An actively cooled combined pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine

Abstract

The application discloses an active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine, which comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a sensor assembly, a main control circuit board, a heat insulation layer, a heat insulation sleeve, fasteners and an electric connector; the two cover plates adopt a special-shaped structure matched with the profile of the engine, the two cover plates are locked through the fasteners, and the closed inner cavity formed by the two cover plates is filled with the heat insulation layer; a plurality of hole positions are formed in the upper cover plate to install the sensor assembly and the electric connector; the inner side of the lower cover plate is provided with a concave cavity, the main control circuit board is installed in the concave cavity through the fasteners, and the heat insulation sleeve is arranged between the main control circuit board and the lower cover plate; the inside of the lower cover plate is provided with a hollow flow channel, and the two ends of the hollow flow channel are provided with cooling medium interfaces to access flowing liquid cooling medium to cool the whole structure; and the sensor assembly and the electric connector are connected with the main control circuit board through cables. The application has the characteristics of multiple measurement channels, high measurement precision and active cooling function, and meets the use requirements of the scramjet engine in a severe thermal environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of parameter measurement of a scramjet engine in an aerospace vehicle, and particularly relates to an active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The scramjet engine works at a high Mach number, and its thermal environment is harsh. In order to ensure that the engine and its equipment can work reliably for a long time, an efficient active cooling method is needed. When the engine is working, the fuel can be used as a coolant to perform convective cooling on the engine and its electronic equipment.

[0003] An active cooling thermal protection system is an effective thermal protection system, and hydrocarbon fuel can be used as a coolant in the active cooling channel. In hypersonic flight, a smaller vehicle mass has great advantages from the perspective of vehicle design. In order to enable the hypersonic vehicle to obtain a faster flight speed and travel a longer distance, strict requirements are placed on the mass of the vehicle. In the design of the vehicle, the vehicle mass is kept as small as possible under the premise of meeting the performance requirements, so as to achieve high flight efficiency.

[0004] In recent years, the flow and heat transfer characteristics of hydrocarbon fuel as a coolant in the cooling channel have become a research hotspot. The active cooling scramjet engine is a kind of engine in which fluid fuel first passes through the cooling channel of the engine combustion chamber wall, carries part of the heat of the combustion chamber wall, and cools the combustion chamber wall. At the same time, the temperature and pressure of the fuel are increased, and with the increase of the absorbed heat, the fuel state can change from liquid to high-temperature liquid, supercritical state, and cracking state in sequence. After the fuel flows out of the cooling channel, it is injected into the combustion chamber to make the combustion chamber burn. The heat absorbed by the fuel is also taken into the combustion chamber, so there is no heat loss, and the change of the fuel state can improve the fuel combustion performance. Therefore, the active cooling scramjet engine has become the main form of the scramjet engine.

