A rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device and test method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device and a test method. The rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device includes a rotary unit, a reciprocating unit, a turnout swing unit and a pressurizing unit. The rotary unit includes a mold rotary mechanism, a temperature monitoring mechanism and a turnout mold. The movable end of the mold rotary mechanism is detachably connected to the turnout mold through a torque sensor, which is used to drive the turnout mold to rotate and monitor the torque. The temperature monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the temperature during the grinding process. The present invention uses a reciprocating unit, a rotary unit, a turnout swing unit and a pressurizing unit to disassemble the four main influencing parameters that originally acted on the turnout mold in a complex manner: mold moving speed, mold rotation speed, mold grinding angle, and mold grinding pressure into four independent action parameters, thereby improving the controllability and operability of each single parameter under laboratory conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit rail grinding, and in particular to a rail transit rail switch grinding simulation test device and a test method. Background Art

[0002] Rail transit is an important part of the public transportation system. It has the advantages of large capacity, fast speed, safety and reliability. Rail transit is regarded as the backbone of the urban transportation system and has become the focus of the transportation development strategy. With the continuous improvement of high-speed railway construction and the increasing use of high-speed heavy-load trains, the requirements for rail quality are constantly increasing, and rail repair faces new challenges; due to the extremely high use cost and time limitations of large grinding vehicles, and low operating efficiency in complex turnout railway sections, small and medium-sized railway maintenance equipment are often used in daily railway maintenance work. These equipment are flexible and low-cost. Among them, the grinding machine used for steel rail turnout repair has been widely used in various railway maintenance work areas and has become an indispensable main equipment in maintenance operations. The turnout grinding device already has a relatively mature system, but there is still no equipment for the technical research of real steel rail turnout grinding and the test research of turnout grinding tool grinding performance under laboratory conditions.

[0003] The operation of the turnout grinding devices with publication numbers CN220789274U, CN111926637A, and CN108396604A is realized by manual pushing feeding and manual loading. During the grinding process, the contact angle of the turnout grinding stone is adjusted to grind the entire turnout rail surface.

[0004] For the above-mentioned prior art, the rail turnout grinding device lacks experimental equipment that can quickly and conveniently detect the performance of the turnout mold and the grinding quality of the turnout rail, and the existing turnout grinding device is difficult to meet the test requirements. If grinding tests or turnout mold performance tests are required, they must be carried out in rail transit sections or large rail simulation sites, which will occupy a large area of ​​railway operation sections, and the required window period is relatively long. In addition, the turnout grinding device is significantly affected by manual control, and the feed speed and the load applied by the turnout mold are unstable. The performance evaluation of the turnout mold and the evaluation of the turnout grinding quality are significantly affected. Therefore, how to conveniently detect the performance of the turnout mold and the grinding quality of the turnout rail and meet the needs of conducting simulation experiments in the laboratory is a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, propose a rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device and test method, solve the technical problem of how to conveniently detect the turnout grinder performance and the turnout rail grinding quality in the prior art and meet the needs of conducting simulation experiments in the laboratory.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device, comprising:

[0008] The rotary unit comprises a mold rotary mechanism, a temperature monitoring mechanism and a turnout mold, wherein the movable end of the mold rotary mechanism is detachably connected to the turnout mold via a torque sensor, and is used to drive the turnout mold to rotate and monitor the torque, and the temperature monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the temperature during the grinding process;

[0009] A reciprocating unit, whose movable end is connected to the rotary unit, and is used to drive the rotary unit to feed laterally;

[0010] A turnout swing unit, which is arranged opposite to the rotary unit, comprises a rail frame and an angle adjustment mechanism, wherein the rail frame is arranged at a movable end of the angle adjustment mechanism, the rail frame is used to install the turnout rail, and the angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the grinding angle of the turnout rail; and

[0011] The pressurizing unit, whose movable end is connected to the turnout swing unit, is used for providing and monitoring the contact force between the turnout rail and the turnout mold through an elastic pushing output load.

[0012] In some embodiments, the reciprocating unit includes a first frame, a tool feeding assembly, a slide rail and a slider, the tool feeding assembly and the slide rail are both arranged on the top of the first frame, the slider is slidably connected to the slide rail, the slider is connected to the rotary unit, and the driving end of the tool feeding assembly is connected to the slider for driving the slider to slide along the slide rail.

[0013] In some embodiments, the tool feeding assembly includes a tool feeding rack, a tool feeding motor and a tool feeding gear, wherein the tool feeding gear is arranged on the output shaft of the tool feeding motor, the tool feeding gear is installed on the top of the first frame, and the tool feeding gear is meshed with the tool feeding rack, and the tool feeding motor is arranged on the slider.

[0014] In some embodiments, a feeding unit is also included, which includes a second frame, a drag plate mechanism and a longitudinal feeding mechanism. The drag plate mechanism is arranged on the second frame, the drag plate mechanism is connected to the pressurizing unit, and the movable end of the longitudinal feeding mechanism is connected to the turnout swing unit and the pressurizing unit for driving the turnout swing unit and the pressurizing unit to feed longitudinally.

[0015] In some embodiments, a control unit is also included, which is electrically connected to the control unit, the reciprocating unit, the rotating unit, the switch swing unit, the pressurizing unit and the feeding unit, and is used to send and receive control signals and data, and control the running speed of the reciprocating unit, the rotation speed of the rotating unit and the feeding speed of the pressurizing unit.

