A device and method for realizing constellation communication

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for realizing constellation communication, and belongs to the technical field of satellite communication network. The device includes: communication interconnection equipment, MSC and radio frequency baseband module carried on the satellite, and a constellation network is constructed by carrying devices on each satellite. The ground network management center implements network management and status update for the satellite and the entire satellite network through a dedicated network management tunnel, and the ground authentication center implements contract user authentication and service management for the terminal or ground station connected to the constellation network. The satellite in orbit realizes network access to the ground station, gateway station and UE user ground terminal on the ground through the constellation network, transmits the service requests of the ground users and the network data accessed by the ISP operator, and realizes satellite constellation data transmission with strong real-time performance, large capacity and high availability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a device and a method for realizing constellation communication, relates to the technology of satellite communication network, and belongs to the technical field of electrical communication. Background Art

[0002] At present, satellite communication systems are mainly used in satellite Internet services, and are divided into narrowband satellite communication systems and broadband satellite communication systems. The system standards of narrowband satellite communication systems usually refer to the standards of ground communication systems, and the system standards of broadband satellite communication systems modify the original broadband multimedia standard protocol (DVB). The low degree of standardization of the system standard protocols of satellite communication systems leads to a small application scope of satellite communication systems. Broadband satellite communication systems have many shortcomings: first, the existing protocols cannot support the coexistence of multiple different services, with multiple systems, incompatibility, small industrial scale, high cost, and no scale economy advantage; second, the air interface design resource scheduling flexibility of the existing protocols is insufficient, and the efficiency and reliability are low, the service quality control is weak, the service quality cannot be guaranteed, and it cannot support complex services; third, although the existing protocols have achieved the standardization of the underlying protocols of basic air interface transmission, they rarely involve the upper layer protocol standards, system construction, testing, etc. of the system, and lack the necessary capabilities to support network switching, flexible transmission architecture, intersatellite interface, network security and other networking.

[0003] From 2017 to 2022, ITU, 3GPP and ETSI vigorously carried out and promoted the exploration of satellite Internet constellation networking based on 5G / 6G systems, which opened the prelude to the integration of satellite Internet and terrestrial cellular system systems.

[0004] Focusing on achieving wider coverage and meeting user access service needs through complementary advantages between satellite and terrestrial mobile networks, 3GPP began to study satellite communications from R14, classified satellite networks into the category of non-terrestrial networks (NTN). In R15, it was clearly stated that supporting satellite access is a 5G system requirement, and three main service categories of NTN-5G systems, such as service continuity, service universality, and service scalability, were defined. In R16, a study project (SI, Study Item) was established to support NTN solutions for the new air interface (NR, New Radio), and the architecture of three satellite access 5G systems, namely transparent access, DU on satellite, and NR on satellite, were clarified. In R17, the impact of satellite access on the core network and the solution were studied and evaluated. R18 studied the enhanced features of satellite and 5G integration, such as satellite access multi-connection, core network on satellite, and on-satellite edge computing, and further promoted the evolution of the integration of 5G and satellite network. However, the bent-pipe forwarding transmission architecture adopted by the 3GPP NTN standard can no longer meet the communication requirements of constellation networks for real-time, reliable and high-capacity data transmission.

[0005] The Sat5G Alliance, established by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute in June 2017, explores the feasibility of integrating satellites into 5G networks. Its main work includes implementing NFV / SDN technology in satellite 5G networks, studying satellite / 5G multi-link and heterogeneous transmission technology, integrating the control and data planes of satellite networks and 5G networks, integrating satellite / 5G network management and operation and maintenance technology, and expanding 5G security technology in satellite communications. The Starlink required by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute's solution to integrate satellites into 5G networks needs to be used in conjunction with ground base stations, which cannot meet the low latency requirements of constellation communications.

[0006] Starlink Direct to Cell is a technology launched by SpaceX that uses a low-orbit satellite network to provide communication services for existing LTE mobile phones. The Starlink Direct to Cell service in the United States is still in the testing phase and has not yet been officially commercialized. SpaceX has deployed Starlink satellites in more than 50 countries and regions around the world, providing broadband Internet access services to more than 1.5 million users. The Starlink official website has opened the commercial service section of the Starlink Direct to Cell service, which is expected to realize SMS sending in 2024, voice calls and Internet access (Data) in 2025, and the Internet of Things (IOT) in stages in the same year. The mobile operators and countries cooperating in this business include: T-Mobile (United States), ROGERS (Canada), KDDI (Japan), OPTUS (Australia), ONE NZ (New Zealand), SALT (Switzerland).

[0007] The core of Starlink's direct mobile phone service is to install a small base station based on the LTE standard on the satellite, and realize direct communication between the satellite and the mobile phone by sharing a frequency band with the ground base station. In this way, users can enjoy satellite communication services within the coverage of Starlink without changing their mobile phones or installing special applications.

[0008] The main advantage of Starlink's direct mobile phone service is that it can expand the coverage and user base of satellite communications, especially for areas where ground base station signals are unstable or lacking, such as remote mountainous areas, oceans, disaster areas, etc. In addition, Starlink's direct mobile phone service can also improve the reliability and security of satellite communications because it reduces the intermediate forwarding links and reduces signal delays and interference.

[0009] The main disadvantage of Starlink's direct mobile phone service is that it is technically difficult and requires solving many problems such as satellite networking, measurement and control, antennas, and frequency allocation. At present, SpaceX is still in the testing phase and can only provide limited frequency bands and data rates. It cannot support high-speed broadband services and is only suitable for transmitting simple text, pictures, keys and other information. In addition, Starlink's direct mobile phone service also needs to obtain frequency authorization and supervision from various countries such as the FCC, and may encounter policy and legal obstacles. In addition, Starlink's direct mobile phone service also faces challenges in compatibility and competitiveness with ground networks, and needs to cooperate and coordinate with various operators to ensure user experience and service quality.

[0010] At present, the problems faced by Starlink's direct-to-mobile phone service include: high-speed dynamic changes in network topology, transparent forwarding and regeneration mode deployment in the NTN specification, new routing system problems for dynamic mesh networks, and computing power integration problems.

[0011] Due to the rapid movement of low-orbit satellites, the satellite network topology is in a high-speed dynamic change. On the one hand, it causes problems such as large performance changes and poor robustness of satellite-to-ground / inter-satellite communication links; on the other hand, there is also the problem of satellite users in low-orbit satellite networks frequently switching between satellites due to frequent changes in service satellites. At the same time, the high-speed dynamic change of satellite network topology also means that the establishment and maintenance of satellite-to-ground / inter-satellite routing in the integrated space-ground network is challenging in terms of efficiency, reliability and security. The above problems lead to challenges in the full-area coverage and business collaboration of the integrated space-ground network.

[0012] The transparent forwarding mode has the lowest requirements on satellite capabilities. The satellite is only used as the radio frequency extension of the ground NTN base station, which is easy to coordinate with the ground network and has a low cost. The satellite in the regeneration mode has strong on-board processing capabilities. With the help of inter-satellite links, the satellite network can reduce the dependence of the satellite network on the ground network. It has stronger performance and flexibility. In actual deployment, some or all network functions can be put on the satellite on demand. Among them, the base station DU or the base station on the satellite cooperates with the inter-satellite link networking to further reduce the access delay; UPF+MEC / CDN on the satellite realizes direct on-board switching and nearby routing to meet the needs of low-latency and large-bandwidth services; AMF+SMF on the satellite realizes nearby processing on the satellite, reduces access delay, and can provide emergency basic communication capabilities when the ground network fails. In the case of multi-track fusion, the regeneration network element can be flexibly deployed in different orbits. Through the layered networking architecture, the number of satellite forwarding hops is reduced, the transmission routing and network transmission are simplified, and the network architecture is simplified.

[0013] The high, medium and low orbit constellations are heterogeneous, and traditional IP is difficult to solve problems such as topological dynamics and resource heterogeneity. By establishing a new routing system for dynamic mesh networks, dividing the surface blocks based on the satellite motion trajectory, and constructing a hierarchical IPv4 / v6 routing system, addressing and mobility can be decoupled, avoiding frequent switching of user IP addresses and gateway address conversion, maintaining address stability under dynamic connections, and realizing unified addressing and multi-level routing under multi-layer hetero-orbit hybrid networking with decoupling of high, medium and low orbit constellations, thus building a space-ground integrated network.

[0014] The fusion of communication and computing is the application of edge computing, federated learning and other technologies to the scenario of general computing fusion. The integrated space-ground network can carry a certain weight of computing and communication loads. By sending computing tasks to the edge computing nodes on the satellite, the edge computing nodes are equipped with more computing power to perform computing tasks, thereby effectively reducing system latency, improving communication efficiency, and improving system throughput and stability. The current research theory and architecture are concentrated on the satellite edge computing system. The key technologies include the basic satellite edge computing structure design, the general computing fusion business scenario design, and so on. At the same time, in response to the needs of satellite perception data computing, we can explore the framework technologies based on satellite distributed cloud computing, edge computing, and collaborative perception and computing model construction technology to improve the computing efficiency and perception accuracy on the satellite.

