A peanut threshing and material input and output system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a peanut threshing and material input and output system, which includes a threshing device, an input device for inputting crops into the threshing device, and an output device for outputting peanut pods. The threshing device includes a concave screen and an arc-shaped top cover, the inner wall of the arc-shaped top cover is provided with a grass guide plate, a threshing drum is installed between the concave screen and the arc-shaped top cover, and the threshing drum has multiple groups of threshing gear rods arranged in a circumferential array. The system also includes a V-shaped cover placed under the concave screen, and the bottom of the V-shaped cover has a conveying auger. The V-shaped cover and the arc-shaped top cover are of equal length, and the two ends of the V-shaped cover are respectively provided with a crop inlet and a peanut vine outlet, and the crop inlet and the peanut vine outlet are both located on the front side of the V-shaped cover. The input device is connected to the crop inlet, and the output device is connected to one end of the conveying auger. The above system fully utilizes the space below, in front of, and to the side of the threshing device, leaving sufficient space at the rear of the threshing device for installing other components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of peanut threshing, in particular to a peanut threshing and material input and output system. Background Art

[0002] A peanut harvester is a type of agricultural machinery specifically designed for harvesting peanuts. Through efficient mechanized operation, it can quickly extract peanuts from the soil while simultaneously completing processes such as threshing and separation, greatly improving harvesting efficiency. This machine is designed to reduce manual labor intensity, minimize losses during the harvesting process, and ensure the cleanliness and integrity of the peanuts. Peanut threshing is a key step in a peanut harvester. Patent CN 113853922 A, as it is known in the prior art, includes a threshing device that includes a peanut tilting conveying system, a peanut threshing system, a screening system, and a fruit conveying system. In this patented solution, the peanut threshing system includes a shelling drum, a concave screen, and a top plate. The peanut threshing system enters the material in a front-to-back direction. The peanut material conveyed by the peanut tilting conveying system is fed into the threshing device via a spiral mechanism, and the peanut vines are removed from the rear end of the concave screen. This structure is bulky, requiring a large installation space for the threshing and material conveying device as a whole, hindering the miniaturization of the machine. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a peanut threshing and material input and output system with a reasonable structural layout that is conducive to the miniaturization of machinery.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the peanut threshing and material input and output system of the present invention includes a threshing device, an input device for inputting crops into the threshing device, and an output device for outputting peanut pods; the threshing device includes a concave screen and an arc-shaped top cover, the inner wall of the arc-shaped top cover is provided with a grass guide plate, the grass guide plate is spiral-shaped, a threshing drum is installed between the concave screen and the arc-shaped top cover, and the threshing drum has multiple groups of threshing gear rods arranged in a circumferential array;

[0005] The invention also includes a V-shaped cover shell placed on the lower side of the concave plate screen, and a conveying auger is provided at the bottom of the V-shaped cover shell; the V-shaped cover shell and the arc-shaped top cover are of equal length, and a crop inlet and a peanut seedling outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the V-shaped cover shell, and the crop inlet and the peanut seedling outlet are both located on the front side of the V-shaped cover shell; the concave plate screen has notches at positions corresponding to the crop inlet and the peanut seedling outlet;

[0006] The input device is connected to the crop inlet, and the output device is connected to one end of the conveying auger.

[0007] In the above structure, the length of the main part of the fruit stripping drum is basically the same as that of the concave screen. A transverse conveying device composed of a V-shaped cover and a conveying augers is arranged on the lower side of the concave screen to laterally convey the peanut pods that fall from the sieve holes of the concave screen to the output device, and the input device and the peanut vine outlet are both located within the width range of the fruit stripping drum. In this way, the overall structural compactness can be greatly improved, and the overall left and right width can be reduced, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the machine.

[0008] Furthermore, the concave plate screen is composed of three parts, namely a first screen body located at the crop inlet, a third screen body located at the peanut seedling outlet, and a second screen body located between the first screen body and the third screen body;

[0009] The second screen body is arc-shaped, and the first screen body includes an arc-shaped portion and a straight portion connected to the input device; the input direction of the input device is from front to back, and the input direction is tilted backward and upward, and the straight portion can better guide the material into the fruit removal device.