[0016] In some embodiments, the pressurizing unit includes a load mechanism, a shock absorbing mechanism, and a guide mechanism;

[0017] The load mechanism comprises a floating joint, a servo electric cylinder and a support plate, wherein the servo electric cylinder is mounted on the support plate, and a driving rod thereof sequentially connects the support plate and the floating joint, and applies pressure through the telescopic movement of the driving rod;

[0018] The shock absorbing mechanism comprises a spring support frame, a shock absorbing spring, a guide rod and a pressure sensor, the two spring support frames are respectively connected to the load mechanism and the pressure sensor, the guide rod and the shock absorbing spring are arranged in parallel, and the guide rod passes through the through holes on the two spring support frames;

[0019] The guiding mechanism includes a connecting seat, a guide rail slider, a linear guide rail and a supporting side plate. The connecting seat is connected to the turnout swing unit through a pressure sensor. The two linear guide rails are installed in parallel on the two supporting side plates. The supporting side plates are installed on the second frame. The connecting seat is installed on the guide rail slider, and the guide rail slider is slidably connected to the linear guide rail.

[0020] In some embodiments, the angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment component, a fixing component, and a motion steering component;

[0021] The adjustment assembly includes a rail frame support plate, a swing support frame and an arc-shaped rack, wherein the swing support frame is connected to the rail frame support plate, the rail frame is rotatably connected to the inner side of the rail frame support plate, and the arc-shaped rack is installed on the top of the swing support frame;

[0022] The fixing assembly comprises a steering rod, a rack meshing block, a steering handle, a tension spring and a spring fixing block, wherein the rack meshing block is sleeved on the steering rod, the bottom end of the steering rod is connected to the spring fixing block, the steering handle is arranged on the rack meshing block, one end of the tension spring is connected to the spring fixing block, and the other end is connected to the rack meshing block, wherein the swing support frame is fixed on the connecting seat, and the steering rod is rotatably connected to the swing support frame;

[0023] The input end and the output end of the motion steering assembly are respectively connected to the steering rod and the rail frame, and are used to rotate the steering rod and transmit the rotation to the rail frame.

[0024] In some embodiments, the motion steering assembly includes a first bevel gear, a bevel gear support frame, a second bevel gear, a third transmission rod, a fourth transmission rod and a synchronous transmission structure. The bevel gear support frame is connected to the swing support frame, wherein the third transmission rod and the fourth transmission rod pass through the bevel gear, and the fourth transmission rod is connected to the steering rod. The first bevel gear is installed on the bevel gear support frame and meshes with the second bevel gear. The input end and the output end of the synchronous transmission structure are respectively connected to the second bevel gear and the rail frame, and are used to transmit the rotation of the second bevel gear to drive the rail frame to rotate.

[0025] In some embodiments, the synchronous transmission structure includes a first transmission gear, a first transmission rod, a synchronous belt, a second transmission rod and a second transmission gear. The first transmission rod passes through the rail frame support plate and is connected to the first transmission gear, and the first transmission rod is transmission connected to the rail frame to drive the rail frame to rotate. The second transmission gear is connected to the second transmission rod and is transmission connected to the first transmission gear through the synchronous belt. The second bevel gear is installed on the second transmission rod.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a rail transit steel rail switch grinding simulation test method, which is applicable to the rail transit steel rail switch grinding simulation test device as described in any one of the above, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1. Weigh the mold to obtain an initial weight, measure the height of the turnout rail to obtain an initial height, and collect initial shape profile information at a specified position;

[0028] S2. Install the turnout rail, and adjust the position of the turnout rail by rotating the angle fixing device of the turnout swing unit relative to the angle adjustment mechanism, thereby adjusting the grinding angle of the turnout rail;

[0029] S3, obtaining the positive pressure monitoring result through the pressurizing unit, and adjusting the load mechanism to set the load required for the rail grinding test according to the positive pressure monitoring result;

[0030] S4, adjusting the rotation speed of the grinding tool rotating mechanism to ensure that the turnout grinding tool runs at a constant speed, adjusting the reciprocating speed of the reciprocating unit to ensure that the rotating mechanism moves at a constant speed and distance, starting the pressurizing unit to keep the turnout rail in constant contact with the turnout grinding tool under a constant load, and monitoring the temperature of the turnout rail and the turnout grinding tool during the grinding operation through the temperature monitoring mechanism; after the grinding is completed, the load mechanism is closed and reset, the grinding tool is out of contact with the rail, and the grinding stops;

[0031] S5. After the grinding test, the abrasive tool is disassembled and weighed, and the mass loss and volume loss of the abrasive tool are calculated;

[0032] S6. Remove the turnout rails, measure the rail profile information, calculate the rail grinding amount, and analyze the rail grinding surface quality;

[0033] S7. Calculate the friction coefficient and total grinding force of the interface between the grinding tool and the rail during the grinding process by combining the friction torque and the normal pressure monitored by the torque sensor and the pressure unit during the grinding process.

[0034] S8. The grinding performance of turnout tool is analyzed by combining the tool wear behavior, rail grinding amount, force analysis of the tool grinding process, rail grinding temperature and rail surface quality information.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the rail transit steel track switch grinding simulation test device provided by the present invention, through the reciprocating unit, the rotating unit, the pressurizing unit, and the switch swing unit, disassembles the four main influencing parameters that originally acted compositely on the switch mold: mold moving speed, mold rotation speed, mold grinding angle, and mold grinding pressure into four independent acting parameters, improves the controllability and operability of each single parameter under laboratory conditions, optimizes the disassembly and replacement process of previous devices and experimental materials, and improves the test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of a rail transit steel rail switch grinding simulation test device provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reciprocating unit of the rail transit steel rail switch grinding simulation test device;

[0038] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotary unit of the rail transit steel rail switch grinding simulation test device;

[0039] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a turnout swing unit of a rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device;

[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the side view of the stereoscopic structure of the turnout swing unit of the rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device;

[0041] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a pressurizing unit of a rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device;

[0042] Figure 7 yes Figure 1Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the feed unit of the rail transit steel turnout grinding simulation test device.

