A permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of motor design, and provides a permanent magnet motor, a stator core, a rotor magnet, a main shaft, a housing assembly, a rotating shaft, an air cooling mechanism and a liquid cooling mechanism, wherein the rotating shaft is coaxially connected to the side end face of the rotor magnet; the housing assembly includes a housing and a front cover and a rear cover respectively arranged on the end faces of both sides of the housing, a movable cover is slidably sleeved at one end of the housing close to the rear cover, and an outer cover cover is arranged on the housing fixing frame, and the outer cover cover is arranged on the rear cover and the movable cover; the air cooling mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the movable cover, and the liquid cooling mechanism is arranged on the outer cover cover; a double-stroke mechanism for driving the movable cover to move is arranged between the housing and the movable cover. Based on this, the motor can have the function of multi-mode heat dissipation, and the heat dissipation mode can be automatically adjusted according to the actual temperature inside the motor to adapt to the heat dissipation requirements of the motor in various application environments, and achieve energy-saving effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of motor design, and in particular to a permanent magnet motor. Background Art

[0002] Permanent magnet motor is a kind of motor. Like DC motor and induction motor, permanent magnet motor is also composed of stator, rotor and auxiliary device. There are three-phase AC winding on the stator and excitation winding on the rotor. When DC current is passed, it can generate magnetic field. Permanent magnet motor has the advantages of small size, high efficiency, simple structure and less copper. It is widely used in various electronic equipment or appliances, as well as automobiles, motorcycles, electric bicycles, battery vehicles, ships, aviation, machinery and other industries.

[0003] When designing existing permanent magnet motors, cooling blades are usually installed on the motor shaft. When the shaft rotates due to the torque in the magnetic field, it can drive the cooling blades to rotate, thereby accelerating the flow of air inside and outside, thereby playing a role in heat dissipation. However, the output power of motors in different application environments is different. When the motor is running at low power, its internal temperature rises slowly, and energy is wasted when the cooling blades continue to rotate to dissipate heat. When the motor is running at high power, its internal temperature rises quickly, and the heat dissipation by the rotation of the cooling blades alone may not meet the heat dissipation needs of the motor, so it needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the present application provides a permanent magnet motor with a multi-mode heat dissipation function, which can automatically adjust the heat dissipation mode according to the actual temperature inside the motor to adapt to the heat dissipation requirements of the motor in various application environments and achieve energy-saving effects.

[0005] The permanent magnet motor provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A permanent magnet motor comprises a stator core, a rotor magnet, a main shaft, a housing assembly, a rotating shaft, an air cooling mechanism and a liquid cooling mechanism, wherein the housing assembly comprises a housing and a front cover and a rear cover respectively arranged on both side end surfaces of the housing, the main shaft is rotatably connected to the front cover through a first bearing; the rotor magnet is coaxially connected to one end of the main shaft; the stator core is fixed to the inner wall of the housing, and the stator core is coaxially arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor magnet; the inner wall of the housing is provided with a temperature sensor for detecting the internal temperature of the motor;

[0007] The rotating shaft is coaxially connected to the side end surface of the rotor magnet away from the main shaft, and the rotating shaft is arranged through the rear end cover and is rotatably connected to the rear end cover through the second bearing; a movable cover is slidably sleeved on one end of the housing close to the rear end cover, and the housing fixing frame is provided with an outer cover cover, and the outer cover cover is arranged on the rear end cover and the movable cover; the air cooling mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the movable cover, and the liquid cooling mechanism is arranged on the outer cover cover;

[0008] A double-stroke mechanism for driving the movable cover to move is provided between the outer shell and the movable cover. The double-stroke mechanism has an initial state, a first stroke state and a second stroke state. When the double-stroke mechanism is in the first stroke state, the air cooling mechanism and the rotating shaft are circumferentially linked; when the double-stroke mechanism is in the second stroke state, the liquid cooling mechanism and the air cooling mechanism cooperate with each other to force the liquid cooling mechanism to inject liquid into the inside of the shell assembly for cooling when the rotating shaft rotates.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotor magnet can drive the main shaft and the rotating shaft to rotate together under the action of the magnetic field; by setting a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature inside the motor in real time, when the motor is running at low power and the internal temperature is low, the double-stroke mechanism is in the initial state, and the heat dissipation structure of the shell assembly can be used to achieve natural heat dissipation of the motor. When the internal temperature of the motor rises to the warning value, the temperature sensor sends a signal to control the double-stroke mechanism to be in the first stroke state. At this time, the air cooling mechanism and the rotating shaft are circumferentially linked, and the rotation of the rotating shaft can drive the air cooling mechanism to operate, thereby accelerating the exchange rate of air inside and outside the shell assembly and quickly reducing the temperature inside the motor.

[0010] When the motor is running at high power and the internal temperature rises too quickly to the alarm value, the temperature sensor sends a signal to control the dual-stroke mechanism to be in the second stroke state. At this time, the rotation of the shaft can force the liquid cooling mechanism to inject liquid into the shell for cooling. The two methods of air cooling and liquid cooling work together to quickly take away the heat inside the motor to meet the motor's heat dissipation needs.

[0011] From the above, it can be seen that the permanent magnet motor of the present application has the function of multi-mode heat dissipation. The temperature inside the motor is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor, and the heat dissipation mode can be automatically adjusted according to the actual temperature inside the motor to adapt to the heat dissipation requirements of the motor in various application environments and achieve energy-saving effects.