[0005] In recent years, with the development of the active cooling scramjet engine towards practicality, smooth and stable starting of the active cooling scramjet engine has become a goal that must be achieved. Endothermic hydrocarbon fuel has the advantages of being a liquid at room temperature, easy to store, easy to operate, and environmentally friendly, and is used as a coolant to cool the engine wall, and is applied to the scramjet engine with a flight Mach number of less than 8. At the same time, the pressure scanning valve has the advantages of digitization, intelligence, compact structure, multiple measurement channels, and good precision stability, and has been widely used in the field of pressure measurement in the aerospace field. How to reasonably and reliably apply the pressure scanning valve to the engine / vehicle parameter measurement in the harsh thermal environment of the scramjet engine has become one of the important problems that need to be solved in this technical field. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide an active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine, which has a compact structure, a large number of measurement channels, high measurement accuracy and an active cooling function.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] An active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine, comprising: an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a sensor assembly, a main control circuit board, a thermal insulation layer, a thermal insulation sleeve, fasteners and an electrical connector; the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate adopt a special-shaped structure matching the internal structure profile of the engine, the upper cover plate is locked with the lower cover plate by the fasteners, and the closed inner cavity formed by the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate is filled with the thermal insulation layer; the upper cover plate is provided with a plurality of hole positions for mounting the sensor assembly and the electrical connector; the inner side of the lower cover plate is provided with a recess, the main control circuit board is installed in the recess by the fasteners, a thermal insulation sleeve is arranged between the main control circuit board and the fasteners, and the inside of the lower cover plate is provided with a hollow flow channel, both ends of the hollow flow channel are provided with cooling medium interfaces for connecting the flowing liquid cooling medium (high-density hydrocarbon fuel) to cool the entire combined pressure scanning valve structure and ensure that the main control circuit board is at a preset working temperature; the sensor assembly and the electrical connector are connected with the main control circuit board by a cable.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate both adopt a fan-shaped structure; the outer circular arc surface of the upper cover plate is distributed with a plurality of second threaded holes for connecting and fixing with the engine, the end surface of the upper cover plate is distributed with a plurality of first mounting holes and a plurality of second mounting holes, the first mounting holes are used for fixing the electrical connector, and the second mounting holes are used for fixing the sensor assembly.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the second mounting hole is a counterbore, a first threaded hole is arranged in the counterbore, and the sensor assembly and a sealing element are installed in the counterbore and locked by the fasteners and the first threaded hole.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the sensor assembly comprises: a shell, a pressure measuring core and a pressure sensor conditioning circuit board, the shell is fixed in the second mounting hole, the shell is provided with an air guide interface, the pressure measuring core is sealed in the shell by a sealing element, and the pressure sensor conditioning circuit board is installed in the counterbore at the bottom of the shell and connected with the pins of the pressure measuring core.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, the shell comprises an air guide cover and a bottom cover, the bottom of the air guide cover is provided with an internally-threaded recess, and the top of the bottom cover is provided with an externally-threaded recess to realize the threaded connection of the air guide cover and the bottom cover; the pressure measuring core is sealed in the cavity enclosed by the air guide cover and the bottom cover by the sealing element.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, the air guide cover top is provided with an air guide interface, and the air guide cover interior is provided with an air path, both ends of the air path being communicated with the air guide interface and the internal thread recess respectively; the air guide cover side is provided with a third mounting hole corresponding to the first thread hole, and fasteners are installed in the first thread hole and the third mounting hole to realize the connection and fixation of the sensor assembly and the upper cover plate; the bottom cover bottom is provided with a sunken platform through hole, the sunken platform through hole being communicated with the external thread recess, and the pressure sensor conditioning circuit board is installed in the sunken platform through hole.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, a plurality of fourth thread holes are distributed in the recess, the main control circuit board is fixed in the recess through fasteners and the fourth thread holes, and a heat insulation sleeve is arranged between the main control circuit board and the fasteners for thermal isolation.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present application, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged in the hollow flow channel, and the reinforcing ribs are connected with the shell of the lower cover plate.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present application, a plurality of third thread holes are arranged on the upper cover plate, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the lower cover plate, fasteners are installed in the third thread holes and the through holes to realize the locking of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate; cooling pipe through holes are arranged at both ends of the upper cover plate, the cooling pipe through holes corresponding to the cooling medium interfaces to realize the installation of the cooling medium pipeline.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present application, the cooling medium is engine liquid fuel.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0019] The active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine of the present application is composed of an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a sensor assembly, a main control circuit board, a heat insulation layer, a heat insulation sleeve, fasteners and an electrical connector to form the main body structure of the pressure scanning valve; specifically, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate adopt a special-shaped structure matching the profile of the internal structure of the engine, the upper cover plate is locked with the lower cover plate by the fasteners to improve the matching degree between the pressure scanning valve and the engine, and the pressure scanning valve is installed to the internal structure of the engine to facilitate more accurate measurement of the pressure change in the internal structure of the engine; further, the sensor assembly and the electrical connector are installed to the inner side of the upper cover plate, the main control circuit board is installed to the inner side of the lower cover plate, and the sensor assembly and the electrical connector are connected with the main control circuit board by a cable, i.e. circuit connection is realized to ensure reliable operation of the sensor assembly; at the same time, the lower cover plate is internally provided with a hollow flow channel, both ends of the hollow flow channel are provided with cooling medium interfaces to access flowing liquid cooling medium for cooling the entire combined pressure scanning valve structure, and the closed inner cavity formed by the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate is filled with the heat insulation layer to effectively ensure that the main control circuit board is within the preset working temperature range, which realizes multi-channel temperature and pressure measurement of the pressure scanning valve and meets the operation requirement of the pressure scanning valve in the harsh thermal environment of the scramjet engine to ensure long-term reliable operation of the engine and its equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure principle schematic view of the active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine in the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a front view structure principle schematic view of the active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine in the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a Figure 2 sectional view structure principle schematic view in the direction of F-F;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a side view structure principle schematic view of the active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a Figure 3 structure principle schematic view at position I;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a structure principle schematic view of the upper cover plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a Figure 6 sectional view structure principle schematic view in the direction of B-B;

[0027] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cover plate from the side in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cover plate from the bottom in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower cover plate in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower cover plate from the side in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sensor assembly in the specific embodiment of the present application; wherein, Fig. (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sensor assembly from the front, and Fig. (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sensor assembly from the side along the G-G direction in Fig. (a);

[0032] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air induction cover in the specific embodiment of the present application; wherein, Fig. (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air induction cover from the front, and Fig. (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air induction cover from the side along the H-H direction in Fig. (a);

[0033] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom cover in the specific embodiment of the present application; wherein, Fig. (a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom cover from the front, and Fig. (b) is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom cover from the side along the J-J direction in Fig. (a);

[0034] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the combined pressure scanning valve in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the design of the combined pressure scanning valve in the specific embodiment of the present application, which is limited by multiple constraints;

[0036] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the stress simulation of the lower cover plate cooling flow channel of the combined pressure scanning valve in the specific embodiment of the present application, when the internal pressure is 0.5 MPa;

[0037] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the displacement deformation simulation of the lower cover plate cooling flow channel of the combined pressure scanning valve in the specific embodiment of the present application, when the internal pressure is 0.5 MPa;