[0043] Description of reference numerals:

[0044] 1. Control unit; 11. Host; 12. Operation panel;

[0045] 2. Reciprocating unit; 21. First frame; 22. Tool feeding assembly; 221. Tool feeding rack; 222. Tool feeding motor; 223. Tool feeding gear; 23. Slide rail; 24. Slider;

[0046] 3. Rotation unit; 31. Turnout mold; 32. Mold rotation mechanism; 321. Speed ​​regulating motor; 322. Torque sensor; 323. Gearbox; 33. Temperature monitoring mechanism; 34. Mold mounting plate;

[0047] 4. Turnout swing unit; 41. Angle adjustment mechanism; 411. Adjustment assembly; 4111. Rail frame support plate; 4112. Swing support frame; 4113. Arc rack; 412. Fixing assembly; 4121. Adjustment rod; 4122. Rack meshing block; 4123. Adjustment handle; 4124. Tension spring; 4125. Spring fixing block; 413. Motion steering assembly; 4131. First bevel gear; 4132. Bevel gear support frame; 4133. Third transmission rod; 4134. Second bevel gear; 4135. Fourth transmission rod; 4136. Synchronous transmission structure; 4136a. First transmission gear; 4136b. First transmission rod; 4136c. Synchronous belt; 4136d. Second transmission rod; 4136e. Second transmission gear; 42. Rail frame; 43. Rail pin; 44. Turnout rail;

[0048] 5. Pressurizing unit; 51. Load mechanism; 511. Servo electric cylinder; 512. Floating joint; 513. Support plate; 52. Shock-absorbing mechanism; 521. Spring support frame; 522. Shock-absorbing spring; 523. Guide rod; 524. Pressure sensor; 53. Guide mechanism; 531. Connecting seat; 532. Guide rail slider; 533. Support side plate; 534. Linear guide;

[0049] 6. Feed unit; 61. Second frame; 62. Carriage mechanism; 621. Lower carriage; 622. Upper carriage; 63. Longitudinal feed mechanism; 631. Ball screw mechanism; 632. Third bevel gear; 633. Fourth bevel gear; 634. Transmission rod shaft seat; 635. Feed transmission rod; 636. Feed hand wheel DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to solve the technical problem of how to conveniently detect the performance of the turnout mold 31 and the grinding quality of the turnout rail 44 and meet the needs of simulation experiments in the laboratory, the present invention provides a rail transit rail turnout grinding simulation test device and test method, which can realize convenient detection of the performance of the turnout mold 31 and the grinding quality of the turnout rail 44 and meet the needs of simulation experiments in the laboratory.

[0051] It should be noted that the rail transit steel rail switch grinding simulation test device described in the present invention is used for but not limited to rail transit steel rail switch grinding, etc. For the convenience of explanation, in the present invention, only the rail transit steel rail switch grinding simulation test device is applied to rail transit steel rail switch grinding as an example for explanation, and the principle of applying the rail transit steel rail switch grinding simulation test device to other types of equipment is substantially the same as the principle applied to similar equipment, which will not be elaborated here.

[0052] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of a rail transit steel track switch grinding simulation test device in one embodiment of the present invention. The rail transit steel track switch grinding simulation test device includes a rotating unit 3, a reciprocating unit 2, a switch swing unit 4 and a pressurizing unit 5.

[0053] In this embodiment, the rotary unit 3 includes a mold rotary mechanism 32, a temperature monitoring mechanism 33 and a turnout mold 31. The movable end of the mold rotary mechanism 32 is detachably connected to the turnout mold 31 through a torque sensor 322, which is used to drive the turnout mold 31 to rotate and monitor the torque. The temperature monitoring mechanism 33 is used to monitor the temperature during the grinding process. The movable end of the reciprocating unit 2 is connected to the rotary unit 3, which is used to drive the rotary unit 3 to feed laterally. The turnout swing unit 4 is arranged opposite to the rotary unit 3, and includes a rail frame 42 and an angle adjustment mechanism 41. The rail frame 42 is arranged at the movable end of the angle adjustment mechanism 41. The rail frame 42 is used to install the turnout rail 44, and the angle adjustment mechanism 41 is used to adjust the grinding angle of the turnout rail 44. The movable end of the pressurizing unit 5 is connected to the turnout swing unit 4, which is used to provide and monitor the contact force between the turnout rail 44 and the turnout mold 31 by an elastic pushing output load. Through the designed reciprocating unit 2, rotary unit 3, turnout swing unit 4 and pressurizing unit 5, the four main influencing parameters that originally acted in combination on the turnout mold 31: mold moving speed, mold rotation speed, mold grinding angle and mold grinding pressure were decomposed into four independent acting parameters; the controllability and operability of each single parameter under laboratory conditions were improved; the disassembly and replacement process of previous devices and experimental materials was optimized to improve the test efficiency.

[0054] In one embodiment, see Figure 1, and also includes a control unit 1, which is electrically connected to the reciprocating unit 2, the rotary unit 3, the turnout swing unit 4, the pressurizing unit 5 and the feeding unit 6, and is used to send and receive control signals and data, and control the running speed of the reciprocating unit 2, the rotation speed of the rotary unit 3 and the feeding speed of the pressurizing unit 5.

[0055] Specifically, the control unit 1 includes a host 11 and an operation panel 12. The host 11 collects the reciprocating displacement, reciprocating displacement speed, and mold rotation speed of the rotary unit 3, collects the load pressure of the pressurizing unit 5, and collects the longitudinal movement distance of the feed unit 6. The control panel visualizes the data collected by the host 11, and the control main board can adjust and control the reciprocating displacement distance, reciprocating displacement speed, mold rotation speed, and load pressure of the pressurizing unit 5 of the rotary unit 3 to achieve constant displacement, constant speed, constant rotation speed, and constant load.