[0012] Optionally, the air cooling mechanism includes a rotating seat and a plurality of heat dissipation blades, the rotating seat is provided with a plurality of structural grooves for heat dissipation, and each heat dissipation blade is respectively arranged in each structural groove; a spline groove is arranged at the center of the rotating seat, and a spline block is arranged on the outer peripheral side fixed sleeve of the rotating shaft, and in the initial state, the spline block is located on the side of the rotating seat away from the rear end cover;

[0013] An inner ring seat is fixed on the inner circumferential wall of the movable cover, and a limit groove is provided on the inner side surface of the inner ring seat; a limit part is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating seat, and the limit part is movably arranged in the limit groove; when the double-stroke mechanism is in the first stroke state, the movable cover and the rotating seat move together, and the spline groove can cooperate with the spline block to engage the limit.

[0014] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, through the cooperation between the limiting part and the limiting groove, the rotating seat can be rotatably installed on the movable cover and can move axially with the movable cover; when the double-stroke mechanism is in the first stroke state, the rotating seat follows the movable cover to move in the direction close to the outer cover, and finally the spline groove of the rotating seat can cooperate with the spline block of the rotating shaft to engage the limit, and at this time, when the rotating shaft rotates, it can drive the rotating seat to rotate together, so that the internal temperature of the motor is quickly discharged to the outside of the shell through the structural groove and the heat dissipation blades, thereby achieving the effect of rapid heat dissipation.

[0015] Optionally, a soft spring is provided between the structural groove and the heat dissipation blade, and the soft spring normally forces the heat dissipation blade to rotate to a state flush with the rotating seat. At this time, the heat dissipation blade matches and blocks the structural groove; when the double-stroke mechanism is in the first stroke state, the heat dissipation blade is tilted relative to the rotating seat.

[0016] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, a soft spring is set to always generate an elastic force acting on the heat dissipation blades. In the initial state, the heat dissipation blades can remain flush with the rotating seat. At this time, the heat dissipation blades match and block the structural grooves, which can reduce the entry of dust or moisture into the interior of the shell assembly and play a role in dust and moisture prevention; when the double-stroke mechanism is in the second stroke state, the rotation of the shaft can drive the rotating seat to rotate, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating seat will be greater than the elastic force of the soft spring, thereby causing the heat dissipation blades to deflect to open the structural grooves, thereby realizing the rapid exchange of air inside and outside the motor and achieving the effect of heat dissipation.

[0017] Optionally, the stator core is provided with a plurality of winding parts, each winding part is provided with a coil winding; a cooling passage for liquid cooling is provided between each winding part and the housing;

[0018] The liquid cooling mechanism includes a plurality of liquid storage tanks arranged on the outer cover and an extrusion unit for extruding the liquid storage tanks. The number of the liquid storage tanks matches that of the winding part. Each liquid storage tank is connected to each cooling passage correspondingly. The liquid storage tanks are filled with coolant.

[0019] A cam seat is provided on the side of the rotating seat close to the outer cover. When the double-stroke mechanism is in the second stroke state, the cam seat cooperates with the extrusion unit. When the rotating shaft rotates, the extrusion unit can be used to squeeze each liquid storage tank to transport coolant to the cooling passage in one direction.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the winding part on which the coil winding is wound is the main heat generating area when the motor is working. By setting a cooling passage between the winding part and the outer casing, when the double-stroke mechanism is in the second stroke state, the cam seat can cooperate with the extrusion unit. When the rotating shaft rotates, the cam seat can force the extrusion unit to squeeze each liquid storage tank, thereby unidirectionally transporting the coolant into the cooling passage; after the coolant flows through the winding part, it can take away the heat of the winding part, thereby quickly reducing the internal temperature of the motor by liquid cooling.

[0021] Optionally, the outer peripheral surface of the cam seat has three equidistantly arranged outer convex parts, and the maximum distance of the outer convex parts from the radial direction of the cam seat to the side edge of the cam seat is the same everywhere, set to a;

[0022] The extrusion unit includes a plurality of sliding columns slidably connected to the side of the outer cover, the number of the winding parts is twice the number of the sliding columns, each sliding column is staggered along the axial direction of the outer cover, and the moving direction of the sliding column is the same as the radial direction of the outer cover; the two ends of the sliding column are respectively connected to two oppositely arranged liquid storage tanks, so as to force the volume of the liquid storage tanks to shrink;

[0023] Each sliding column is fixed with two guide columns, and the two guide columns are symmetrically arranged along the center position of the sliding column; the distance between the two guide columns is set to b, satisfying the relationship: a=b; when the double-stroke mechanism is in the second stroke state, each guide column abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the cam seat.

[0024] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, when the double-stroke mechanism is in the second stroke state, each guide column can abut against the outer peripheral surface of the cam seat. When the rotating shaft drives the rotating seat to rotate, the outer convex portion always abuts against the guide column, thereby being able to drive the guide column to slide back and forth along the radial direction of the outer cover, thereby squeezing the liquid storage tank so as to facilitate the delivery of the coolant inside the liquid storage tank to the cooling passage.

[0025] Optionally, the liquid storage tank includes a box structure fixed to the side of the outer cover and a sliding seat movably inserted in the box structure, the sliding seat is fixedly connected to the sliding column, and the moving direction of the sliding seat is set in the same direction as the sliding direction of the sliding column; a liquid storage space is formed between the sliding seat and the box structure, and the coolant is set inside the liquid storage space; a liquid inlet pipe for conveying the coolant and a liquid return pipe for returning the coolant are respectively connected between the liquid storage space and the cooling passage.

