An integrated fuel cell single cell and a fuel cell stack

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of fuel cell single cells. An integrated fuel cell single cell of this application includes a cathode sealing structure and an anode sealing structure that are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. The cathode sealing structure surrounds each cavity opening on the cathode single plate respectively, and the anode sealing structure surrounds each cavity opening on the anode single plate respectively; the single cell further includes a seal, the seal is arranged on one side of the cathode single plate and / or the anode single plate facing away from the membrane electrode assembly, and at least part of the projection of the seal on the plane where the cathode single plate is located coincides with the entire projection of the cathode sealing structure on the plane where the cathode single plate is located; the seal includes a sealing part and a supporting part, and the supporting parts are arranged at different heights; both the cathode sealing structure and the anode sealing structure are adhesive sealing structures; the seal is a stress contact type sealing structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of fuel cell single cells, and particularly to an integrated fuel cell single cell and a fuel cell stack. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell outputs energy through oxidation-reduction reactions occurring on the anode and cathode sides of a proton membrane (usually presented through a membrane electrode assembly), and the bipolar plates provide independent flow channels and effective separation supports for the raw materials and coolant of the oxidation-reduction reactions. The membrane electrode assembly and the bipolar plates cooperate with each other to form a fuel cell single cell, and neither can be missing.

[0003] An integrated fuel cell single cell refers to the membrane electrode assembly and the bipolar plates being encapsulated together to form a sealed unit that can be directly used for the assembly of a fuel cell stack. Usually, the membrane electrode assembly and the bipolar plates are sealed by hot pressing with a glue film to form an integrated structure. However, during the operation of the existing integrated fuel cell single cell, the stress on the sealing structure in different regions of the single cell is different, and in some local regions, the sealing structure is not pressurized, resulting in the unsealed structure that is not pressurized being easily bulged when gas is introduced into the single cell, leading to sealing failure and further causing a cross-leakage problem in the single cell. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an integrated fuel cell single cell and a fuel cell stack, aiming to improve the sealing effectiveness and durability of the single cell while ensuring the gas circulation of the single cell, and reducing the cross-leakage problem of the single cell.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides an integrated fuel cell single cell, including a cathode bipolar plate, a membrane electrode assembly, and an anode bipolar plate arranged along the thickness direction of the single cell. The cathode bipolar plate is provided with a cathode oxygen chamber opening, a cathode hydrogen chamber opening, and a cathode water chamber opening. The anode bipolar plate is provided with an anode oxygen chamber opening, an anode hydrogen chamber opening, and an anode water chamber opening. An oxygen circulation structure is arranged inside the cathode oxygen chamber opening, and a hydrogen circulation structure is arranged inside the anode hydrogen chamber opening.

[0006] An oxygen inlet hole communicating with the oxygen circulation structure is formed on the cathode bipolar plate, and the oxygen inlet hole is arranged between the oxygen circulation structure and the cathode oxygen chamber opening; a hydrogen inlet hole communicating with the hydrogen circulation structure is formed on the anode bipolar plate, and the hydrogen inlet hole is arranged between the hydrogen circulation structure and the anode hydrogen chamber opening.

[0007] The single cell further includes a cathode sealing structure and an anode sealing structure which have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. The cathode sealing structure is disposed between the membrane electrode assembly and the cathode single plate, and the anode sealing structure is disposed between the membrane electrode assembly and the anode single plate. The cathode sealing structure respectively surrounds each cavity opening on the cathode single plate to form a seal, and the anode sealing structure respectively surrounds each cavity opening on the anode single plate to form a seal;

[0008] The single cell further includes a seal, which is disposed on one side of the cathode single plate and / or the anode single plate facing away from the membrane electrode assembly. At least a part of the projection of the seal on the plane of the cathode single plate coincides with the entire projection of the cathode sealing structure on the plane of the cathode single plate;

[0009] The seal includes a sealing portion and a supporting portion, and the supporting portion is arranged at different heights at intervals;

[0010] The sealing portion at least surrounds the cathode oxygen cavity opening and the oxygen inlet hole to form a seal, and the supporting portion is at least disposed between the cathode oxygen cavity opening and the oxygen inlet hole; and / or

[0011] The sealing portion at least surrounds the anode hydrogen cavity opening and the hydrogen inlet hole to form a seal, and the supporting portion is at least disposed between the anode hydrogen cavity opening and the hydrogen inlet hole;

[0012] Both the cathode sealing structure and the anode sealing structure are adhesive sealing structures; the seal is a stress contact type sealing structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cathode sealing structure also surrounds the edge portion of the cathode single plate to form a seal, the anode sealing structure also surrounds the edge portion of the anode single plate to form a seal, and the sealing portion also surrounds the edge portion of the cathode single plate or the anode single plate to form a seal.

[0014] In some embodiments, the supporting portion includes a plurality of protruding portions arranged at intervals, and a groove is formed between adjacent protruding portions. The height of the protruding portion is less than or equal to the height of the sealing portion.

[0015] In some embodiments, on the seal located on the side of the cathode single plate facing away from the membrane electrode assembly, the sealing portion surrounds the edge portion of the cathode single plate, the cathode oxygen cavity opening, the oxygen inlet hole, and the cathode hydrogen cavity opening;

[0016] The supporting portion extends along a first direction to the inside of the cathode hydrogen cavity opening, and the first direction is the direction from the cathode oxygen cavity opening to the cathode hydrogen cavity opening.

[0017] In some embodiments, on the seal located on the side of the anode monoplate away from the membrane electrode assembly, the sealing portion surrounds the edge portion of the anode monoplate, the anode hydrogen chamber opening, the periphery of the hydrogen inlet hole, and the periphery of the anode oxygen chamber opening;

[0018] The support portion extends along a second direction to the inside of the anode oxygen chamber opening, and the second direction is the direction from the anode hydrogen chamber opening to the anode oxygen chamber opening.