[0010] The third screen body is arc-shaped, and its arc length is smaller than that of the second screen body. The third screen body is connected to the slide plate located at the peanut vine outlet, which can improve the outflow smoothness of the peanut vines after depalletizing.

[0011] Preferably, the first screen body, the second screen body and the third screen body are processed separately and assembled and fixed, which can reduce the difficulty of processing.

[0012] Furthermore, the input device includes a conveying pipe with a square cross-section and a shifting mechanism disposed within the conveying pipe. The shifting mechanism comprises a chain and multiple shifting levers spaced evenly along the chain, the shifting levers being arranged perpendicular to the chain. When unloaded, the shifting levers extend horizontally. The chain is one in number and is centered relative to the shifting lever. This allows the shifting lever to be twisted and tilted as needed relative to the left and right directions to accommodate uneven distribution of materials, thereby reducing resistance to crop transport and improving smoother conveying.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom plate of the conveying pipeline is provided with sieve holes.

[0014] Furthermore, the output device includes a conveyor trough arranged in a rearward and upwardly inclined manner, with an open top. A conveying unit is installed in the conveyor trough, and a plurality of equally spaced scrapers are fixed to the conveyor unit. The conveyor trough can adapt to changes in the output volume of peanut pods.

[0015] Furthermore, the fruit stripping gear rod is composed of two rod sections, and the angle between the two rod sections is an obtuse angle. During operation, the outer angled part of the fruit stripping gear rod faces forward, which can achieve a better fruit stripping effect.

[0016] Furthermore, a transmission relationship is established between the conveying auger and the fruit threshing drum via a chain assembly, so that only one power path is needed to drive the fruit threshing mechanism to operate.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The peanut threshing and material input and output system of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) During operation, peanut crops enter from one end of the front side of the V-shaped cover, and the peanut vines after defruiting are discharged from the other end of the front side of the V-shaped cover. The peanut pods discharged from the defruiting device are transported backward from one end of the defruiting device, making full use of the space below, in front of, and on the sides of the defruiting device, and leaving enough space at the rear of the defruiting device to install other components.

[0019] (2) The concave plate screen adopts a three-section structure, with different parts playing different roles, and can enable the material to be defruited at both the crop entrance and the peanut vine exit, maintaining the compactness of the structure while increasing the duration of the defruiting process.

[0020] (3) When the peanut crops pass through the conveying pipe, they are pressed by the push rod and rubbed on the bottom plate of the conveying pipe, which can remove the soil. The soil rubbed off is discharged from the sieve holes on the bottom plate, which can reduce the soil impurity content in the peanut pods removed in the subsequent threshing operation and reduce the difficulty of subsequent processing.

[0021] (4) The shape design and layout of the threshing gear rod are reasonable, which can improve the threshing effect and effectively promote the movement of peanut materials in the threshing channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the peanut threshing and material input and output system;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a top view of the peanut threshing and material input and output system;

[0024] Figure 3 This is the front view structural diagram of the peanut threshing and material input and output system;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA section view in;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 3 BB cross-sectional view in;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 3 The CC section view in the figure;

[0028] Figure 7The figure is the connection structure diagram of the shift lever and the chain;

[0029] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an input device;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the output device.