[0015] In summary, the present invention aims to propose a device that can solve multiple access / data processing problems on board, so that each satellite has the functions of base station + MEC / CDN / APP + UPF + new routing system, and the ability to form a large-scale high-performance constellation through laser (or microwave) mesh interconnection. Summary of the invention

[0016] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a device and method for realizing constellation communication in a direct to cell mode of mobile phone satellite connection, so as to realize constellation access of various terminals including but not limited to user ground terminals UE, ground stations, and ground gateways through constellation networking, a ground network management center, and a ground authentication center, and to realize a high-availability constellation network system through the collaboration of terminals, constellation star network, a ground network management center, and an authentication center, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing direct to cell phone satellite Internet networking solution cannot realize constellation star network data transmission with strong real-time performance, large capacity, and high availability.

[0017] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve the above-mentioned invention objectives:

[0018] A device for realizing constellation communication, comprising: communication interconnection equipment carried on a satellite, multiple access satellite-borne computing devices and a radio frequency baseband module; wherein,

[0019] The communication interconnection equipment forms an X-axis ring intersatellite communication link with the communication interconnection equipment carried on the satellite in the front and rear direction of the X-axis, forms a Y-axis intersatellite communication link with the communication interconnection equipment carried on the satellite in the left and right direction of the Y-axis, and forms a Z-axis adjacent orbit space communication link with the communication interconnection equipment carried on the satellite in the upper and lower direction of the Z-axis, and receives mesh network data from six directions: the front and rear of the X-axis, the left and right of the Y-axis, and the upper and lower directions of the Z-axis. The mesh network data includes but is not limited to: ground terminal equipment data plane data, protection switching detection data, constellation network management data, ground terminal equipment authentication data, RF baseband module adjacent area Xn switching data, and tenant-specific tunnel data;

[0020] Multiple access onboard computing devices pre-process received network data, quickly detect fault-free intersatellite communication links and perform protection switching, establish tunnels between multiple access onboard computing devices receiving network data and fault-free communication interconnection equipment, and route and forward pre-processed network data in a constellation network consisting of tunnels established by multiple access onboard computing devices carried on each satellite;

[0021] The RF baseband module is used for network access and control of ground terminal equipment, forwarding and routing data on the data plane of ground terminal equipment, and receiving, routing and forwarding business data transmitted by the RF baseband module carried by adjacent satellites.

[0022] As a further optimization scheme for realizing constellation communication, the multiple access onboard computing devices carried on the satellite include: user data plane module, switching routing protection switching module, radio frequency control plane, routing protection control plane, network management module and APP module; among them,

[0023] The user data plane module is used to monitor the data plane traffic of the ground terminal equipment forwarded by the radio frequency baseband module, and to group the data plane data of the ground terminal equipment forwarded by the radio frequency baseband module based on deep data processing and transmit it to the switching routing protection switching module;

[0024] The switching routing protection switching module is used to perform fault detection on the communication interconnection equipment in the constellation network and execute the protection switching instruction after the fault is detected, and send the routing table update instruction to the routing protection control plane, and establish the data plane tunnel, protection switching tunnel, network management tunnel, authentication tunnel, neighboring area Xn tunnel, tenant tunnel between various access satellite computing devices that forward network data and the fault-free communication interconnection equipment according to the real-time updated routing table, transmit the initialization network management data of the ground network management center to the network management module through the network management tunnel, and execute the switching recovery operation instruction according to the network parameters in the network management module after the fault is restored;

[0025] The radio frequency control plane is used to perform user signing and network element registration and authentication to the ground authentication center through the authentication tunnel established by the switching routing protection switching module;

[0026] A routing protection control plane, used to update the routing table after receiving a routing table update instruction, send the updated routing table to the switching routing protection switching module, and run the switching routing protocol;

[0027] The network management module is used to transmit the received initialization network management data to the managed modules and circuits, manage the user data plane module, the switching routing protection switching module, the radio frequency control plane, the routing protection control plane, and the APP module, and the management of the user data plane module, the switching routing protection switching module, the radio frequency control plane, the routing protection control plane, and the APP module includes but is not limited to: initialization configuration, default value preset, network element startup, restart, suspension, shutdown operations, firmware or software upgrade and update, device routing planning and configuration, protection switching mode configuration; and manage other components and network connections on the MSC;

[0028] APP module, features for running operator and / or third-party apps and applications.

[0029] As a further optimization solution for a device for realizing constellation communication, the switching routing protection switching module includes:

[0030] A fault detection module is used to send a detection packet to the communication interconnection devices in the constellation network, and when at least one communication interconnection device does not respond within the expected time, perform a protection switching operation after locating at least one communication interconnection device, and execute a switching recovery operation instruction according to the network parameters in the network management module after the fault is repaired;

[0031] A switching routing module, used to obtain an updated routing table from a routing protection control plane as a forwarding plane of a switching router;

[0032] The tunnel termination module is used to establish a tunnel between the MSC that forwards network data and the trouble-free communication interconnection device according to the updated routing table.

[0033] As a further optimization solution for a device for realizing constellation communication, the radio frequency control plane includes: a session management module, a mobility management module and a policy control module; wherein,

[0034] The session management module is used to receive a session establishment request and / or a session release request from a ground terminal device, allocate network resources to the ground terminal device after processing the session establishment request and determine the communication path between the ground terminal device and the constellation network, release the network resources used by the ground terminal device after processing the session release request, send the session status of the ground terminal device to the policy control module, execute the policy rules issued by the policy control module, and issue an updated ground terminal device network resource table to the data plane module;

[0035] The mobility management module is used to predict the location of the ground terminal device based on the historical data of the ground terminal device, decide the destination RF baseband module for the ground terminal device to access the constellation network, execute the policy rules issued by the policy control module, send the ground terminal device data received by the source RF baseband module to the destination RF baseband module through the neighbor Xn tunnel, and send the location update information of the ground terminal device and the information attached with the mobility event to the policy control module;

[0036] The policy control module is used to formulate and execute network policies, update policy rules according to changes in network resources and mobility events of ground terminal devices, and send the updated policy rules to the mobility management module and session management module.

[0037] As a further optimization scheme for a device to realize constellation communication, the data plane tunnel is used to carry business data of ground stations, ground gateways, and ground terminal equipment, including but not limited to: a data plane tunnel across one satellite for carrying business data between ground terminal equipment accessing different satellites, a data plane tunnel across multiple satellites for carrying business data between ground terminal equipment accessing different satellites, a data plane tunnel across multiple satellites for carrying business data between ground terminal equipment accessing different satellites and ground gateways, and a data plane tunnel for carrying business data between ground terminal equipment accessing the same satellite.

[0038] As a further optimization scheme for a device to realize constellation communication, the protection switching tunnel is used to carry the protection switching detection data of the communication interconnection equipment, specifically: the switching routing protection switching module of the various access satellite computing devices that forward the network data periodically sends fault detection messages to the opposite communication interconnection equipment in six directions of front and back of the X axis, left and right of the Y axis, and up and down of the Z axis through the communication interconnection equipment deployed on the same satellite. When the various access satellite computing devices connected to the opposite communication interconnection equipment generate a detection message response, the opposite communication interconnection device that feeds back the detection message response to the various access satellite computing devices that forward the network data is a fault-free communication interconnection device. When the various access satellite computing devices that forward the network data continue to fail to receive the detection message response, they continue to perform fault detection and protection switching until a fault-free communication interconnection device connected to the various access satellite computing devices that receive the detection message is detected.

[0039] As a further optimization scheme for a device to realize constellation communication, the network management tunnel is used to carry the network management business data of the ground network management center, specifically: after the constellation network receives the network management data, the radio frequency baseband module sends the network management data to a plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices carried on a satellite, and the plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices receiving the network management data send the network management data to the switching routing protection switching module, and when the destination satellite of the network management data is the current satellite carried by the plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices receiving the network management data, the switching routing protection switching module forwards the network management data to the network management module that interacts with the plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices receiving the network management data, and then the network management module that interacts with the plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices receiving the network management data forwards the network management data to each managed module and circuit; if the destination satellite is another satellite, the switching routing protection switching module that interacts with the plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices receiving the network management data forwards the received network management data to the plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices carried on the destination satellite through the communication interconnection device routing.

[0040] As a further optimization scheme for a device to realize constellation communication, the authentication tunnel is used to carry the contract data and network element registration data of the ground authentication center. Specifically, the constellation network receives the authentication service data from the ground gateway, and sends the authentication service data to a plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices carried on a satellite through the radio frequency baseband module. The plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices receiving the authentication service data send the authentication service data to the switching routing protection switching module. When the destination satellite is the current satellite carried by the plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices receiving the authentication service data, the switching routing protection switching module forwards the authentication service data to the radio frequency control plane module that interacts with the plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices that receive the authentication service data. If the destination satellite is another satellite, the switching routing protection switching module that interacts with the plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices that receive the authentication service data forwards the received authentication service data to the radio frequency control plane module of the plurality of access satellite-borne computing devices carried on the destination satellite through a fault-free communication interconnection device.