[0026] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, by connecting the sliding seat to the sliding column, when the cam seat rotates to drive the sliding column to move back and forth, the coolant can be repeatedly squeezed and the coolant can enter the liquid inlet pipe; then, the coolant can return to the liquid storage space inside the box structure through the return liquid pipe after passing through the cooling passage, and the coolant can dissipate heat in the return liquid pipe, so as to facilitate the recycling of the coolant, thereby playing a further energy-saving role.

[0027] Optionally, the liquid inlet pipe is fixed to the side of the box structure close to the rear end cover, and an end of the liquid inlet pipe away from the box structure is provided with a liquid inlet and a one-way core valve is installed, and a compression spring is provided between the one-way core valve and the liquid inlet pipe to force the one-way core valve to normally block the liquid inlet;

[0028] A movable seat is provided on the side of the movable cover away from the outer cover, the movable seat is provided with a liquid guiding chamber, and a liquid inlet pipe is movably arranged inside the liquid guiding chamber; a push piece is fixed to the inner wall of the liquid guiding chamber, and a connecting port is provided on the side of the movable seat, and the connecting port and the cooling passage are normally offset; when the double-stroke mechanism is in the second stroke state, the push piece forces the one-way core valve to move inward, and the connecting port is directly connected to the cooling passage.

[0029] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the one-way core valve is normally sealed at the liquid inlet under the elastic force of the compression spring. When the double-stroke mechanism is in the second stroke state, the push member can press against the one-way core valve and force the one-way core valve to move inward. At this time, the connecting port and the cooling passage are arranged opposite to each other. When the cam seat rotates and the sliding seat reciprocates, the coolant can be forced to pass through the liquid inlet pipeline, the liquid inlet and the connecting port in sequence, and finally enter the interior of the cooling passage, thereby taking away the heat of the winding part.

[0030] Optionally, the one-way core valve includes a core column slidably connected to the liquid inlet pipe, a core cap arranged at one end of the core column and a baffle arranged at the other end of the core column, the core cap is located inside the liquid inlet pipe, and the baffle is located outside the liquid inlet pipe; a compression spring is arranged between the baffle and the liquid inlet pipe to force the core cap to press against the inner wall of the liquid inlet pipe and seal the liquid inlet.

[0031] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, by arranging the compression spring between the baffle and the liquid inlet pipe, the compression spring can always generate an elastic force acting on the baffle and force the baffle to move away from the liquid inlet pipe, so that the core cap is normally against the inner wall of the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid inlet is blocked.

[0032] Optionally, the cooling passage includes a first passage, a second passage and a third passage which are connected in sequence, the first passage and the third passage are both arranged in the outer shell, the first passage is used to be connected directly with the connecting port, and the third passage is used to be connected with the return liquid pipe; the second passage is arranged inside the winding part and is arranged in a serpentine shape.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the coolant can enter the second passage inside the winding part through the first passage after passing through the liquid inlet pipe and the connecting port, and then enter the liquid return pipe through the third passage after absorbing heat, thereby realizing the circulation of the coolant. In addition, the present application can extend the flow path and residence time of the coolant by arranging the second passage in a serpentine shape inside the winding part, so that the coolant can leave the second passage after absorbing enough heat, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0034] Optionally, the liquid return pipe is spirally extended along the axial direction of the shell, and an elastic one-way valve is provided at the connection position between the liquid return pipe and the liquid storage space.

[0035] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, by making the return pipe spirally extend along the axial direction of the shell, the movement path and residence time of the coolant in the return pipe can be extended, which is beneficial to the cooling of the outside of the shell assembly of the coolant; after cooling, the coolant squeezes the elastic one-way valve and returns to the liquid storage space to facilitate the recycling of the coolant, which has an energy-saving effect.

[0036] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0037] 1. The permanent magnet motor of the present application has a multi-mode heat dissipation function. The temperature inside the motor is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor, and the heat dissipation mode can be automatically adjusted according to the actual temperature inside the motor to adapt to the heat dissipation requirements of the motor in various application environments and achieve energy-saving effects;

[0038] 2. When the double-stroke mechanism is in the first stroke state, the spline block and the spline groove are engaged and limited, and the rotating seat can be driven to rotate together when the rotating shaft rotates, so that the internal temperature of the motor is quickly discharged to the outside of the shell through the structural groove and the heat dissipation blades, achieving the effect of rapid heat dissipation;

[0039] 3. When the double-stroke mechanism is in the second stroke state, the cam seat can cooperate with the extrusion unit. When the rotating shaft rotates, the cam seat can force the extrusion unit to squeeze each liquid storage tank, thereby unidirectionally transporting coolant to the inside of the cooling passage; after the coolant flows through the winding part, it can take away the heat of the winding part, thereby quickly reducing the internal temperature of the motor by liquid cooling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the housing assembly in this embodiment, mainly showing the interior of the housing assembly;

[0041] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the movable cover, the outer cover, the air cooling mechanism and the liquid cooling mechanism in this embodiment;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the permanent magnet motor in this embodiment;

[0043] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0044] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0045] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0046] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0047] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating seat in this embodiment;

[0048] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the matching relationship between the cam seat and the extrusion unit in this embodiment;

[0049] Fig.10 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point E in the middle;

[0050] Fig.11 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the liquid inlet pipeline and the movable seat in this embodiment, which mainly reflects the structure of the one-way core valve.