[0019] In some embodiments, the seal includes a first sub-seal and a second sub-seal. The first sub-seal is disposed on the side of the cathode monoplate away from the membrane electrode assembly, and the second sub-seal is disposed on the side of the anode monoplate away from the membrane electrode assembly. The structures of the first sub-seal and the second sub-seal are complementary. The sum of the projection of the first sub-seal on the plane where the cathode monoplate is located and the projection of the second sub-seal on the plane where the cathode monoplate is located is denoted as the total projection, and at least part of the total projection coincides with the entire projection of the cathode sealing structure on the plane where the cathode monoplate is located.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first sub-seal includes a first sub-sealing portion and a first sub-support portion. The first sub-sealing portion surrounds the cathode oxygen chamber opening and the periphery of the oxygen inlet hole, and the first sub-support portion is disposed between the cathode oxygen chamber opening and the oxygen inlet hole;

[0021] The second sub-seal includes a second sub-sealing portion and a second sub-support portion. The second sub-sealing portion surrounds the anode hydrogen chamber opening and the periphery of the hydrogen inlet hole, and the second sub-support portion is disposed between the anode hydrogen chamber opening and the hydrogen inlet hole;

[0022] The first sub-support portion extends from between the cathode oxygen chamber opening and the oxygen inlet hole to the inside of the cathode water chamber opening; or the second sub-support portion extends from between the anode hydrogen chamber opening and the hydrogen inlet hole to the inside of the anode water chamber opening.

[0023] In some embodiments, the width of the seal in any region is less than or equal to the width of the cathode sealing structure in any region; and / or the width of the seal in any region is less than or equal to the width of the anode sealing structure in any region.

[0024] In some embodiments, both the cathode sealing structure and the anode sealing structure are formed by an adhesive; and / or the seal is formed by rubber injection molding.

[0025] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell stack, including at least two integrated fuel cell single cells stacked, and the integrated fuel cell single cell is the integrated fuel cell single cell described in the first aspect.

[0026] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and do not limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated fuel cell single cell provided by the related art;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structures of a first sealing structure, a second sealing structure, and a third sealing structure provided by the related art;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a structure of an integrated fuel cell single cell provided by the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated fuel cell single cell provided by the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a structure of a seal provided by the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a structure of a sealing portion provided by the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 Partial schematic diagram of the seal provided by the present application disposed on the cathode single plate;

[0034] Figure 8 For Figure 7 Partial schematic diagram at the cathode oxygen cavity opening in

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the seal provided by the present application disposed on the anode single plate;

[0036] Figure 10 Another schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated fuel cell single cell provided by the present application;

[0037] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of a structure of a first sub-sealing portion provided by the present application;

[0038] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of a structure of a second sub-sealing portion provided by the present application;

[0039] Figure 13 Another schematic diagram of the structure of a first sub-sealing portion provided by the present application;

[0040] Figure 14 Another structural schematic diagram of the second sub-sealing part provided for this application;

[0041] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the state before compression of the previous single cell and the next single cell provided for this application;

[0042] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the state after compression of the previous single cell and the next single cell provided for this application;

[0043] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the contact stress distribution of the seal of the previous single cell and the anode single plate of the seal of the next single cell after compression provided for this application.

[0044] Reference numerals:

[0045] 1’ - Cathode plate;

[0046] 2’ - Anode plate;

[0047] 3’ - Membrane electrode;

[0048] 4’ - First sealing structure;

[0049] 5’ - Second sealing structure;

[0050] 6’ - Third sealing structure;

[0051] 7’ - Oxygen chamber opening;

[0052] 8’ - Water chamber opening;

[0053] 9’ - Hydrogen chamber opening;

[0054] 10’ - First flow structure;

[0055] 11’ - Second flow structure;

[0056] 1 - Cathode single plate;

[0057] 11 - Cathode oxygen chamber opening; 12 - Cathode water chamber opening; 13 - Cathode hydrogen chamber opening; 14 - Oxygen flow structure; 15 - Cathode flow field area; 16 - Oxygen inlet hole;

[0058] 2 - Anode single plate;

[0059] 21 - Anode oxygen chamber opening; 22 - Anode water chamber opening; 23 - Anode hydrogen chamber opening; 24 - Hydrogen flow structure; 25 - Anode flow field area; 26 - Hydrogen inlet hole;

[0060] 3 - Membrane electrode assembly;

[0061] 4 - Cathode sealing structure;

[0062] 5 - Anode sealing structure;

[0063] 6 - Seal;

[0064] 601 - First sub - seal;

[0065] 6011 - First sub - sealing part; 6012 - First sub - supporting part;

[0066] 602 - Second sub - seal;

[0067] 6021 - Second sub - sealing part; 6022 - Second sub - supporting part;

[0068] 61 - Sealing part;

[0069] 611 - First sealing part; 612 - Second sealing part; 613 - Third sealing part;

[0070] 62 - Supporting part;

[0071] 621 - Protrusion part; 622 - Groove.

[0072] The accompanying drawings here are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with this application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of this application. Detailed implementation manners

[0073] For a better understanding of the technical solutions of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0074] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative efforts belong to the scope protected by this application.

[0075] The terms used in the embodiments of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms of "a", "the" and "said" used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0076] It should be understood that the term " / " used herein is only a description of the associated relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0077] It should be noted that the directional words such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" described in the embodiments of the present application are described based on the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it should be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "on" or "under", it can not only be directly connected to the other element "on" or "under", but also be indirectly connected to the other element "on" or "under" through an intermediate element.

[0078] An integrated fuel cell is assembled from single cells, each consisting of a cathode unipolar plate, a membrane electrode assembly, and an anode unipolar plate, assembled in sequence to form a single cell. To isolate the reactants and products, the interfaces between the cathode unipolar plate and the membrane electrode assembly, the anode unipolar plate and the membrane electrode assembly, and the cathode and anode unipolar plates must be sealed. Furthermore, to facilitate the flow of reactants and products, the hydrogen chamber port and hydrogen flow field, the oxygen chamber port and oxygen flow field, and the water chamber port and cooling field all require flow channels.

