A data collection and management system for hydrological monitoring

Abstract

The invention discloses a data acquisition and management system for hydrological monitoring. The invention acquires relevant geographic data, establishes a HEC-RAS model of a current river hydrological area, and collects and analyzes relevant parameters of the river hydrological area to obtain an estimated risk assessment index and a river ecological assessment index, thereby reflecting the flood hidden danger and water quality status of the current river hydrological area. The estimated risk assessment index or the river ecological assessment index is matched to obtain the water level risk level and the water quality abnormality level of the target river hydrological area corresponding to the current monitoring time point. Subsequently, the estimated risk assessment index or the river ecological assessment index of the target river hydrological area corresponding to each monitoring time point and the generated related levels are integrated into the established HEC-RAS model and updated, thereby realizing intelligent analysis of the collected data, and updating the established HEC-RAS model based on the results of each data analysis, thereby improving the accuracy of prediction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrological monitoring, and in particular to a data acquisition and management system for hydrological monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Since river hydrology is of great significance in practical applications, it is necessary to collect and monitor relevant data on river hydrology, that is, to monitor various hydrological related information such as water level and water quality in the river area, so as to issue early warning before flood disasters or serious river pollution occur.

[0003] However, the data collection and management system for hydrological monitoring in the prior art still has the following defects:

[0004] Most data collection management focuses on data collection and storage, but lacks intelligent data analysis. For example, corresponding models are established based on data collection, and the models are used to predict risks and anomalies. At the same time, the models can be updated based on the results of each data analysis.

[0005] The density of hydrological monitoring is not high enough, and only the parameters of the set locations can be collected unilaterally as analysis parameters, which leads to one-sided data analysis results. It only focuses on a single monitoring indicator while ignoring other related monitoring indicators. The monitoring data is not comprehensive enough, which leads to analysis errors and affects the accuracy of the model.

[0006] Therefore, a data collection and management system for hydrological monitoring is introduced. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a data acquisition and management system for hydrological monitoring, which can realize intelligent data analysis, and establish a corresponding model based on the results of data acquisition and analysis, and use the model to predict risks and anomalies to solve the problems raised by the above background technology.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solution: deploying an analysis module to establish a relevant hydrological model based on the currently monitored river hydrological area, and the specific steps are:

[0009] S1: Obtain relevant geographic data of the target river hydrological area, including the length, width and drainage area of ​​the river;

[0010] S2: Based on the collected geographic data, a relevant hydrological model, namely the HEC-RAS model, is established;

[0011] S3: Divide the target hydrological region into multiple sub-regions according to the HEC-RAS model corresponding to the target river hydrological region;

[0012] S4: At the same time, relevant hydrological monitoring equipment is deployed in each sub-area to collect relevant hydrological parameter data; the parameter data include river water level, environmental status, water quality status and water temperature;

[0013] S5: Comprehensively analyze the water level parameter data of each sub-region to obtain the water level risk value RGk of each sub-region; where k = 1, 2 or M; M is the total number of divided sub-regions; analyze the water temperature and water quality parameters of the target river hydrological area to obtain the river ecological assessment index HST; based on the comparison results of the water level risk values ​​RGk of each sub-region, further analyze the current sub-regions;

[0014] S6: If the water level risk value RGk of the current sub-region is greater than the set threshold, the environmental parameters of the current sub-region are further analyzed to obtain the estimated risk assessment index SER of the target river hydrological region;

[0015] S7: Match the estimated risk assessment index SER or river ecological assessment index HST of the target river hydrological area corresponding to the current monitoring time point with the corresponding three preset value ranges to obtain the water level risk level and water quality abnormality level of the target river hydrological area corresponding to the current monitoring time point; set each preset value range to correspond to a water level risk level or water quality abnormality level;

[0016] S8: Integrate the estimated risk assessment index SER or river ecological assessment index HST corresponding to each monitoring time point of the target river hydrological area and the generated related grades into the established HEC-RAS model for updating.