[0051] Description of reference numerals: 1. stator core; 11. winding portion; 12. coil winding; 13. mounting chamber; 14. second passage; 2. rotor magnet; 3. main shaft; 31. first bearing; 4. housing assembly; 41. housing; 411. first passage; 412. third passage; 42. front end cover; 421. heat dissipation hole; 43. rear end cover; 44. movable cover; 441. inner ring seat; 442. limiting groove; 45. outer cover; 451. holder; 46. double stroke mechanism; 47. movable seat; 471. liquid guide chamber; 472. push piece; 473. communication port;

[0052] 5. Rotating shaft; 51. Second bearing; 52. Spline block; 6. Air cooling mechanism; 61. Rotating seat; 611. Limiting part; 612. Spline groove; 613. Structural groove; 614. Plug-in groove; 615. Embedded groove; 62. Heat dissipation blade; 621. Plug-in shaft; 622. Stopper; 63. Cam seat; 631. Outer convex part;

[0053] 7. Liquid cooling mechanism; 71. Box structure; 72. Sliding seat; 73. Liquid storage space; 74. Sliding column; 741. Sliding slot; 75. Guide column; 76. Liquid inlet pipe; 761. Liquid inlet port; 77. One-way core valve; 771. Core column; 772. Core cap; 773. Stopper; 78. Compression spring; 79. Liquid return pipe; 791. Liquid return port; 80. Elastic one-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following is combined with Figure 1-11 This application is described in further detail.

[0055] The embodiment of the present application discloses a permanent magnet motor.

[0056] Reference Figure 1A permanent magnet motor includes a stator core 1, a rotor magnet 2, a main shaft 3, a housing assembly 4, a rotating shaft 5, an air cooling mechanism 6 and a liquid cooling mechanism 7; wherein the housing assembly 4 includes a housing 41, a front cover 42, a rear cover 43, a movable cover 44 and an outer cover 45, and the front cover 42 and the rear cover 43 are respectively fixed to the two side end surfaces of the housing 41; the front cover 42 and the rear cover 43 are respectively provided with heat dissipation holes 421 to facilitate the natural heat dissipation of the motor. A first bearing 31 is embedded in the center of the front cover 42, and the main shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the front cover 42 through the first bearing 31; the rotor magnet 2 is coaxially connected to one end of the main shaft 3, and the rotor magnet 2 is located inside the housing 41.

[0057] The stator core 1 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing 41 and is coaxially arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor magnet 2; the stator core 1 is integrally formed and provided with a plurality of winding portions 11, and all the winding portions 11 are equidistantly arranged along the outer edge of the stator core 1; in the present embodiment, the number of the winding portions 11 is specifically 6, and in other feasible implementations, the number of the winding portions 11 may also be 4, 8 or 10, not limited to the number provided in the present embodiment; each winding portion 11 is wound with a coil winding 12, and a magnetic field can be formed by energizing the coil winding 12, thereby driving the rotor magnet 2 and the main shaft 3 to rotate.

[0058] Reference Figure 2 The rotating shaft 5 is coaxially connected to the side end face of the rotor magnet 2 away from the main shaft 3; a second bearing 51 is embedded in the center of the rear end cover 43, and the rotating shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the rear end cover 43 through the second bearing 51; when the rotor magnet 2 rotates, it can drive the rotating shaft 5 to rotate together. The end of the rotating shaft 5 away from the rotor core extends to the side of the rear end cover 43 away from the housing 41, and a spline block 52 is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral side of the rotating shaft 5.

[0059] The movable cover 44 is slidably sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 41 and is located at one end of the housing 41 close to the rear end cover 43; the inner diameter of the movable cover 44 is set to be equal to the outer diameter of the housing 41. Figure 3 A double-stroke mechanism 46 for driving the movable cover 44 to move is provided between the outer shell 41 and the movable cover 44. The double-stroke mechanism 46 adopts a double-stroke micro cylinder. The cylinder body of the double-stroke mechanism 46 is fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the outer shell 41, and the movable end of the double-stroke mechanism 46 is fixedly connected to the movable cover 44; the double-stroke mechanism 46 has an initial state, a first stroke state and a second stroke state. In the initial state, the double-stroke mechanism 46 remains in a retracted state, and after the movable end of the two-stroke cylinder extends outward, the double-stroke mechanism 46 is in the first stroke state and the second stroke state respectively.

[0060] Reference Figure 2 The air cooling mechanism 6 is disposed inside the movable cover 44, and the air cooling mechanism 6 includes a rotating seat 61 and a plurality of heat dissipation blades 62; Figure 4 A limiting portion 611 is integrally formed on the outer circumference of the rotating seat 61, and the cross-sectional shape of the limiting portion 611 is T-shaped; an inner ring seat 441 is fixedly installed on the inner circumferential wall of the movable cover 44, and there are multiple inner ring seats 441, and all inner ring seats 441 are equidistantly arranged along the inner circumference of the movable cover 44; a limiting groove 442 is provided on the inner side surface of each inner ring seat 441, and the cross-sectional shape of the limiting groove 442 is also T-shaped, and by matching the limiting portion 611 with the limiting groove 442, the limiting portion 611 can move circumferentially in the limiting groove 442, thereby enabling the rotating seat 61 to rotate circumferentially inside the movable cover 44, and when the double-stroke cylinder drives the movable cover 44 to move, the rotating seat 61 can move with the movable cover 44.