[0079] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an integrated fuel cell cell provided for related technologies, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a cathode plate 1', an anode plate 2' and a membrane electrode 3', a first sealing structure 4' is provided between the cathode plate 1' and the membrane electrode 3', a second sealing structure 5' is provided between the anode plate 2' and the membrane electrode 3', and a third sealing structure 6' is provided on the side of the cathode plate 1' away from the membrane electrode 3'. Usually, the first sealing structure 4' and the second sealing structure 5' are obtained by coating an adhesive in the corresponding area and curing, and the third sealing structure 6' is obtained by rubber injection molding and adhering to the corresponding area with an adhesive. In addition, an oxygen cavity port 7', a water cavity port 8' and a hydrogen cavity port 9' are provided on the cathode plate 1' and the anode plate 2', respectively, for allowing reactants and products to circulate. A first circulation structure 10' for circulating oxygen is provided on the cathode monopolar plate 1', and a second circulation structure 11' for circulating hydrogen is provided on the anode plate 2'. Please continue to refer to Figure 1 In the above-described single cell, oxygen is transported sequentially through the third sealing structure 6' and the oxygen chamber port 8' to the space between the cathode plate 1' and the membrane electrode 3', where it participates in the electrochemical reaction. Hydrogen is transported through the hydrogen chamber port 10' to the space between the anode plate 2' and the membrane electrode 3', where it participates in the electrochemical reaction.

[0080] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sealing structure 4', the second sealing structure 5' and the third sealing structure 6' in the related art, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, since the projections of the first sealing structure 4', the second sealing structure 5' and the third sealing structure 6' at the oxygen chamber opening 7', the water chamber opening 8' and the hydrogen chamber opening 9' do not coincide, the seals in the non - coincident areas such as the oxygen chamber opening 7' and the hydrogen chamber opening 9' are not under pressure, and the glued non - coincident parts are likely to expand when gas is introduced during the operation of the single cell. In addition, the glued non - coincident parts are in an open state (exposed state) during the operation process and are easily corroded by the acidic substances generated by the reaction, further increasing the possibility of expansion during gas ventilation, resulting in seal failure, and then causing the problem of series leakage in the single cell, which affects the performance and use safety of the fuel single cell.

[0081] It can be understood that the series leakage of a fuel cell refers to the leakage or mixing of unexpected gases between different gas chambers inside a single cell. Once a fuel cell has a series leakage, it may cause hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel single cell not to effectively reach the reaction interface, unable to ensure the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell, and reducing the performance of the fuel cell. Moreover, hydrogen is highly flammable. Once there is a series leakage of hydrogen, hydrogen and oxygen are mixed together, and the high temperature generated during the operation of the fuel cell will cause it to explode.

[0082] In view of this, the present embodiment provides an integrated fuel cell single cell to solve the above - mentioned technical problems.

[0083] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the integrated fuel cell single cell provided by the present application is shown in Figure 3 , the single cell includes a cathode single - plate 1, an anode single - plate 2 and a membrane - electrode assembly 3 arranged in a stacked manner, and the membrane - electrode assembly 3 is arranged between the cathode single - plate 1 and the anode single - plate 2. Among them, the membrane - electrode assembly 3 is composed of a diffusion layer, a catalytic layer and a proton membrane, and energy is output through the redox reaction on the cathode and anode sides of the proton membrane. The cathode single - plate 1 includes a cathode oxygen chamber opening 11, a cathode water chamber opening 12 and a cathode hydrogen chamber opening 13 respectively arranged at both ends of the cathode single - plate 1. An oxygen flow - through structure 14 is arranged inside the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11, and the oxygen flow - through structure 14 is used to transport the oxygen transported from the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11 to the cathode flow - field area 15 of the cathode single - plate 1, improving the distribution uniformity of oxygen in the single cell. The anode single - plate 2 includes an anode oxygen chamber opening 21, an anode water chamber opening 22 and an anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 respectively arranged at both ends of the anode single - plate 2. A hydrogen flow - through structure 24 is arranged inside the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23, and the hydrogen flow - through structure 24 is used to transport the hydrogen transported from the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 to the anode flow - field area 25 of the anode single - plate 2, improving the distribution uniformity of hydrogen in the single cell. The main functions of the cathode single - plate 1 and the anode single - plate 2 are to support the membrane - electrode assembly 3, provide fluid channels for hydrogen, oxygen and coolant, separate hydrogen and oxygen, collect electrons and conduct heat, etc.

[0084] Furthermore, Figure 4Another structural schematic diagram of the integrated fuel cell single cell provided by this application, please refer to Figure 4 , an oxygen inlet hole 16 communicating with the oxygen flow structure 14 is formed on the cathode single plate 1, and the oxygen inlet hole 16 is arranged between the oxygen flow structure 14 and the cathode oxygen cavity opening 11. In this way, oxygen is transported to the cathode flow field area 15 of the cathode single plate 1 through the cathode oxygen cavity opening 11 and the oxygen flow structure 14. Correspondingly, a hydrogen inlet hole 26 communicating with the hydrogen flow structure 24 is formed on the anode single plate 2, and the hydrogen inlet hole 26 is arranged between the hydrogen flow structure 24 and the anode oxygen cavity opening 21. In this way, hydrogen is transported to the anode flow field area 25 of the anode single plate 2 through the hydrogen inlet hole 26 and the hydrogen flow structure 24.

[0085] In some embodiments, the pore morphologies of the oxygen inlet hole 16 and the hydrogen inlet hole 26 include but are not limited to at least one of a circular hole, a square hole, a strip hole, and an oval hole.