[0017] The water level data in the set time period before the current monitoring time point is collected by using the water level gauges deployed in each sub-area, and the water level data at each time point in the set time period corresponding to each sub-area is obtained; based on the water level data at each time point in the set time period corresponding to each sub-area, a simulation curve chart is constructed;

[0018] Mark the water level data points at each time point within the set time period, and connect adjacent marked points to obtain data lines; calculate the slope of each data line and the angle between it and the horizontal line. If the angle is an obtuse angle, mark the data line as a potential rise slope; if the angle is an acute angle, mark the data line as a potential drop slope; calculate the sum of the potential rise slope and the potential drop slope respectively to obtain the total potential rise value and the total potential drop value; calculate the ratio of the total potential rise value to the total potential drop value to obtain the potential change ratio WAk;

[0019] Construct the safety water level line in the curve corresponding to the safety water level data of the current sub-area, count the number of marking points above the safety water level line, and obtain the number of markings WBk; at the same time, calculate the vertical distance between the data point corresponding to each marking number WBk and the safety water level line, and calculate the average to obtain the marking mean WCk, and substitute the potential change ratio WAk, the number of markings WBk and the marking mean WCk corresponding to the set time period of the current sub-area into the formula Calculate and obtain the standard deviation estimate WYk of the current sub-region; where WF1, WF2 and WF3 represent the permissible value of the position change, the permissible number of marks and the permissible mean of marks in the corresponding sub-region respectively; aw1, aw2 and aw3 are the influence weight factors of the position change ratio WAk, the number of marks WBk and the mean of marks WCk respectively;

[0020] Extract the area enclosed by the curve segment above the safety water level and the safety water level to obtain the various ectopic areas within the set time period corresponding to the current sub-area;

[0021] Calculate the vertical distance between the highest point of each ectopic area and the safety water level line respectively, obtain the highest water level difference of each ectopic area, calculate the average of the highest water level difference of each ectopic area, and obtain the position difference mean SAk; count the number of ectopic areas in the current sub-area corresponding to the set time period, and obtain the ectopic number SBk; calculate the area of ​​each ectopic area and perform cumulative calculation to obtain the ectopic surface value SCk;

[0022] Substitute the mean position difference SAk, the number of out-of-positions SBk and the out-of-position face value SCk in the set time period corresponding to the current sub-area into the formula Calculate and obtain the position difference value SYk of the current sub-region; SF1, SF2 and SF3 represent the position difference allowable value, the number of position differences allowed and the allowable face value of position differences of the corresponding sub-region respectively; aq1, aq2 and aq3 represent the influence weight factors of the position difference mean SAk, the number of position differences SBk and the face value of position differences SCk respectively;

[0023] Use the flow meter to collect the flow velocity value of the current sub-area as the water flow velocity value GYk of the current sub-area; substitute the standard deviation estimate WYk, the position deviation estimate SYk and the water flow velocity value GYk of the current sub-area into the formula The water level risk value RGk of the current sub-area is calculated; wherein WYb, SYb and GYb represent the standard deviation reference estimate, the position deviation reference estimate and the water flow reference velocity value of the current sub-area respectively; ae1, ae2 and ae3 are the influencing weight factors of the standard deviation estimate WYk, the position deviation estimate SYk and the water flow velocity value GYk respectively;

[0024] The water level risk value RGk of the current sub-area is compared with the corresponding set threshold. If the water level risk value RGk is greater than the set threshold, the environment around each sub-area is further analyzed, specifically:

[0025] Obtain high-resolution remote sensing image data of the current sub-region through UAV remote sensing images, and construct a regional model map of the current sub-region based on the remote sensing image data; extract and classify various types of vegetation in the current sub-region to obtain the number of grasslands, trees and shrubs on the coastline of the current sub-region; set grasslands, trees and shrubs to correspond to a weight coefficient ar1, ar2 and ar3 respectively;

[0026] Based on the width and length of the branch river of the current sub-region, the shoreline area of ​​the sub-region is divided again using the shoreline area division line, and the area between the shoreline area division line and the river bank is marked as the shore area;

[0027] Get the vegetation area of ​​each grassland type within the current sub-region coastline, and add them up to get the grass surface value CMk of the current sub-region; count the number of shrubs and trees within the current sub-region coastline to get the shrub value CYk and tree value CSk of the current sub-region;

[0028] Obtain the grass surface value CAk, filling value CBk and Qiao value CHk of the current sub-area shore area in the same way as above;

[0029] At the same time, the water level risk value RGk of the current sub-area is matched with the set value range to obtain the reference values ​​of various parameters of the shoreline and the shore area of ​​the current sub-area;

[0030] Substitute the above parameters and corresponding reference values ​​into formulas (1), (2) and (3) in turn: The regional stability value GTk of the current sub-region is calculated, where CP1, CP2 and CP3 represent the grass surface reference value, the number of trees reference value and the number of trees reference value in the shoreline of the current sub-region respectively; CF1, CF2 and CF3 represent the grass surface reference value, the number of trees reference value and the number of trees reference value in the shore area of ​​the current sub-region respectively; ty1 and ty2 are the influencing weight factors of the shoreline stability value GMk and the shore stability value GVk respectively;

[0031] Calculate the difference between the water level risk value RGk of the current sub-region and the corresponding set threshold, match the obtained difference with multiple preset value ranges, and obtain the regional stable value range required for the current sub-region; set each preset value range to correspond to a regional stable value range;

[0032] Compare the regional stable value GTk of the current sub-region with the obtained regional stable value range. If the regional stable value GTk of the current sub-region is lower than the obtained regional stable value range, mark it as an abnormal sub-region. At the same time, calculate the difference between the regional stable value GTk corresponding to the current sub-region and the lowest value of the regional stable value range to obtain the stable difference value of the current sub-region.