[0061] Reference Figure 5 A spline groove 612 is provided at the center position of the rotating seat 61. The spline groove 612 is a through groove that runs through both sides of the axial direction of the rotating seat 61, and the spline groove 612 can cooperate with the spline block 52 to limit the position; in the initial state, the spline block 52 is located on the side of the rotating seat 61 away from the rear end cover 43, and when the double-stroke mechanism 46 is actuated, the rotating seat 61 can move away from the rear end cover 43, and finally the spline block 52 can be matched and engaged with the inside of the spline groove 612, thereby realizing the circumferential linkage between the air cooling mechanism 6 and the rotating shaft 5, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 5 can drive the rotating seat 61 to rotate.

[0062] Back to Figure 4 The rotating seat 61 is provided with a plurality of structural grooves 613 for heat dissipation, each structural groove 613 penetrates through two opposite sides of the rotating seat 61, and all structural grooves 613 are evenly arranged on the outer peripheral side of the spline groove 612; the number of heat dissipation blades 62 is equal to the number of structural grooves 613, and each heat dissipation blade 62 is correspondingly installed in each structural groove 613. In addition, a soft spring (not shown in the figure) is also provided between the heat dissipation blade 62 and the structural groove 613, and the soft spring is used to force the heat dissipation blade 62 to rotate to a position flush with the rotating seat 61 under normal conditions.

[0063] Specific reference Figure 6 The inner wall of the structural groove 613 is provided with a plug-in groove 614, and the side of the heat dissipation blade 62 is integrally formed with a plug-in shaft 621, which is plugged into the plug-in groove 614 and can rotate in the plug-in groove 614; the inner wall of the plug-in groove 614 is provided with an embedded groove 615, and the soft spring is installed inside the embedded groove 615; a stopper 622 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the plug-in shaft 621, and the stopper 622 is located inside the embedded groove 615 and is abutted by the soft spring.

[0064] Also refer to Figure 4In the initial state, the soft spring can force the block 622 to abut against the inner wall of the embedded groove 615. At this time, the heat dissipation blade 62 stays at a position flush with the rotating seat 61, and the heat dissipation blade 62 can match and cover the structural groove 613. When the double-stroke mechanism 46 is in the first stroke state, the rotating shaft 5 drives the rotating seat 61 to rotate and generate a centrifugal force acting on the heat dissipation blade 62. The centrifugal force on the heat dissipation blade 62 is greater than the elastic force of the soft spring acting on the heat dissipation blade 62, and then when the rotating seat 61 rotates, the heat dissipation blade 62 is forced to tilt relative to the rotating seat 61, so as to accelerate the flow of air inside and outside the housing assembly 4.

[0065] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The outer cover 45 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the housing 41, and the outer cover 45 is covered on the rear cover 43 and the movable cover 44; the liquid cooling mechanism 7 is arranged inside the outer cover 45. Specifically, the liquid cooling mechanism 7 includes a storage box and an extrusion unit, and the number of the storage boxes is provided in plurality, and the specific number is set equal to the number of the winding parts 11; the storage box is arranged on the side of the outer cover 45 close to the rear cover 43, and all the storage boxes are arranged around the central axis of the outer cover 45 and are equidistantly arranged on the peripheral edge of the outer cover 45.

[0066] The storage box includes a box structure 71 fixed to the side of the outer cover 45 and a sliding seat 72 movably inserted into the box structure 71. The sliding seat 72 always maintains a seal with the box structure 71 to form a liquid storage space 73, and the liquid storage space 73 is filled with coolant.

[0067] The extrusion unit includes a plurality of sliding columns 74, and the number of the winding portion 11 is twice the number of the sliding columns 74; in the present embodiment, the number of the sliding columns 74 is three, and each sliding column 74 is staggered along the axial direction of the outer cover 45, and adjacent sliding columns 74 are arranged at an angle of 120°.

[0068] Reference Figure 7 A plurality of sockets 451 are fixed to the side of the outer cover 45 close to the rear end cover 43. The sockets 451 are arranged in a T shape, and all the sockets 451 are arranged equidistantly along the central axis of the outer cover 45. Each sliding column 74 is provided with a sliding slot 741. The opening direction of the sliding slot 741 is the same as the radial direction of the outer cover 45. Every two relatively arranged sockets 451 are correspondingly slidably arranged inside the sliding slot 741, so that the sliding column 74 can be slidably connected to the outer cover 45, and the moving direction of the sliding column 74 is the same as the radial direction of the outer cover 45.

[0069] The two ends of the sliding column 74 are respectively connected to the sliding seats 72 of the two storage boxes arranged opposite to each other, and the moving direction of the sliding seat 72 is the same as the moving direction of the sliding seat 72. The movement of the sliding column 74 can force the sliding seat 72 to move, so as to force the volume of the liquid storage space 73 of the liquid storage box to shrink.

[0070] Reference Figure 8 The cam seat 63 is provided on the side of the rotating seat 61 close to the outer cover 45. The cam seat 63 is used to cooperate with each sliding column 74 so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 5 can shrink the volume of the storage space. Specifically, the outer peripheral surface of the cam seat 63 has a plurality of convex parts 631, each of which is arranged equidistantly along the peripheral edge of the cam seat 63, and all the convex parts 631 are integrally formed with the cam seat 63; the maximum spacing between the convex parts 631 along the radial direction of the cam seat 63 and the side edge of the cam seat 63 is equal everywhere and is set to a.