[0086] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 , a cathode sealing structure 4 is arranged between the cathode single plate 1 and the membrane electrode assembly 3, and an anode sealing structure 5 is arranged between the anode single plate 2 and the membrane electrode assembly 3. Both the cathode sealing structure 3 and the anode sealing structure 5 are adhesive sealing structures. The cathode sealing structure 4 and the anode sealing structure 5 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly 3. Specifically:

[0087] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 , the cathode sealing structure 4 respectively surrounds each cavity opening on the cathode single plate 1 to form a seal, and the anode sealing structure 5 respectively surrounds each cavity opening on the anode single plate 2 to form a seal. That is, the cathode sealing structure 4 respectively surrounds the cathode oxygen cavity opening 11, the cathode water cavity opening 12, and the cathode hydrogen cavity opening 13 on the cathode single plate 1, and the anode sealing structure 5 respectively surrounds the anode oxygen cavity opening 21, the anode water cavity opening 22, and the anode hydrogen cavity opening 23 on the anode single plate 2. In this way, in the integrated fuel cell single cell of this application, the cathode sealing structure 4 and the anode sealing structure 5 are completely corresponding at each cavity opening, and there is no unpressurized area. When the single cell is working, the unpressurized areas of the cathode sealing structure 4 and the anode sealing structure 5 into which gas is introduced are not easily bulged, which can effectively improve the effectiveness and durability of the adhesive sealing structure in the single cell and reduce the problem of series leakage in the single cell.

[0088] Further, the integrated fuel cell single cell of the present application further includes a seal 6. The seal 6 is a stress contact type sealing structure. The stress contact type sealing structure refers to a mechanical design that uses contact stress to achieve sealing, and it is usually used in application scenarios to prevent fluid or gas leakage. The seal 6 is disposed on one side of the cathode single plate 1 and / or the anode single plate 2 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3. At least a part of the projection of the seal 6 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located coincides with the entire projection of the cathode sealing structure 4 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located. It can be understood that the projection A of the seal 6 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located not only includes the part that completely coincides with the projection A1 of the cathode sealing structure 4 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located, but also includes other parts that do not coincide with the projection A1.

[0089] In the present application, the seal 6 can be singly disposed on one side of the cathode single plate 1 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3, can also be singly disposed on one side of the anode single plate 2 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3, or can be disposed on one side of the cathode single plate 1 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3 and also on one side of the anode single plate 2 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3. Figure 4 Only the schematic structural diagram of the seal 6 singly disposed on one side of the cathode single plate 1 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3 is shown. It can be understood that since the cathode sealing structure 4 and the anode sealing structure 5 have the same structure and are symmetrically disposed, when the seal 6 is disposed on one side of the cathode sealing structure 4 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3, at least a part of the projection of the seal 6 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located coincides with the entire projection of the cathode sealing structure 4 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located. When the seal 6 is disposed on one side of the anode sealing structure 5 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3, at least a part of the projection of the seal 6 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located coincides with the entire projection of the anode sealing structure 5 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located. When the seal 6 is disposed on one side of the cathode single plate 1 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3 and also on one side of the anode single plate 2 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3, at least a part of the projection of the part of the seal 6 disposed on one side of the cathode single plate 1 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located coincides with a part of the entire projection of the cathode sealing structure 4 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located, and at least a part of the projection of the part of the seal 6 disposed on one side of the anode single plate 2 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located coincides with a part of the entire projection of the anode sealing structure 5 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located. The sum of the above-mentioned partially coincident projections coincides with the entire projection of the cathode sealing structure 4 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located, or the sum of the above-mentioned partially coincident projections coincides with the entire projection of the anode sealing structure 5 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located.

[0090] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of the seal is shown. Please refer to Figure 5, the seal 6 includes a sealing portion 61 and a supporting portion 62, and the supporting portions 62 are arranged at different heights at intervals.

[0091] The sealing portion 61 at least surrounds the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11 and the oxygen inlet hole 16 to form a seal, and the supporting portion 62 is at least arranged between the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11 and the oxygen inlet hole 16. That is, the area surrounded by the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11 and the oxygen inlet hole 16 is sealed by the sealing portion 61. The supporting portion 62 is used to support the area surrounded by the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11 and the oxygen inlet hole 16, and can also make the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11 and the oxygen inlet hole 16 communicate with each other for the circulation of oxygen. And / or

[0092] The sealing portion 61 at least surrounds the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 26 to form a seal, and the supporting portion 62 is at least arranged between the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 26. That is, the area surrounded by the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 26 is sealed by the sealing portion 61. The supporting portion 62 is used to support the area surrounded by the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 26, and can also make the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 26 communicate with each other for the circulation of hydrogen.

[0093] In this application, by setting the symmetric cathode sealing structure 4 and anode sealing structure 5, and further setting the seal 6 whose projection completely coincides with that of the cathode sealing structure 4, it is ensured that the projections of all the sealing structures of the integrated fuel cell single cell on the plane of the cathode single plate 1 have completely consistent parts at each chamber opening of the cathode single plate 1, reducing the possibility of the above-mentioned sealing structures bulging when gas is introduced during the operation of the single cell, effectively improving the effectiveness and durability of the sealing structures in the single cell, reducing the problem of series leakage in the single cell, and improving the performance and safety of the single cell. In addition, the supporting portion 62 of the seal 6 and the gas inlet holes (hydrogen inlet hole 26 and oxygen inlet hole 16) can change the flow path of the reaction gas, enabling good circulation of each reaction gas in the single cell. During the operation of the single cell, oxygen enters through the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11, and the supporting portions 62 arranged at different heights at intervals enable oxygen to flow from the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11 through the supporting portion 62 and the oxygen inlet hole 16 into the space between the cathode single plate 1 and the membrane electrode assembly 3; hydrogen enters through the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23, and the supporting portions 62 arranged at different heights at intervals enable hydrogen to flow from the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 through the supporting portion 62 and the hydrogen inlet hole 26 into the space between the anode single plate 2 and the membrane electrode assembly 3. Then, oxygen and hydrogen undergo an electrochemical reaction through the catalyst and proton membrane on the membrane electrode assembly 3. Thus, the cathode sealing structure 4, anode sealing structure 5 and sealing portion 61 of this application provide sealing and confinement functions, and the hydrogen inlet hole 26, oxygen inlet hole 16 and supporting portion 62 are used to guide the flow of hydrogen, oxygen and coolant, ensuring the smooth progress of the electrochemical reaction in the single cell while the single cell has effective and durable sealing performance, reducing the problem of series leakage in the single cell.