[0033] Count the number of abnormal sub-regions in the target river hydrological area corresponding to the current monitoring time point to obtain the abnormal area value YQ; calculate the mean of the stable difference values ​​of each abnormal sub-region to obtain the stable difference mean YE; extract the maximum stable difference value in each abnormal sub-region as the stable difference peak value YX of the target river hydrological area; substitute the above parameters into the formula The estimated risk assessment index SER of the target river hydrological area is calculated; wherein Y1, Y2 and Y3 represent the preset out-of-region reference value, stable difference reference mean and stable difference reference peak value of the target river hydrological area respectively; uc1, uc2 and uc3 are the influence weight factors of the out-of-region value YQ, stable difference mean YE and stable difference peak value YX respectively;

[0034] At the same time, the water temperature and water quality of each sub-area are analyzed, specifically:

[0035] Randomly measure the water temperature values ​​at different depths at various locations in the target river hydrological area, and the number of measurement locations is X, where X ≥ 4; at the same time, sample the water at different depths at each location as the water quality reference samples for the target river hydrological area;

[0036] The mean temperature of the water body at the same depth at each location is calculated to obtain the mean temperature at different depths in the target river hydrological area. The mean temperature at each location is calculated using the standard deviation formula to obtain the temperature difference.

[0037] The mean temperature at each depth is marked as WD G , and substitute into the formula The ambient temperature estimate HW of the target river hydrological area is calculated; P is the total number of current measurement depths; WF is the optimal temperature value of the target river hydrological area, and ΔW is the average temperature WD at each depth G The allowable difference from the optimum temperature WF; gs G WD is the mean temperature at each depth X The impact weight factor of

[0038] Test the water quality reference samples at the same depth, obtain the dissolved oxygen, pH value and turbidity content in the samples, calculate the average of the dissolved oxygen, pH value and turbidity content at the same depth, and mark the average of dissolved oxygen, pH value and turbidity content as PA G PB G and PC G;

[0039] Substituting the above parameters into the formula Calculate the water quality evaluation value HT at the corresponding depth of the target river hydrological area G ; P1, P2 and P3 represent the allowable dissolved oxygen value, pH difference and turbidity value of the target river hydrological area respectively; ΔPB is PB G The difference between P1 and P2; fb1, fb2 and fb3 are the influence weight factors of dissolved oxygen, pH value and turbidity respectively;

[0040] Water quality evaluation at each depth HT G Calculate the mean value to obtain the water state estimation HV of the target river hydrological area;

[0041] At the same time, fishing nets are used to fish at each measurement location, and the captured biological samples are sorted according to species. The number of species captured is calculated to obtain the abundance estimate FA;

[0042] Count the number of dead organisms in the total number of captured organisms to obtain the number of deaths, and calculate the ratio between the number of deaths and the total number of organisms to obtain the death ratio FB;

[0043] Substitute the abundance estimate FA, death rate FB, and total number of organisms FC into the formula The ecological valuation HQ of the target river hydrological area is calculated; Fe1, Fe2 and Fe3 represent the rich reference valuation, the dead reference proportion and the total number of organisms, respectively; mk1, mk2 and mk3 represent the influence weight factors of the rich valuation FA, the dead proportion FB and the total number of organisms FC, respectively;

[0044] Substitute the ambient temperature estimate HW, water condition estimate HV and ecological estimate HQ of the target river hydrological area into the formula The river ecological assessment index HST of the target river hydrological area is calculated; dk1, dk2 and dk3 are the influencing weight factors of the ambient temperature valuation HW, the water state valuation HV and the ecological valuation HQ respectively.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] The present invention acquires relevant geographic data, establishes a HEC-RAS model of the current river hydrological area, collects and analyzes relevant parameters of the river hydrological area, obtains an estimated risk assessment index and a river ecological assessment index, thereby reflecting the flood hidden danger and water quality status of the current river hydrological area, matches the estimated risk assessment index or the river ecological assessment index, obtains the water level risk level and the water quality abnormality level of the target river hydrological area corresponding to the current monitoring time point, then integrates the estimated risk assessment index or the river ecological assessment index of the target river hydrological area corresponding to each monitoring time point and the generated related levels into the established HEC-RAS model, and updates them, thereby realizing intelligent analysis of the collected data, and updating the established HEC-RAS model based on the results of each data analysis, thereby improving the accuracy of prediction;