[0071] Also refer to Fig. 9 , two guide posts 75 are fixed to the side of each sliding post 74 near the rear end cover 43, and the two guide posts 75 are symmetrically arranged along the center position of the sliding post 74, and the distance between the two guide posts 75 is set to b, satisfying the relationship: a=b. When the double-stroke mechanism 46 is in operation and in the second stroke state, the cam seat 63 can enter the inner side of the area surrounded by each guide post 75, so that each guide post 75 is against the outer peripheral surface of the cam seat 63. When the rotating shaft 5 rotates to drive the rotating seat 61 to rotate, the outer protrusion 631 on the outer peripheral side of the cam seat 63 can sequentially abut against each guide post 75, thereby forcing the sliding seat 72 to move into the box structure 71 so that the volume of the liquid storage space 73 shrinks.

[0072] It should also be noted that since each guide column 75 is against the outer peripheral surface of the cam seat 63, when the sliding column 74 forces one of the sliding seats 72 to move into the corresponding box structure 71, the sliding seat 72 connected to the other end of the sliding column 74 can be naturally moved away from the corresponding box structure 71, which is beneficial to the automatic resetting of the liquid storage tank.

[0073] Reference Fig.10 A cooling passage is provided between each winding portion 11 and the housing 41. The number of cooling passages is equal to the number of liquid storage tanks, and each liquid storage tank is connected to each cooling passage. The cooling passage includes a first passage 411, a second passage 14 and a third passage 412. In this embodiment, the first passage 411 and the third passage 412 are both slot structures that pass through the housing 41. The outer peripheral surface of the winding portion 11 is provided with an installation chamber 13. The second passage 14 is a liquid pipeline fixed inside the installation chamber 13, and the liquid pipeline is arranged in a serpentine shape inside the installation chamber 13; the first passage 411, the second passage 14 and the third passage 412 are connected in sequence.

[0074] Back to Figure 2 , each box structure 71 is fixedly connected to a liquid inlet pipe 76 on the side near the rear end cover 43; wherein the liquid inlet pipe 76 is perpendicular to the box structure 71, and one end of the liquid inlet pipe 76 is connected to the liquid storage space 73; Fig.11 One end of the liquid inlet pipe 76 away from the box structure 71 extends to the outside of the movable cover 44, and the end of the liquid inlet pipe 76 away from the box structure 71 is provided with a liquid inlet port 761 and a one-way core valve 77 installed, and the one-way core valve 77 is made of hard material; a compression spring 78 is provided between the one-way core valve 77 and the liquid inlet pipe 76, which is used to force the one-way core valve 77 to normally block the liquid inlet port 761.

[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are multiple liquid inlets 761, and all the liquid inlets 761 are arranged equidistantly around the central axis of the box structure 71; a plug hole is coaxially opened at one end of the liquid inlet pipe 76 away from the box structure 71, and the plug hole is located in the middle of each liquid inlet 761. The one-way core valve 77 includes a core column 771, a core cap 772 and a stopper 773. The outer diameter of the core column 771 is equal to the inner diameter of the plug hole. By movably inserting the core column 771 into the plug hole, the core column 771 can be slidably connected to the liquid inlet pipe 76.

[0076] The core cap 772 is integrally formed at one end of the core column 771 and is located inside the liquid inlet pipe 76; the stopper 773 is integrally formed at the other end of the core column 771 and is located outside the liquid inlet pipe 76. The compression spring 78 is sleeved on the core column 771 and is located outside the liquid inlet pipe 76, with one end of the compression spring 78 abutting against the stopper 773 and the other end abutting against the end wall of the liquid inlet pipe 76. The compression spring 78 can always generate elastic force acting on the stopper 773, thereby forcing the stopper 773 to move in a direction away from the liquid inlet pipe 76, and finally the core cap 772 can abut against the inner wall of the liquid inlet pipe 76 and block each liquid inlet 761.

[0077] Also refer to Fig.10 A movable seat 47 is fixed to the side of the movable cover 44 away from the outer cover 45, and a liquid conducting chamber 471 is arranged inside the movable seat 47. One end of the liquid inlet pipe 76 away from the box structure 71 is movably arranged inside the liquid conducting chamber 471; a push piece 472 is fixed to the inner wall of the liquid conducting chamber 471, and when the double-stroke mechanism 46 is in the initial state, the push piece 472 and the stopper 773 are spaced apart; when the double-stroke mechanism 46 is in the second stroke state after actuation, the push piece 472 can resist the stopper 773 and force the one-way core valve 77 to move inward, thereby opening each liquid inlet 761.

[0078] In addition, refer to Fig.10A connecting port 473 is provided on the side of the movable seat 47 close to the outer shell 41. When the double-stroke mechanism 46 is in the initial state, the connecting port 473 is offset from the first passage 411. When the double-stroke mechanism 46 is in the second stroke state after being actuated, the connecting port 473 can be directly connected with the first passage 411, so that the coolant can enter the cooling passage through the connecting port 473 to take away the heat of the winding portion 11.

[0079] Back to Figure 2 A liquid return pipe 79 is also connected to the side of the box structure 71, and the liquid return pipe 79 is connected to the liquid storage space 73; the end of the liquid return pipe 79 away from the box structure 71 is connected to the third passage 412, so that the coolant can enter the cooling passage and absorb heat and then return to the liquid storage space 73 through the return pipe, which has the effect of recycling the coolant and plays a role in energy saving and environmental protection.

[0080] The number of the return liquid pipes 79 in this embodiment is also 6, and each return liquid pipe 79 is spirally extended along the axial direction of the housing 41 to extend the residence time of the coolant in the return liquid pipe 79 and reduce the temperature of the coolant. Figure 7 An elastic one-way valve 80 is installed at the connection position between the return liquid pipeline 79 and the liquid storage space 73 to allow the coolant inside the return liquid pipeline 79 to flow into the liquid storage space 73 in one direction.