[0056] Furthermore, the reciprocating unit 2 includes a first frame 21, a tool feeding assembly 22, two slide rails 23 and two pairs of sliders 24. The tool feeding assembly 22 and the slide rails 23 are both arranged on the top of the first frame 21. The sliders 24 are slidably connected to the slide rails 23. The sliders 24 are connected to the rotary unit 3. The tool feeding assembly 22 is arranged on the rotary unit to drive the rotary unit 3 and the sliders 24 to slide along the slide rails 23.

[0057] The tool feeding assembly 22 includes a tool feeding rack 221, a tool feeding motor 222 and a tool feeding gear 223. The tool feeding gear 223 is arranged on the output shaft of the tool feeding motor 222. The tool feeding gear 223 is installed on the top of the first frame 21, and the tool feeding gear 223 is meshed with the tool feeding rack 221. The tool feeding motor 222 is arranged on the rotary unit 3. The tool feeding rack 221 and the two slide rails 23 are installed on the first frame 21 in parallel and flush with the long side of the first frame 21 to ensure the stable and smooth operation of the rotary unit 3 in the horizontal direction; the two pairs of sliders 24 are respectively installed on the two guide rails and carry the rotary unit 3; the constant speed rotation of the tool feeding motor 222 drives the tool feeding gear 223 to move on the tool feeding rack 221 to achieve a constant speed and constant displacement of the rotary unit 3; the mold rotating mechanism 32 includes A speed regulating motor 321, a torque sensor 322 and a gearbox 323; the torque sensor is connected to the output shaft of the speed regulating motor 321 on the left side and to the input shaft of the gearbox 323 on the right side; the torque sensor 322 monitors the friction torque change in the grinding process in real time; the speed regulating motor 321 can perform stepless speed regulation and maintain a constant speed; the left and right sides of the mold mounting plate 34 are respectively connected to the gearbox 323 and the turnout mold 31, and the power is transmitted to the turnout mold 31 via the speed regulating motor 321, the torque sensor 322, the gearbox 323, and the mold mounting plate 34, driving the turnout mold 31 to achieve adjustable constant speed rotation; the temperature monitoring mechanism 33 is installed on the side of the gearbox 323, and has a temperature measuring probe thereon, which is aimed at the grinding position of the turnout mold 31 and the turnout rail 44 to monitor the temperature change in the grinding process in real time.

[0058] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the turnout grinder 31 preferably uses a full-size grindstone, which has a hollow cylindrical structure, and the end face of the grindstone forms a grinding surface. At the same time, a scaled grinding sample can also be used. Of course, in other embodiments, the turnout grinder 31 is not limited to using a grindstone, but can also be a grinder, etc.

[0059] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 5In the turnout swing unit 4, the angle adjustment mechanism 41 includes an adjustment component 411, a fixing component 412 and a motion steering component 413; the adjustment component 411 includes a rail frame support plate 4111, a swing support frame 4112 and an arc-shaped rack 4113, the swing support frame 4112 is connected to the rail frame support plate 4111, the rail frame 42 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the rail frame support plate 4111, and the arc-shaped rack 4113 is installed on the top of the swing support frame 4112; the fixing component 412 includes a steering rod 4121, a rack meshing block 4122, a steering handle 4123, a tension spring 4124 and a spring fixing block 4125, the rack meshing block 4121 122 is sleeved on the steering rod, the bottom end of the steering rod is connected to the spring fixing block 4125, the steering handle 4123 is arranged on the rack meshing block 4122, one end of the tension spring 4124 is connected to the spring fixing block 4125, and the other end is connected to the rack meshing block 4122, wherein the steering rod 4121 is fixed to the second frame 61, the swing support frame 4112 is fixed to the connecting seat 531, and the steering rod is rotatably connected to the swing support frame 4112; the input end and the output end of the motion steering assembly 413 are respectively connected to the steering rod 4121 and the rail frame 42, for rotating the steering rod 4121 and transmitting the rotation to the rail frame 42.

[0060] Furthermore, the motion steering assembly 413 includes a first bevel gear 4131, a bevel gear support frame 4132, a second bevel gear 4134, a third transmission rod 4133, a fourth transmission rod 4135 and a synchronous transmission structure 4136. The bevel gear support frame 4132 is connected to the swing support frame 4112, wherein the third transmission rod 4133 and the fourth transmission rod 4135 pass through it, and the fourth transmission rod 4135 is connected to the turning rod 4121. The first bevel gear 4131 is installed on the bevel gear support frame and meshes with the second bevel gear 4134. The input end and the output end of the synchronous transmission structure 4136 are respectively connected to the second bevel gear 4134 and the rail frame 42, and are used to transmit the rotation of the second bevel gear 4134 to drive the rail frame 42 to rotate.

[0061] Furthermore, the synchronous transmission structure 4136 includes a first transmission gear 4136a, a first transmission rod 4136b, a synchronous belt 4136c, a second transmission rod 4136d and a second transmission gear 4136e. The first transmission rod 4136b passes through the rail frame support plate 4111 and is connected to the first transmission gear 4136a, and the first transmission rod 4136b is transmission-connected to the rail frame 42 for driving the rail frame 42 to rotate. The second transmission gear 4136e is connected to the second transmission rod 4136d and is transmission-connected to the first transmission gear 4136a through the synchronous belt 4136c. The second bevel gear 4134 is installed on the second transmission rod 4136d.