[0047] The present invention divides the target hydrological area into multiple sub-areas according to the HEC-RAS model corresponding to the target river hydrological area, and deploys relevant hydrological monitoring equipment in each sub-area to collect relevant hydrological parameter data, thereby solving the problem that the density of hydrological monitoring in the prior art is not enough, and the parameters of the set position can only be unilaterally collected as analysis parameters, resulting in one-sidedness of the data analysis results; at the same time, the environmental parameters and ecological environment parameters around the river hydrological area are added in the process of data analysis, which further improves the comprehensiveness of data analysis and the accuracy of model prediction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Further details, features and advantages of the present application are disclosed in the following description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0049] Figure 1 It is the principle flow chart of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a simulation curve diagram of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 This is the regional model diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] Several embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the present application. The present application can be embodied in many different forms and purposes and should not be limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the present application comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art. The embodiments do not limit the present application.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and / or this specification, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless explicitly defined as such herein.

[0054] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a data collection and management system for hydrological monitoring includes a deployment analysis module and a visualization module;

[0055] The deployment analysis module establishes relevant hydrological models based on the currently monitored river hydrological area, specifically: obtaining relevant geographic data of the target river hydrological area, including the length, width and basin area of ​​the river; establishing relevant hydrological models, namely the HEC-RAS model, based on the collected geographic data;

[0056] According to the HEC-RAS model corresponding to the target river hydrological area, the target hydrological area is divided into multiple sub-areas; at the same time, relevant hydrological monitoring equipment is deployed in each sub-area to collect relevant hydrological parameter data; the parameter data include river water level, environmental status, water quality status and water body temperature;

[0057] Comprehensively analyze the water level parameter data of each sub-area to obtain the water level risk value RGk of each sub-area; where k = 1, 2 or M; M is the total number of divided sub-areas; specifically:

[0058] The water level data in the set time period before the current monitoring time point is collected by using the water level gauges deployed in each sub-area, and the water level data at each time point in the set time period corresponding to each sub-area is obtained; based on the water level data at each time point in the set time period corresponding to each sub-area, a simulation curve chart is constructed;

[0059] Mark the water level data points at each time point within the set time period, and connect adjacent marked points to obtain data lines; calculate the slope of each data line and the angle between it and the horizontal line. If the angle is an obtuse angle, mark the data line as a potential rise slope; if the angle is an acute angle, mark the data line as a potential drop slope; calculate the sum of the potential rise slope and the potential drop slope respectively to obtain the total potential rise value and the total potential drop value; calculate the ratio of the total potential rise value to the total potential drop value to obtain the potential change ratio WAk;

[0060] Construct the safety water level line in the curve corresponding to the safety water level data of the current sub-area, count the number of marking points above the safety water level line, and obtain the number of markings WBk; at the same time, calculate the vertical distance between the data point corresponding to each marking number WBk and the safety water level line, and calculate the average to obtain the marking mean WCk, and substitute the potential change ratio WAk, the number of markings WBk and the marking mean WCk corresponding to the set time period of the current sub-area into the formula Calculate and obtain the standard deviation estimate WYk of the current sub-region; where WF1, WF2 and WF3 represent the permissible value of the position change, the permissible number of marks and the permissible mean of marks in the corresponding sub-region respectively; aw1, aw2 and aw3 are the influence weight factors of the position change ratio WAk, the number of marks WBk and the mean of marks WCk respectively;

[0061] Extract the area enclosed by the curve segment above the safety water level and the safety water level to obtain the various ectopic areas within the set time period corresponding to the current sub-area;

[0062] Calculate the vertical distance between the highest point of each ectopic area and the safety water level line respectively, obtain the highest water level difference of each ectopic area, calculate the average of the highest water level difference of each ectopic area, and obtain the position difference mean SAk; count the number of ectopic areas in the current sub-area corresponding to the set time period, and obtain the ectopic number SBk; calculate the area of ​​each ectopic area and perform cumulative calculation to obtain the ectopic surface value SCk;