[0038] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the active cooling simulation calculation domain division of the combined pressure scanning valve in the specific embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 20The cold flow field simulation schematic diagram of the combined pressure scanning valve in the specific embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0040] Figure 21 The ANSYS ICEM CFD software simulation temperature field simulation schematic diagram of the active cooling of each component in the combined pressure scanning valve in the specific embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0041] Figure 22 The temperature field simulation result cross-sectional schematic diagram of the ANSYS ICEM CFD software simulation of the active cooling of the combined pressure scanning valve in the specific embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0042] Legend: 1, upper cover plate; 1001, first mounting hole; 1002, second mounting hole; 1003, first threaded hole; 1004, second threaded hole; 1005, cooling pipe via hole; 1006, third threaded hole; 2, lower cover plate; 2001, concave cavity; 2002, fourth threaded hole; 2003, through hole; 2004, cooling medium interface; 2005, fifth threaded hole; 2006, hollow flow channel; 2007, reinforcing rib; 3, sensor assembly; 3001, air induction cover; 30011, air induction interface; 30012, boss; 30013, air path; 30014, third mounting hole; 30015, internally threaded concave cavity; 3002, bottom cover; 30021, externally threaded concave cavity; 30022, counterbore through hole; 3003, pressure measuring core; 3004, pressure sensor conditioning circuit board; 4, main control circuit board; 5, thermal insulation layer; 6, thermal insulation sleeve; 7, fastener; 8, electrical connector; 9, sealing element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to examples thereof illustrated in the attached drawings, in which like or similar designations denote like or similar elements or components throughout the drawings. The following detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without these specific details. Figures 1-22 The described embodiments are examples and are intended to be illustrative of the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0045] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0046] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "embedding," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] Example

[0048] like Figures 1-22 As shown, the active cooling combined pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine of the present invention includes: an upper cover plate 1, a lower cover plate 2, a pressure sensor assembly 3, a main control circuit board 4, a heat insulation layer 5, a heat insulation sleeve 6, fasteners 7, and an electrical connector 8. The upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 adopt an irregular shape that matches the internal structural contour of the engine. The upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 are locked together by fasteners 7, and the closed cavity formed by the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 is filled with the heat insulation layer 5. The upper cover plate 1 has multiple holes for mounting the pressure sensor assembly 3 and the electrical connector 8. The lower cover plate 2 has a recessed cavity 2001 on its inner side. The main control circuit board 4 is installed in the recessed cavity 2001 by fasteners 7. A heat insulation sleeve 6 is provided between the main control circuit board 4 and the fasteners 7. The lower cover plate 2 has a hollow flow channel 2006 inside. Both ends of the hollow flow channel 2006 are provided with cooling medium interfaces 2004 to allow the flow of liquid cooling medium to cool the entire combined pressure scanning valve structure and ensure that the main control circuit board 4 is within the preset operating temperature range. The pressure sensor assembly 3 and the electrical connector 8 are connected to the main control circuit board 4 by cables. To reduce the heat transfer from the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 to the main control circuit board 4 through radiation, a heat insulation layer 5 is filled around the main control circuit board 4 to hinder heat transfer. In this embodiment, the cooling medium is engine liquid fuel, which can both remove heat from the pressure scanning valve and improve the operating stability of the pressure scanning valve, and also achieve fuel preheating. The engine fuel can be high-density hydrocarbon fuel to adapt to the harsh thermal environment of the scramjet engine and still operate normally.

[0049] In the embodiment, the main body structure of the pressure scanning valve is composed of the upper cover plate 1, the lower cover plate 2, the pressure sensor assembly 3, the main control circuit board 4, the thermal insulation layer 5, the thermal insulation sleeve 6, the fastener 7 and the electrical connector 8. Specifically, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 adopt a special-shaped structure matching the profile of the internal structure of the engine, and the upper cover plate 1 is locked with the lower cover plate 2 through the fastener 7 to improve the matching degree between the pressure scanning valve and the engine and to realize the installation of the pressure scanning valve in the engine, thereby facilitating the more accurate and reliable measurement of the pressure change in the engine. Further, the pressure sensor assembly 3 and the electrical connector 8 are installed on the inner side of the upper cover plate 1, and the main control circuit board 4 is installed on the inner side of the lower cover plate 2, and the pressure sensor assembly 3 and the electrical connector 8 are connected with the main control circuit board 4 through a cable, that is, the circuit connection is realized to ensure the reliable operation of the sensor assembly. At the same time, the hollow flow channel 2006 is arranged in the lower cover plate 2, and cooling medium interfaces 2004 are arranged at both ends of the hollow flow channel 2006 to access the flowing liquid cooling medium for cooling the entire combined pressure scanning valve structure, and the closed inner cavity formed by the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 is filled with the thermal insulation layer 5 to effectively ensure that the main control circuit board 4 is at a preset working temperature, thereby realizing the measurement of the multi-channel temperature and pressure of the pressure scanning valve and meeting the operation requirements of the pressure scanning valve in the harsh thermal environment of the scramjet engine, and ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the engine and its equipment.

[0050] As shown in Figure 1 , in the embodiment, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 adopt a fan-shaped structure to match the internal structure of the engine and reduce the installation space of the scanning valve in the engine. In other embodiments, the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 can be designed into corresponding special-shaped profiles according to the structure of different scramjet engines to effectively utilize the structural space of the scramjet engine. Figures 2-9 As shown in

[0051] As shown in Figure 7As shown, the second mounting hole 1002 is a countersunk hole, and two first threaded holes 1003 are provided inside the countersunk hole. The pressure sensor assembly 3 and the seal 9 are installed in the countersunk hole and locked in place by fasteners 7 and the first threaded holes 1003. Each pressure sensor in the pressure sensor assembly 3 has an independent structure to provide multiple pressure measurement ranges, and can be replaced according to different pressure measurement ranges and measurement accuracy requirements, supporting rapid replacement in case of failure of a single channel pressure sensor.