[0094] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the cathode single plate 1 includes a central portion and an edge portion surrounding the central portion on all sides, the anode single plate 2 includes a central portion and an edge portion surrounding the central portion on all sides, the cathode sealing structure 4 also surrounds the edge portion of the cathode single plate 1 to form a seal, the anode sealing structure 5 also surrounds the edge portion of the anode single plate 2 to form a seal, and the sealing portion 61 also surrounds the edge portion of the cathode single plate 1 or the anode single plate 2 to form a seal, preventing hydrogen, oxygen, and coolant from overflowing from the edge portions of the cathode single plate 1 and the anode single plate 2, and reducing the electrochemical reaction efficiency of the single cell. It can be understood that the edge portions of the cathode single plate 1 and the anode single plate 2 are farther from the flow field region of the single cell than the central portion, and the central portion and the edge portion of the cathode single plate 1 and / or the anode single plate 2 are artificially divided, and there is no substantial distinguishing interface between them.

[0095] In some embodiments, the width of the seal 6 in any region is less than or equal to the width of the cathode sealing structure 4 in any region; and / or the width of the seal 6 in any region is less than or equal to the width of the anode sealing structure 5 in any region. Compared with the anode sealing structure 4 and the cathode sealing structure 5, the width of the seal 6 in any region is narrower, which helps to optimize the design of the flow field region of the single cell and improve the gas distribution efficiency. In addition, the seal 6 with a narrower width can avoid applying excessive pressure to the region on the side of the cathode sealing structure 4 or the anode sealing structure 5 away from the membrane electrode assembly 3, and improve the mechanical stability of the single cell.

[0096] In some embodiments, both the cathode sealing structure 4 and the anode sealing structure 5 are formed by using an adhesive. In some embodiments, at least one of the cathode sealing structure 4 and the anode sealing structure 5 can be formed by hot pressing or roll pressing a solid adhesive film, and the solid adhesive film can be, for example, a hot melt adhesive film and an ultraviolet light curable adhesive film, etc. In other embodiments, at least one of the cathode sealing structure 4 and the anode sealing structure 5 can be formed by coating a liquid adhesive. The liquid adhesive can be, for example, a hot melt adhesive, a quick-drying adhesive (also known as an instant adhesive), and an ultraviolet light curable adhesive, etc.

[0097] In some embodiments, the seal 6 is formed by rubber injection molding. The rubber can be, for example, silicone rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, and fluororubber, etc. Preferably, the seal 6 can also be formed by injection molding after coating an adhesive on the bottom of the above rubber.

[0098] The structure of the seal 6 will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0099] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 4, the seal 6 is arranged on the side of the cathode single plate 1 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3. The seal 6 includes a sealing portion 61 and a supporting portion 62, and the supporting portion 62 is arranged at high and low intervals.

[0100] Figure 6 For a structural schematic diagram of the sealing portion, please refer to Figure 6 , the sealing portion 61 includes a first sealing portion 611, a second sealing portion 612 and a third sealing portion 613. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the first sealing portion 611 surrounds the edge portion of the cathode single plate 1 to form a seal to prevent the coolant from overflowing from the edge of the cathode single plate 1. The second sealing portion 612 surrounds the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11 and the oxygen inlet hole 16 to form a seal, that is, the second sealing portion 612 seals the area jointly formed by the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11 and the oxygen inlet hole 16. The third sealing portion 613 surrounds the cathode hydrogen chamber opening 13 to form a seal.

[0101] Figure 7 For a partial structural schematic diagram of the seal 6 arranged on the cathode single plate 1, please refer to Figure 7 , the supporting portion 62 is arranged between the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11 and the oxygen inlet hole 16 and extends to the inside of the cathode hydrogen chamber opening 13, that is, the cathode hydrogen chamber opening 13 and the cathode oxygen chamber opening 11 area. The supporting portion 62 is arranged inside the second sealing portion 612 and the third sealing portion 613. While the supporting portion 62 plays a supporting role, the supporting portion 62 is also used for the circulation of gas in the second sealing portion 612 and the third sealing portion 613.

[0102] In some embodiments, Figure 8 For Figure 7 a partial structural schematic diagram at the cathode oxygen chamber opening in Figure 8 , the supporting portion 62 includes a plurality of protruding portions 621 arranged at intervals, and grooves 622 are formed between adjacent protruding portions 621. The height of the protruding portion 621 is less than or equal to the height of the sealing portion 61. The groove 622 of the supporting portion 62 in the present application is used for the circulation of hydrogen and / or oxygen. When multiple single cells are stacked, the protruding portion 621 can play a certain supporting role for adjacent single cells, improving the structural stability when multiple single cells are stacked.

[0103] It can be understood that inside the second sealing portion 612, the support portion 62 has two opposite ends, and the two ends of the support portion 62 are respectively connected to the second sealing portion 612. Inside the third sealing portion 613, the support portion 62 also has two opposite ends, and the two ends of the support portion 62 are respectively connected to the third sealing portion 613. Moreover, the second sealing portion 612 is used to separate and seal the cathode hydrogen cavity opening 13 and the cathode water cavity opening 12, and the third sealing portion 613 is used to separate and seal the cathode water cavity opening 12 and the cathode oxygen cavity opening 11. In this way, a complete sealing structure is provided on the path of the hydrogen circulation structure 24 corresponding to the anode single plate 2 on the cathode single plate 1, ensuring the circulation and sealing of the reaction gas.

