A coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device and polishing method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device and a polishing method thereof, which relate to the technical field of metal component manufacturing, and comprise a workpiece polishing chamber, wherein a fixture for fixing a workpiece is arranged in the workpiece polishing chamber, an abrasive flow inlet is arranged on an outer shell of the workpiece polishing chamber, and an ultrasonic generator is arranged in the workpiece polishing chamber. A three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the fixture as a whole as a coordinate origin, and ultrasonic generators are respectively arranged on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system. The ultrasonic generator can be regulated according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the metal component, so that ultrasonic energy can act on the workpiece efficiently, and the frequency and power of the ultrasonic wave can be adjusted at the same time. Under the action of coupled ultrasonic technology and abrasive flow medium, the surface of the complex inner cavity of the workpiece is accurately ground and polished, the roughness and unevenness of the surface are removed, and the precise polishing of the complex inner cavity of the metal component is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal component manufacturing, and in particular to a coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device and a polishing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Parts, especially metal components, are widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, medical equipment and other fields. In these fields, the surface quality of the inner cavity of the parts has an important impact on the functional performance and service life of the components. Polishing, as a surface treatment method, is to modify the surface of the workpiece using polishing tools or other abrasive flows.

[0003] Traditional surface treatment methods for metal components, such as mechanical polishing and chemical polishing, have limitations when processing complex inner cavities, such as difficult operation, low efficiency, and difficult to control surface quality. Moreover, these methods usually require the use of a large amount of chemical agents, which not only pollutes the environment, but also poses safety hazards. Abrasive flow machining can successfully perform micro-grinding on various materials, including softer non-ferrous metals and tough alloys, etc. It is very suitable for the development of modern manufacturing materials and manufacturing technologies. Abrasive flow machining is widely used in the fine processing of various complex parts.

[0004] In order to ensure the efficient operation of abrasive flow machining, ultrasonic wave-assisted abrasive flow machining is often used in the prior art. Since the vibration frequency of ultrasonic wave is very high, it can instantly give the abrasive flow very high energy, thereby improving the machining efficiency of the abrasive flow. However, the current ultrasonic wave-assisted abrasive flow machining only sets an ultrasonic transducer in the forward or reverse direction of the abrasive flow. The direction of the ultrasonic energy cannot act on the workpiece efficiently, and the machining accuracy is low. In the actual machining process, the complexity of the flow channel shape is relatively high, and only setting an ultrasonic transducer in the forward and reverse directions of the abrasive flow cannot meet the requirements of high-precision machining.

[0005] At present, it is urgent to propose a new polishing device and polishing method, which can realize efficient and precise polishing of the complex inner cavity of metal components, improve their surface finish and precision, and have good environmental protection effect and good economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device and a polishing method thereof to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. A three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the fixture as a whole as the coordinate origin, and ultrasonic generators are respectively arranged on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system. Abrasive flow medium and polishing liquid form a polishing medium that enters the inner cavity of the workpiece. The ultrasonic waves emitted by multiple ultrasonic generators directly act on the three axial directions of the metal component. The ultrasonic generator can be regulated according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the metal component so that the ultrasonic energy can act on the workpiece efficiently, and the frequency and power of the ultrasonic wave can be adjusted at the same time. Under the action of coupled ultrasonic technology and abrasive flow medium, precise polishing of the complex inner cavity of the metal component is achieved, with good environmental protection effect and good economic benefits.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: a coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device is provided, comprising a workpiece polishing chamber, a fixture for fixing the workpiece is arranged in the workpiece polishing chamber, an abrasive inlet is arranged on the outer shell of the workpiece polishing chamber, an ultrasonic generator is arranged in the workpiece polishing chamber, a three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the fixture as a whole as the coordinate origin, and ultrasonic generators are respectively arranged on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0008] Preferably, the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic generator is a combination of square wave, sine wave, longitudinal wave and transverse wave, including a square wave and longitudinal wave combination, a square wave and transverse wave combination, a sinusoidal wave and longitudinal wave combination and a sinusoidal wave and transverse wave combination.

[0009] Preferably, three sets of ultrasonic generators are provided, and the ultrasonic generators are respectively located on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0010] Preferably, 6 sets of ultrasonic generators are provided, and the ultrasonic generators are respectively located in the positive and negative directions of the X-axis, the positive and negative directions of the Y-axis, and the positive and negative directions of the Z-axis in the three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0011] Preferably, it further comprises a medium tank for storing polishing medium, the medium outlet of the medium tank is connected with the abrasive inlet through a power pump and a connecting pipeline, and the polishing medium comprises abrasive particles and polishing liquid.