[0052] like Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the hollow flow channel 2006 has multiple reinforcing ribs 2007, which are connected to the shell of the lower cover plate 2. Multiple fourth threaded holes 2002 are distributed within the cavity 2001. The main control circuit board 4 is fixed within the cavity 2001 by fasteners 7 and the fourth threaded holes 2002, and a heat insulation sleeve 6 is provided between the main control circuit board 4 and the fasteners 7 for thermal isolation.

[0053] like Figures 9-11 As shown, in this embodiment, the upper cover plate 1 has multiple third threaded holes 1006, and the lower cover plate 2 has multiple through holes 2003. Fasteners are installed in the third threaded holes 1006 and through holes 2003 to lock the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 together. Cooling pipe through holes 1005 are provided at both ends of the upper cover plate 1, corresponding to the cooling medium interface 2004, to facilitate the installation of cooling medium pipelines. Multiple fifth threaded holes 2005 are distributed on the outer arc surface of the lower cover plate 2, and these fifth threaded holes 2005 are used for connection and fixation with the engine.

[0054] like Figures 12-14 As shown, in this embodiment, the pressure sensor assembly 3 includes: a housing, a pressure sensing core 3003, and a pressure sensor conditioning circuit board 3004. The housing is fixed inside the second mounting hole 1002, and the housing is provided with an air vent 30011. The pressure sensing core 3003 is sealed inside the housing by a sealing member 9. The pressure sensor conditioning circuit board 3004 is installed in the recessed area at the bottom of the housing and is connected to the pins of the pressure sensing core 3003.

[0055] The outer casing includes an air vent cover 3001 and a bottom cover 3002. The bottom of the air vent cover 3001 has an internally threaded cavity 30015, and the top of the bottom cover 3002 has an externally threaded cavity 30021, so as to realize the threaded connection between the air vent cover 3001 and the bottom cover 3002. The pressure measuring core 3003 is sealed in the cavity formed by the air vent cover 3001 and the bottom cover 3002 by a sealing element 9.

[0056] The air guide cover 3001 is provided with an air guide interface 30011 at the top, and an air path 30013 is arranged inside the air guide cover 3001, and the two ends of the air path 30013 are communicated with the air guide interface 30011 and an internal thread recess cavity 30015 respectively. The air guide cover 3001 is provided with a third mounting hole 30014 corresponding to the first threaded hole 1003 at the side, and the fastener 7 is mounted in the first threaded hole 1003 and the third mounting hole 30014 to realize the connection and fixation of the pressure sensor assembly 3 and the upper cover plate 1. The air guide cover 3001 is also provided with a boss 30012 at the side to facilitate the tightening and fixation of the air guide cover 3001 and the bottom cover 3002. The bottom cover 3002 is provided with a sunken boss through hole 30022, and the sunken boss through hole 30022 is communicated with an external thread recess cavity 30021, and the pressure sensor conditioning circuit board 3004 is installed in the sunken boss through hole 30022.

[0057] The active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve for the scramjet engine in the embodiment has the functions of multi-channel pressure channel measurement and multi-channel temperature measurement, which are used to measure the pressure and temperature of the combustion chamber, fuel tank, fuel supply pipeline and other parts of the scramjet engine. The multi-channel pressure channel measurement function is realized by integrating multiple pressure sensor assemblies 3 (housings, pressure sensing cores 3003, pressure sensor conditioning circuit boards 3004) through the combined pressure scanning valve. The multi-channel temperature measurement function is realized by arranging multiple temperature sensor interface sockets of the electric connector 8 on the upper cover plate 1. In the embodiment, the combined pressure scanning valve integrates 26 pressure sensors (including 26 pressure sensing cores 3003) to realize 26 pressure measurement channels, and the upper cover plate 1 is provided with 12 temperature sensor interface sockets of the electric connector 8 to realize 12 temperature measurement channels. Among them, the pressure sensing type of the 26 pressure sensing cores 3003 supports absolute pressure and gauge pressure, and can realize differential pressure measurement through two channels or multiple measurement channel combination, and the pressure measurement range of the 26 pressure sensing cores 3003 can be configured according to requirements, which can cover 0-0.5MPa, 0-1MPa, 0-2MPa, 0-4MPa, 0-8MPa, 0-15MPa, 0-20MPa, 0-40MPa, etc. The 12 temperature measurement channels can be externally connected to temperature sensors, and the supported externally connected temperature sensor types include thermistors, thermocouples, etc.

[0058] As shown in Figure 15 Fig. 1-26 pressure sensing cores 3003 and 1-26 pressure sensor conditioning circuit boards 3004 are connected to the multi-channel signal selector of the main control circuit board 4 through cables, and the compensated and calibrated signals are sent into the microprocessor through the A / D analog-digital conversion circuit of the main control circuit board 4 for digitalization. The temperature sensor interface sockets in the 1-12 electric connectors 8 are connected to the 1-12 temperature sensor conditioning circuits of the main control circuit board 4 through cables, and the compensated and calibrated signals of the 1-12 temperature sensors are sent into the microprocessor through the A / D analog-digital conversion circuit of the main control circuit board 4 for digitalization.