[0041] As a further optimization scheme for a device for realizing constellation communication, the neighboring area Xn tunnel is used to carry the neighboring area data of the radio frequency baseband module, specifically: the ground terminal equipment reports the Xn service data with the signal strength of the baseband radio frequency module deployed on the neighboring satellite to the source baseband radio frequency module, the source radio frequency baseband module sends the Xn service data to the user data plane module of the source satellite multiple access onboard computing device, the user data plane module of the source satellite multiple access onboard computing device forwards the received Xn service data to the switching routing protection switching module of the source satellite, when the destination satellite is an adjacent satellite, the switching routing protection switching module of the source satellite forwards the Xn service data to the user data plane module of the multiple access onboard computing device of the adjacent satellite through the fault-free communication interconnection equipment on the adjacent satellite, if the destination satellite is other satellites, then the switching routing protection switching module of the source satellite multiple access onboard computing device routes and forwards the received Xn service data to the user data plane module of the multiple access onboard computing device of other satellites through the fault-free communication interconnection equipment on other satellites, and the multiple access onboard computing devices of other satellites then forward the received Xn service data to the radio frequency baseband modules connected to the multiple access onboard computing devices of other satellites.

[0042] A method for implementing constellation communication comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1, configure the source ground terminal equipment and each RF baseband unit of the constellation network to support the communication protocol;

[0044] S2, networking the constellation network through the above-mentioned devices, configuring the network parameters of various access onboard computing devices carried by each satellite through the ground network management center, and establishing the connection between the source ground terminal equipment and the radio frequency baseband module in the constellation network;

[0045] S3, performing network element registration and communication parameter negotiation between the source ground terminal equipment and the radio frequency baseband module in the constellation network;

[0046] S4, establishing an authentication channel between the ground authentication center and the various access satellite computing devices in the constellation network, verifying the communication authority of the source ground terminal device, and transmitting the communication data to the ground gateway through the various access satellite computing devices and the fault-free communication interconnection device deployed on the same satellite as the connected RF baseband unit when the source ground terminal device has the communication authority;

[0047] S5: Communication data is transmitted to the destination ground terminal equipment via the ground gateway.

[0048] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] (1) The device proposed in the present invention realizes 3D intersatellite mesh networking through the communication interconnection equipment, MSC and radio frequency baseband module carried on the satellite, realizes a new routing system function, solves the problems faced in the establishment and maintenance of satellite-to-ground / intersatellite routing in the integrated network of the earth and the sky in terms of efficiency, reliability and security, and overcomes the problem that traditional IP is difficult to solve the dynamic nature of traditional routing topology.

[0050] (2) The device proposed in the present invention processes network data through the MSC carried by each satellite and establishes tunnels that carry different business data, so as to realize the on-board transmission of all network and business functions, reduce the delay of the constellation communication system and the transmission delay of data messages, improve communication efficiency, and enhance system throughput and stability.

[0051] (3) The device proposed in the present invention establishes a tunnel that carries network management data through the MSC carried by each satellite, and cooperates with the ground network management center to realize the initial configuration of the constellation network and the subsequent network management of each functional body of the MSC, thereby realizing the basic configuration of the entire constellation network and the loading, updating and upgrading of system firmware.

[0052] (4) The device proposed in the present invention detects faulty communication interconnection equipment and switches data stream transmission paths through the built-in routing protection switching function of MSC, ensuring that the satellite network topology is in high-speed dynamic change. Even if a satellite fails, it will not affect the data connection of the constellation system, thereby achieving high availability of the constellation network.

[0053] (5) The device proposed in the present invention realizes the integration of communication and computing through the MSC device, realizes the access of multiple terminals to one device, solves the technical problems of framework technologies such as distributed cloud computing and fog computing on board, and the construction of collaborative perception and computing models, and improves the computing efficiency and perception accuracy on board.

[0054] (6) The above-mentioned MSC device can further reduce the access delay, realize direct on-board switching and local routing, meet the needs of low-latency and large-bandwidth services, realize local processing on the satellite, reduce the access delay, and provide emergency basic communication capabilities when the ground network fails. In the case of multi-orbit integration, regeneration network elements can be flexibly deployed in different orbits. Through the layered mesh networking architecture, the number of satellite forwarding hops can be reduced, the transmission routing and network transmission are simplified, and the network architecture is simplified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 The schematic diagram is a satellite equipped with the MSC device of the present invention to form a constellation.

[0056] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the communication between the MSC device and peripheral equipment proposed in the present invention.

[0057] Figure 3This is a functional module diagram of the MSC device proposed in the present invention.

[0058] Figure 4 This is a functional module diagram of the data plane tunnel of the MSC device proposed in the present invention.

[0059] Figure 5 It is a functional module diagram of the Xn tunnel between adjacent satellites of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 6 This is a functional module diagram of the switching routing protection switching module of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 7 This is a functional module diagram of the radio frequency control plane of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the ground authentication center of the present invention authenticating the radio frequency control plane of the entire constellation.

[0063] Fig. 9 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the ground authentication center of the present invention authenticating the radio frequency control plane of the MSC.

[0064] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the ground network management center of the present invention realizing the network management function of the network management module of the MSC device of the entire constellation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, each satellite is equipped with a multi-access satellite computing (MSC) device for realizing satellite communication of the present invention. The MSC device on each satellite is connected to a communication interconnection device and a radio frequency baseband module. The MSC device and the communication interconnection device and the radio frequency baseband module connected thereto constitute the device for realizing the star network constellation of the present invention. Figure 1To form a constellation, the MSC communicates with satellites in the same orbital plane through separate communication links. One satellite communicates with satellites in adjacent orbital planes in the left and right directions of the Y axis through inter-satellite communication links. One satellite communicates with satellites in different orbital planes, ground gateways or aircraft in the up and down directions of the Z axis through adjacent orbital space communication links. Therefore, the MSC device has at least 6 communication links with external links to exchange inter-satellite link data (ISL, Inter-Switch Link). Figure 1 In the satellite constellation shown, the communication interconnection equipment is a laser interconnection equipment or a microwave interconnection equipment. In this embodiment, a laser or a microwave transceiver is selected. A point-to-point X-axis circular intersatellite laser link or intersatellite microwave link is formed between satellites in the same orbital plane, a point-to-point Y-axis intersatellite laser link or intersatellite microwave link is formed between satellites in adjacent orbital planes, and a point-to-point Z-axis adjacent orbital space laser link or space microwave link is formed between satellites in orbital planes of different altitudes. The UE / ground station accesses the satellite constellation through a radio frequency baseband module. The ground authentication center and the ground network management center access the satellite constellation through communication interconnection equipment or radio frequency baseband modules. The ground gateway station establishes a physical connection to access the constellation through laser or radio frequency. The ground gateway station and the satellite both establish a network connection for the constellation through the MSC device.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the MSC device is connected to the RF baseband module, and the RF baseband signal received or sent by the RF baseband module is used to realize the network access and control of the UE / ground station, manage the control plane of the UE / ground station, and complete the forwarding and routing of the UE / ground station data plane data. The MSC device is connected to the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver, and routes and forwards network data from a total of 6 directions, namely, the front and back of the X axis, the left and right of the Y axis, and the up and down of the Z axis. The network data in a total of 6 directions, namely, the front and back of the X axis, the left and right of the Y axis, and the up and down of the Z axis, include but are not limited to: UE authentication data, neighboring cell Xn switching data of the RF baseband module, user data plane data, constellation network management data, protection switching detection data, and tenant-specific tunnel data.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, the MSC device consists of a switching routing protection switching module, a user data plane module, a radio frequency control plane including a satellite core network, a routing protection control plane, a network management module, and an APP module. Among them, the switching routing protection switching module, the network management module, and the routing protection control plane are used to realize the functions of routing protection monitoring and controlling the on-off of the laser; the user data plane module and the radio frequency control plane are used to process the radio frequency microwave signal transmitted by the radio frequency baseband module; the APP module is used to realize the operation of other functional software of the constellation operator and third-party tenants, such as special encryption software, customized high-precision positioning service apps and applications, etc.

[0069] The switching routing protection switching module is essentially an LDP / SR router, which supports LDP tunnel technology and Segment Routing technology by default. SR technology has evolved from IPv4 to SRv6. LDP tunnel / SR technology natively supports mesh networking, which will not be described in this article. The switching routing protection switching module can realize the functions of routing, link and tunnel protection switching. The switching routing protection switching module is used to route and forward network data from a total of six directions, namely, front and back of the X axis, left and right of the Y axis, and up and down of the Z axis. It aggregates and quickly converges these routing data, quickly detects faults and performs protection switching. It establishes a neighboring cell tunnel Xn between the MSC that forwards data and the fault-free intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver, forwards data through the fault-free intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver, and can establish tunnels for carrying different business data between the MSC that forwards data and the fault-free intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver. Tunnels that carry different business data include but are not limited to: data plane tunnels, protection switching tunnels, network management tunnels, authentication tunnels, neighboring cell Xn tunnels, and tenant-specific tunnels. It also supports the construction of overlay tunnels on the L3 underlay network to support business isolation and business carrying of a large number of tenants.