[0104] In this embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 7 , the support portion 62 divides the second sealing portion 612 into a region surrounding the cathode oxygen cavity opening 11 and a region not surrounding the cathode oxygen cavity opening 11. The projection of the region surrounding the cathode oxygen cavity opening 11 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located coincides with the projection of the cathode sealing structure 4 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located at the cathode oxygen cavity opening 11. The support portion 62 divides the third sealing portion 613 into a region surrounding the cathode hydrogen cavity opening 13 and a region not surrounding the cathode hydrogen cavity opening 13. The projection of the region surrounding the cathode hydrogen cavity opening 13 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located coincides with the projection of the cathode sealing structure 4 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located at the cathode hydrogen cavity opening 13. The projection of the region commonly surrounded by the support portion 62, the first sealing portion 611, the second sealing portion 612, and the third sealing portion 613 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located coincides with the projection of the cathode sealing structure 4 on the plane where the cathode single plate 1 is located at the cathode water cavity opening 12, so that there is no unpressurized part of the seal 6 at each cavity opening of the cathode single plate 1, reducing the possibility of the single cell bulging during operation.

[0105] In some embodiments, the seal 6 is disposed on the side of the anode single plate 2 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3. The seal 6 includes a sealing portion 61 and a support portion 62, and the support portion 62 is arranged at different heights.

[0106] Figure 9 For a schematic diagram of the structure of the seal 6 disposed on the anode single plate 1, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 9 The sealing portion 61 includes a first sealing portion 611, a second sealing portion 612, and a third sealing portion 613. The first sealing portion 611 surrounds the edge portion of the anode single plate 2 to form a seal to prevent hydrogen or oxygen from overflowing from the edge of the anode single plate 2. The second sealing portion 612 surrounds the anode hydrogen cavity opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 26 to form a seal, that is, the second sealing portion 612 seals the region jointly formed by the anode hydrogen cavity opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 26. The third sealing portion 613 surrounds the anode oxygen cavity opening 21 to form a seal.

[0107] Please continue to refer to Figure 9 , the support portion 62 is disposed between the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 26, and extends to the inner side of the anode oxygen chamber opening 21, that is, in the regions of the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 and the anode oxygen chamber opening 21. The support portion 62 is disposed inside the second sealing portion 612 and the third sealing portion 613. While the support portion 62 plays a supporting role, the support portion 62 is also used for the gas circulation in the second sealing portion 612 and the third sealing portion 613.

[0108] In this embodiment, the projection of the region formed by the support portion 62 and the first sealing portion 611, the second sealing portion 612, and the third sealing portion 613 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located coincides with the projection of the anode sealing structure 5 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located, so that there is no unpressurized part of the seal at each chamber opening of the anode single plate 2, reducing the possibility of the single cell bulging during the working state.

[0109] It can be understood that inside the second sealing portion 612, the support portion 62 has two relatively arranged ends, and the two ends of the support portion 62 are respectively connected to the second sealing portion 612. Inside the third sealing portion 613, the support portion 62 also has two relatively arranged ends, and the two ends of the support portion 62 are respectively connected to the third sealing portion 613. Moreover, the second sealing portion 612 is used to separate and seal the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 and the anode water chamber opening 22, and the third sealing portion 613 is used to separate and seal the anode water chamber opening 22 and the anode oxygen chamber opening 21. In this way, a complete sealing structure is provided on the path of the anode single plate 2 corresponding to the oxygen circulation structure 14 of the cathode single plate 1, ensuring the circulation and sealing of the reaction gas.

[0110] In this embodiment, the support portion 62 divides the third sealing portion 613 into a region surrounding the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 and a region not surrounding the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23. The projection of the region surrounding the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located coincides with the projection of the anode sealing structure 5 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located at the anode hydrogen chamber opening 23. The support portion 62 divides the second sealing portion 612 into a region surrounding the anode oxygen chamber opening 21 and a region not surrounding the anode oxygen chamber opening 21. The projection of the region surrounding the anode oxygen chamber opening 21 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located coincides with the projection of the anode sealing structure 5 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located at the cathode hydrogen chamber opening 13. The projection of the region jointly surrounded by the support portion 62, the first sealing portion 611, the second sealing portion 612, and the third sealing portion 613 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located coincides with the projection of the anode sealing structure 5 on the plane where the anode single plate 2 is located at the anode water chamber opening 22, so that there is no unpressurized part of the seal at each chamber opening of the anode single plate 2, reducing the possibility of the single cell bulging during the working state.

[0111] In some embodiments, the seal 6 is disposed on the side of the anode monopolar plate 2 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3 and also on the side of the cathode monopolar plate 1 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3.

[0112] The seal 6 includes a first sub-seal 601 and a second sub-seal 602. Figure 10 For another structural schematic diagram of the integrated fuel cell single cell provided by the present application, please refer to Figure 10 , the first sub-seal 601 is disposed on the side of the cathode monopolar plate 1 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3, the second sub-seal 602 is disposed on the side of the anode monopolar plate 2 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3, the structures of the first sub-seal 601 and the second sub-seal 602 are complementary, the sum of the projection of the first sub-seal 601 on the plane where the cathode monopolar plate 1 is located and the projection of the second sub-seal 602 on the plane where the cathode monopolar plate 1 is located is denoted as the total projection, and at least a part of the total projection coincides with the entire projection of the cathode sealing structure 4 on the plane where the cathode monopolar plate 1 is located. Thus, there are completely consistent parts of the total projection of the first sub-seal 601 and the second sub-seal 602, the cathode sealing structure 4 and the anode sealing structure 5 at each orifice of the single cell, reducing the possibility of the above-mentioned sealing structures bulging when gas is introduced during the operation of the single cell, effectively improving the effectiveness and durability of the sealing structures in the single cell, reducing the problem of series leakage in the single cell, and improving the performance and safety of the single cell. It can be understood that the projection of the first sub-seal 601 on the plane where the cathode monopolar plate 1 is located is denoted as projection 1, the projection of the second sub-seal 602 on the plane where the cathode monopolar plate 1 is located is denoted as projection 2, and the total projection of the first sub-seal 601 and the second sub-seal 602 refers to the state of adding projection 1 and projection 2. It should be noted that there is no overlapping part between projection 1 and projection 2, otherwise, there will be interference between single cells when multiple single cells are stacked to form a fuel cell stack.