[0059] In this embodiment, the combined pressure scanning valve is connected and communicated with the engine controller or other aircraft on-board electrical equipment through the power socket and communication socket in the electrical connector 8, as shown in the figure. The pressure data and temperature data obtained by the combined pressure scanning valve are sent to the engine controller through the communication socket in the electrical connector 8. In this embodiment, the communication interface between the combined pressure scanning valve and the engine controller adopts a simple and reliable RS422 digital bus. The data transmission rate of the RS422 digital bus supports the transmission of 26 channels of pressure measurement data and 12 channels of temperature measurement data, and the update frequency of the data is not less than 200 Hz, which can meet the demand of fast feedback of pressure and temperature required by the control loop of the scramjet engine or the control loop of the aircraft. Figure 15

[0060] As shown in the figure, the main control circuit board 4 mainly includes a filter circuit, a power conversion circuit, a microprocessor, an A / D analog-digital conversion circuit, a multi-channel signal selector, a temperature sensor conditioning circuit, an RS422 bus interface circuit, an on-board temperature sensor, and a calibration parameter / acquisition data storage, etc. Among them, the microprocessor in the main control circuit board 4 can adopt a DSP or an STM32 or an FPGA or other embedded microprocessor chip, which supports high-speed data acquisition and conversion and fast operation of sensor calibration compensation algorithm. The filter circuit in the main control circuit board 4 can adopt a commonly used active filter or passive filter circuit. The power conversion circuit in the main control circuit board 4 can adopt a DC-DC power converter to convert the external power supply voltage into the voltage required by each part of the circuit in the main control circuit board 4. The A / D analog-digital conversion circuit in the main control circuit board 4 can adopt an A / D analog-digital conversion chip with a resolution of not less than 16 bits and a supporting circuit to realize high-speed and high-precision analog-digital conversion of the voltage signal of the temperature and pressure sensor. The on-board temperature sensor in the main control circuit board 4 adopts a sensor with a temperature measurement range of-50℃-150℃, which realizes the monitoring of the working temperature of the main control circuit board 4 and can send the working temperature of the main control circuit board 4 to the engine controller through the RS422 bus. The engine controller can adjust the flow of the cooling medium according to the working temperature of the main control circuit board 4, so that the combined pressure scanning valve works within its normal working temperature range. The 1st-12th temperature sensor conditioning in the main control circuit board 4 can adopt a commonly used thermocouple or thermistor type temperature sensor acquisition conditioning circuit. The RS422 bus interface circuit in the main control circuit board 4 can adopt a commonly used RS422 bus interface chip and a supporting circuit. The calibration parameter / acquisition data storage circuit in the main control circuit board 4 can adopt a SDRAM or a Nand flash data storage chip with large capacity and fast writing speed. Figure 15

[0061] ​​The design of the active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve for the scramjet engine in this embodiment is limited by various constraints, such as Figure 16 In addition to the constraints of the high-temperature working environment, the combined pressure scanning valve also needs to consider the vibration, electromagnetic compatibility, reliability, maintainability, safety, testability, and other working environment conditions of the aircraft / engine, while still focusing on the requirements of the scramjet engine, such as volume space, weight, different medium measurement, high precision in a wide temperature range, etc. In this embodiment, the high-temperature working environment of the combined pressure scanning valve is considered as the core design factor, and other constraints are also considered to achieve the active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve. The scheme of "active cooling as the main, passive heat insulation as the auxiliary" is adopted. From the aspects of active cooling structure design and material (upper cover plate 1, lower cover plate 2), heat insulation layer 5 material, selection of pressure sensing core 3003, selection of electrical connector 8, etc., active cooling and heat insulation measures are taken. At the same time, the electronic components in the main control circuit board 4 and the pressure sensor conditioning circuit board 3004, and the pressure sensing core 3003 work in their normal temperature range, which is an important goal of the active cooling and heat insulation function design of the combined pressure scanning valve.

[0062] In this embodiment, the pressure sensing core 3003 can adopt a stainless steel isolation diaphragm filled with silicon oil sputtering film pressure sensor core or a silicon piezoresistive pressure core, which is used to measure the pressure of the scramjet engine combustion chamber, the pressure of the fuel tank or pipeline. The stainless steel isolation diaphragm filled with silicon oil sputtering film pressure sensor core or silicon piezoresistive pressure core can effectively reduce the damage of high-temperature gas and low-temperature liquid to the pressure sensing core, and the shell of the pressure sensing core 3003 is a metal with good heat conduction performance, which forms an integral structure with the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 of the combined pressure scanning valve. The heat radiation heat of the pressure sensing core 3003 can be quickly conducted to the cooling medium to maintain the temperature of the pressure sensing core 3003 within its normal working temperature range.