[0062] Specifically, the working principles of the adjusting assembly 411 and the fixing assembly 412 are as follows: the adjusting handle 4123 is lifted through the cooperation between the adjusting rod 4121 and the adjusting handle 4123 to disengage the rack meshing block 4122; the adjusting rod 4121 is rotated to drive the fourth transmission rod 4135, and the fourth transmission rod 4135 transmits the rotation to the bevel gear support frame 4132, and then transmits it to the third transmission rod 4133 and the first bevel gear 4131 in sequence; the rotation direction is changed through the engagement of the first bevel gear 4131 and the second bevel gear 4134; the rotation is transmitted from the second bevel gear 4134 to the second transmission rod 4136d, the second bevel gear 4136d and the second bevel gear 4136d in sequence. Transmission gear 4136e, synchronous belt 4136c, first transmission gear 4136a and first transmission rod 4136b; the first transmission rod 4136b passes through the bearing hole on the rail frame support plate 4111 and the spline hole on the rail frame 42; the rail frame 42 rotates under the drive of the first transmission rod 4136b; the turnout rail 44 is installed on the rail frame 42; after adjusting to the required position, release the steering handle 4123, the tension spring 4124 contracts, and the rack meshing block 4122 and the arc-shaped rack 4113 mesh again to fix the grinding angle; the purpose of rotating the steering rod 4121 to change the grinding contact angle of the turnout rail 44 is achieved.

[0063] It should be noted that the bevel gear support frame 4132 is a bevel gear differential gear set, whose housing serves as a support frame, and the bevel gears at the internal input end and the output end are connected to the second transmission rod 4136d and the third transmission rod 4133 respectively.

[0064] Furthermore, the transmission ratios of the mutually meshing gear sets are all 1:1, and the transmission ratio of the synchronous transmission device is 1:1.

[0065] It should be noted that the angle range of the arc-shaped rack 4113 includes 0°~90°, which satisfies the grinding angle range of -15°~+70° for straight and curved rails, the grinding angle range of +3°~70° for pointed rails with a width less than 20 mm, and the grinding angle range of +3°~+40° for the short center rail and wing rail for curved stock grinding; there is an arc-shaped scale perpendicular to the front side of the arc-shaped rack 4113, with 0°~90° scale engraved on the top, which helps to accurately adjust the required grinding angle;

[0066] Furthermore, the degree of angle adjustment accuracy of the arc-shaped rack 4113 can be more accurately divided by adjusting the number of teeth and the module, and the angle range of the rack can also be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0067] In some possible embodiments, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The turnout rail 44 is cut and formed by the rail head part, and the cut part is not ground in the actual grinding operation to reduce the weight of the clamped rail; in order to facilitate the calculation of the grinding amount of the turnout rail 44 and analyze the quality after grinding, the turnout swing unit 4 also includes a rail pin 43, and the rail surface of the turnout rail 44 is distributed with countersunk holes for installing the rail pin 43; the length of the rail pin 43 should be less than or equal to the depth of the countersunk hole; the bottom of the turnout rail 44 is drilled with a threaded through hole concentric with the countersunk hole, and the bolt passes through the through hole of the rail frame 42 and the threaded through hole of the turnout rail 44; used to adjust countersink depth; when in use, first measure the initial weight and initial height of the rail pin 43 and the contour of the turnout rail 44; then install the rail pin 43 and insert it into the countersink of the turnout rail 44, adjust the bottom bolt of the turnout rail 44, and adjust the end face height of the rail pin 43 to be consistent with the turnout rail 44; after the turnout rail 44 is polished, measure the contour of the turnout rail 44, then take out the rail pin 43, and measure the weight and height of the rail pin 43 after polishing, so as to calculate the amount of rail polishing; and analyze the surface quality of the rail pin 43, specifically, microscopic analysis such as surface structure and metallographic structure.

[0068] In one embodiment, see Figure 6 The pressurizing unit 5 includes a load mechanism 51, a shock absorbing mechanism 52 and a guide mechanism 53; the load mechanism 51 includes a floating joint 512, a servo electric cylinder 511 and a support plate 513. The servo electric cylinder 511 is installed on the support plate 513, and its driving rod is connected to the support plate 513 and the floating joint 512 in sequence. The pressure is applied by the telescopic movement of the driving rod. The load mechanism 51 is used to apply pressure to the turnout swing unit to provide load for the turnout mold 31 and the turnout rail 44.

[0069] It should be noted that the floating joint 512 is usually composed of two connectors, namely a fixed connector and a floating connector. The fixed connector is usually fixedly connected to the main structure, while the floating connector is connected to other equipment such as connectors. The principle of the floating joint 512 is first to use flexible elements, such as metal diaphragms, metal bellows, metal braided sleeves, etc., as compensation components between connectors, which can withstand corresponding displacement and deformation and can return to their original positions. These flexible elements can be freely bent, rotated and compressed, etc., thereby providing movement space between connectors. Secondly, the floating joint 512 usually uses fixed connectors such as bolts or pins to firmly connect the fixed connector and the floating connector. These connectors can be adjusted and fixed within a certain range to adapt to the relative movement between the connectors.

[0070] Furthermore, the shock absorbing mechanism 52 includes a spring support frame 521, a shock absorbing spring 522, a guide rod 523 and a pressure sensor 524. The two spring support frames 521 are connected to the load mechanism 51 and the pressure sensor 524 respectively. The guide rod 523 and the shock absorbing spring 522 are arranged in parallel, and the guide rod 523 passes through the through holes on the two spring support frames 521. The shock absorbing mechanism 52 is used for system shock absorption and pressure maintenance during the rail grinding process. During the grinding process, the elastic force of the shock absorbing spring 522 can not only provide a constant contact load, but also reduce the vibration caused by the rigid contact between the turnout grinder 31 and the turnout rail 44, thereby ensuring the stable grinding process; by setting the guide rod 523, the pressure direction of the shock absorbing spring 522 can be kept unchanged.