[0012] Preferably, the abrasive inlet is disposed on both sides of the polishing chamber shell, and the medium outlet corresponding to the abrasive inlet is disposed on both sides of the medium tank.

[0013] A coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Fix the workpiece on a fixture in the workpiece polishing chamber;

[0015] S2, the abrasive flow medium and the polishing liquid form a flowing mixture, and are transported into the workpiece polishing chamber through a power pump, and the mixture enters the inner cavity of the metal component;

[0016] S3. In the X, Y, and Z axis directions of the workpiece, the ultrasonic generating device is regulated according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the metal component.

[0017] Preferably, in step S1, the abrasive flow medium is a viscous non-Newtonian fluid formed by a uniform mixture of a polymer carrier, abrasive particles and additives.

[0018] Preferably, the particle size and density of the abrasive particles and the viscosity of the carrier are selected according to needs.

[0019] Preferably, in step S3, the flow rate of the abrasive flow medium and the frequency and power of the ultrasonic wave are controlled so that the abrasive flow medium and the ultrasonic wave act on the inner cavity surface of the metal component simultaneously.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0021] A three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the fixture as a whole as the coordinate origin, and ultrasonic generators are respectively arranged on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system. The workpiece is fixed on the fixture of the workpiece polishing chamber, and the abrasive flow medium and the polishing liquid form a polishing medium, which flows into the inner cavity of the workpiece from the abrasive flow inlet of the workpiece polishing chamber. The ultrasonic waves emitted by multiple ultrasonic generators directly act on the three axial directions of the metal component. The ultrasonic generator can be adjusted according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the metal component, so that the energy of the ultrasonic wave can accurately act on the complex inner cavity of the metal component.

[0022] And because of the good softness and fluidity of the abrasive flow medium, the abrasive flow medium can match the complex inner cavity surface of any shape of metal components. At the same time, the ultrasonic energy can accurately increase the impact force of the abrasive flow medium in the complex inner cavity of the metal component, so that the ultrasonic energy can act on the workpiece efficiently, and the frequency and power of the ultrasonic wave are adjusted at the same time. Under the action of coupled ultrasonic technology and abrasive flow medium, the surface of the complex inner cavity of the workpiece is accurately ground and polished, and the roughness and unevenness of its surface are removed, so as to achieve accurate polishing of the complex inner cavity surface of the metal component, improve the performance and quality of the metal component, and meet the processing requirements of high-precision parts. In addition, the ultrasonic equipment and abrasive flow will not produce pollutants when working, and the environmental protection effect is good. No chemical agents are needed during polishing, which avoids pollution to the environment from the root. In addition, the polishing precision is high, the ultrasonic generator and polishing medium can be reused, which reduces the device cost and use cost, the labor cost is low, and has good economic benefits. The polishing process has good uniformity and repeatability, ensuring that each polishing can obtain a consistent and high-quality surface effect, reducing the scrap rate, extending the life of parts, reducing the number of inspections, improving production efficiency, and further improving the overall economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the process of efficient composite polishing of complex inner cavities of metal components of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of ultrasonic waves that can be provided by the ultrasonic generator of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of three sets of ultrasonic generators of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of six sets of ultrasonic generators of the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 1. connecting pipeline; 2. three-dimensional composite ultrasonic generating device; 3. workbench; 4. workpiece; 5. fixture; 6. power pump; 7. polishing medium; 8. medium tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1-5 As shown, a coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device is provided in this embodiment, including a workpiece polishing chamber, in which a fixture 5 is arranged, and a workpiece 4 is fixed by the fixture 5, and the workpiece 4 is preferably a metal component. According to the actual use conditions, the structure of the fixture 5 can be adaptively adjusted. Preferably, when the workpiece 4 is fixed on the fixture 5, the pre-polished parts on the end face of the workpiece 4 can be exposed and will not be blocked by the fixture 5. An abrasive inlet is arranged on the outer shell of the workpiece polishing chamber, and the abrasive inlet can be oriented toward the fixture 5 and the metal component clamped by the fixture 5. A three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the fixture 5 as a whole as the coordinate origin, and ultrasonic generators are respectively arranged on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system. The workpiece polishing chamber, the fixture 5 and the ultrasonic generator of the present invention together constitute a three-dimensional composite ultrasonic generating device 2.

