Metal product and forming device and method for precisely controlling shape and size thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a metal product and a forming device and method for precisely controlling its shape and size, belonging to the technical field of metal product forming. The device includes an ejector rod, a positioning mechanism, a rolling mill, a heater, and a forming die. The rolling mill and the heater are turned on, and the metal blank passing through the positioning mechanism is fed into the roll gap of the rolling mill by the ejector rod for cold rolling deformation. The resulting metal rolled piece then enters the forming die for hot deformation. The ejector rod pushes out the residual metal in the forming die to obtain the metal product. The advantage of the present invention is that it combines the cold rolling deformation with upper and lower constraints with the hot deformation with circumferential constraints, and simultaneously realizes the microstructure regulation of the metal blank with large deformation and the precise control of the shape and size with small deformation. The device has multiple functions, high forming efficiency, energy saving and consumption reduction, low cost, and high material utilization. The metal product has high shape and size accuracy, good internal and external quality, and excellent comprehensive performance. It is particularly suitable for the forming of precious metal long products with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal product forming, and specifically relates to a metal product and a forming device and method for accurately controlling its shape and size. It is particularly suitable for low-cost and high-efficiency forming of precious metal long products with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy requirements. Background Art

[0002] Rolling is the most important method for forming metal products, offering advantages such as low production costs, high production efficiency, a high degree of automation, and suitability for large-scale continuous production. However, in the traditional rolling process, roll bounce (sometimes reaching 2-3 mm or even higher) and unconstrained width spread (typically 1%-3%) lead to large dimensional fluctuations in the width and height of metal products, poor dimensional consistency and uniformity, and difficulty in controlling dimensional precision. These problems have greatly limited the application and widespread application of rolling technology.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new forming method that can accurately control the shape and size of metal products, and form metal products with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy in a short process and at low cost. It is especially suitable for the low-cost and efficient forming of precious metal long products with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to combine the upper and lower constrained cold rolling deformation with the circumferentially constrained hot rolling deformation to provide a metal product and a forming device and method for precisely controlling its shape and size, which can effectively avoid the adverse effects of roller bounce and unconstrained widening in the traditional rolling process on the cross-sectional dimensional accuracy of the metal product, ensure the high dimensional accuracy of the width and height of the metal product, good dimensional consistency and uniformity, and low-cost and efficient forming of high-quality metal products with precisely controlled cross-sectional dimensions. It is particularly suitable for the low-cost and efficient forming of precious metal long products with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy requirements.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, there is provided a forming device for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product, comprising an ejector rod, a positioning mechanism, a rolling mill, a heater, and a shaping die.

[0006] Wherein, the rolling mill is installed between the positioning mechanism and the shaping die;

[0007] The positioning mechanism is installed between the ejector rod and the rolling mill and is located at the entrance of the rolling mill roll gap of the rolling mill;

[0008] The shaping die is installed at the mill roll gap exit of the rolling mill;

[0009] The heater is installed between the mill roll gap outlet and the shaping die or around the shaping die;

[0010] The ejector rod, the positioning mechanism and the shaping die are horizontally centered on a center line along the rolling direction when installed; the ejector rod, the positioning mechanism, the rolling mill roll gap and the shaping die are located on the same horizontal plane along the rolling direction when installed.

[0011] Furthermore, the heater is at least one of a laser heater, an induction heater, a resistance heater or an electron beam heater.

[0012] Furthermore, the shaping mold is a straight-through hole mold.

[0013] Furthermore, an ultrasonic vibration mechanism is installed on one side of the shaping mold.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, a forming method for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Turn on the rolling mill and the heater;

[0016] Step 2: passing the metal blank through the positioning mechanism;

[0017] Step 3: under the action of the ejector rod, the metal billet is fed into the rolling mill roll gap of the rolling mill;

[0018] Step 4: cold-rolling the metal blank to obtain a metal rolled piece;

[0019] Step 5: Under the action of the rolling friction horizontal thrust of the rolling mill, the metal rolled piece then enters the shaping die to undergo warm deformation;

[0020] Step 6: Use the ejector rod to push out all the residual metal in the shaping mold to obtain a metal product.