[0071] It should be noted that the pressure sensor 524 is used to provide pressure through the telescopic movement of its driving rod. The pressure sensor 524 uses an S-type pressure sensor 524, and the size of the load and pressure can be determined simultaneously through the S-type pressure sensor 524; the load mechanism 51 is connected to the shock absorbing mechanism 52 through the floating joint 512 therein. The floating joint 512 can solve the problem of the shock absorbing mechanism 52 and the load mechanism 51 not being in the same axis, thereby reducing the difficulty of installation; and the movement direction of the load mechanism 51 is parallel to the axis of the turnout mold 31 and the center of the turnout rail 44.

[0072] In addition, in the shock absorbing mechanism 52 , there is no limit on the number of shock absorbing springs 522 and guide rods 523 , which can be set according to actual usage. It only needs to ensure that the shock absorbing springs 522 and guide rods 523 are parallel to the movement direction of the load mechanism 51 .

[0073] Further, the guide mechanism 53 includes a connecting seat 531, a guide rail slider 532, a linear guide rail 534 and a supporting side plate 533. The connecting seat 531 is connected to the turnout swing unit 4 through a pressure sensor 524. The two linear guide rails 534 are installed in parallel on the two supporting side plates 533. The supporting side plates 533 are installed on the second frame 61. The connecting seat 531 is installed on the guide rail slider 532, and the guide rail slider 532 is slidably connected to the linear guide rail 23. A mounting step and a mounting hole are provided above the supporting side plate 533. The linear guide rail 534 is connected to the supporting side plate 533 through the mounting hole of the mounting step. The guide rail slider 532 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 531 and installed on the linear guide rail 534, so that the connecting seat 531 can move along the direction of the linear guide rail 534, so as to realize the unidirectional feeding movement of the turnout rail 44 during the pressurization process. The movement direction of the damping mechanism 52 , the sliding direction of the guide mechanism 53 , and the pressurizing direction of the load mechanism 51 are all the same and parallel to the axis of the turnout mold 31 , so that the pressure sensor 524 can detect the positive pressure load.

[0074] In one embodiment, see Figure 7 , and also includes a feeding unit 6, which includes a second frame 61, a drag plate mechanism 62 and a longitudinal feeding mechanism 63, the drag plate mechanism 62 is arranged on the second frame 61, the drag plate mechanism 62 is connected to the pressurizing unit 5, and the movable end of the longitudinal feeding mechanism 63 is connected to the turnout swing unit 4 and the pressurizing unit 5, and is used to drive the turnout swing unit 4 and the pressurizing unit 5 to feed longitudinally, and the feeding unit 6 is used to adjust the initial positions of the turnout mold 31 and the turnout rail 44. The second frame 61 is used to install and fix the carriage mechanism; the carriage mechanism includes a lower carriage 621 and an upper carriage 622; the lower carriage 621 is installed and fixed on the second frame 61, and a dovetail structure is provided on the lower carriage 621 to cooperate with the dovetail groove of the upper carriage 622; the longitudinal feeding mechanism 63 includes a ball screw mechanism 631, a third bevel gear 632, a fourth bevel gear 633, a transmission rod shaft seat 634, a feed transmission rod 635, and a feed handwheel 636; the transmission rod shaft seat 634 is installed and fixed on the second frame 61, and the .... Passing through the feed transmission rod 635; a feed handwheel 636 is installed at one end of the feed transmission rod 635, and a fourth bevel gear is installed at the other end; the ball screw structure passes through the lower drag plate 621 and is connected to the upper drag plate 622; by rotating the feed handwheel 636, the rotation is transmitted to the feed transmission rod 635, the fourth bevel gear 633, the third bevel gear 632, the ball screw mechanism 631 and the upper drag plate 622 in sequence, and the relative position of the upper drag plate 622 with respect to the lower drag plate 621 is adjusted to achieve the initial position adjustment of the turnout mold 31 and the turnout rail 44.

[0075] It should be noted that the longitudinal feeding mechanism 63 can be set according to actual usage conditions, and the longitudinal feeding mechanism 63 can be adjusted so that it has the function of adjusting the longitudinal initial distance and the initial height of the drag plate.

[0076] The above embodiments are merely multiple possible implementations of the embodiments of the present application, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0077] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rail transit steel rail switch grinding simulation test method, which is applicable to a rail transit steel rail switch grinding simulation test device provided in any one of the above embodiments, and the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 1: Cut the rail sample of the head of the turnout rail 44, and use an electronic balance and a profilometer to obtain the initial weight of the turnout mold 31 and the turnout rail 44 and the initial shape profile information of the specified position; measure the initial weight and initial height of the rail pin 43.

[0079] Step 2, install the rail pin 43 on the turnout rail 44, adjust the bolt behind the turnout rail 44 to make the initial height of the rail pin 43 consistent with the turnout rail 44, install the turnout mold 31 on the mold mounting plate 34, install the turnout mold 31 on the rail frame 42, adjust the feed handwheel 636 to make the turnout mold 31 and the turnout rail 44 to a suitable initial distance, lift the steering handle 4123, rotate the steering rod 4121 to the desired position, loosen the steering handle 4123, and engage and fix the rack meshing block 4122 with the arc rack 4113.

[0080] Step 3: Obtain the positive pressure monitoring result through the pressure sensor 524, and adjust the load mechanism 51 according to the positive pressure monitoring result to set the load required for the rail grinding test.