[0070] Establishing a data plane tunnel for carrying data plane service data between the MSC forwarding data and the communication interconnection device receiving data is a key business of the MSC, such as Figure 4 As shown, there are 4 types of data plane tunnels: a data plane tunnel across one satellite for carrying service data between UE / ground stations accessing different satellites, a data plane tunnel across multiple satellites for carrying service data between UE / ground stations accessing different satellites, a data plane tunnel across multiple satellites for carrying service data between UE / ground stations accessing different satellites and ground gateways, and a data plane tunnel for carrying service data between UE / ground stations accessing the same satellite:

[0071] 1. Establish a data plane tunnel across a satellite through the MSC device and communication interconnection equipment on the neighboring satellite to carry the service data between UE / ground stations connected to different satellites, such as Figure 4The thin solid line shown in the figure shows the specific process of establishing the data plane tunnel as follows: UE / ground station A sends data to the RF baseband unit connected to MSC1, and the MSC1 that forwards the data receives the data plane data from the RF baseband module through the user data plane module, and the user data plane module receives the data plane data transmitted by the RF baseband module through the N1 / N2 / N3 protocol. The data plane data is generally composed of uplink service data transmitted by the ground station, the ground gateway, and the UE user ground terminal; the MSC1 that forwards the data forwards the data plane data through the user data plane module and the switching routing protection switching module to the communication interconnection equipment deployed on the same satellite as the forwarding data MSC1, and the user data plane module transmits the data plane traffic accessed by the RF baseband module to the switching routing protection switching module through the N6 interface, and sends the data plane data to the communication interconnection equipment deployed on the same satellite as the forwarding data MSC1 through the network port of the switching routing protection switching module; the communication receiving the data plane data The communication interconnection device then sends the received data to one of the opposite communication interconnection devices in the six directions of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis. The opposite communication interconnection device transmits the received data plane data to the MSC (n-1) device deployed on the same satellite, completing the process of transmitting the data plane data of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis to another MSC. The switching routing protection switching module of MSC (n-1) receives the data of the data plane tunnel and checks the destination address of the data message. If it is the destination data message of UE / ground station B communicating with this MSC, i.e. MSC (n-1), it is sent to the user data plane module of MSC (n-1) through the N6 interface. The user data plane module then sends the data plane data to the radio frequency baseband unit mounted on MSC (n-1), and the radio frequency baseband unit sends the data message to UE / ground station B, realizing the service data forwarding from UE / ground station A to UE / ground station B. The reverse direction is still the same.

[0072] 2. Establish data plane tunnels across multiple satellites through MSC devices and communication interconnection equipment on multiple satellites to carry service data between UEs / ground stations connected to different satellites, such as Figure 4The thick solid line shown in the figure shows that the specific process of establishing the data plane tunnel is as follows: UE / ground station A sends data to the RF baseband unit connected to MSC1, and MSC1 that forwards the data receives the data plane data from the RF baseband module through the user data plane module; MSC1 that forwards the data forwards the data plane data to the communication interconnection device deployed on the same satellite as MSC1 that forwards the data through the user data plane module and the switching routing protection switching module; the communication interconnection device that receives the data plane data then sends the received data to one of the opposite communication interconnection devices in the six directions of X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, and the opposite communication interconnection device transmits the received data plane data to the MSC (n-1) device deployed on the same satellite with it, completing the transmission of the data plane data of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis to In another MSC process, the switching routing protection switching module of MSC (n-1) receives the data of the data plane tunnel, checks the destination address of the data message, and if it is the destination data message of UE / ground station C, it is sent to the communication interconnection device of MSC (n) through the communication interconnection device of MSC (n-1). The data of the data plane tunnel is then sent by the communication interconnection device of MSC (n) to the switching routing protection switching module of MSC (n), which is then sent to the connected data plane module through the N6 interface. The data plane module then sends the data plane data to the radio frequency baseband unit connected to MSC (n), which sends the data to UE / ground station C, realizing the service data forwarding from UE / ground station A to UE / ground station C. The reverse direction is still the same.

[0073] 3. Establish a data plane tunnel across multiple satellites through MSC devices and communication interconnection equipment on multiple satellites. The data plane tunnel is connected to the ground gateway through laser or microwave to carry business data between UE / ground stations connected to different satellites and the ground gateway, such as Figure 4The dotted line shown in the figure shows the specific process as follows: UE / ground station A sends data to the RF baseband unit connected to MSC1, and the MSC1 forwarding the data receives the data plane data from the RF baseband module through the user data plane module; the MSC1 forwarding the data forwards the data plane data to the communication interconnection device deployed on the same satellite as the MSC1 forwarding the data through the user data plane module and the switching routing protection switching module; the communication interconnection device receiving the data plane data then sends the received data to one of the opposite communication interconnection devices in the six directions of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis; the opposite communication interconnection device transmits the received data plane data to the MSC (n-1) device deployed on the same satellite as it, completing the process of transmitting the data plane data of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis to another MSC, MSC (n-1) 1) The switching routing protection switching module receives the data from the data plane tunnel and checks the destination address of the data message. If it is the destination data message of the ground gateway station E, it is sent to the communication interconnection device connected to MSC (n) through the communication interconnection device connected to MSC (n-1). The data of the data plane tunnel is then sent to the switching routing protection switching module of MSC (n) by the communication interconnection device connected to MSC (n). The switching routing protection switching module of MSC (n) then queries the port of the communication interconnection device pointing to the ground, and sends it to the communication interconnection device pointing to the ground connected to the switching routing protection switching module of MSC (n) through the available tunnel N port. The communication interconnection device pointing to the ground sends the data to the ground gateway station E, realizing the service data forwarding from UE / ground station A to ground gateway station E. The reverse direction is still the same.

[0074] 4. A data plane tunnel is established through the MSC device and communication interconnection equipment on the same satellite. The data plane tunnel is used to carry the service data between UE / ground stations accessing the same satellite, such as Figure 4 The thin solid line shown in the figure is as follows: UE / ground station C sends data to the RF baseband unit connected to MSC (n), and the MSC (n) that forwards the data receives the data plane data from the RF baseband module through the user data plane module; the MSC (n) that forwards the data plane forwards the data plane data through the user data plane module and the switching routing protection switching module, and the switching routing protection switching module of MSC (n) receives the data of the data plane tunnel and checks the destination address of the data message. If it is the destination data message of UE / ground station D, the switching routing protection switching module of MSC (n) sends it to the connected data plane module through the N6 interface, and the data plane module sends the data plane data to the RF baseband unit of MSC (n), and the RF baseband unit sends the data to UE / ground station D, thereby realizing the service data forwarding from UE / ground station C to UE / ground station D, and the reverse direction is the same.

[0075] A protection switching tunnel for carrying protection switching service data is established between the MSC forwarding data and the communication interconnection device receiving data. This is accomplished by the built-in switching routing protection switching module and the routing protection control plane of the MSC forwarding data. Specifically, the fault detection module built into the switching routing protection switching module uses hardware-based fast messages for fault detection. The detection messages periodically sent by the hardware are transmitted from the corresponding ports to the MSC and communication interconnection device of the opposite satellite according to the tunnel established by the switching routing protection switching module. If the MSC and communication interconnection device of the opposite satellite do not respond within the expected time, it is determined that the inter-satellite communication link composed of the communication interconnection device connected to the MSC forwarding data and the communication interconnection device of the opposite end is faulty. The detection interval is 10ms. If the detection fails N times, the fault is automatically detected. The routing protection control plane module of the MSC for forwarding data is automatically triggered to implement protection switching. The detection interval can be set to other values ​​such as 3ms, and N is greater than or equal to zero, that is, the detection message is sent to the opposite laser (microwave transceiver) in 6 directions of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis. The opposite laser (microwave transceiver) transmits the detection message to the MSC device deployed on the same satellite, completing the process of transmitting the detection message data of the three axes of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis to the opposite MSC. The MSC device at the opposite end responds to the detection message. The MSC that does not receive the detection message response performs fault detection and protection switching until a fault-free communication interconnection device connected to the MSC receiving the detection message is detected, thereby realizing the protection switching of the intersatellite communication link between the MSC for forwarding data and the communication interconnection device, and the reverse direction remains the same.

[0076] The specific process of establishing a network management tunnel for carrying network management service data between the MSC forwarding data and the communication interconnection device receiving data is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, the ground network management center sends network management data to the satellite constellation through the ground gateway station. The radio frequency baseband module of the satellite constellation receives the network management data and sends it to the MSC of a satellite. The MSC receiving the network management data receives the network management data through the user data plane module and then sends it to the switching routing protection switching module through the N6 interface. When the destination satellite of the network management data is the current satellite carried by the MSC receiving the network management data, the switching routing protection switching module forwards the corresponding network management data to the network management module that interacts with the MSC receiving the network management data through the network management port. Then, the network management module that interacts with the MSC receiving the network management data forwards the corresponding network management data to each managed module and circuit of the MSC. If the destination satellite is another satellite, the switching routing protection switching module that interacts with the MSC receiving the network management data forwards the received network management data to the MSC of the corresponding destination satellite through a fault-free intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver. The ground network management center can realize network management and initialization settings for each satellite in the entire satellite constellation, and the reverse direction is also the same. Through the collaboration between the network management module of the MSC device and the ground network management center, the initial configuration of the constellation network and subsequent network configuration adjustments, as well as the firmware loading, updating and upgrading of each subsystem are realized.