[0063] In this embodiment, the electrical connector 8 is used for external power supply of the combined pressure scanning valve, communication with the engine controller, and connection of the temperature sensor. The external power supply socket and the communication socket with the engine controller of the combined pressure scanning valve both adopt J599 I type series connectors, with a maximum working temperature of 200°C, which is suitable for the harsh high-temperature environment of the engine. Among them, the type of the external power supply socket of the combined pressure scanning valve is J599 / 20FA35SN, and the type of the communication socket with the engine controller is J599 / 20FB35SN. The type of the temperature sensor connection socket is ZH837230K0803PNFR1, and the maximum working temperature of this type of socket can also reach 200°C.

[0064] In the present example, the electronic components in the main control circuit board 4 and the pressure sensor conditioning circuit board 3004 are realized by selecting products with a wide operating temperature range. Among them, the electronic components in the pressure sensor conditioning circuit board 3004 are selected from electronic component products with an operating temperature range of not less than -45°C to 125°C, so as to meet the requirement that the pressure measurement channel of the combined pressure scanning valve can reliably and accurately measure the high-temperature gas pressure in the combustion chamber of a scramjet engine or the pressure in the fuel tank and fuel supply pipeline of a scramjet engine. The main control circuit board 4 is installed in the recess 2001 of the lower cover plate 2, and the hollow flow channel 2006 is arranged inside the lower cover plate 2. Both ends of the hollow flow channel 2006 are provided with cooling medium interfaces 2004, and the flowing liquid cooling medium is connected to realize the cooling of the structure of the combined pressure scanning valve. Since the main control circuit board 4 is placed in the recess 2001 of the lower cover plate 2, the active cooling effect is good, and the temperature environment is good, therefore, the electronic components of the main control circuit board 4 can be selected from electronic component products with an operating temperature range of not less than -45°C to 85°C, which is beneficial to broaden the selection range of electronic components and reduce the production difficulty and cost of the combined pressure scanning valve. If it is necessary to further improve the working reliability of the combined pressure scanning valve from the aspect of the working temperature environment of the electronic components, the electronic components of the main control circuit board 4 can also be selected from electronic component products with an operating temperature range of not less than -45°C to 125°C, or even wider operating temperature range.

[0065] In this embodiment, the material of the heat insulation layer 5 is selected as "porous vacuum silicon + aerogel", and the heat insulation layer 5 is mainly used to reduce the heat transfer from the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 to the main control circuit board 4 by heat radiation, and the heat insulation layer 5 is also filled around the main control circuit board 4 to hinder heat transfer. The porous vacuum silicon and the aerogel have similar heat insulation performance and small density, wherein the porous vacuum silicon material has certain structure processability, and is easy to be prepared into the required shape according to the structure shape and size of the upper cover plate 1, the lower cover plate 2 and the main control circuit board 4 of the combined pressure scanning valve. The aerogel material is obtained by sol-gel process and supercritical drying treatment, and is initially in liquid form, which is easy to be filled in the gap between the upper cover plate 1, the lower cover plate 2 and the main control circuit board 4, and further realizes the good heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer 5, greatly reduces the heat radiation amount of the upper cover plate 1 and the lower cover plate 2 to the main control circuit board 4, and enables the main control circuit board 4 to be in the normal working temperature range. The aerogel and the porous vacuum silicon have small material density, and these two materials are beneficial to reduce the weight of the entire combined pressure scanning valve while realizing excellent heat insulation. The aerogel after forming is a solid substance form, which is one of the solids with very small density in the world, and the density is 3 kg / m3, and the thermal conductivity can be as low as 0.013 W / m·K; the porous vacuum silicon is a new heat insulation and preservation material formed by cross-linking of high polymer matrix and nano-porous vacuum silicon sheet. The pore size of the porous vacuum silicon is 10-40 nm, which is smaller than the average free path 68 nm of air molecules, and the porosity is more than 97%, and the thermal conductivity can be as low as 0.012 W / m·K.

[0066] The active cooling type combined pressure scanning valve of this embodiment is used in a scramjet engine, the ground test of the scramjet engine is repeatedly carried out for many times, and the test working conditions are various, and even different types of scramjet engines have different pressure measurement requirements and temperature measurement requirements. The combined pressure scanning valve is in a harsh working environment of high temperature and high pressure, and it itself needs to have high working reliability and also needs to have good replaceability and maintainability. The combined pressure scanning valve realizes the replaceability and maintainability of the product through the modular design of the structure, circuit, software and the like. Among them, the main control circuit board 4 adopts a modular temperature conditioning circuit and a pressure sensor conditioning circuit board 3004, which is easy to maintain, repair and detect the circuit. The structure design is realized through integrated design of the overall structure and independent modular pressure sensor assembly 3, the pressure sensor assembly 3 has a unified structure size and pressure measuring interface, the inside of the pressure sensor assembly 3 adopts a unified shell, pressure measuring core 3003, pressure sensor conditioning circuit board 3004 and electrical interface, and the pressure measuring cores 3003 of different measurement pressure ranges adopt a unified structure size, so that the pressure sensor assembly 3 is convenient to interchange or replace. In addition, the temperature sensor interface socket in the electrical connector 8 sets a unified type of connector socket according to the same type of temperature sensor, so as to realize convenient interchange of the temperature measurement channel.