[0021] Furthermore, the reduction amount of the cold-rolled metal blank is 10% to 90%, and the reduction amount of the warm-rolled metal piece is 1% to 40%.

[0022] Furthermore, the metal blank is subjected to cold rolling deformation at room temperature or in a low-temperature heating state, and the low-temperature heating is offline heating or online heating.

[0023] Furthermore, lubricant is added or not added during the cold rolling deformation of the metal blank or the warm deformation of the metal rolled piece.

[0024] Furthermore, the metal product is subsequently machined.

[0025] Furthermore, the material of the metal product is copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, titanium, nickel, zinc, tin, gold, silver, platinum, zirconium, niobium, tantalum or an alloy of any of the above metal materials, or steel or metal composite materials.

[0026] Furthermore, the metal product is in the shape of a plate, a rod, a wire, a tube or a profile.

[0027] According to a third aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, there is provided a high-quality metal product, which is formed by the method according to any one of the above aspects.

[0028] The main advantages of the present invention are:

[0029] (1) The forming device of the present invention organically combines the upper and lower constrained cold rolling deformation with the circumferentially constrained warm deformation, realizing rough forming with large cold rolling deformation first and fine forming with small warm deformation afterwards. The metal workpiece is pushed into the forming die for circumferentially constrained deformation by means of the horizontal thrust of the rolling friction of cold rolling. By integrating the upper and lower constrained deformation with the circumferentially constrained deformation, the adverse effects of the roll bounce and unconstrained widening in the traditional rolling process on the cross-sectional dimensional accuracy of the metal product are effectively avoided, thereby reducing equipment investment and site space. The equipment structure is simple, parts and components are easy to replace, and production and maintenance costs are low.

[0030] (2) The forming method of the present invention utilizes a rolling mill to perform upper and lower constrained cold rolling deformation with a large deformation amount on the metal blank, and utilizes a forming die to perform circumferential constrained warm deformation with a small deformation amount on the metal rolled piece, giving full play to the advantages of traditional upper and lower constrained cold rolling deformation such as large deformation amount and high production flexibility, as well as the advantages of circumferential constrained warm deformation such as high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy, ensuring high dimensional accuracy of the width and height of the metal product, good dimensional consistency and uniformity, and having the characteristics of simple and efficient process, strong adaptability to the variety and specifications of metal products, high material utilization rate and yield rate, short process, low energy consumption and low production cost, etc., which is conducive to the low-cost and efficient forming of high-quality metal products with precisely controlled cross-sectional dimensions, and is particularly suitable for the low-cost and efficient forming of precious metal long products with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy requirements.

[0031] (3) The metal product of the present invention benefits from the upper and lower constrained cold rolling deformation and the circumferentially constrained hot rolling deformation, which is conducive to the metal product obtaining precise cross-sectional shape and size, dense internal structure and high internal and external quality, avoiding the problems of low shape and size accuracy and low material utilization rate of metal products caused by traditional cold rolling deformation, as well as the contradiction between dense internal structure, fine grains and good performance under large deformation and high external shape and size accuracy under small deformation, which is difficult to reconcile. It has high cross-sectional size accuracy and excellent comprehensive performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the forming device of the present invention.

[0034] Among them, 1- ejector rod, 2- positioning mechanism, 3- metal billet, 4- rolling mill, 5- metal rolled piece, 6- heater, 7- shaping die, 8- metal product. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make non-essential improvements and adjustments based on the contents of the present invention.