[0077] The specific process of establishing an authentication tunnel for carrying authentication service data between the MSC forwarding data and the communication interconnection device receiving data is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the ground authentication center sends authentication service data to the satellite constellation through the ground gateway station. The RF baseband module of the satellite constellation receives the authentication service data and sends it to the MSC of a satellite. The MSC of the satellite receiving the authentication service data receives the authentication service data through the user data plane module and then sends it to the switching routing protection switching module through the N6 interface. When the destination satellite is the current satellite, the switching routing protection switching module forwards the corresponding authentication service data to the RF control plane module of the current satellite MSC. If the destination satellite is another satellite, the switching routing protection switching module of the current satellite MSC forwards the received authentication service data to the RF control plane module of the corresponding destination satellite MSC through the corresponding fault-free intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver. The ground authentication center can realize the management and initialization settings of the user / ground station access to any satellite in the entire satellite constellation. The reverse is still the same. Authentication and certification can realize the ground user UE access to any satellite in the entire satellite constellation and billing.

[0078] The specific process of establishing a neighboring Xn tunnel for carrying Xn service data between the MSC forwarding data and the communication interconnection device receiving data is as follows: UE / ground station implements switching from the source baseband RF unit to the target baseband RF unit through the neighboring Xn tunnel, which is called Xn switching and requires an active Xn interface between the source and target baseband RF modules, such as Figure 5This type of handover is very fast as it requires only minimal interaction with the RF control plane.

[0079] The Xn switching process is the same as that in the traditional network, that is, the UE / ground station reports a measurement report of the signal strength of the baseband RF module deployed on the adjacent satellite to the source baseband RF module, and the source baseband RF module decides to start the switching process to the best target baseband RF module until the switching of the target baseband RF module is completed.

[0080] Xn messages and neighboring Xn tunnels only occur between adjacent RF baseband modules, that is, the source RF baseband module sends an Xn message to the user data plane module of the source satellite MSC. After receiving the Xn service data, the user data plane module of the source satellite MSC sends it to the switching routing protection switching module of the source satellite through the N6 interface. When the destination satellite is the current satellite, the switching routing protection switching module of the source satellite forwards the corresponding Xn service data to the user data plane module of the adjacent satellite MSC through the corresponding neighboring Xn tunnel and the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver. If the destination satellite is another satellite, the switching routing protection switching module of the source satellite MSC forwards the received Xn service data to the user data plane module of the other satellite MSC through the corresponding non-fault intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver on the other satellite. The MSC of the other satellite then forwards the received Xn service data to the RF baseband module mounted on the other satellite MSC. Therefore, based on the measurement report and other information such as the RF baseband module load and considering the UE mobility restrictions and radio capabilities, the source baseband RF module decides to switch and selects to switch to a certain target baseband RF module. The reverse direction remains the same.

[0081] The user data plane module receives user data transmitted by the RF baseband module through the N1 / N2 / N3 protocol, and transmits the user data plane traffic accessed by the RF baseband module to the switching routing protection switching module through the N6 protocol, thereby completing the connection between the wireless network service and the wired network service, and realizing the function of connecting to the external PDU session point of the data network.

[0082] The specific data processing of the user data plane module includes: traffic monitoring of the received UE / ground gateway data and generating traffic usage reports; after grouping the UE / ground gateway data service flow received from the RF baseband module based on deep data processing, it is transmitted to the switching routing protection switching module through the N6 protocol, and then transmitted by the switching routing protection switching module to the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver deployed on the same satellite, and transmitted to the data network composed of satellites through the intersatellite communication link between the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver receiving the data and the fault-free intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver on other satellites; the user data plane module can also support the branch point of multi-host PDU sessions, which is used for data plane to execute packet inspection and data plane policy rules, including: filtering, gating, uplink and downlink rate implementation and other QoS processing.

[0083] The functions implemented by the RF control plane including the satellite core network include: security control for the access layer; signaling between core network nodes for generating mobility between 3GPP access networks; mobility management control, supporting customized mobility management and session management; allocation and management of UE ground terminal IP addresses, configuring flow control in the user data plane module, and routing traffic to the appropriate destination; and policy enforcement and QoS control.

[0084] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the routing protection control plane is the brain of the switching routing protection switching module, and realizes the routing protection switching function through the fault detection module, the switching routing module, and the tunnel termination module. The switching routing protection switching module maintains the routing table according to the instructions of the routing protection control plane, performs protocol operations for fast convergence of the routing table, detects the protection switching packet and triggers the routing protection switching, such as triggering the 50ms level routing protection switching of the MSC, detects the packet of the faulty laser (or microwave transceiver), accepts the configuration and diagnosis from the network management module, and terminates and forwards the overlay tunnel.

[0085] The fault detection module is a key component for network management and fault detection. This module is mainly responsible for periodically sending detection messages to perform connectivity checks, fault location, performance monitoring, and network optimization.

[0086] like Figure 6As shown, the network management data received by the network management module is transmitted to the switching and routing module through the network management port; the fault detection module performs fault detection according to the network parameters in the switching and routing module. Through the above-mentioned connectivity check, fault location, performance monitoring and network optimization functions, the fault detection module sends an instruction to perform protection switching operation to the routing protection control plane module through the D1 channel when a network fault is detected, and sends a switching recovery instruction to the routing protection control plane module according to the network parameters after the fault is repaired; the routing protection control plane module performs path calculation and rerouting as well as protection switching or switching recovery of the routing table, and then sends the updated routing table to the switching and routing module by sending the flow table through the C1 channel via the control plane port, which helps to maintain the high availability and performance of the network, while reducing the impact and recovery time of network faults; the switching and routing module sends the message after the routing table is updated to the fault detection module, and the fault detection module transmits the message after the routing table is updated to the tunnel termination module; the fault detection module performs fault detection according to the updated routing table, and the tunnel termination module establishes or terminates the tunnel according to the message after the routing table is updated.

[0087] When the fault detection module detects a fault in the network, it usually initiates a protection switching operation to switch the data flow from the faulty path, i.e., the working path, to a predefined backup path, i.e., the protection path. This process is called routing protection switching, and its goal is to restore services as quickly as possible and reduce the impact of the fault on network connection services.

[0088] The following are the steps to switch the data flow transmission path of the switching routing protection switching module:

[0089] Step 1, fault detection: The fault detection module periodically sends special detection packets such as ICMP Echo request or MPLS LSP Ping to other nodes in the constellation network. Fault detection is used to check the connectivity of the network. If a node or link does not respond within the expected time, it is determined that the node or link has a fault. Specifically, a protection switching tunnel for carrying protection switching service data is established between the MSC forwarding data and the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver receiving data to transmit the detection packet to the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver carried by other satellites in the constellation network. The connectivity between the satellite deployed by the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver receiving the detection packet and the satellite sending the detection packet is determined according to the response of the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver receiving the detection packet.

[0090] Step 2, fault confirmation: In order to avoid unnecessary switching due to temporary problems or false alarms, the fault detection module usually performs further fault confirmation after detecting the fault, which may include sending more probe packets, or using other more complex diagnostic tools such as traceroute or MPLS LSP Traceroute to locate the fault. These diagnostic tools can help determine which link or node the fault occurs in by tracing the path of the probe packet in the constellation network. Specifically, the location of the satellite deployed by the unresponsive intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver in the constellation network communication link is determined based on the probe packet transmission path;

[0091] Step 3, protection switching: Once the fault is confirmed, the fault detection module automatically executes the protection switching operation process, which involves notifying the routing protection control plane through the D1 channel to update the routing table and switch the data flow from the working path with the fault to the protection path. For example, in an MPLS network, this is achieved by modifying the Label Forwarding Information Base (LFIB) of the Label Switched Router (LSR);

[0092] Step 4, fault recovery: When the fault is repaired, the fault detection module can choose to switch the data flow back to the original working path. This process is called switchback. Whether to perform switchback and when to perform it depends on the network strategy and configuration. For example, some networks choose to perform switchback immediately after the fault is repaired, while other networks choose to perform switchback during low traffic periods to reduce the impact of switching on services.

[0093] Through the above data flow transmission path switching method, the routing protection switching operation can quickly restore services when a network failure occurs, thereby maintaining the availability and performance of the network.

[0094] In addition, the fault detection module can also realize the performance monitoring function. Its working principle is: the fault detection module regularly collects and analyzes network performance data such as delay, jitter, packet loss rate, etc. to detect possible performance problems; if performance degradation is detected, the fault detection module will trigger the connectivity check in step 1 and the fault location process in step 2 to find out the cause of the problem.

[0095] The fault detection module can also implement network optimization functions. Its working principle is: the fault detection module adjusts the configuration and parameters of the network based on the collected network performance data to optimize the performance and reliability of the network, for example, adjusting the parameters of the routing protocol to improve the load balancing and redundancy of the network.

[0096] The tunnel termination module is a device or entity that creates and terminates virtual tunnels. It creates and manages virtual networks on top of the physical network infrastructure consisting of MSCs and intersatellite lasers or microwave transceivers through a network virtualization technology. The tunnel termination module transmits data packets through the virtual network created by the tunnel, while the routing ensures that these data packets are transmitted along the correct path, thereby achieving network isolation and expansion. Specifically, the tunnel termination module creates a virtual tunnel through tunnel encapsulation technology. Tunnel encapsulation is a technology that transmits data packets by adding additional encapsulation outside the original data packet. The additional encapsulation added outside the original data packet is usually new header information.