[0033] Working principle: The workpiece 4 is set in the workpiece polishing chamber, and the workpiece 4 is fixed by the fixture 5 in the polishing chamber. The abrasive flow medium and the polishing liquid form a polishing medium 7 (a flowing mixture), and flow into the abrasive flow inlet of the workpiece polishing chamber and enter the inner cavity of the workpiece 4. The ultrasonic generator is turned on. Since the ultrasonic generators are respectively arranged on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the fixture 5, when the fixture 5 fixes the workpiece 4, the specific clamping position of the workpiece 4 can be adjusted in real time according to the actual use scenario. Preferably, the ultrasonic generator will also be located on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the workpiece 4. The ultrasonic generator can be adjusted according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the metal component. The ultrasonic waves emitted by multiple ultrasonic generators directly act on the three axial positions of the metal component, so that the energy of the ultrasonic wave can accurately act on the metal The abrasive flow medium has good softness and fluidity, so the abrasive flow medium can match the complex inner cavity surface of metal components of any shape. At the same time, the ultrasonic wave can accurately increase the impact force of the abrasive flow medium in the complex inner cavity of the metal component, so that the ultrasonic energy can act efficiently on the workpiece 4, and at the same time adjust the frequency and power of the ultrasonic wave. Under the action of coupled ultrasonic technology and abrasive flow medium, the surface of the complex inner cavity of the workpiece is accurately ground and polished, and the roughness and unevenness of the surface are removed, so as to achieve accurate polishing of the complex inner cavity surface of the metal component, improve the performance and quality of the metal component, and meet the processing requirements of high-precision parts. The ultrasonic equipment and abrasive flow will not produce pollutants when working, and the environmental protection effect is good. There is no need to use chemical agents for polishing during polishing, which avoids pollution to the environment. And the polishing precision is high, the ultrasonic generator and polishing medium can be reused, which reduces the device cost and use cost, the labor cost is low, and it has good economic benefits. The polishing process has good uniformity and repeatability, ensuring that each polishing can achieve a consistent and high-quality surface effect, reducing the scrap rate, extending the life of parts, reducing the number of inspections, improving production efficiency, and further improving the overall economic benefits.

[0034] For example, in actual industrial applications, when making metal components with complex inner cavities, it is often necessary to first make a mold of the metal component with a complex inner cavity by 3D printing, and then manufacture the metal component by "casting". After demolding, the preliminary metal component model is completed. At this time, it is necessary to polish the complex inner cavity in the metal component model to obtain the finished metal component. Then, the coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device of the present invention can be used to clamp the metal component by a clamp, and then a coordinate system is established with the clamp, so that the ultrasonic generator can be adjusted according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the cast metal component. The ultrasonic waves emitted by multiple ultrasonic generators directly act on the three axial positions of the metal component. Under the action of coupled ultrasonic technology and abrasive flow medium, the complex inner cavity of the cast metal component can be accurately polished, that is, the coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device of the present invention can be effectively used in actual industrial production.

[0035] Furthermore, the angles of the ultrasonic generator on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system can be adjusted, so that the effective ultrasonic energy action position of the ultrasonic generator on the workpiece 4 can be accurately adjusted to make the polishing process more precise.

[0036] In one embodiment, when establishing the coordinate system, the fixture 5 is three-dimensionally modeled to obtain a discretized model of the fixture 5; based on the discretized model, a three-dimensional coordinate system of the workpiece suitable for machining the workpiece 4 is established, and the origin of the coordinate system of the fixture 5 can be the center point of the surface to be machined of the workpiece 4. Of course, in practical applications, the workpiece 4 can also be three-dimensionally modeled, and a three-dimensional coordinate system can be directly established based on the workpiece 4, and ultrasonic generators can be arranged on the three axes of the three-dimensional coordinate system of the workpiece.