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention first provides a forming device for accurately controlling the shape and size of metal products, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an ejector rod 1, a positioning mechanism 2, a rolling mill 4, a heater 6 and a shaping mold 7.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the rolling mill 4 is installed between the positioning mechanism 2 and the shaping die 7 and is used to perform cold rolling deformation of the metal blank 3 with upper and lower constraints;

[0038] The positioning mechanism 2 is installed between the ejector rod 1 and the rolling mill 4 and is located at the entrance of the rolling mill roll gap of the rolling mill 4, and is used to center and position the metal billet 3;

[0039] The shaping die 7 is installed at the exit of the rolling mill roll gap of the rolling mill 4 and is used to perform circumferentially constrained hot deformation on the metal rolled piece 5;

[0040] The heater 6 is installed between the mill roll gap outlet and the shaping die 7 or installed around the shaping die 7, and is used to heat the metal rolled piece 5 leaving the mill roll gap outlet, the shaping die 7 or the metal in the shaping die 7;

[0041] The ejector rod 1, the positioning mechanism 2 and the shaping die 7 are horizontally centered on a center line along the rolling direction when installed, and the ejector rod 1, the positioning mechanism 2, the rolling mill roll gap and the shaping die 7 are located on the same horizontal plane along the rolling direction when installed.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the heater 6 is at least one of a laser heater, an induction heater, a resistance heater or an electron beam heater.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the shaping mold 7 is a straight-through hole mold.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, an ultrasonic vibration mechanism is installed on one side of the shaping die 7 for ultrasonically vibrating the shaping die during the forming process to achieve ultrasonic-assisted circumferential constraint zone warm deformation.

[0045] The technical solution of the present invention also provides a forming method for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product. The metal product forming method includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Turn on the rolling mill 4 and the heater 6;

[0047] Step 2: passing the metal blank 3 through the positioning mechanism 2;

[0048] Step 3: Under the action of the ejector rod 1, the metal billet 3 is fed into the rolling mill gap of the rolling mill 4;

[0049] Step 4: cold-rolling the metal blank 3 to obtain the metal rolled piece 5;

[0050] Step 5: Under the rolling friction horizontal thrust of the rolling mill 4, the metal rolled piece 5 then enters the shaping die 7 for hot deformation;

[0051] Step 6: Use the ejector rod 1 to push out all the residual metal in the shaping mold 7 to obtain a metal product 8.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the cold-rolled metal blank 3 has a reduction of 10% to 90%, and the hot-rolled metal piece 5 has a reduction of 1% to 40%.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the metal blank 3 is subjected to cold rolling deformation at room temperature or in a low-temperature heating state, and the low-temperature heating is offline heating or online heating.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, lubricant is added or not added during the cold rolling deformation of the metal blank 3 or the warm deformation of the metal rolled piece 5 .

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the metal product 8 is subsequently machined.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the metal product 8 is made of copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, titanium, nickel, zinc, tin, gold, silver, platinum, zirconium, niobium, tantalum or an alloy of any of the above metal materials, or steel or metal composite materials.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the metal product 8 is in the shape of a plate, a bar, a wire, a tube or a profile.

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention further provides a high-quality metal product, which is formed by the method described above.

[0059] Example 1:

[0060] High-quality metal sheet forming with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy.

[0061] The rolling mill and induction heater are turned on, and the gold billet is passed through the positioning mechanism and sent into the roll gap of the rolling mill under the action of the ejector rod. The gold billet is cold rolled with a 40% reduction to obtain a gold rolled piece. Under the action of the rolling friction horizontal thrust of the rolling mill, the gold rolled piece immediately enters the forming die for warm deformation with a deformation of 8%. Then, the ejector rod is used to push out all the residual gold in the forming die to obtain a high-quality gold plate with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] High-quality silver sheet forming with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy.

[0064] The rolling mill and resistance heater are turned on, and the silver billet is passed through the positioning mechanism and sent into the rolling mill roll gap under the action of the ejector rod. The silver billet is cold-rolled with a 30% reduction to obtain a silver rolled piece. Under the action of the rolling friction horizontal thrust of the rolling mill, the silver rolled piece immediately enters the forming die for warm deformation with a deformation amount of 5%. Then, the ejector rod is used to push out all the residual silver in the forming die to obtain a high-quality silver plate with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy.