[0097] The following are the main steps for the tunnel termination module to create and manage a virtual network on top of the physical network infrastructure consisting of MSCs and intersatellite lasers or microwave transceivers:

[0098] Step 1, encapsulation: When a data packet needs to be sent through a virtual tunnel, the tunnel termination module encapsulates the original Ethernet frame in a tunnel message. The tunnel message contains a tunnel header information. The tunnel header information contains a tunnel network identifier Tunel ID. The tunnel network identifier Tunel ID is used to identify the target virtual network and the IP addresses of the source and target tunnel termination modules. Then, the tunnel message with the tunnel header information added is encapsulated in an external IP / UDP message.

[0099] Step 2, transmission: The encapsulated tunnel message is transmitted to the target tunnel termination module through the physical network. According to the configuration and requirements of the network, the encapsulated tunnel message is transmitted in the physical network through multicast, unicast or mixed mode;

[0100] Step 3, decapsulation: When the encapsulated tunnel message reaches the target tunnel termination module, the target tunnel termination module decapsulates the message according to the information in the tunnel header, extracts the original Ethernet frame, and forwards the tunnel message to the target virtual network.

[0101] Through the above steps, the tunnel termination module realizes the creation and management of virtual networks on the physical network infrastructure, so that different virtual networks can share the same physical infrastructure safely and efficiently while maintaining network isolation and scalability.

[0102] The network management module is used to implement network management functions, receive network management and configuration data from the ground network management center, and send the received network management data to take effect. Figure 6 shown.

[0103] The network management modules of the ground network management center and MSC establish the network management tunnel T1. The network management module of MSC manages the switching routing module, routing protection control plane, fault detection module, tunnel termination module, RF baseband unit, port, space laser or microwave transceiver, data plane module, RF control plane, APP and other modules through the channel from M1 to M7.

[0104] The APP*N module is a separate onboard CPU + memory + storage computing unit module, which is connected to the routing protection switching module through a network interface and is used to run other functional software of the constellation operator, such as national encryption and decryption components, CDN software, onboard computing software, remote sensing and telemetry software, infrared detection and early warning software, artificial intelligence algorithm software, NFV software, centimeter-level positioning software, and customer-specific software. The onboard CPU has the ability to realize onboard computing and is not limited to the use of CPU architectures such as RISC V / ARM / X86.

[0105] RF control plane Figure 7 As shown, it includes a mobility management module, a policy management module and a session management module.

[0106] The mobility management module is a key functional module responsible for seamless connection of ground terminal devices such as UE / ground stations when the constellation network moves in orbit. The mobility management module mainly implements the functions of mobility prediction, mobility decision, mobility execution, and mobility optimization. Its goal is to provide high-quality services while minimizing service interruptions and delays.

[0107] Mobility prediction refers to predicting the possible location of a device by analyzing the historical location and speed data of the terminal device, which helps the constellation network prepare for mobility events in orbit in advance. The mobility management module reports information about the user's location update and mobility events to the policy control module through the N15 protocol to ensure that the policy control module can make corresponding policy adjustments based on the user's location and mobility status.

[0108] Mobility decision refers to deciding which satellite's RF baseband module / satellite base station the ground terminal device should connect to. This decision is usually based on factors such as the current relative position, relative speed, relative direction of the ground terminal device, and the load and coverage of the satellite base station.

[0109] Mobility execution means that once it is determined that the ground terminal equipment is connected to a satellite's RF baseband unit / satellite base station, the constellation network will start the switching process, and migrate the uplink and downlink messages of the ground terminal equipment from the current satellite base station to the new satellite base station through the neighboring cell Xn tunnel between N MSC devices. The uplink and downlink messages of the ground terminal equipment include the status and data of the equipment.

[0110] Mobility optimization refers to the continuous monitoring and optimization of the mobility management process to improve service quality and network efficiency.

[0111] The session management module is an important functional module responsible for establishing, maintaining and releasing network sessions. A network session is a communication connection between ground terminal devices such as mobile phones or other 5G devices and the constellation network.

[0112] When a ground terminal device issues a new network session request, the network session request is transmitted to the data plane via the RF baseband. The data plane transmits the network session request to the session management module via the N4 protocol. The session management module processes the request, determines the network resources that the ground terminal device can use and the communication path between the ground terminal device and the constellation network, and completes the session establishment. Once the session is established, the session management module needs to perform session maintenance tasks, including: handling the mobility of the ground terminal device to ensure that the ground terminal device can still maintain connection when moving; and handling changes in network conditions caused by the rapid movement of constellation satellites, such as network congestion or no signal for the ground terminal device. The session management module reports the status of the network session to the mobility management module via the N11 protocol, especially when the ground terminal device switches from one access point to another. This enables the mobility management module to adapt to the user's mobility needs and ensure seamless mobility management.

[0113] When the ground terminal device no longer needs the network session, ie, issues a session release request, the session management module processes the session release request, specifically including: releasing the network resources used by the ground terminal device so that these resources can be used by other ground terminal devices.

[0114] The session management module is also responsible for managing the data transmission between the ground terminal device and the network. The transmitted data specifically includes determining the routing method of the data in the network and the service quality requirements of the ground terminal device.

[0115] The policy control module is responsible for formulating and executing network policies to ensure the effective use of network resources. Its goal is to meet the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of ground terminal equipment and protect the constellation network from abuse.

[0116] The main tasks of the policy control module in the constellation network include: policy decision-making, policy execution, policy update, dynamic generation and management of policy rules.

[0117] The policy control module formulates network policies based on a series of factors including device service quality requirements, current network load, device subscription information, and user service level agreements (SLAs). This process is called policy decision-making. For example, the policy control module can decide to allocate more bandwidth to a ground terminal device to meet its high-speed data service needs.

[0118] Once the network policy is formulated, the policy control module notifies the session management module and other module entities to execute these network policies through the N7 protocol. This process is called the policy execution task. For example, the policy control module can notify the session management module through the N7 protocol to allocate more bandwidth to a ground terminal device and update the data flow table of the ground terminal device. The session management module and the data plane module interact with the ground terminal device data flow table through the N4 protocol to implement the distribution and configuration of the ground terminal device data flow table.

[0119] The policy control module updates the network policy according to the changes in network conditions and the behavior of the ground terminal devices. This process is called the policy update task. For example, the session management module reports the status of the ground terminal device session to the policy control module through the N7 protocol, such as session establishment and release, so that the policy control module can understand and adjust the policy as needed; if the network becomes congested, the policy control module updates the network policy and notifies the session module through the N7 protocol to reduce the bandwidth allocation of the ground terminal device.

[0120] The policy control module is also responsible for dynamically generating and managing policy rules to adapt to changes in the network and devices. This process is called dynamic generation and management of policy rules. The policy control module sends policy rules, such as flow control and priority allocation, to the mobility management module through the N15 protocol. For example, if a ground terminal device moves from one satellite to another, the policy control module needs to generate new policy rules to adapt to the behavior of the ground terminal device in the new network area. The policy control module communicates with the session management module through the N7 protocol to send policy rules to ensure the effective use of network resources.

[0121] Figure 8 Fig. 9As shown, the ground authentication center has traditional user contract data management functions and network element registration functions. The network element function registration module can query the user contract data module for information about services and functions, while the user contract data module can provide user-related data to the network element function registration module. The ground authentication center also authenticates and authorizes the RF baseband module connected to the MSC device or chip and the UE / ground station attached to the RF baseband module through the authentication channel. Specifically, the contract data and network element registration data of the ground terminal equipment are transmitted to the ground authentication center through the authentication channel to realize the management of user contract data and network element registration data. The management of user contract data and network element registration data includes: management of user identification data, generation of 3GPP AKA authentication parameters, UE access authentication based on contract data, authentication, authorization and registration management (RM).

[0122] The authentication process between ground terminal equipment and constellation network is to verify the identity of UE and constellation network and ensure the security of communication. The authentication process usually involves UE, NodeB (NR NodeB) on the satellite and ground authentication center on the ground. Network function entities including mobility management function, session management function and user subscription data need to be registered in the network element function registration module of the ground authentication center so that other network function entities can discover and use them.

[0123] The following is the registration process of mobility management function, session management function and user subscription data in the network element function registration module. The registration process includes four steps: initial registration, registration confirmation, service discovery and service update.

[0124] Initial registration: When the mobility management function, session management function, user subscription data and other entities are started or restarted for the first time, the above functional entities send a registration request containing the service capability, service area, interface information and other information of the network functional entity to the network element function registration module of the ground authentication center through the authentication tunnel A1 established by the MSC;

[0125] Registration confirmation: After receiving the registration request through the authentication tunnel A1 established by the MSC, the network element function registration module of the ground authentication center verifies the validity of the request and creates or updates the record of the functional entity in its database. Then, the network element function registration module sends a registration confirmation message to the functional entity that sent the registration request, indicating that the registration has been successful;

[0126] Service discovery: Other functional entities can query the network element function registration module through the authentication tunnel A1 established by the MSC to discover the required services. For example, when the mobility management function needs the service of a session management function, it can query the network element function registration module for the service capability and interface information of the session management function through the authentication tunnel A1 established by the MSC.

[0127] Service update: If the service capability, service area or interface information of the functional entity changes, an update request is sent to the network element function registration module of the ground authentication center through the authentication tunnel A1 established by the MSC to update its record in the network element function registration module of the ground authentication center.

[0128] Through the network element function registration process, each functional entity in the constellation network can register and update its service information in the network element function registration module of the ground authentication center through the authentication tunnel established by the MSC, thereby realizing service discovery and use and ensuring that the functional entity can correctly discover and use the services of other network functional entities.