[0063] Substitute the mean position difference SAk, the number of out-of-positions SBk and the out-of-position face value SCk in the set time period corresponding to the current sub-area into the formula Calculate and obtain the position difference value SYk of the current sub-region; SF1, SF2 and SF3 represent the position difference allowable value, the number of position differences allowed and the allowable face value of position differences of the corresponding sub-region respectively; aq1, aq2 and aq3 represent the influence weight factors of the position difference mean SAk, the number of position differences SBk and the face value of position differences SCk respectively;

[0064] Use the flow meter to collect the flow velocity value of the current sub-area as the water flow velocity value GYk of the current sub-area; substitute the standard deviation estimate WYk, the position deviation estimate SYk and the water flow velocity value GYk of the current sub-area into the formula The water level risk value RGk of the current sub-area is calculated; wherein WYb, SYb and GYb represent the standard deviation reference estimate, the position deviation reference estimate and the water flow reference velocity value of the current sub-area respectively; ae1, ae2 and ae3 are the influencing weight factors of the standard deviation estimate WYk, the position deviation estimate SYk and the water flow velocity value GYk respectively;

[0065] The water temperature and water quality parameters of the target river hydrological area are analyzed to obtain the river ecological assessment index HST; specifically:

[0066] Randomly measure the water temperature values ​​at different depths at various locations in the target river hydrological area, and the number of measurement locations is X, where X ≥ 4; at the same time, sample the water at different depths at each location as the water quality reference samples for the target river hydrological area;

[0067] The mean temperature of the water body at the same depth at each location is calculated to obtain the mean temperature at different depths in the target river hydrological area. The mean temperature at each location is calculated using the standard deviation formula to obtain the temperature difference.

[0068] The mean temperature at each depth is marked as WD G , and substitute into the formula The ambient temperature estimate HW of the target river hydrological area is calculated; P is the total number of current measurement depths; WF is the optimal temperature value of the target river hydrological area, and ΔW is the average temperature WD at each depth G The allowable difference from the optimum temperature WF; gs G WD is the mean temperature at each depth X The impact weight factor of

[0069] Test the water quality reference samples at the same depth, obtain the dissolved oxygen, pH value and turbidity content in the samples, calculate the average of the dissolved oxygen, pH value and turbidity content at the same depth, and mark the average of dissolved oxygen, pH value and turbidity content as PA G PB G and PC G ;

[0070] Substituting the above parameters into the formula Calculate the water quality evaluation value HT at the corresponding depth of the target river hydrological area G ; P1, P2 and P3 represent the allowable dissolved oxygen value, pH difference and turbidity value of the target river hydrological area respectively; ΔPB is PB G The difference between P1 and P2; fb1, fb2 and fb3 are the influence weight factors of dissolved oxygen, pH value and turbidity respectively;

[0071] Water quality evaluation at each depth HT G Calculate the mean value to obtain the water state estimation HV of the target river hydrological area;

[0072] At the same time, fishing nets are used to fish at each measurement location, and the captured biological samples are sorted according to species. The number of species captured is calculated to obtain the abundance estimate FA;

[0073] It should be noted that a large and diverse number of species caught may indicate good water quality, as different species of organisms have their own specific living environments and ecological roles; conversely, if only a small number of species are caught, it may mean that water quality is affected.

[0074] Count the number of dead organisms in the total number of captured organisms to obtain the number of deaths, and calculate the ratio between the number of deaths and the total number of organisms to obtain the death ratio FB;

[0075] Substitute the abundance estimate FA, death rate FB, and total number of organisms FC into the formula The ecological valuation HQ of the target river hydrological area is calculated; Fe1, Fe2 and Fe3 represent the rich reference valuation, the dead reference proportion and the total number of organisms, respectively; mk1, mk2 and mk3 represent the influence weight factors of the rich valuation FA, the dead proportion FB and the total number of organisms FC, respectively;

[0076] Substitute the ambient temperature estimate HW, water condition estimate HV and ecological estimate HQ of the target river hydrological area into the formula The river ecological assessment index HST of the target river hydrological area is calculated; dk1, dk2 and dk3 are the influencing weight factors of the ambient temperature valuation HW, the water state valuation HV and the ecological valuation HQ respectively;

[0077] Based on the comparison results of the water level risk values ​​RGk of each sub-region, if the water level risk value RGk of the current sub-region is greater than the set threshold, the environmental parameters of the current sub-region are further analyzed to obtain the estimated risk assessment index SER of the target river hydrological region; specifically:

[0078] Obtain high-resolution remote sensing image data of the current sub-region through UAV remote sensing images, and construct a regional model map of the current sub-region based on the remote sensing image data; extract and classify various types of vegetation in the current sub-region to obtain the number of grasslands, trees and shrubs on the coastline of the current sub-region; set grasslands, trees and shrubs to correspond to a weight coefficient ar1, ar2 and ar3 respectively;