[0081] The elastic one-way valve 80 is made of elastic materials such as rubber or silicone. The elastic one-way valve 80 includes a valve column fixed to the return liquid pipe 79 and a valve cap integrally formed at the end of the valve column, and the valve cap is located inside the liquid storage space 73; a return liquid port 791 is provided at one end of the return liquid pipe 79 close to the liquid storage space 73, and the valve cap can block the return liquid port 791 under normal conditions, thereby limiting the coolant inside the liquid storage space 73 from flowing back to the cooling pipe; and the coolant in the return liquid pipe 79 can smoothly squeeze open the valve cap and enter the inside of the liquid storage space 73.

[0082] In addition, a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure) for detecting the internal temperature of the motor is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 41. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the dual-stroke mechanism 46 through the control module, thereby being able to adjust the heat dissipation mode of the motor in real time.

[0083] In summary, by setting the temperature warning value and the temperature alarm value, when the motor is running at low power and the internal temperature is low, the double-stroke mechanism 46 is in the initial state, and the heat dissipation holes 421 of the front cover 42 and the rear cover 43 can be used to achieve natural heat dissipation of the motor. When the internal temperature of the motor rises to the warning value, the temperature sensor sends a signal to the control module to control the double-stroke mechanism 46 to be in the first stroke state. At this time, through the cooperation of the spline block 52 and the spline groove 612, the rotation of the rotating shaft 5 can drive the rotating disk to rotate, and the heat dissipation blades 62 are tilted relative to the rotating disk under the action of centrifugal force, which can accelerate the exchange rate of air inside and outside the housing assembly 4 and quickly reduce the temperature inside the motor.

[0084] When the motor is running at high power and the internal temperature rises too fast to the alarm value, the temperature sensor sends a signal to the control module to control the double-stroke mechanism 46 to be in the second stroke state. At this time, the rotating disk still maintains the circumferential linkage with the rotating shaft 5, and the cam seat 63 enters the inner side of each guide column 75 and abuts against the guide column 75; the rotation of the rotating shaft 5 can force each sliding column 74 to slide, and then squeeze each storage box, and the coolant inside the storage space enters the cooling passage after passing through the liquid inlet pipe 76, the liquid inlet 761, the liquid guide chamber 471, and the connecting port 473 in turn, thereby taking away the heat of the winding part 11 in a liquid cooling manner, which plays a role in reducing the internal temperature of the motor; the coolant after absorbing heat can return to the liquid storage space 73 through the liquid return pipe 79. Based on this, through the combined action of air cooling and liquid cooling, the heat inside the motor can be taken away very quickly to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the motor.

[0085] The permanent magnet motor of this embodiment has the function of multi-mode heat dissipation. The temperature inside the motor is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor. The heat dissipation mode can be automatically adjusted according to the actual temperature inside the motor to adapt to the heat dissipation requirements of the motor in various application environments and achieve energy-saving effects.

[0086] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet motor, characterized in that: The motor comprises a stator core (1), a rotor magnet (2), a main shaft (3), a housing assembly (4), a rotating shaft (5), an air cooling mechanism (6) and a liquid cooling mechanism (7), wherein the housing assembly (4) comprises a housing (41) and a front end cover (42) and a rear end cover (43) respectively arranged on both side end surfaces of the housing (41); the main shaft (3) is rotatably connected to the front end cover (42) via a first bearing (31); the rotor magnet (2) is coaxially connected to one end of the main shaft (3); the stator core (1) is fixed to the inner wall of the housing (41), and the stator core (1) is coaxially arranged on the outer peripheral side of the rotor magnet (2); and a temperature sensor for detecting the internal temperature of the motor is provided on the inner wall of the housing (41); The rotating shaft (5) is coaxially connected to the side end surface of the rotor magnet (2) away from the main shaft (3), and the rotating shaft (5) is inserted into the rear end cover (43) and is rotatably connected to the rear end cover (43) via a second bearing (51); a movable cover (44) is slidably sleeved on one end of the housing (41) close to the rear end cover (43), and an outer cover (45) is fixedly mounted on the housing (41), and the outer cover (45) is covered on the rear end cover (43) and the movable cover (44); the air cooling mechanism (6) is arranged on the inner side of the movable cover (44), and the liquid cooling mechanism (7) is arranged on the outer cover (45); A double-stroke mechanism (46) for driving the movable cover (44) to move is provided between the housing (41) and the movable cover (44), the double-stroke mechanism (46) having an initial state, a first stroke state and a second stroke state, and when the double-stroke mechanism (46) is in the first stroke state, the air cooling mechanism (6) and the rotating shaft (5) are circumferentially linked; when the double-stroke mechanism (46) is in the second stroke state, the liquid cooling mechanism (7) and the air cooling mechanism (6) cooperate with each other to force the liquid cooling mechanism (7) to inject liquid into the housing assembly (4) for cooling when the rotating shaft (5) rotates; The air cooling mechanism (6) comprises a rotating seat (61) and a plurality of heat dissipation blades (62); the rotating seat (61) is provided with a plurality of structural grooves (613) for heat dissipation, and each of the heat dissipation blades (62) is respectively arranged in a corresponding manner in each structural groove (613); a spline groove (612) is arranged at the center of the rotating seat (61); a spline block (52) is arranged on the outer peripheral side fixing sleeve of the rotating shaft (5); in an initial state, the spline block (52) is located on a side of the rotating seat (61) away from the rear end cover (43); An inner ring seat (441) is fixed to the inner peripheral wall of the movable cover (44), and a limit groove (442) is provided on the inner side surface of the inner ring seat (441); a limit portion (611) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating seat (61), and the limit portion (611) is movably arranged in the limit groove (442); when the double-stroke mechanism (46) is in a first stroke state, the movable cover (44) and the rotating seat (61) move together, and the spline groove (612) can cooperate with the spline block (52) to engage and limit. The stator core (1) is provided with a plurality of winding parts (11), each of the winding parts (11) being provided with a coil winding (12); a cooling passage for liquid cooling is provided between each of the winding parts (11) and the housing (41); The liquid cooling mechanism (7) comprises a plurality of liquid storage tanks arranged on the outer cover (45) and an extrusion unit for extruding the liquid storage tanks, the number of the liquid storage tanks matches the number of the winding parts (11), and each of the liquid storage tanks is connected to a corresponding cooling passage; the liquid storage tanks are filled with cooling liquid; A cam seat (63) is provided on the side of the rotating seat (61) close to the outer cover (45); when the double-stroke mechanism (46) is in the second stroke state, the cam seat (63) cooperates with the extrusion unit, and when the rotating shaft (5) rotates, the extrusion unit can be used to squeeze each liquid storage tank to transport coolant to the cooling passage in a unidirectional manner.

2. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A soft spring is provided between the structural groove (613) and the heat dissipation blade (62), and the soft spring normally forces the heat dissipation blade (62) to rotate to a state flush with the rotating seat (61), at which time the heat dissipation blade (62) matches and blocks the structural groove (613); when the double-stroke mechanism (46) is in the first stroke state, the heat dissipation blade (62) is tilted relative to the rotating seat (61).

3. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer peripheral surface of the cam seat (63) has three equidistantly arranged outer convex portions (631), the maximum distances of the outer convex portions (631) from the radial direction of the cam seat (63) to the side edge of the cam seat (63) are always equal, and the maximum distance between the outer convex portions (631) and the side edge of the cam seat (63) is set to a; The extrusion unit comprises a plurality of sliding columns (74) slidably connected to the side of the outer cover (45); the number of the winding parts (11) is twice the number of the sliding columns (74); each of the sliding columns (74) is staggered along the axial direction of the outer cover (45); and the moving direction of the sliding columns (74) is the same as the radial direction of the outer cover (45); the two ends of the sliding column (74) are respectively connected to two oppositely arranged liquid storage tanks, so as to force the volume of the liquid storage tanks to shrink; Each of the sliding columns (74) is fixed with two guide columns (75), and the two guide columns (75) are symmetrically arranged along the center position of the sliding column (74); the distance between the two guide columns (75) is set to b, satisfying the relationship: a=b; when the double-stroke mechanism (46) is in the second stroke state, each of the guide columns (75) abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the cam seat (63).

4. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid storage box comprises a box structure (71) fixed to the side of the outer cover (45) and a sliding seat (72) movably inserted into the box structure (71); the sliding seat (72) is fixedly connected to the sliding column (74), and the moving direction of the sliding seat (72) is arranged in the same direction as the sliding direction of the sliding column (74); a liquid storage space (73) is formed between the sliding seat (72) and the box structure (71), and the coolant is arranged inside the liquid storage space (73); a liquid inlet pipe (76) for conveying the coolant and a liquid return pipe (79) for returning the coolant are respectively connected between the liquid storage space (73) and the cooling passage.

5. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid inlet pipe (76) is fixed to a side surface of the box structure (71) close to the rear end cover (43); an end of the liquid inlet pipe (76) away from the box structure (71) is provided with a liquid inlet port (761) and a one-way core valve (77) is installed thereon; a compression spring (78) is provided between the one-way core valve (77) and the liquid inlet pipe (76) for forcing the one-way core valve (77) to normally block the liquid inlet port (761); A movable seat (47) is provided on the side of the movable cover (44) away from the outer cover (45), the movable seat (47) is provided with a liquid conducting chamber (471), and the liquid inlet pipe (76) is movably arranged inside the liquid conducting chamber (471); a push piece (472) is fixed to the inner wall of the liquid conducting chamber (471), and a connecting port (473) is provided on the side of the movable seat (47), and the connecting port (473) is normally offset from the cooling passage; when the double-stroke mechanism (46) is in the second stroke state, the push piece (472) forces the one-way core valve (77) to move inward, and the connecting port (473) is directly connected to the cooling passage.

6. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The one-way core valve (77) comprises a core column (771) slidably connected to the liquid inlet pipe (76), a core cap (772) arranged at one end of the core column (771), and a stopper (773) arranged at the other end of the core column (771), wherein the core cap (772) is located inside the liquid inlet pipe (76), and the stopper (773) is located outside the liquid inlet pipe (76); the compression spring (78) is arranged between the stopper (773) and the liquid inlet pipe (76) to force the core cap (772) to abut against the inner wall of the liquid inlet pipe (76) and block the liquid inlet port (761).

7. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling passage comprises a first passage (411), a second passage (14) and a third passage (412) which are connected in sequence; the first passage (411) and the third passage (412) are both arranged in the housing (41); the first passage (411) is used for being directly connected to the connecting port (473); the third passage (412) is used for being connected to the liquid return pipe (79); the second passage (14) is arranged inside the winding portion (11) and is arranged in a serpentine shape.

8. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid return pipe (79) is spirally extended along the axial direction of the housing (41), and a resilient one-way valve (80) is provided at the connection position between the liquid return pipe (79) and the liquid storage space (73).

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