[0031] In the figure: 1-fruit removing device; 11-concave plate screen; 11a-first screen body; 11b-second screen body; 11c-third screen body; 12-arc top cover; 13-grass guide plate; 14-fruit removing roller; 14a-fruit removing tooth bar; 15-slide plate; 2-input device; 21-conveying pipe; 22-chain; 23-shift rod; 24-connecting block; 25-elastic sheet; 25a-flanging part; 26-wave plate; 27-roller; 28-elastic telescopic mechanism; 3-output device; 31-conveying trough; 32-conveying unit; 33-scraper; 34-pipeline; 34a-air flow outlet; 34b-slideway; 4-transverse conveying device; 41-V-shaped cover; 42-conveying auger; 4a-crop inlet; 4b-peanut vine outlet; 5-chain assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1-3 The peanut threshing and material input and output system shown includes a threshing device 1, an input device 2 for inputting crops into the threshing device 1, and an output device 3 for outputting peanut pods; the threshing device 1 includes a concave screen 11 and an arc-shaped top cover 12, and a grass guide plate 13 is provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped top cover 12, and the grass guide plate 13 is spiral-shaped. A threshing drum 14 is installed between the concave screen 11 and the arc-shaped top cover 12, and the threshing drum 14 has a plurality of groups of threshing gear rods 14a arranged in a circular array.

[0034] The system also includes a V-shaped cover 41 placed on the lower side of the concave screen 11, and the bottom of the V-shaped cover 41 has a conveying auger 42; the V-shaped cover 41 and the arc-shaped top cover 12 are of equal length, and the two ends of the V-shaped cover 41 are respectively provided with a crop inlet 4a and a peanut vine outlet 4b, and the crop inlet 4a and the peanut vine outlet 4b are both located on the front side of the V-shaped cover 41; the concave screen 11 has a notch at the position corresponding to the crop inlet 4a and the peanut vine outlet 4b; the input device 2 is connected to the crop inlet 4a, and the output device 3 is connected to one end of the conveying auger 42.

[0035] In the above structure, the length of the main part of the fruit removing drum 14 is basically the same as that of the concave screen 11. A transverse conveying device 4 composed of a V-shaped cover 41 and a conveying augers 42 is arranged on the lower side of the concave screen 11 to laterally convey the peanut pods that fall from the sieve holes of the concave screen 11 to the output device 3, and the input device 2 and the peanut vine outlet 4b are both located within the width range of the fruit removing drum 14. In this way, the overall structural compactness can be greatly improved, and the overall left and right width can be reduced, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the machine.

[0036] During operation, peanut crops enter from one end of the front side of the V-shaped cover 41, and the threshed peanut vines are discharged from the other end of the front side of the V-shaped cover 41. The peanut pods discharged from the threshing device 1 are transported backward from one end of the threshing device 1, making full use of the space below, in front of and on the sides of the threshing device 1. Figure 2 As shown, there is enough space on the rear side of the fruit removing device 1 to install other components.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, the above-mentioned defruiting gear rod 14a is composed of two rod sections, and the angle between the two rod sections is an obtuse angle. During operation, the outer angled part of the defruiting gear rod 14a faces forward, which can achieve a better defruiting effect. Preferably, all the defruiting gear rods 14a of the defruiting drum 14 are arranged along a spiral trajectory, and the rotation direction of the spiral trajectory is consistent with the rotation direction of the grass guide plate. In this way, when the defruiting drum 14 rotates, the defruiting gear rod 14a can also play a propulsion role on the peanut crop, and cooperate with the grass guide plate 13 to reduce the propulsion difficulty of the crop. The defruiting gear rod 14a is set in a bent form, so that the defruiting gear rod 14a can be separated from the peanut crop in time, preventing the defruiting gear rod 14a from preventing the peanut crop from moving axially along the defruiting drum 14.

[0038] The concave plate screen 11 is composed of three parts, namely a first screen body 11a located at the crop inlet 4a, a third screen body 11c located at the peanut seedling outlet 4b, and a second screen body 11b located between the first screen body 11a and the third screen body 11c; Figure 5 As shown, the second screen body 11b is arc-shaped. Figure 4 As shown, the first screen body 11a includes an arc-shaped portion and a straight portion connected to the input device 2, and the straight portion can guide the material into the fruit removing device 1. Figure 6 As shown, the third screen body 11c is arc-shaped, and its arc length is smaller than the arc length of the second screen body 11b. The third screen body 11c is connected to the slide plate 15 located at the peanut vine outlet 4b, which can improve the outflow smoothness of the peanut vines after depalletizing.