[0067] In this embodiment, the working environment temperature of the combined pressure scanning valve for the scramjet engine is high, and the maximum temperature can reach 200°C. The upper cover plate 1, the lower cover plate 2 and other exposed structures can absorb the heat generated by the engine operation into the pressure scanning valve. In order to protect the electronic components of the main control circuit board 4 inside the combined pressure scanning valve, not only is the main control circuit board 4 filled with a heat insulation layer 5 to isolate heat radiation, but the lower cover plate 2 is also provided with an internal hollow flow channel 2006 to introduce cooling medium to achieve active cooling. In order to avoid the internal pressure rising after the cooling medium is filled, causing excessive deformation of the shell, and even structural damage, from the aspect of structural reliability design, the lower cover plate 2 is provided with a reinforcing rib 2007 connecting the hollow layer shell to improve the structural strength of the combined pressure scanning valve and ensure that the cooling flow channel of the lower cover plate 2 can pass through 0.5 MPa of cooling medium. As shown in Figure 17 and Figure 18 When the internal pressure of the cooling flow channel of the lower cover plate 2 of the combined pressure scanning valve is 0.5 MPa, the maximum stress of the hollow layer structure is 8.476e+07 N / m 2 , which is less than the yield strength 2.068e+08 N / m 2 , and the maximum displacement of the structure is 0.00659 mm, which is very small, indicating that the structural strength of the lower cover plate 2 of the combined pressure scanning valve of this embodiment meets the requirements. In this embodiment, the upper cover plate 1 is made of aluminum alloy material to reduce the overall weight of the combined pressure scanning valve, and the lower cover plate 2 can be made of titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, stainless steel and other materials by 3D printing and welding. The lower cover plate 2 needs to be connected to the cooling medium to achieve active cooling function, and its internal structure is complex, so traditional processing cannot achieve overall forming processing, and therefore metal 3D printing process is used for processing.

[0068] In this embodiment, the active cooling simulation analysis calculation domain grid of the combined pressure scanning valve is manually divided using ANSYS ICEM CFD software, as shown in Figure 19 The calculation domain is divided into eight parts: the upper cover plate 1, the lower cover plate 2, the inlet domain, the outlet domain, the heat insulation layer 5, the main control circuit board 4 layer, the internal cavity domain layer and the oil cooling domain layer.

[0069] The thermodynamic properties of the materials of each calculation domain of the combined pressure scanning valve are shown in Table 1.

[0070] Table 1. Thermodynamic properties of materials of each calculation domain of the combined pressure scanning valve

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] The active cooling medium of the combined pressure scanning valve is high-density hydrocarbon fuel, and the working environment temperature of the combined pressure scanning valve is set to 200℃ to simulate and analyze under a relatively severe thermal environment. Figures 20-22 As can be seen from the temperature field distribution cross-sectional view in the simulation results, the temperature inside the cavity where the main control circuit board 4 is placed is lower than 80℃, and it can be seen that the temperature field is transmitted from top to bottom to the internal cavity through the heat insulation layer, and in the steady state, the temperature at the interface between the main control circuit board 4 and the heat insulation layer 5 is maintained below 70℃. The temperature of most of the cavity below the main control circuit board 4 is lower than 70℃, and the lower the temperature, the lower the temperature at the bottom, indicating that the oil cooling domain layer plays an important role in heat exchange and cooling, achieving the active cooling effect of the combined pressure scanning valve, so that the combined pressure scanning valve can work normally and reliably in the severe thermal environment of the scramjet engine up to 200℃.

[0074] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the cooling tube via hole 1005 and the cooling medium interface 2004 of the combined pressure scanning valve is set to 8mm, when the pressure of the cooling medium in the cooling tube via hole 1005 is 0.5MPa, the cooling medium is high-density hydrocarbon fuel, its flow rate is 18m / s, and the density is 942.5kg / m3, then the flow rate of the cooling medium = flow rate x cross-sectional area x density = 18 x ((0.008 / 2) 2 ) x 3.14 x 942.5 ≈ 0.853kg / s. According to the simulation results of ANSYS ICEM CFD simulation software, under this flow rate, even if the working environment temperature of the combined pressure scanning valve continues to remain at 200℃ (this temperature is the most severe design value), the working environment temperature of the internal main control circuit board 4 still remains below 85℃, which is within the reliable working temperature range. The working environment temperature of the combined pressure scanning valve changes with the working condition and working time of the scramjet engine, and is not continuously the most severe temperature value. The actual working environment temperature of the combined pressure scanning valve gradually rises from room temperature or a certain initial temperature with the working time of the scramjet engine, therefore, the scramjet engine controller can adjust and control the cooling flow rate of the combined pressure scanning valve according to the real-time working temperature of the combined pressure scanning valve. The specific implementation is that the combined pressure scanning valve passes through the in-board temperature sensor in the main control circuit board 4, the temperature measurement range of the temperature sensor is -50℃-150℃. The real-time acquisition and monitoring of the working temperature of the main control circuit board 4, the working temperature of the main control circuit board 4 is sent to the engine controller through the RS422 bus, and the engine controller dynamically adjusts the flow rate of the cooling medium in the range of 0-0.85kg / s according to the real-time temperature of the main control circuit board 4, which can further optimize the cooling medium flow rate and total amount of the combined pressure scanning valve.