[0037] In one embodiment, the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic generator of the present invention is a combination of square wave, sine wave, longitudinal wave and transverse wave, and the ultrasonic wave in each direction can be adjusted to emit 4 kinds of ultrasonic waves, including a square wave longitudinal wave combination, a square wave transverse wave combination, a sine wave longitudinal wave combination and a sine wave transverse wave combination;

[0038] A represents square wave, B represents sine wave, a represents longitudinal wave (sparse-dense wave), b represents transverse wave, X represents the type of ultrasonic wave that can be emitted by the ultrasonic transmitter in the X-axis direction in the three-dimensional coordinate system, Y, Z and so on. The type of ultrasonic wave emitted by each ultrasonic generator is represented by an array as follows:

[0039] X = (Aa, Ab, Ba, Bb);

[0040] Y = (Aa, Ab, Ba, Bb);

[0041] Z=(Aa, Ab, Ba, Bb).

[0042] The ultrasonic generators of the present invention are respectively located in the three axial directions of the workpiece 4. The ultrasonic generators are regulated according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the metal component. The energy generated by different types of ultrasonic vibrations is used to perform microscopic impact and friction on the metal surface, thereby realizing coupled ultrasonic technology.

[0043] At the same time, abrasive flow technology is used. Through the liquid abrasive flow medium, its softness and fluidity can easily match the processing surface of any shape, which is particularly suitable for surface finishing of deep holes and complex surfaces that are difficult to reach manually. This effectively solves the problem of inner cavity polishing. Even complex parts such as cast hydraulic valve bodies with multiple cross holes can achieve uniform polishing of the inner cavity through abrasive flow technology.

[0044] The composite polishing technology of the present invention combines the advantages of coupled ultrasonic technology and abrasive flow technology, and can achieve efficient and high-quality polishing of complex inner cavities of metal components. It can effectively remove defects such as oxide scale and burrs on the metal surface and improve the surface finish and precision.

[0045] Furthermore, abrasive flow machining is widely used in the fine processing of various complex parts. However, when it comes to the dead corners of the flow channel, abrasives tend to accumulate in the dead corners due to the complexity of the flow channel shape and the improper setting of the processing parameters, resulting in the accumulation of abrasives in these areas and cannot be effectively removed. Abrasive accumulation not only reduces the processing efficiency, but also leads to unstable part quality. The accumulated abrasives cannot fully exert their grinding effect, resulting in uneven surface processing of the workpiece and inconsistent roughness. In addition, abrasive accumulation may also cause blockages and failures during the processing process, damage the processing equipment, and further increase the difficulty and cost of processing. At the same time, the accumulation of abrasives in dead corners also leads to a decrease in processing accuracy, which cannot meet the processing requirements of high-precision parts.

[0046] In the present invention, due to the use of coupled ultrasonic composite polishing, the ultrasonic generator can be regulated according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the metal component, so that the energy of the ultrasonic wave can accurately act on the complex inner cavity of the metal component; and the good softness and fluidity of the abrasive flow medium can improve the fluidity of the abrasive in the dead corner area and increase the removal effect. In this way, the present invention can effectively remove the abrasive in the dead corner area, improve the processing efficiency, make the quality of parts more stable, ensure that the abrasive fully exerts its grinding effect, make the workpiece surface more uniform, and avoid the problem of inconsistent roughness. In addition, the present invention can also avoid the blockage and failure that may be caused by the accumulation of abrasives during the processing process, effectively protect the equipment, reduce the difficulty and cost of processing, meet the processing requirements of high-precision parts, and avoid the problem of "abrasives accumulating in dead corners due to the complexity of the flow channel shape and the improper setting of processing parameters" existing in the prior art.

[0047] The abrasive flow and coupled ultrasonic composite polishing technology also has the characteristics of good uniformity and repeatability. Therefore, each polishing can obtain a consistent and high-quality surface effect, reduce the scrap rate, and improve production efficiency. At the same time, this technology can also reduce labor costs, extend the life of parts, and reduce the number of inspections, thereby further improving the overall economic benefits. The coupled ultrasonic technology can also improve the stress distribution on the metal surface and improve the strength and durability of the parts. Therefore, this composite polishing technology has significant advantages in improving the performance and quality of metal components.

[0048] In this embodiment, three sets of ultrasonic generators are provided, and the ultrasonic generators are respectively located on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system. The ultrasonic combinations that can be emitted in the present invention are:

[0049] (X, Y, Z), which has a total of 4 3 =64 combinations.

[0050] At this time, the ultrasonic generator in the Z-axis direction is preferably located above the workpiece 4, and a workbench 3 is provided below the fixture 5. While the workpiece 4 is fixed by the fixture 5, the bottom surface of the workpiece 4 is supported by the workbench 3 below.