[0113] In some embodiments, Figure 11 For a structural schematic diagram of the first sub-sealing part, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 , the first sub-seal 601 includes a first sub-sealing part 6011 and a first sub-support part 6012. The first sub-sealing part 6011 is hermetically disposed around the cathode oxygen orifice 1 and the oxygen inlet hole 16, and the first sub-support part 6012 is disposed between the cathode oxygen orifice 11 and the oxygen inlet hole 16. Further, the first sub-support part 6012 extends from between the cathode oxygen orifice 11 and the oxygen inlet hole 16 to the inside of the cathode water orifice 12.

[0114] Further, please continue to refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11, the first sub-sealing part 6011 also semi-surrounds the cathode water cavity opening 12 to form a semi-seal, and the first sub-sealing part 6011 and the first sub-supporting part 6012 jointly surround the four sides of the cathode water cavity opening 12. In this way, there are completely overlapping parts in the projections of the first sub-sealing member 601 on the cathode single plate 1 and the cathode sealing structure 4 on the cathode single plate 1 at the cathode oxygen cavity opening 11 and the cathode water cavity opening 12.

[0115] Figure 12 For a schematic structural view of the second sub-sealing part, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 12 , the second sub-sealing part 6021 is hermetically arranged around the anode hydrogen cavity opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 23, and the second sub-supporting part 6022 is arranged between the anode hydrogen cavity opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 23. There are completely overlapping parts in the projections of the second sub-sealing member 602 on the anode single plate 5 and the cathode sealing structure 4 on the cathode single plate 2 at the anode hydrogen cavity opening 23.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first sub-sealing part 6011 also surrounds the edge part of the cathode single plate 1 to form a seal. Or the second sub-sealing part 6021 also surrounds the edge part of the anode single plate 2 to form a seal.

[0117] In some other embodiments, Figure 13 For another schematic structural view of the first sub-sealing part, please refer to Figure 13 , the first sub-sealing part 6011 is hermetically arranged around the cathode oxygen cavity opening 1 and the oxygen inlet hole 16. The first sub-supporting part 6012 is arranged between the cathode oxygen cavity opening 11 and the oxygen inlet hole 16.

[0118] Figure 14 For another schematic structural view of the second sub-supporting part, please refer to Figure 14 , the second sub-sealing part 6021 is hermetically arranged around the anode hydrogen cavity opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 23, and the second sub-supporting part 6022 is arranged between the anode hydrogen cavity opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 23. Further, the second sub-supporting part 6022 extends from between the anode hydrogen cavity opening 23 and the hydrogen inlet hole 26 to the inside of the anode water cavity opening 22.

[0119] Further, the second sub-sealing part 6021 also semi-surrounds the anode water cavity opening 22 to form a semi-seal, and the second sub-sealing part 6021 and the second sub-supporting part 6022 jointly surround the four sides of the anode water cavity opening 2. In this way, there are completely overlapping parts in the projections of the second sub-sealing member 602 on the anode single plate 2 and the cathode sealing structure 4 on the cathode single plate 1 at the anode hydrogen cavity opening 23 and the anode water cavity opening 22.

[0120] In summary, in the present application, by providing the cathode sealing structure 4 and the anode sealing structure 5 with the same and symmetric structures, and further providing a sealing member whose projection completely coincides with that of the cathode sealing structure 4, it is possible to ensure that under the premise of the chemical gas flow of the single cell, the projections of all the sealing structures of the single cell on the plane of the cathode single plate 1 have completely consistent parts at each cavity opening of the cathode single plate 1, reducing the possibility of the above-mentioned sealing structures bulging when gas is introduced during the operation of the single cell, effectively improving the effectiveness and durability of the sealing structure in the single cell, reducing the problem of series leakage in the single cell, and improving the performance and safety of the single cell. Compared with the single cell in the related art 1, the present application does not simply improve the structures of the first sealing structure 4' and the second sealing structure 5' on the basis of the third sealing structure 6' to maximize the coincidence of the projections of the structures of the third sealing structure 6', the first sealing structure 4' and the second sealing structure 5' on the plane of the cathode plate 1', but simultaneously improves the structures of the sealing member 6, the cathode sealing structure 4 and the anode sealing structure 5, optimizes the reaction gas flow path of the single cell, and improves the sealing effect of the single cell while ensuring the good progress of the electrochemical reaction of the single cell.

[0121] This embodiment also provides a fuel cell stack, including at least two integrally stacked fuel cell single cells. In this embodiment, by optimizing the structure of the integrally stacked fuel cell single cell, it is possible to improve the sealing effectiveness and durability of the single cell under the premise of the gas flow of the single cell, reduce the problem of series leakage in the single cell, and effectively improve the use safety and efficiency of the fuel cell stack.

[0122] In some embodiments, taking the example of providing a sealing member on the side of the cathode single plate 2 facing away from the membrane electrode assembly 3, when multiple single cells are stacked to form a fuel cell stack, the sealing member 6 is disposed between the anode single plate 2 of the previous single cell and the cathode single plate 1 of the next single cell, and a further force is applied to compress the sealing member 6 between the anode single plate 2 of the previous single cell and the anode single plate 2 of the previous single cell, so that the sealing member 6 seals the anode single plate 2 of the previous single cell and the cathode single plate 1 of the next single cell. Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the state before compression, Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the state after compression, please refer to Figures 15 - 16 After compression, the hydrogen flow structure 24 on the anode single plate 2 of the previous single cell abuts against the sealing member 6. Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the contact stress distribution of the sealing member after compression between the anode single plate 2 of the previous single cell and the cathode single plate 1 of the next single cell. A pressure-sensitive paper is used for testing to measure the magnitude of the above-mentioned contact stress. Figure 17Among them, the abscissa is the test point position on the seal 6, and the ordinate is the contact stress value corresponding to different test point positions. After testing, the contact stress at each point in the area where the hydrogen circulation structure 24 protrudes and the area where the hydrogen circulation structure 24 depresses on the seal is above 3.5 MPa, which can meet the sealing requirements of the conventional 0.2 MPa - 0.3 MPa air pressure of the fuel cell under various working conditions.