[0079] Based on the width and length of the branch river of the current sub-region, the shoreline area of ​​the sub-region is divided again using the shoreline area division line, and the area between the shoreline area division line and the river bank is marked as the shore area;

[0080] Get the vegetation area of ​​each grassland type within the current sub-region coastline, and add them up to get the grass surface value CMk of the current sub-region; count the number of shrubs and trees within the current sub-region coastline to get the shrub value CYk and tree value CSk of the current sub-region;

[0081] Obtain the grass surface value CAk, filling value CBk and Qiao value CHk of the current sub-area shore area in the same way as above;

[0082] At the same time, the water level risk value RGk of the current sub-area is matched with the set value range to obtain the reference values ​​of various parameters of the shoreline and the shore area of ​​the current sub-area;

[0083] Substitute the above parameters and corresponding reference values ​​into formulas (1), (2) and (3) in turn: The regional stability value GTk of the current sub-region is calculated, where CP1, CP2 and CP3 represent the grass surface reference value, the number of trees reference value and the number of trees reference value in the shoreline of the current sub-region respectively; CF1, CF2 and CF3 represent the grass surface reference value, the number of trees reference value and the number of trees reference value in the shore area of ​​the current sub-region respectively; ty1 and ty2 are the influencing weight factors of the shoreline stability value GMk and the shore stability value GVk respectively;

[0084] Calculate the difference between the water level risk value RGk of the current sub-region and the corresponding set threshold, match the obtained difference with multiple preset value ranges, and obtain the regional stable value range required for the current sub-region; set each preset value range to correspond to a regional stable value range;

[0085] Compare the regional stable value GTk of the current sub-region with the obtained regional stable value range. If the regional stable value GTk of the current sub-region is lower than the obtained regional stable value range, mark it as an abnormal sub-region. At the same time, calculate the difference between the regional stable value GTk corresponding to the current sub-region and the lowest value of the regional stable value range to obtain the stable difference value of the current sub-region.

[0086] Count the number of abnormal sub-regions in the target river hydrological area corresponding to the current monitoring time point to obtain the abnormal area value YQ; calculate the mean of the stable difference values ​​of each abnormal sub-region to obtain the stable difference mean YE; extract the maximum stable difference value in each abnormal sub-region as the stable difference peak value YX of the target river hydrological area; substitute the above parameters into the formula The estimated risk assessment index SER of the target river hydrological area is calculated; wherein Y1, Y2 and Y3 represent the preset out-of-region reference value, stable difference reference mean and stable difference reference peak value of the target river hydrological area respectively; uc1, uc2 and uc3 are the influence weight factors of the out-of-region value YQ, stable difference mean YE and stable difference peak value YX respectively;

[0087] It should be noted that the higher the vegetation coverage and the more vegetation there is in the shore area, the higher the stability of the shoreline will usually be;

[0088] A higher vegetation coverage usually means a denser root system, which can form a stable network structure in the soil, helping to enhance the soil's resistance to impact and erosion. In addition, vegetation coverage can also slow down the flow of water, thereby reducing the impact of water on the beach and riverbank, helping to maintain the stability of the coastline.

[0089] It should be noted that when soil moisture is high, the soil has better permeability and water retention capacity, can absorb more precipitation, and gradually release it into groundwater or water bodies, thereby reducing runoff;

[0090] Match the estimated risk assessment index SER or river ecological assessment index HST of the target river hydrological area at the current monitoring time point with the corresponding three preset value ranges to obtain the water level risk level and water quality abnormality level of the target river hydrological area at the current monitoring time point; set each preset value range to correspond to a water level risk level or water quality abnormality level;

[0091] The estimated risk assessment index SER or river ecological assessment index HST corresponding to each monitoring time point in the target river hydrological area and the generated related grades are integrated into the established HEC-RAS model for updating.

[0092] The visualization module is used to display the generated corresponding levels and the corresponding governance strategies.