[0081] Step 4, adjust the mold rotating mechanism 32 to the required speed to ensure that the turnout mold 31 runs at a constant speed at a certain rotation speed; adjust the feed motor 222 to set the lateral displacement length and lateral displacement rate; start the servo electric cylinder 511, push out the push rod of the servo electric cylinder 511, so that the turnout rail 44 maintains constant contact with the turnout mold 31 under a constant load, and monitor the temperature of the turnout mold 31 and the turnout rail 44 during the grinding operation through the temperature monitoring mechanism 33; after grinding is completed, close the servo electric cylinder 511, retract the push rod of the servo electric cylinder 511, stop the rotation of the mold rotating mechanism 32, and stop the rotation of the feed motor 222; the turnout mold 31 is out of contact with the turnout rail 44, and grinding stops.

[0082] Step 5: After the grinding test, the turnout grinder 31 is removed and weighed to calculate the mass loss and volume loss of the grinder stone; the profile of the specified position of the turnout rail 44 is measured, the height and weight of the rail pin 43 are measured, and the mass loss and volume loss of the turnout rail 44 are calculated.

[0083] Step 6: Detect the surface morphology of the grinding tool after grinding and analyze the wear behavior of the grinding tool; at the same time, analyze the grinding quality of the rail pin 43; wherein, the profile detection of the turnout grinding tool 31 and the turnout rail 44 after grinding is consistent with that in step 1.

[0084] Step 7: Calculate the friction coefficient and total grinding force of the interface between the grinding tool and the rail during the grinding process by combining the friction torque and normal pressure monitored by the torque sensor 322 and the pressure sensor 524 during the grinding process.

[0085] Step 8. Based on the information of mold rotation speed, lateral movement speed, force analysis during mold grinding, rail grinding temperature, mold wear behavior, rail grinding amount and rail surface quality, technical research on rail turnout grinding and performance testing and product development of turnout mold 31 are carried out.

[0086] The present invention overcomes the defect that the turnout grinding test and the grinding stone performance test of the previous turnout grinding device are significantly affected by manual operation. Through the designed rotary unit 3, turnout swing unit 4, and pressurizing unit 5, the travel speed, travel distance, grinding tool speed, grinding angle, and grinding load are stably adjustable.

[0087] Through the designed reciprocating unit 2, rotary unit 3, turnout swing unit 4, and pressurizing unit 5, the four main influencing parameters of the turnout mold 31, namely, mold moving speed, mold rotating speed, mold grinding angle, and mold grinding pressure, which originally acted in combination, were decomposed into four independent parameters; the controllability and operability of each single parameter under laboratory conditions were improved; the disassembly and replacement process of previous devices and experimental materials was optimized, and the test efficiency was improved;

[0088] Through the designed reciprocating unit 2, the tool feeding motor 222 is used to achieve constant speed and constant displacement instead of manual pushing forward, thereby eliminating the problems of inconsistent and unstable travel speeds and different travel distances caused by manual pushing.

[0089] Through the designed turnout swing unit 4, the previous swinging of the grinding tool to change the contact angle is transformed into the swinging of the rail to change the contact angle, and the composite action parameters of the grinding tool are independently disassembled, the equipment structure is simplified, and the convenience of material replacement is improved.

[0090] Through the designed pressurizing unit 5, the servo electric cylinder 511 is used to provide a stable load and the shock absorbing mechanism 52 is used to maintain the stable contact between the turnout mold 31 and the turnout rail 44; the problems of unstable applied load and poor repeatability caused by manual loading are eliminated, making the adjustment of applied pressure simpler, more efficient and more accurate.

[0091] In the present invention, the travel speed, travel distance, mold rotation speed, turnout contact angle, and grinding load can be freely adjusted, and the testable parameters can be refined, which helps to more efficiently optimize the grinding parameters, more efficiently test the performance of the turnout mold 31, and improve the exploratory nature and reliability of laboratory simulation.

[0092] It can also monitor the grinding pressure, grinding tool speed, friction torque, and grinding temperature in real time during the test, and form a systematic data framework through multi-type data collection. The collected data is compared and analyzed with rail grinding evaluation indicators such as grinding depth, grinding force, wear rate, friction coefficient, grinding ratio, and rail surface quality, providing reliable support for the technical research of rail turnout grinding and the performance testing and product development of turnout grinder 31.

[0093] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device, characterized in that: include: The rotary unit comprises a mold rotary mechanism, a temperature monitoring mechanism and a turnout mold, wherein the movable end of the mold rotary mechanism is detachably connected to the turnout mold via a torque sensor, and is used to drive the turnout mold to rotate and monitor the torque, and the temperature monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the temperature during the grinding process; A reciprocating unit, whose movable end is connected to the rotary unit, and is used to drive the rotary unit to feed laterally; A turnout swing unit, which is arranged opposite to the rotary unit, comprises a rail frame and an angle adjustment mechanism, wherein the rail frame is arranged at the movable end of the angle adjustment mechanism, the rail frame is used to install the turnout rail, and the angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the grinding angle of the turnout rail; as well as A pressurizing unit, whose movable end is connected to the turnout swing unit, is used for providing and monitoring the contact force between the turnout rail and the turnout mold by an elastic pushing output load; Wherein, the angle adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment component, a fixing component and a motion steering component; The adjustment assembly includes a rail frame support plate, a swing support frame and an arc-shaped rack, wherein the swing support frame is connected to the rail frame support plate, the rail frame is rotatably connected to the inner side of the rail frame support plate, and the arc-shaped rack is installed on the top of the swing support frame; The fixing assembly comprises a steering rod, a rack meshing block, a steering handle, a tension spring and a spring fixing block, wherein the rack meshing block is sleeved on the steering rod, the bottom end of the steering rod is connected to the spring fixing block, the steering handle is arranged on the rack meshing block, one end of the tension spring is connected to the spring fixing block, and the other end is connected to the rack meshing block, and the steering rod is rotatably connected to the swing support frame; The input end and the output end of the motion steering assembly are respectively connected to the steering rod and the rail frame, and are used to rotate the steering rod and transmit the rotation to the rail frame.