[0123] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An integrated fuel cell single cell, comprising a cathode single plate, a membrane electrode assembly, and an anode single plate arranged along the thickness direction of the single cell. A cathode oxygen cavity opening, a cathode hydrogen cavity opening, and a cathode water cavity opening are provided on the cathode single plate. An anode oxygen cavity opening, an anode hydrogen cavity opening, and an anode water cavity opening are provided on the anode single plate. An oxygen flow structure is provided inside the cathode oxygen cavity opening, and a hydrogen flow structure is provided inside the anode hydrogen cavity opening. It is characterized in that an oxygen inlet hole communicating with the oxygen flow structure is formed on the cathode single plate, and the oxygen inlet hole is arranged between the oxygen flow structure and the cathode oxygen cavity opening; a hydrogen inlet hole communicating with the hydrogen flow structure is formed on the anode single plate, and the hydrogen inlet hole is arranged between the hydrogen flow structure and the anode hydrogen cavity opening; the single cell further comprises a cathode sealing structure and an anode sealing structure which are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. The cathode sealing structure is arranged between the membrane electrode assembly and the cathode single plate, and the anode sealing structure is arranged between the membrane electrode assembly and the anode single plate. The cathode sealing structure respectively encloses each cavity opening on the cathode single plate to form a seal, and the anode sealing structure respectively encloses each cavity opening on the anode single plate to form a seal; the single cell further comprises a seal, and the seal is arranged on one side of the cathode single plate and / or the anode single plate facing away from the membrane electrode assembly. At least part of the projection of the seal on the plane where the cathode single plate is located coincides with the entire projection of the cathode sealing structure on the plane where the cathode single plate is located; the seal comprises a sealing part and a supporting part, the supporting part is arranged at different heights at intervals, the supporting part comprises a plurality of protruding parts arranged at intervals, and a groove is formed between adjacent protruding parts. The height of the protruding part is less than or equal to the height of the sealing part; the sealing part at least encloses the periphery of the cathode oxygen cavity opening and the oxygen inlet hole to form a seal, and the supporting part is at least arranged between the cathode oxygen cavity opening and the oxygen inlet hole; and / or the sealing part at least encloses the periphery of the anode hydrogen cavity opening and the hydrogen inlet hole to form a seal, and the supporting part is at least arranged between the anode hydrogen cavity opening and the hydrogen inlet hole; both the cathode sealing structure and the anode sealing structure are adhesive sealing structures; the seal is a stress contact type sealing structure.

2. The integrated fuel cell single cell according to claim 1, wherein the cathode sealing structure also encloses the edge part of the cathode single plate to form a seal, the anode sealing structure also encloses the edge part of the anode single plate to form a seal, and the sealing part also encloses the edge part of the cathode single plate or the anode single plate to form a seal.

3. The integrated fuel cell single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, on the seal located on the side of the cathode single plate facing away from the membrane electrode assembly, the sealing part encloses the periphery of the edge part of the cathode single plate, the cathode oxygen cavity opening, the oxygen inlet hole, and the cathode hydrogen cavity opening; the supporting part extends to the inside of the cathode hydrogen cavity opening along a first direction, and the first direction is the direction from the cathode oxygen cavity opening to the cathode hydrogen cavity opening.

4. The integrated fuel cell single cell according to claim 1, wherein, On the seal located on the side of the anode single plate away from the membrane electrode assembly, the sealing portion surrounds the edge portion of the anode single plate, the anode hydrogen chamber opening, the periphery of the hydrogen inlet hole, and the periphery of the anode oxygen chamber opening; The support portion extends along a second direction to the inside of the anode oxygen chamber opening, and the second direction is the direction from the anode hydrogen chamber opening to the anode oxygen chamber opening.

5. The integrated fuel cell single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seal includes a first sub-seal and a second sub-seal. The first sub-seal is disposed on the side of the cathode single plate away from the membrane electrode assembly, and the second sub-seal is disposed on the side of the anode single plate away from the membrane electrode assembly. The structures of the first sub-seal and the second sub-seal are complementary. The sum of the projection of the first sub-seal on the plane where the cathode single plate is located and the projection of the second sub-seal on the plane where the cathode single plate is located is denoted as the total projection, and at least part of the total projection coincides with the entire projection of the cathode sealing structure on the plane where the cathode single plate is located.

6. The integrated fuel cell single cell according to claim 5, wherein The first sub-seal includes a first sub-sealing portion and a first sub-support portion. The first sub-sealing portion surrounds the cathode oxygen chamber opening and the periphery of the oxygen inlet hole, and the first sub-support portion is disposed between the cathode oxygen chamber opening and the oxygen inlet hole; The second sub-seal includes a second sub-sealing portion and a second sub-support portion. The second sub-sealing portion surrounds the anode hydrogen chamber opening and the periphery of the hydrogen inlet hole, and the second sub-support portion is disposed between the anode hydrogen chamber opening and the hydrogen inlet hole; The first sub-support portion extends from between the cathode oxygen chamber opening and the oxygen inlet hole to the inside of the cathode water chamber opening; or the second sub-support portion extends from between the anode hydrogen chamber opening and the hydrogen inlet hole to the inside of the anode water chamber opening.

7. The integrated fuel cell single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the seal in any region is less than or equal to the width of the cathode sealing structure in any region; and / or the width of the seal in any region is less than or equal to the width of the anode sealing structure in any region.

8. The integrated fuel cell single cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the cathode sealing structure and the anode sealing structure are formed by an adhesive; and / or the seal is formed by rubber injection molding.

9. A fuel cell stack, characterized in that, It includes at least two stacked integrated fuel cell single cells, and the integrated fuel cell single cell is the integrated fuel cell single cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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