[0075] Although the present application is disclosed with reference to the preferred embodiments above, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any skilled person in the art, without departing from the spirit and technical solutions of the present application, can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present application disclosed above, or modify equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present application, still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. An actively cooled combined pressure-scanning valve for a scramjet engine, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a combined type pressure scanning valve structure, including: Upper cover plate (1), lower cover plate (2), sensor assembly (3), main control circuit board (4), heat insulation layer (5), heat insulation sleeve (6), fastener (7) and electric connector (8);The upper cover plate (1) and lower cover plate (2) adopt the fan-shaped structure that matches with the profile of the internal structure of engine, and the upper cover plate (1) is locked with the lower cover plate (2) through fastener (7), and the closed inner cavity formed by the upper cover plate (1) and the lower cover plate (2) is filled with heat insulation layer (5);The upper cover plate (1) is set up multiple hole positions to be used for installing sensor assembly (3) and electric connector (8);The inner side of lower cover plate (2) is equipped with recess cavity (2001), and main control circuit board (4) is installed in recess cavity (2001) through fastener (7), and heat insulation sleeve (6) is equipped between main control circuit board (4) and fastener (7), and the inside of lower cover plate (2) is equipped with hollow flow channel (2006), and both ends of hollow flow channel (2006) are equipped with cooling medium interface (2004), to access flowing liquid cooling medium to cool the whole combined type pressure scanning valve structure, ensure that main control circuit board (4) is at the preset working temperature;Sensor assembly (3) and electric connector (8) are connected with main control circuit board (4) through cable;There are multiple reinforcing ribs (2007) in hollow flow channel (2006), and the reinforcing rib (2007) is connected with the shell of lower cover plate (2); The heat insulation layer (5) is arranged between the main control circuit board (4) and the upper cover plate (1).

2. The actively cooled combination pressure-scanning valve for a scramjet engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple second threaded holes (1004) are distributed on the outer arc surface of the upper cover plate (1), and the second threaded holes (1004) are used for being connected and fixed with the engine; multiple first mounting holes (1001) and multiple second mounting holes (1002) are distributed on the end surface of the upper cover plate (1), the first mounting holes (1001) are used for fixing the electric connector (8), and the second mounting holes (1002) are used for fixing the sensor assembly (3).

3. The actively cooled combination pressure-scanning valve for a scramjet engine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second mounting hole (1002) is a counterbore hole, a first threaded hole (1003) is arranged in the counterbore hole, and the sensor assembly (3) and a sealing element (9) are arranged in the counterbore hole and locked through the fastener (7) and the first threaded hole (1003).

4. The actively cooled combination pressure-scanning valve for a scramjet engine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sensor assembly (3) comprises a shell, a pressure measuring core (3003) and a pressure sensor conditioning circuit board (3004), the shell is fixed in the second mounting hole (1002), the shell is provided with an air inlet (30011), the pressure measuring core (3003) is sealed in the shell through the sealing element (9), and the pressure sensor conditioning circuit board (3004) is arranged in the counterbore hole at the bottom of the shell and connected with the lead of the pressure measuring core (3003).

5. The actively cooled combination pressure-scanning valve for a scramjet engine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shell comprises an air induction cover (3001) and a bottom cover (3002), the bottom of the air induction cover (3001) is provided with an internal thread recess (30015), the top of the bottom cover (3002) is provided with an external thread recess (30021), so as to realize the threaded connection of the air induction cover (3001) and the bottom cover (3002); the pressure measuring core (3003) is sealed in the cavity enclosed by the air induction cover (3001) and the bottom cover (3002) through a sealing element (9).

6. The actively cooled combination pressure-scanning valve for a scramjet engine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the air induction cover (3001) is provided with an air induction interface (30011), the inside of the air induction cover (3001) is provided with an air path (30013), the two ends of the air path (30013) are communicated with the air induction interface (30011) and the internal thread recess (30015) respectively; the side of the air induction cover (3001) is provided with a third mounting hole (30014) corresponding to the first threaded hole (1003), the fastener (7) is mounted in the first threaded hole (1003) and the third mounting hole (30014), so as to realize the connection and fixation of the sensor assembly (3) and the upper cover plate (1); the bottom of the bottom cover (3002) is provided with a sunken platform through hole (30022), the sunken platform through hole (30022) is communicated with the external thread recess (30021), and the pressure sensor conditioning circuit board (3004) is mounted in the sunken platform through hole (30022).

7. The actively cooled combination pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that A plurality of fourth threaded holes (2002) are distributed in the recess (2001), the main control circuit board (4) is fixed in the recess (2001) through the fastener (7) and the fourth threaded hole (2002), and a heat insulation sleeve (6) is arranged between the main control circuit board (4) and the fastener (7) for thermal isolation.

8. The actively cooled combination pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that A plurality of third threaded holes (1006) are arranged on the upper cover plate (1), a plurality of through holes (2003) are arranged on the lower cover plate (2), the fastener is mounted in the third threaded hole (1006) and the through hole (2003), so as to realize the locking of the upper cover plate (1) and the lower cover plate (2); the two ends of the upper cover plate (1) are provided with cooling pipe vias (1005), the cooling pipe vias (1005) correspond to the cooling medium interfaces (2004), so as to realize the installation of the cooling medium pipeline.

9. The actively cooled combination pressure scanning valve for a scramjet engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The cooling medium is liquid fuel of the engine.

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