2. The rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reciprocating unit includes a first frame, a tool feeding assembly, a slide rail and a slider. The tool feeding assembly and the slide rail are both arranged on the top of the first frame. The slider is slidably connected to the slide rail. The slider is connected to the rotary unit. The driving end of the tool feeding assembly is connected to the slider for driving the slider to slide along the slide rail.

3. The rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The tool feeding assembly includes a tool feeding rack, a tool feeding motor and a tool feeding gear. The tool feeding gear is arranged on the output shaft of the tool feeding motor. The tool feeding gear is installed on the top of the first frame and the tool feeding gear is meshed with the tool feeding rack. The tool feeding motor is arranged on the slider.

4. The rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also includes a feeding unit, which includes a second frame, a drag plate mechanism and a longitudinal feeding mechanism. The drag plate mechanism is arranged on the second frame, the drag plate mechanism is connected to the pressurizing unit, and the movable end of the longitudinal feeding mechanism is connected to the turnout swing unit and the pressurizing unit for driving the turnout swing unit and the pressurizing unit to feed longitudinally.

5. The rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the reciprocating unit, the rotary unit, the switch swing unit, the pressurizing unit and the feeding unit, and is used to send and receive control signals and data, and to control the running speed of the reciprocating unit, the rotation speed of the rotary unit and the feeding speed of the pressurizing unit.

6. The rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressurizing unit includes a load mechanism, a shock absorbing mechanism and a guide mechanism; The load mechanism comprises a floating joint, a servo electric cylinder and a support plate, wherein the servo electric cylinder is mounted on the support plate, and a driving rod thereof sequentially connects the support plate and the floating joint, and applies pressure through the telescopic movement of the driving rod; The shock absorbing mechanism comprises a spring support frame, a shock absorbing spring, a guide rod and a pressure sensor, the two spring support frames are respectively connected to the load mechanism and the pressure sensor, the guide rod and the shock absorbing spring are arranged in parallel, and the guide rod passes through the through holes on the two spring support frames; The guiding mechanism includes a connecting seat, a guide rail slider, a linear guide rail and a supporting side plate. The connecting seat is connected to the turnout swing unit through a pressure sensor. The two linear guide rails are installed in parallel on the two supporting side plates. The supporting side plates are installed on the second frame. The connecting seat is installed on the guide rail slider, and the guide rail slider is slidably connected to the linear guide rail.

7. The rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The swing support frame is fixed on the connecting seat.

8. The rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The motion steering assembly includes a first bevel gear, a bevel gear support frame, a second bevel gear, a third transmission rod, a fourth transmission rod and a synchronous transmission structure. The bevel gear support frame is connected to the swing support frame, wherein the third transmission rod and the fourth transmission rod pass through the bevel gear, and the fourth transmission rod is connected to the steering rod. The first bevel gear is installed on the bevel gear support frame and meshes with the second bevel gear. The input end and the output end of the synchronous transmission structure are respectively connected to the second bevel gear and the rail frame, and are used to transmit the rotation of the second bevel gear to drive the rail frame to rotate.

9. The rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The synchronous transmission structure includes a first transmission gear, a first transmission rod, a synchronous belt, a second transmission rod and a second transmission gear. The first transmission rod passes through the rail frame support plate and is connected to the first transmission gear. The first transmission rod is in transmission connection with the rail frame to drive the rail frame to rotate. The second transmission gear is connected with the second transmission rod and is in transmission connection with the first transmission gear through the synchronous belt. The second bevel gear is installed on the second transmission rod.

10. A rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test method, characterized in that: The rail transit steel rail turnout grinding simulation test device applicable to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Weigh the mold to obtain an initial weight, measure the height of the turnout rail to obtain an initial height, and collect initial shape profile information at a specified position; S2. Install the turnout rail, and adjust the position of the turnout rail by rotating the angle fixing device of the turnout swing unit relative to the angle adjustment mechanism, thereby adjusting the grinding angle of the turnout rail; S3, obtaining the positive pressure monitoring result through the pressurizing unit, and adjusting the load mechanism to set the load required for the rail grinding test according to the positive pressure monitoring result; S4, adjusting the rotation speed of the grinding tool rotating mechanism to ensure that the turnout grinding tool runs at a constant speed, adjusting the reciprocating speed of the reciprocating unit to ensure that the rotating mechanism moves at a constant speed and distance, starting the pressurizing unit to keep the turnout rail in constant contact with the turnout grinding tool under a constant load, and monitoring the temperature of the turnout rail and the turnout grinding tool during the grinding operation through the temperature monitoring mechanism; after the grinding is completed, the load mechanism is closed and reset, the grinding tool is out of contact with the rail, and the grinding stops; S5. After the grinding test, the abrasive tool is disassembled and weighed, and the mass loss and volume loss of the abrasive tool are calculated; S6. Remove the turnout rails, measure the rail profile information, calculate the rail grinding amount, and analyze the rail grinding surface quality; S7, combining the friction torque and normal pressure monitored by the torque sensor and the pressure unit during the grinding process, calculating the friction coefficient and total grinding force of the interface between the grinding tool and the rail during the grinding process; S8. The grinding performance of turnout tool is analyzed by combining the tool wear behavior, rail grinding amount, force analysis of the tool grinding process, rail grinding temperature and rail surface quality information.

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