[0129] The following is the process by which the ground authentication center implements authentication and certification of the RF baseband unit connected to the MSC device or chip and the UE / ground station attached to the RF baseband unit through the authentication channel, which mainly includes five steps: initial access, authentication request, authentication response, authentication confirmation, and key negotiation.

[0130] Initial access: When a ground terminal device connects to the constellation network for the first time, or when the ground terminal device wakes up from sleep mode, the RF baseband unit on the satellite sends a connection request;

[0131] Authentication request: The RF baseband unit on the satellite forwards the received connection request to the ground authentication center through the authentication tunnel A2 between the MSC and the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver. The ground authentication center server generates an authentication request containing a random number RAND and an authentication request token AUTN. The ground authentication center sends the authentication request back to the RF baseband unit on the satellite that forwarded the connection request, and then the RF baseband unit on the satellite forwards it to the ground terminal device;

[0132] Authentication response: The ground terminal device calculates a response RES* using the pre-shared key Ki and the received random number RAND. At the same time, the ground terminal device verifies the authentication request token AUTN to confirm the identity of the constellation network. If the verification is successful, the ground terminal device sends the response RES* back to the RF baseband unit on the satellite that forwarded the connection request.

[0133] Authentication confirmation: The RF baseband unit on the satellite forwards the response RES* to the ground authentication center through the authentication tunnel. The ground authentication center verifies the received response. If the verification is successful, the ground authentication center sends an authentication confirmation message to the RF baseband unit on the satellite, and then the RF baseband unit on the satellite forwards this confirmation message to the ground terminal device UE to complete the authentication process;

[0134] Key negotiation: Once authentication is successful, the ground terminal device UE and the constellation network perform key negotiation to generate encryption and integrity protection keys for protecting subsequent communications.

[0135] The authentication and verification process ensures that the identities of ground terminal devices and constellation networks are correctly verified, preventing fraud and interception, thereby protecting user privacy and network security.

[0136] The ground network management center manages the MSC device through the network management tunnel, receives network management and configuration data from the ground network management center through a dedicated network management tunnel, and realizes the network management function of the ground network management center for the MSC.

[0137] The specific process of directly connecting the star network constellation composed of satellites equipped with the device proposed by the present invention to the ground terminal is described below.

[0138] When the ground terminal device uses the direct to cell mode, the mobile terminal establishes a connection with the RF baseband module on the constellation satellite, which is usually an LTE or 5G base station. The mobile phone can make voice calls, send text messages, and transmit data through the RF baseband module. When the ground terminal device uses the direct to vsat mode, the ground station establishes a connection with the RF baseband module on the constellation satellite.

[0139] The implementation process of the direct to cell function mainly includes the following steps:

[0140] S1, configure the ground terminal equipment and the RF baseband modules on each satellite to support LTE or 5G protocols;

[0141] S2, for the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver carried on each satellite and the MSC networking satellite constellation described above, the network parameters of the MSC carried on each satellite are configured through the ground network management center, and the connection between the source ground terminal equipment and the radio frequency baseband module on the satellite constellation is established;

[0142] S3, before the communication starts, the source ground terminal device and the RF baseband unit on the satellite constellation need to register with the network element. Registration allows the constellation network to know the identity information of the source terminal device and the RF baseband unit on the satellite. The source ground terminal device and the RF baseband module on the satellite constellation need to negotiate to determine the communication parameters, including communication rate, security policy and other parameters;

[0143] S4, authenticating whether the ground terminal device has the communication authority through the ground authentication center, and transmitting the communication data to the ground gateway through the MSC deployed on the same satellite as the connected RF baseband module and the fault-free intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver when the source ground terminal device has the communication authority;

[0144] S5, namely, forwarding the communication data from the source ground terminal device to another destination ground terminal device.

[0145] The communication data is forwarded from a source ground terminal device to another destination ground terminal device by forwarding the communication data through a satellite that is connected to the source ground terminal device. The forwarding routing of the data of each functional entity accessed by the MSC in the satellite that is connected to the source ground terminal device is achieved by establishing a corresponding tunnel through the tunnel termination module of the MSC.

[0146] For example, by establishing a data plane tunnel between the MSC in the satellite connected to the source ground terminal equipment and the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver of the destination satellite, data forwarding between ground terminals and between ground terminals and ground gateways is achieved through the intersatellite communication link between the MSC and the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver;

[0147] By establishing a protection switching tunnel between the MSC in the satellite connected to the source ground terminal equipment and the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver of the destination satellite, the faulty intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver is detected and the data stream transmission path is switched, ensuring that the satellite network topology is in high-speed dynamic change. On the one hand, it solves the problems of large performance changes and poor robustness of satellite-to-ground / intersatellite communication links; on the other hand, it also solves the problem of frequent switching between satellites due to frequent changes in service satellites for satellite users in low-orbit satellite networks;

[0148] By establishing a network management tunnel between the MSC in the satellite connected to the source ground terminal equipment and the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver of the destination satellite, network management of each MSC function body is achieved, and basic configuration and firmware upgrade of the entire constellation network are implemented;

[0149] By establishing an authentication tunnel between the MSC in the satellite connected to the source ground terminal equipment and the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver of the destination satellite, the source tunnel is initiated through the tunnel termination module of the MSC, so as to realize the real-time registration of the MSC functional entity on each satellite and support each satellite to query the registered services of the ground authentication center. The tunnel starting relationship is:

[0150] By establishing a neighboring Xn tunnel between the MSC in the satellite connected to the source ground terminal equipment and the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver of the destination satellite: a tunnel starting relationship is established through the tunnel termination module in the MSC, the radio frequency baseband unit is connected to the MSC, the MSC is connected to another MSC through the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver, and the other MSC is connected to the corresponding baseband radio frequency unit, so as to realize the switching of the baseband radio frequency unit connected to the MSC and the switching of the data flow from the transmission tunnel to the neighboring tunnel;

[0151] By establishing other tunnels between the MSC in the satellite connected to the source ground terminal equipment and the intersatellite laser or microwave transceiver of the destination satellite: according to the requirements of subsequent tunnel functions and the expansion of the number of tunnels, more tunnels can be added for the expansion of the above proprietary tunnels, or the tunnel connection between the third-party APP and various functional bodies as well as the ground gateway, ground authentication center, and ground network management center, to facilitate the subsequent opening of new functions.

[0152] In the tunnel termination module, each tunnel is identified by a 24-bit tunnel ID. Since this ID is 24 bits, theoretically, the tunnel termination module can support up to $2^{24}$ (i.e., 16,777,216) tunnels. This number is much larger than the maximum number of 4096 supported by traditional VLAN technology to meet its requirements for isolation and scalability. However, the actual number of tunnels may be limited by factors such as the performance of the MSC equipment, the complexity of network design and management, etc. Therefore, in actual use, the number of tunnels may be less than the theoretical maximum number.

[0153] The ground network management center is a system responsible for monitoring, controlling and managing network equipment and services. It communicates with each managed network management module connected to the MSC equipment through the network management tunnel. The following is the network management process, which includes six steps: tunnel establishment, equipment registration, equipment monitoring, equipment configuration, equipment maintenance, and equipment deregistration.

[0154] Establishing tunnels: First, the ground network management center needs to establish a network management tunnel with each network management module connected to the MSC. This tunnel is established through the tunnel termination module inside the MSC and the tunnel termination module of the ground network management center. The network management tunnel can be established using various network protocols such as SNMP and NetConf. The specific protocol used depends on the support of the network equipment and management requirements.

[0155] Device registration: After the tunnel is established, the network management module needs to register with the ground network management center. This registration process usually includes sending device information such as device type, version, and capabilities and receiving registration confirmation.

[0156] Equipment monitoring: After successful registration, the ground network management center can start monitoring the status of the network management module, which includes collecting equipment performance data, checking equipment operating status, receiving equipment alarm information, etc.

[0157] Device configuration: The ground network management center can also send configuration commands to the network management module through the network management tunnel to change the device configuration or control the device behavior. For example, the ground network management center can change the device's routing strategy, security settings, QoS parameters, etc.

[0158] Equipment maintenance: If there is a problem with the equipment, the ground network management center can perform remote maintenance through the network management tunnel, including sending restart commands, upgrading equipment software, resetting equipment configuration, etc.

[0159] Device deregistration: If a device needs to be removed from the network, the ground network management center can deregister the device through the network management tunnel. The deregistration process usually includes sending a deregistration command and receiving a deregistration confirmation.

[0160] Through the above network management process, the ground network management center can realize centralized management of all network management modules in the network, thereby improving the operation efficiency and stability of the network.