[0051] In one embodiment, 6 sets of ultrasonic generators are provided, and the ultrasonic generators are respectively located in the positive and negative directions of the X-axis, the positive and negative directions of the Y-axis, and the positive and negative directions of the Z-axis in the three-dimensional coordinate system. In the above order, X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Z1, and Z2 are used to represent the types of ultrasonic waves that can be emitted by the ultrasonic generator in the corresponding axial direction. The ultrasonic generator in each direction can still be adjusted to emit 4 types of ultrasonic waves. When 6 sets of ultrasonic generators are provided, the combinations of ultrasonic waves that can be emitted are:

[0052] X1=(Aa, Ab, Ba, Bb), X2=(Aa, Ab, Ba, Bb); respectively:

[0053] It includes the combination of two sinusoidal shear waves and square shear waves, two sinusoidal longitudinal waves and square shear waves, two sinusoidal shear waves and square longitudinal waves, and two sinusoidal longitudinal waves and square longitudinal waves. It also includes the combination of the same wave and the workpiece with different propagation directions in 4 three dimensions. In this way, there are 16 combinations of X1X2 in total.

[0054] Y1=(Aa, Ab, Ba, Bb), Y2=(Aa, Ab, Ba, Bb); Similarly, there are 16 combinations of Y1Y2;

[0055] Z1=(Aa, Ab, Ba, Bb), Z2=(Aa, Ab, Ba, Bb); Similarly, there are 16 combinations of Z1Z2;

[0056] When 6 sets of ultrasonic generators are provided, the ultrasonic generating device in the present invention can emit the following ultrasonic combinations:

[0057] (X1X2, Y1Y2, Z1Z2) can achieve 16 3 =4096 combinations.

[0058] The abrasive flow inlet of the workpiece polishing chamber is connected to the abrasive flow injection device, which is used to form a flowing mixture (polishing medium 7) of abrasive flow medium and polishing liquid, and send it into the inner cavity of the metal component. In one embodiment, the abrasive flow injection device includes a medium tank 8, which is used to store abrasive flow medium and polishing liquid so that the abrasive flow medium and polishing liquid form a flowing mixture. The medium outlet of the medium tank 8 is connected to the abrasive flow inlet of the workpiece polishing chamber through a power pump 6 and a connecting pipeline 1. The power pump 6 is used to promote the flow of fluid, and the flowing mixture enters the inner cavity of the metal component through a nozzle or other means.

[0059] In this embodiment, abrasive flow inlets are provided on both sides of the polishing chamber shell, and medium outlets corresponding to the abrasive flow inlets are provided on both sides of the medium groove 8. A connecting pipeline 1 and a power pump 6 are still provided between each medium outlet and the abrasive flow inlet. By inputting the flowing mixture into the workpiece polishing chamber from both sides, the abrasive flow can reciprocate in the complex inner cavity of the workpiece 4, while increasing the polishing effect of the dead corners.

[0060] It also includes a control system responsible for controlling the working state of the abrasive flow and the ultrasonic wave, which specifically controls the flow rate of the abrasive flow medium and the frequency and power of the ultrasonic wave so that the abrasive flow medium and the ultrasonic wave act on the inner cavity surface of the metal component at the same time, and adjusts the parameters such as the polishing time, the abrasive flow rate and the ultrasonic wave power as needed to achieve the best polishing effect, so as to realize the monitoring and regulation of the polishing process. During the polishing process, the stability and reliability of the polishing process are ensured by monitoring and regulating the control system. For example, as the polishing time increases, the polishing effect gradually improves, but when the polishing time exceeds a certain threshold, the improvement trend of the polishing effect tends to be flat; a higher abrasive flow rate can increase the collision frequency between the abrasive and the workpiece surface, thereby improving the polishing effect, but when the abrasive flow rate is too high, it may cause the abrasive to pass through the inner cavity too quickly, reducing the contact time with the workpiece surface, thereby reducing the polishing effect. The control system of the present invention can adjust the output power of the overall ultrasonic wave in real time according to the change of the polishing degree, and can effectively reduce the flow rate of the abrasive after the polishing time exceeds a certain threshold, so as to ensure a good polishing effect.

[0061] This embodiment provides a coupled ultrasonic composite polishing method, characterized in that:

[0062] S1. First, fix the workpiece 4 on the fixture 5 in the workpiece polishing chamber. Preferably, the fixture 5 does not block the pre-polishing part of the workpiece 4.