[0039] The first, second, and third sieve bodies 11a, 11b, and 11c are separately machined and assembled, which reduces the difficulty of manufacturing. This structure allows different parts of the concave screen 11 to perform different functions, and allows the material to be threshed at both the crop inlet 4a and the peanut vine outlet 4b, maintaining a compact structure while increasing the duration of the threshing process.

[0040] The input device 2 comprises a conveying pipe 21 with a square cross-section and a shifting mechanism disposed within the conveying pipe 21. The shifting mechanism comprises a chain 22 and multiple shifting levers 23 arranged equidistantly along the chain 22, with the shifting levers 23 arranged perpendicular to the chain 22. When unloaded, the shifting levers 23 extend horizontally. The chain 22 is one in number and centered relative to the shifting lever 23. This allows the shifting lever 23 to be twisted and tilted as needed relative to the left and right directions, adapting to uneven material distribution in this direction and reducing resistance to crop transport. Compared to the solution in patent CN 113853922A, this design significantly improves smoother conveying.

[0041] Preferably, to allow the lever 23 to have a greater left-right torsional angle relative to the chain 22, the lever 23 is connected to the chain 22 via an elastic mechanism. Specifically, the elastic mechanism includes a connecting block 24 connecting the links on the chain 22. The lever 23 is rotatably mounted relative to the connecting block 24, and a strip-shaped elastic sheet 25 is installed between the connecting block 24 and the link. The elastic sheet 25 has a main body extending along the lever 23. The connecting block 24 separates the main body from the lever 23, leaving a gap therebetween. The main body has upwardly curved flanges 25a at each end, and the two flanges 25a are respectively connected to the lever 23. With this structure, the lever 23 has a large rotational angle, and the elastic sheet 25 effectively maintains the position of the lever 23. When the materials fed to the left and right are inconsistent, the lever 23 can pull the elastic sheet 25 to deform it, creating an inclination angle relative to the left and right direction, thereby adapting to the uneven distribution of the materials.

[0042] The bottom plate of the conveying pipe 21 has sieve holes. When the peanuts pass through the conveying pipe 21, they are pressed by the lever 23 and rubbed against the pipe wall of the conveying pipe 21, which can remove soil. The rubbed soil is discharged through the sieve holes on the bottom plate, which can reduce the soil impurity content in the peanut pods during the subsequent threshing operation, making subsequent processing easier.

[0043] Preferably, if Figure 8As shown, a corrugated plate 26 is fixed to the side wall of the conveying pipe 21. Correspondingly, a roller 27 is mounted on the end of the lever 23, connected to the end of the lever 23 via an elastic telescopic mechanism 28. With this structure, when the chain 22 rotates to cause the lever 23 to circulate, the roller 27 reciprocates under the action of the corrugated plate 26, causing the lever 23 to actively swing back and forth, shaking off dirt from the material. Because the elastic telescopic mechanism 28 is installed between the roller 27 and the lever 23, the corrugated plate 26 does not affect the roller 27's passive left and right deflection under the action of the material.

[0044] The output device 3 includes a conveyor trough 31 arranged in a rearward and upwardly inclined manner, with an open top. A conveyor unit 32 is mounted within the conveyor trough 31, and a plurality of equally spaced scrapers 33 are fixed to the conveyor unit 32. The conveyor trough 31 can accommodate changes in the output volume of peanut pods.

[0045] Preferably, if Figure 9 As shown, the conveying unit 32 is a chain, and there are two sets of conveying units 32. Scrapers 33 are installed between the left and right sets of conveying units 32. A pipe 34 is installed in the space enclosed by the two sets of conveying units 32 and all the scrapers 33. The scrapers 33 can move along the pipe 34 to transport the material in the conveying trough 31 backward and upward. The upper end of the pipe 34 has an airflow outlet 34a. The lower edge of the airflow outlet 34a has a slide 34b that folds inward. Airflow flows through the pipe 34, overflowing from the airflow outlet 34a. When the material is pushed to the airflow outlet 34a by the scrapers 33, the peanuts and light impurities in the material are pushed to the next stage by the overflowing airflow. The heavier soil clods in the material slide along the slide 34b into the pipe 34 under the action of gravity and are discharged from the lower end of the pipe 34. This prevents soil clods from entering the next stage, reducing the difficulty of subsequent processing.