[0093] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A data collection and management system for hydrological monitoring, characterized in that: include: Deployment analysis module: used to obtain relevant data of the currently monitored river hydrological area and establish relevant hydrological models. The specific steps are as follows: S1: Obtain relevant geographic data of the target river hydrological area, including the length, width and drainage area of ​​the river; S2: Based on the collected geographic data, a relevant hydrological model, namely the HEC-RAS model, is established; S3: Divide the target hydrological region into multiple sub-regions according to the HEC-RAS model corresponding to the target river hydrological region; S4: At the same time, relevant hydrological monitoring equipment is deployed in each sub-area to collect relevant hydrological parameter data; the parameter data include river water level, environmental status, water quality status and water temperature; S5: Comprehensively analyze the water level parameter data of each sub-region to obtain the water level risk value of each sub-region; analyze the water temperature and water quality parameters of the target river hydrological area to obtain the river ecological assessment index; based on the comparison results of the water level risk values ​​of each sub-region, further analyze the current sub-regions; S6: If the water level risk value of the current sub-region is greater than the set threshold, the environmental parameters of the current sub-region are further analyzed to obtain the estimated risk assessment index SER of the target river hydrological region; S7: Match the estimated risk assessment index SER or river ecological assessment index of the target river hydrological area corresponding to the current monitoring time point with the corresponding three preset value ranges, and obtain the water level risk level or water quality abnormality level of the target river hydrological area corresponding to the current monitoring time point; set each preset value range to correspond to a water level risk level or water quality abnormality level; S8: Integrate the estimated risk assessment index SER or river ecological assessment index corresponding to each monitoring time point of the target river hydrological area and the generated related grades into the established HEC-RAS model for updating; Specific steps for analyzing the water level parameter data of each sub-area: The water level data in the set time period before the current monitoring time point is collected by using the water level gauges deployed in each sub-area, and the water level data at each time point in the set time period corresponding to each sub-area is obtained; based on the water level data at each time point in the set time period corresponding to each sub-area, a simulation curve chart is constructed; Mark the water level data points at each time point within the set time period, and connect adjacent marked points to obtain data lines; calculate the slope of each data line and the angle between it and the horizontal line. If the angle is an obtuse angle, mark the data line as a potential rise slope; if the angle is an acute angle, mark the data line as a potential drop slope; calculate the sum of the potential rise slope and the potential drop slope respectively to obtain the total potential rise value and the total potential drop value; calculate the ratio of the total potential rise value to the total potential drop value to obtain the potential change ratio WAk; Construct the safety water level line in the curve corresponding to the safety water level data of the current sub-area, count the number of marking points above the safety water level line, and obtain the number of markings WBk; at the same time, calculate the vertical distance between the data point corresponding to each marking number WBk and the safety water level line, and calculate the average to obtain the marking mean WCk, and substitute the potential change ratio WAk, the number of markings WBk and the marking mean WCk corresponding to the set time period of the current sub-area into the formula , calculate and obtain the standard deviation estimate WYk of the current sub-region; where WF1, WF2 and WF3 represent the permissible value of the position change, the permissible number of marks and the permissible mean of marks of the corresponding sub-region respectively; aw1, aw2 and aw3 are the influence weight factors of the position change ratio WAk, the number of marks WBk and the mean of marks WCk respectively; Specific steps 2 for analyzing the water level parameter data of each sub-area: Extract the area enclosed by the curve segment above the safety water level and the safety water level to obtain the various ectopic areas within the set time period corresponding to the current sub-area; Calculate the vertical distance between the highest point of each ectopic area and the safety water level line respectively, obtain the highest water level difference of each ectopic area, calculate the average of the highest water level difference of each ectopic area, and obtain the position difference mean SAk; count the number of ectopic areas in the current sub-area corresponding to the set time period, and obtain the ectopic number SBk; calculate the area of ​​each ectopic area and perform cumulative calculation to obtain the ectopic surface value SCk; Substitute the mean position difference SAk, the number of out-of-positions SBk and the out-of-position face value SCk in the set time period corresponding to the current sub-area into the formula , calculate and obtain the position difference value SYk of the current sub-region; where SF1, SF2 and SF3 represent the position difference allowable value, the number of allowable positions and the allowable face value of positions in the corresponding sub-region respectively; aq1, aq2 and aq3 represent the influence weight factors of the position difference mean SAk, the number of positions SBk and the face value of positions SCk respectively; The velocity value of the current sub-area is collected by using a velocity meter as the water velocity value GYk of the current sub-area; the standard deviation estimate WYk, the position deviation estimate SYk and the water velocity value GYk of the current sub-area are comprehensively analyzed to obtain the water level risk value RGk of the current sub-area; Based on the comparison results of the water level risk values ​​of each sub-area, further analysis of the environment around each sub-area is carried out: Obtain high-resolution remote sensing image data of the current sub-region through UAV remote sensing images, and construct a regional model map of the current sub-region based on the remote sensing image data; extract and classify various types of vegetation in the current sub-region to obtain the number of grasslands, trees and shrubs on the coastline of the current sub-region; set grasslands, trees and shrubs to correspond to a weight coefficient ar1, ar2 and ar3 respectively; Based on the width and length of the branch river of the current sub-region, the shoreline area of ​​the sub-region is divided again using the shoreline area division line, and the area between the shoreline area division line and the river bank is marked as the shore area; Get the vegetation area of ​​each grassland type within the current sub-region coastline, and add them up to get the grass surface value CMk of the current sub-region; count the number of shrubs and trees within the current sub-region coastline to get the shrub value CYk and tree value CSk of the current sub-region; Obtain the grass surface value CAk, filling value CBk and Qiao value CHk of the current sub-area shore area in the same way as above; At the same time, the water level risk value of the current sub-area is matched with the set value range to obtain the reference values ​​of various parameters of the shoreline and the shore area of ​​the current sub-area; Substitute the above parameters and corresponding reference values ​​into formulas (1), (2) and (3) in turn: , calculate and obtain the regional stability value GTk of the current sub-region, where CP1, CP2 and CP3 respectively represent the grass surface reference value, the number of trees reference value and the number of trees reference value in the shoreline of the current sub-region; CF1, CF2 and CF3 respectively represent the grass surface reference value, the number of trees reference value and the number of trees reference value in the shore area of ​​the current sub-region; ty1 and ty2 are the influencing weight factors of the shoreline stability value GMk and the shore stability value GVk; The estimated risk assessment index of the target river hydrological area is obtained. The specific steps are as follows: Calculate the difference between the water level risk value of the current sub-region and the corresponding set threshold, match the obtained difference with multiple preset value ranges, and obtain the required regional stable value range of the current sub-region; Set each preset value range to correspond to a regional stable value range; Compare the regional stable value GTk of the current sub-region with the obtained regional stable value range. If the regional stable value GTk of the current sub-region is lower than the obtained regional stable value range, mark it as an abnormal sub-region. At the same time, calculate the difference between the regional stable value GTk corresponding to the current sub-region and the lowest value of the regional stable value range to obtain the stable difference value of the current sub-region. Count the number of abnormal sub-regions in the target river hydrological area corresponding to the current monitoring time point to obtain the abnormal area value YQ; calculate the mean of the stable difference values ​​of each abnormal sub-region to obtain the stable difference mean YE; extract the maximum stable difference value in each abnormal sub-region as the stable difference peak value YX of the target river hydrological area; substitute the above parameters into the formula , the estimated risk assessment index SER of the target river hydrological area is calculated; where Y1, Y2 and Y3 represent the preset out-of-region reference values, stable difference reference mean and stable difference reference peak values ​​of the target river hydrological area respectively; uc1, uc2 and uc3 are the influence weight factors of the out-of-region value YQ, stable difference mean YE and stable difference peak value YX respectively.