[0063] S2, the abrasive flow medium and the polishing liquid form a flowing mixture (polishing medium 7), and the mixture is pumped into the workpiece polishing chamber by the power pump 6, and the mixture can enter the inner cavity of the metal component;

[0064] S3. In the X, Y, and Z axis directions of the workpiece 4, the ultrasonic generator is regulated according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the metal component. The ultrasonic generator generates high-frequency vibrations to increase the impact force of the abrasive flow medium. The control system is responsible for controlling the working states of the abrasive flow and ultrasonic waves, and monitoring and adjusting the polishing process to achieve precise polishing of the complex inner cavities of the metal component.

[0065] S4. After polishing is completed, the workpiece 4 is cleaned by a cleaning device.

[0066] The particle size, density and carrier viscosity of the abrasive in the polishing medium 7 of the present invention are selected as needed. In step S3, the abrasive flow medium and the ultrasonic wave are simultaneously acted on the inner cavity surface of the metal component by controlling the flow rate of the abrasive flow medium and the frequency and power of the ultrasonic wave.

[0067] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any reference numerals in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0068] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device, characterized in that: It comprises a workpiece polishing chamber, wherein a fixture for fixing a workpiece is arranged in the workpiece polishing chamber, an abrasive inlet is arranged on the outer shell of the workpiece polishing chamber, and an ultrasonic generator is arranged in the workpiece polishing chamber. A three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the fixture as a whole as the coordinate origin, and ultrasonic generators are respectively arranged on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system; when the workpiece is fixed on the fixture, the pre-polished parts on the end surface of the workpiece can be exposed; 6 sets of ultrasonic generators are arranged, and the ultrasonic generators are respectively located in the positive and reverse directions of the X-axis, the positive and reverse directions of the Y-axis, and the positive and reverse directions of the Z-axis in the three-dimensional coordinate system; the ultrasonic generators are respectively located in the three axial directions of the workpiece, and the angles of the ultrasonic generators located on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the three-dimensional coordinate system can be adjusted; The ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic generator is a combination of square wave, sine wave, longitudinal wave and transverse wave, including a square wave longitudinal wave combination, a square wave transverse wave combination, a sine wave longitudinal wave combination and a sine wave transverse wave combination; The ultrasonic generators are respectively located in the three axial directions of the workpiece, and are regulated according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the metal component. The energy generated by different types of ultrasonic vibrations is used to perform microscopic impact and friction on the metal surface, thereby realizing coupled ultrasonic technology. In the X, Y and Z axis directions of the workpiece, the ultrasonic generator is regulated according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the metal component, and the ultrasonic generator generates high-frequency vibration to increase the impact force of the abrasive flow medium. The working state of the abrasive flow and the ultrasonic wave is controlled by the control system, and the frequency and power of the ultrasonic wave are specifically adjusted. Under the action of the coupled ultrasonic technology and the abrasive flow medium, the surface of the complex inner cavity of the workpiece is ground and polished.

2. The coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a medium tank for storing polishing media, the medium outlet of the medium tank is connected with the abrasive grain inlet through a power pump and a connecting pipeline, and the polishing media includes abrasive grains and polishing liquid.

3. The coupled ultrasonic composite polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The abrasive grain inlet is disposed on both sides of the polishing chamber shell, and the medium outlet corresponding to the abrasive grain inlet is disposed on both sides of the medium tank.

4. A coupled ultrasonic composite polishing method using the polishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Fix the workpiece on a fixture in the workpiece polishing chamber; S2, the abrasive flow medium and the polishing liquid form a flowing mixture, and are transported into the workpiece polishing chamber by a power pump, and the mixture enters the inner cavity of the metal component; S3. In the X, Y, and Z axis directions of the workpiece, the ultrasonic generating device is regulated according to the three-dimensional geometric model of the metal component.

5. The coupled ultrasonic composite polishing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1 , the abrasive flow medium is selected to be a viscous non-Newtonian fluid formed by a uniform mixture of a polymer carrier, abrasive particles and additives.

6. The coupled ultrasonic composite polishing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle size and density of the abrasive particles and the viscosity of the carrier are selected according to needs.

7. The coupled ultrasonic composite polishing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the flow rate of the abrasive flow medium and the frequency and power of the ultrasonic wave are controlled so that the abrasive flow medium and the ultrasonic wave act on the inner cavity surface of the metal component at the same time.

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