ensuring that the desired image is within the shooting area; obtaining the best shooting clarity by adjusting the aperture and focal length, setting the shooting frame, setting the acquisition parameters, and testing the normal operation of the synchronization controller (35); adjusting the schlieren instrument (14) to a suitable position, and realizing instantaneous data acquisition of the gas flame propagation evolution process and the transient evolution process of the flow field microstructure of the visualized pressure vessel (10) after the blasting disc is damaged and blasted; Step 3, adjusting the ignition system: adjusting the ignition energy through the adjustable high-voltage igniter (21), realizing the opening and closing of the high-voltage discharge, i.e. the ignition time and duration, through the program control and data acquisition system (37) and the synchronous controller (35), realizing the study of the influence of different ignition conditions on the dynamic characteristics of gas high-voltage discharge, realizing the study of the experimental device and detection technology method for the rupture failure performance test of the impact-damaged bursting piece under the dynamic load under the influence of multiple parameters.

10. The method for testing the rupture failure performance test device of the impact-damaged bursting disc under dynamic load according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The testing steps also include: Step 4, configuration of premixed gas and test of bursting disc performance: ① Fill the premixing tank (2) with air and hydrogen through a gas cylinder, evacuate the interior of the visual pressure container (10) and fill the premixed gas therein, so as to realize experimental research on the performance of bursting discs under the dynamic load of the shock wave of the explosion of the combustible gas; ② Control the water bath temperature inside the water bath jacket (6) through a water bath heating / cooling circulator, change the initial temperature and initial pressure of the gas inside the premixing tank (2), and realize the test research on the blasting performance of the damaged bursting discs by high-pressure gas with different initial temperatures and pressures entering the visual pressure container (10); and adjust the initial pressure inside the visual pressure container (10) during detonation through the first air compressor (19-1) and the vacuum pump (18); Step 5, adjusting the impact system: adjusting the initial launch pressure through the second air compressor (19-2) and the internal electromagnetic valve of the high-pressure air transmitter (31); adjusting the horizontal distance between the impact system and the bursting disc through the numerical control slide (27), the stepper motor (33) and the stepper motor controller; and adjusting the position of the impact head (36) impacting the bursting disc through the scissor-type manual lifting platform (32); Specific experiments include: a. When there is no overpressure in the container: by regulating the air pressure of the impact system, the impact intensity can be regulated to study the degree of damage to the bursting disc caused by different impact intensities, as well as the complete damage of the bursting disc; b. When there is overpressure in the container: ① Static load: By changing the impact intensity, the bursting pressure, bursting performance and failure form of the damaged bursting disc under static load can be studied, and then the relationship between the impact intensity and the bursting pressure of the damaged bursting disc under different pressure static loads and the influence mechanism can be studied; ② Dynamic load: By changing the impact intensity, changing the degree of damage to the bursting disc, and setting different pressure increase rates inside the container, the impact on the bursting pressure and failure form of the damaged bursting disc can be studied; Step 6: Adjust the program control system: set the corresponding start-up control program in the program control and data acquisition system (37), determine the data acquisition, emission time, gas flow rate, ignition duration parameter settings; adjust the synchronization controller (35) to synchronize the execution of each system; Step 7: Synchronize the controller (35) with the program control and data acquisition system (37) to set the sequence and time of impact, air intake, ignition, data and image acquisition; Step 8: After the experiment is completed: use the first air compressor (19-1) to purge the residual combustible gas in the visual pressure container (10); push the firing rod (38) back into the gun barrel (29) and adjust the position of the impact system.

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