2. A data acquisition and management system for hydrological monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: Analyze the water temperature and water quality of each sub-area. The specific steps are as follows: Randomly measure the water temperature values ​​at different depths at various locations in the target river hydrological area, and the number of measurement locations is X, where X ≥ 4; at the same time, sample the water at different depths at each location as the water quality reference samples for the target river hydrological area; The mean temperature of the water body at the same depth at each location is calculated to obtain the mean temperature at different depths in the target river hydrological area. The mean temperature at each location is calculated using the standard deviation formula to obtain the temperature difference. A comprehensive analysis is performed on the mean temperature at each depth to obtain the estimated ambient temperature of the target river hydrological area. Water quality reference samples at the same depth are tested to obtain the dissolved oxygen, pH value and turbidity content in the samples, respectively. The mean of the dissolved oxygen, pH value and turbidity content at the same depth is calculated, and a comprehensive analysis is performed on the obtained mean values ​​of dissolved oxygen, pH value and turbidity content to obtain the water quality evaluation at the corresponding depth of the target river hydrological area; the mean of the water quality evaluation at each depth is calculated to obtain the water condition estimation of the target river hydrological area.

3. A data acquisition and management system for hydrological monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The river ecological assessment index of the target river hydrological area is obtained by the following specific steps: At the same time, fishing nets are used to fish at each measurement location, and the captured biological samples are sorted by species, and the number of captured biological species is calculated to obtain a richness estimate; the number of dead organisms in the total number of captured organisms is counted to obtain the number of deaths, and the ratio between the number of deaths and the total number of organisms is calculated to obtain the death rate; a comprehensive analysis is conducted on the richness estimate, the death rate, and the total number of organisms to obtain the ecological estimate of the target river hydrological area; A comprehensive analysis is conducted on the ambient temperature valuation, water condition valuation and ecological valuation of the target river hydrological area to obtain the river ecological assessment index of the target river hydrological area.

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