[0065] Example 3:

[0066] High-quality platinum sheet forming with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy.

[0067] The rolling mill and laser heater are turned on, and the platinum billet is passed through the positioning mechanism and sent into the rolling mill roll gap under the action of the ejector rod. The platinum billet is cold-rolled with a 50% reduction to obtain a platinum rolled piece. Under the action of the rolling friction horizontal thrust of the rolling mill, the platinum rolled piece immediately enters the forming die for warm deformation with a deformation amount of 10%. Then, the ejector rod is used to push out all the residual platinum in the forming die to obtain high-quality platinum plates with high cross-sectional dimensional accuracy.

[0068] In summary, the present invention combines the upper and lower constrained cold rolling deformation with the circumferentially constrained warm rolling deformation, and simultaneously realizes the microstructure regulation of large deformation of metal billets and the precise control of shape and size of small deformation. The device has multiple functions, efficient forming, energy saving and consumption reduction, low cost, and high material utilization rate. The metal products have high shape and size accuracy, good internal and external quality, and excellent comprehensive performance. It is particularly suitable for the forming of precious metal long products with high cross-sectional size accuracy requirements.

[0069] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection of the present invention is not limited to them. Any equivalent changes or substitutions of the features of the present invention that can be thought of by those skilled in the art are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A forming device for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product, characterized in that: It includes an ejector rod, a positioning mechanism, a rolling mill, a heater and a shaping die; in, The rolling mill is installed between the positioning mechanism and the shaping die; The positioning mechanism is installed between the ejector rod and the rolling mill and is located at the entrance of the rolling mill roll gap of the rolling mill; The shaping die is installed at the mill roll gap exit of the rolling mill; The heater is installed between the mill roll gap outlet and the shaping die or around the shaping die; The ejector rod, the positioning mechanism and the shaping die are horizontally centered on a center line along the rolling direction when installed; the ejector rod, the positioning mechanism, the rolling mill roll gap and the shaping die are located on the same horizontal plane along the rolling direction when installed.

2. A forming device for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The heater is at least one of a laser heater, an induction heater, a resistance heater or an electron beam heater.

3. A forming device for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The shaping mold is a straight-through hole mold.

4. A forming device for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An ultrasonic vibration mechanism is installed on one side of the shaping mold.

5. A forming method for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product, characterized in that: The forming method is operated based on the forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the forming method includes the following steps: Step 1: Turn on the rolling mill and the heater; Step 2: passing the metal blank through the positioning mechanism; Step 3: under the action of the ejector rod, the metal billet is fed into the rolling mill roll gap of the rolling mill; Step 4: cold-rolling the metal blank to obtain a metal rolled piece; Step 5: Under the action of the rolling friction horizontal thrust of the rolling mill, the metal rolled piece then enters the shaping die to undergo warm deformation; Step 6: Use the ejector rod to push out all the residual metal in the shaping mold to obtain a metal product.

6. A forming method for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The reduction amount of the cold-rolled metal blank is 10% to 90%, and the reduction amount of the warm-rolled metal piece is 1% to 40%.

7. A forming method for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The metal blank is cold rolled and deformed at room temperature or in a low-temperature heating state, and the low-temperature heating is offline heating or online heating; a lubricant is added or not added during the cold rolling deformation of the metal blank or the warm deformation of the metal rolled piece.

8. A forming method for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The metal product is subsequently machined.

9. A forming method for accurately controlling the shape and size of a metal product as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The material of the metal product is copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, titanium, nickel, zinc, tin, gold, silver, platinum, zirconium, niobium, tantalum or an alloy of any of the above metal materials, or steel, or a metal composite material; the shape of the metal product is a plate, bar, wire, pipe or profile.

10. A metal product, characterized in that: The metal product is formed by the method according to any one of claims 5 to 9.

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