[0046] The conveying auger 42 and the fruit threshing drum 14 establish a transmission relationship through the chain assembly 5, so that only one power path is needed to drive the fruit threshing mechanism 4 to operate.

[0047] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A peanut threshing and material input and output system, comprising a threshing device (1), an input device (2) for inputting crops into the threshing device (1), and an output device (3) for outputting peanut pods; the threshing device (1) comprises a concave screen (11) and an arc-shaped top cover (12), a grass guide plate (13) being provided on the inner wall of the arc-shaped top cover (12), a threshing drum (14) being installed between the concave screen (11) and the arc-shaped top cover (12), and the threshing drum (14) having a plurality of groups of threshing gear rods (14a) arranged in a circumferential array; characterized in that: It also includes a V-shaped cover (41) placed on the lower side of the concave screen (11), and a conveying auger (42) is provided at the bottom of the V-shaped cover (41); the V-shaped cover (41) and the arc-shaped top cover (12) are of equal length, and a crop inlet (4a) and a peanut seedling outlet (4b) are respectively provided at both ends of the front side of the V-shaped cover (41); The input device (2) is connected to the crop inlet (4a), and the output device (3) is connected to one end of the conveying auger (42). The conveying directions of the input device (2) and the output device (3) are substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the fruit-removing drum (14), and the output device (3) is arranged close to the input device (2). The output device (3) comprises a conveying trough (31) arranged to be tilted backward and upward, and the top of the conveying trough (31) is open; a conveying unit (32) is installed in the conveying trough (31), and a plurality of scrapers (33) arranged at equal intervals are fixed on the conveying unit (32); there are two groups of conveying units, and the scrapers are arranged between the left and right groups of conveying units, and a pipe is installed in the space surrounded by the two groups of conveying units and all the scrapers, and the upper end of the pipe has an air flow outlet, and the lower edge of the air flow outlet has a slide folded into the pipe; when air flow is introduced into the pipe, the air flow overflows from the air flow outlet, and when the material is pushed to the air flow outlet position by the scraper, the peanuts and light impurities are pushed to the next link by the air flow, and the soil blocks slide into the pipe along the slide under the action of gravity and are discharged from the lower end of the pipe.

2. The peanut threshing and material input and output system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concave plate screen (11) consists of three parts, namely a first screen body (11a) located at the crop inlet (4a), a third screen body (11c) located at the peanut vine outlet (4b), and a second screen body (11b) located between the first screen body (11a) and the third screen body (11c); The second sieve body (11b) is arc-shaped, and the first sieve body (11a) includes an arc-shaped portion and a straight portion connected to the input device (2); The third sieve body (11c) is arc-shaped, and its arc length is smaller than that of the second sieve body (11b). The third sieve body (11c) is connected to the slide plate (15) located at the peanut vine outlet (4b).

3. The peanut threshing and material input and output system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input device (2) comprises a conveying pipe (21) with a square cross section, and also comprises a shifting mechanism placed in the conveying pipe (21), the shifting mechanism comprising a chain (22) and a plurality of shifting rods (23) arranged at equal distances along the chain (22), and the shifting rods (23) are arranged perpendicular to the chain (22).

4. The peanut threshing and material input and output system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the delivery pipe (21) is provided with sieve holes.

5. The peanut threshing and material input and output system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fruit removing tooth rod (14a) is composed of two rod sections, and the angle between the two rod sections is an obtuse angle.

6. The peanut threshing and material input and output system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transmission relationship is established between the conveying auger (42) and the fruit removing drum (14) via a chain assembly (5).

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