[0161] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments and the description in the specification are only for further illustrating the principles and preparation effects of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for realizing constellation communication, characterized in that: include: The communication interconnection equipment carried on the satellite forms an X-axis ring inter-satellite communication link with the communication interconnection equipment carried on the satellite in the front and rear direction of the X-axis, forms a Y-axis inter-satellite communication link with the communication interconnection equipment carried on the satellite in the left and right direction of the Y-axis, and forms a Z-axis adjacent orbit space communication link with the communication interconnection equipment carried on the satellite in the up and down direction of the Z-axis, and receives mesh network data from six directions of the front and rear of the X-axis, the left and right of the Y-axis, and the up and down of the Z-axis. The mesh network data includes but is not limited to: ground terminal equipment data plane data, protection switching detection data, constellation network management data, ground terminal equipment authentication data, radio frequency baseband module adjacent area Xn switching data, and tenant-specific tunnel data; The multiple access onboard computing devices carried on the satellite pre-process the received network data, quickly detect the fault-free inter-satellite communication links and perform protection switching, establish a tunnel between the multiple access onboard computing devices receiving the network data and the fault-free communication interconnection equipment, and the pre-processed network data is routed and forwarded in the constellation network composed of the tunnels established by the multiple access onboard computing devices carried on each satellite; and, The RF baseband module carried on the satellite is used for network access and control of ground terminal equipment, forwarding and routing data on the data plane of ground terminal equipment, and receiving, routing and forwarding business data transmitted by the RF baseband module carried on adjacent satellites.

2. The device for implementing constellation communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple access onboard computing devices carried on the satellite include: The user data plane module is used to monitor the data plane traffic of the ground terminal equipment forwarded by the radio frequency baseband module, and to group the data plane data of the ground terminal equipment forwarded by the radio frequency baseband module based on deep data processing and transmit it to the switching routing protection switching module; The switching routing protection switching module is used to perform fault detection on the communication interconnection equipment in the constellation network and execute the protection switching instruction after the fault is detected, and send the routing table update instruction to the routing protection control plane, and establish the data plane tunnel, protection switching tunnel, network management tunnel, authentication tunnel, neighboring area Xn tunnel, tenant tunnel between various access satellite computing devices that forward network data and the fault-free communication interconnection equipment according to the real-time updated routing table, transmit the initialization network management data of the ground network management center to the network management module through the network management tunnel, and execute the switching recovery operation instruction according to the network parameters in the network management module after the fault is restored; The radio frequency control plane is used to perform user signing and network element registration and authentication to the ground authentication center through the authentication tunnel established by the switching routing protection switching module; A routing protection control plane, used to update the routing table after receiving a routing table update instruction, send the updated routing table to the switching routing protection switching module, and run the switching routing protocol; The network management module is used to transmit the received initialization network management data to the managed module and circuit, manage the user data plane module, the switching routing protection switching module, the radio frequency control plane, the routing protection control plane, and the APP module, and the management of the user data plane module, the switching routing protection switching module, the radio frequency control plane, the routing protection control plane, and the APP module includes but is not limited to: initialization configuration, default value preset, network element startup, restart, suspension, shutdown operations, firmware or software upgrade and update, device routing planning and configuration, protection switching mode configuration; and manage other components and network connections on the MSC; and, APP module, features for running operator and / or third-party apps and applications.

3. The device for realizing constellation communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switching routing protection switching module includes: A fault detection module is used to send a detection packet to the communication interconnection devices in the constellation network, and when at least one communication interconnection device does not respond within the expected time, perform a protection switching operation after locating the at least one communication interconnection device, and execute a switching recovery operation instruction according to the network parameters in the network management module after the fault is repaired; A switching routing module, used to obtain an updated routing table from a routing protection control plane as a forwarding plane of a switching router; and The tunnel termination module is used to establish a tunnel between the MSC that forwards network data and the trouble-free communication interconnection device according to the updated routing table.

4. The device for implementing constellation communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radio frequency control plane includes: The session management module is used to receive a session establishment request and / or a session release request from a ground terminal device, allocate network resources to the ground terminal device after processing the session establishment request and determine the communication path between the ground terminal device and the constellation network, release the network resources used by the ground terminal device after processing the session release request, send the session status of the ground terminal device to the policy control module, execute the policy rules issued by the policy control module, and issue an updated ground terminal device network resource table to the data plane module; A mobility management module is used to predict the location of the ground terminal device based on the historical data of the ground terminal device, determine the destination RF baseband module for the ground terminal device to access the constellation network, execute the policy rules issued by the policy control module, send the ground terminal device data received by the source RF baseband module to the destination RF baseband module through the neighbor Xn tunnel, and send the location update information of the ground terminal device and the information attached with the mobility event to the policy control module; and, The policy control module is used to formulate and execute network policies, update policy rules according to changes in network resources and mobility events of ground terminal devices, and send the updated policy rules to the mobility management module and session management module.

5. The device for implementing constellation communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data plane tunnel is used to carry business data of ground stations, ground gateways, and ground terminal equipment, including but not limited to: a data plane tunnel across one satellite for carrying business data between ground terminal equipment accessing different satellites, a data plane tunnel across multiple satellites for carrying business data between ground terminal equipment accessing different satellites, a data plane tunnel across multiple satellites for carrying business data between ground terminal equipment accessing different satellites and ground gateways, and a data plane tunnel for carrying business data between ground terminal equipment accessing the same satellite.

6. The device for implementing constellation communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protection switching tunnel is used to carry protection switching detection data of communication interconnection equipment, specifically: the switching routing protection switching module of the various access satellite computing devices that forward network data periodically sends fault detection messages to the opposite communication interconnection devices in six directions of front and back of the X axis, left and right of the Y axis, and up and down of the Z axis through the communication interconnection equipment deployed on the same satellite. When the various access satellite computing devices connected to the opposite communication interconnection equipment generate detection message responses, the opposite communication interconnection device that feeds back the detection message responses to the various access satellite computing devices that forward network data is a fault-free communication interconnection device. When the various access satellite computing devices that forward network data continue to fail to receive the detection message responses, they continue to perform fault detection and protection switching until a fault-free communication interconnection device connected to the various access satellite computing devices that receive the detection messages is detected.

7. The device for implementing constellation communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The network management tunnel is used to carry the network management business data of the ground network management center, specifically: after the constellation network receives the network management data, the radio frequency baseband module sends the network management data to the multiple access satellite computing devices carried on a satellite, and the multiple access satellite computing devices that receive the network management data send the network management data to the switching routing protection switching module. When the destination satellite of the network management data is the current satellite carried by the multiple access satellite computing devices receiving the network management data, the switching routing protection switching module forwards the network management data to the network management module that interacts with the multiple access satellite computing devices that receive the network management data. The network management module that interacts with the multiple access satellite computing devices that receive the network management data then forwards the network management data to each managed module and circuit. If the destination satellite is another satellite, the switching routing protection switching module that interacts with the multiple access satellite computing devices that receive the network management data forwards the received network management data to the multiple access satellite computing devices carried on the destination satellite through the communication interconnection device routing.

8. The device for implementing constellation communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The authentication tunnel is used to carry the contract data and network element registration data of the ground authentication center, specifically: the constellation network receives the authentication service data from the ground gateway station, and sends the authentication service data to the multiple access satellite computing devices carried by a satellite through the radio frequency baseband module. The multiple access satellite computing devices that receive the authentication service data send the authentication service data to the switching routing protection switching module. When the destination satellite is the current satellite carried by the multiple access satellite computing devices that receive the authentication service data, the switching routing protection switching module forwards the authentication service data to the radio frequency control plane module that interacts with the multiple access satellite computing devices that receive the authentication service data. If the destination satellite is another satellite, the switching routing protection switching module that interacts with the multiple access satellite computing devices that receive the authentication service data forwards the received authentication service data to the radio frequency control plane module of the multiple access satellite computing devices carried by the destination satellite through a fault-free communication interconnection device.

9. The device for implementing constellation communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The neighboring area Xn tunnel is used to carry the neighboring area data of the radio frequency baseband module, specifically: the ground terminal equipment reports the Xn service data with the signal strength of the baseband radio frequency module deployed on the neighboring satellite to the source baseband radio frequency module, the source radio frequency baseband module sends the Xn service data to the user data plane module of the source satellite multiple access onboard computing device, the user data plane module of the source satellite multiple access onboard computing device forwards the received Xn service data to the switching routing protection switching module of the source satellite, when the destination satellite is an adjacent satellite, the switching routing protection switching module of the source satellite forwards the Xn service data to the user data plane module of the multiple access onboard computing device of the adjacent satellite through the fault-free communication interconnection equipment on the adjacent satellite, if the destination satellite is another satellite, then the switching routing protection switching module of the source satellite multiple access onboard computing device routes and forwards the received Xn service data to the user data plane module of the multiple access onboard computing device of the other satellite through the fault-free communication interconnection equipment on the other satellite, and the multiple access onboard computing device of the other satellite then forwards the received Xn service data to the radio frequency baseband module connected to the multiple access onboard computing device of the other satellite.

10. A method for implementing constellation communication, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, configure the source ground terminal equipment and each RF baseband unit of the constellation network to support the communication protocol; S2, networking the constellation network through the device defined in claim 1, configuring the network parameters of the various access satellite-borne computing devices carried by each satellite through the ground network management center, and establishing the connection between the source ground terminal equipment and the radio frequency baseband module in the constellation network; S3, performing network element registration and communication parameter negotiation between the source ground terminal equipment and the radio frequency baseband module in the constellation network; S4, establishing an authentication channel between the ground authentication center and the various access satellite computing devices in the constellation network, verifying the communication authority of the source ground terminal device, and transmitting the communication data to the ground gateway through the various access satellite computing devices and the fault-free communication interconnection device deployed on the same satellite as the connected RF baseband unit when the source ground terminal device has the communication authority; S5: Communication data is transmitted to the destination ground terminal equipment via the ground gateway.

Images