Anti-reflective glass coating and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-reflective glass coating, its preparation method, and application. The method comprises: dissolving 3 to 5 parts of polystyrene in 30 to 50 parts of an ester, then adding 1 to 3 parts of micron-grade polypropylene to the mixed solution, ultrasonically dispersing the solution, spraying the resulting uniform dispersion onto the surface of a glass substrate, and drying; adding 3 to 5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70 to 90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10 to 30 parts of an ester, ultrasonically dispersing the solution uniformly, and then spraying the solution onto the glass obtained in step S1, drying, to obtain a stable anti-reflective glass coating. The technical problem to be solved is to improve the transmittance and surface self-cleaning ability of the glass material by adding the coating, while also ensuring that the prepared coating has excellent friction and wear resistance and a long service life, making it more suitable for practical applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a photovoltaic glass material, in particular to an anti-reflection glass coating and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to increasing fossil fuel consumption and environmental pollution, solar energy is becoming increasingly important as a clean, renewable energy source. As key photovoltaic devices for harvesting solar energy, solar power modules have garnered widespread attention in today's increasingly critical energy landscape. Current research on solar cell substrate materials, cell structures, and surface treatment processes has shown that solar photovoltaic conversion efficiency is approaching its limits. To further enhance this efficiency, improvements are being made in solar cell packaging materials and surface treatment technologies to improve the power generation efficiency of solar modules.

[0003] However, current anti-reflective coatings are generally hydrophilic, meaning that coated tempered glass absorbs water more readily than standard glass. Once the water evaporates, microscopic impurities in the water tend to adhere to the glass surface, reducing its transmittance. Furthermore, the coating's hydrophilicity makes the glass surface more susceptible to frost and ice formation, reducing the coating's lifespan and transmittance, which in turn affects the efficiency of solar panels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-reflective glass coating, a preparation method and application thereof. The technical problem to be solved is to improve the transmittance and surface self-cleaning ability of the glass material by adding a coating, while making the prepared coating have excellent friction and wear resistance and a longer service life, making it more suitable for practical applications.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention and the technical problem solved are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions. The present invention proposes a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Dissolve 3 to 5 parts of polystyrene in 30 to 50 parts of ester, then add 1 to 3 parts of micron-grade polypropylene to the mixed solution, disperse by ultrasonication, spray the resulting uniform dispersion on the surface of a glass substrate, and dry;

[0007] S2. Add 3 to 5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70 to 90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10 to 30 parts of esters, disperse them uniformly by ultrasonication, and then spray them onto the glass obtained in S1. Dry them to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0008] Preferably, in the aforementioned method for preparing the anti-reflection and high-transmittance hydrophobic glass coating, in step S1, the particle size of the micron-grade polypropylene powder is 5 to 15 microns.

[0009] Preferably, in the aforementioned method for preparing the anti-reflection and high-transmittance hydrophobic glass coating, in step S1, the mass ratio of the polypropylene to the SiO2 nanoparticles is (0.2-1):1.

[0010] Preferably, in the aforementioned method for preparing the anti-reflection and high-transmittance hydrophobic glass coating, in steps S1 and S2, the ester is selected from at least one of methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate.

[0011] Preferably, in the aforementioned method for preparing the anti-reflective, high-transmittance hydrophobic glass coating, in steps S1 and S2, the spraying is carried out at a distance of 10 to 20 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0 to 0.3 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.1 to 0.3 m / s.

[0012] Preferably, in the aforementioned method for preparing the anti-reflection and high-transmittance hydrophobic glass coating, in step S2, the particle size of the SiO2 nanoparticles is 20-50 nm.

[0013] The objectives of the present invention and the technical problems solved therein can be further achieved by adopting the following technical measures. The present invention provides an anti-reflective glass coating having an optical transmittance of 92.9% to 94.4% at 400 to 800 nm and a contact angle of 150.23 to 161.57°; the anti-reflective glass coating is prepared by the following steps:

[0014] S1, dissolving 3-5 parts of polystyrene in 30-50 parts of ester, then adding 1-3 parts of micron-grade polypropylene to the mixed solution, ultrasonically dispersing, spraying the resulting uniform dispersion on the surface of a glass substrate, and drying at 50°C for 2 hours;

[0015] S2. Add 3 to 5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70 to 90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10 to 30 parts of esters, disperse them uniformly by ultrasonication, and then spray them onto the glass substrate obtained in S1. Dry them to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0016] The objectives of the present invention and the technical problems solved therein can be further achieved by adopting the following technical measures. The present invention provides an anti-reflection glass, comprising a glass substrate, the surface of which is provided with the above-mentioned anti-reflection coating; the anti-reflection glass coating is prepared by the following steps:

[0017] S1, dissolving 3-5 parts of polystyrene in 30-50 parts of ester, then adding 1-3 parts of micron-grade polypropylene to the mixed solution, ultrasonically dispersing, spraying the resulting uniform dispersion on the surface of a glass substrate, and drying at 50°C for 2 hours;

[0018] S2. Add 3 to 5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70 to 90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10 to 30 parts of esters, disperse them uniformly by ultrasonication, and then spray them onto the glass substrate obtained in S1. Dry them to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0019] The purpose of the present invention and the technical problem solved are achieved by adopting the following technical solutions. The present invention proposes a method for preparing anti-reflective glass, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1, dissolving 3-5 parts of polystyrene in 30-50 parts of ester, then adding 1-3 parts of micron-grade polypropylene to the mixed solution, ultrasonically dispersing, spraying the resulting uniform dispersion on the surface of a glass substrate, and drying at 50°C for 2 hours;

[0021] S2. Add 3 to 5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70 to 90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10 to 30 parts of esters, disperse uniformly by ultrasonication, and then spray the mixture onto the glass substrate obtained in S1, and dry the mixture to obtain the anti-reflection glass.

[0022] The objectives of the present invention and the technical problems solved therein can be further achieved by adopting the following technical measures. The present invention proposes a solar module comprising the above-mentioned anti-reflection glass; the anti-reflection glass comprises a glass substrate, the surface of which is provided with an anti-reflection coating; the anti-reflection glass coating is prepared by the following steps:

[0023] S1, dissolving 3-5 parts of polystyrene in 30-50 parts of ester, then adding 1-3 parts of micron-grade polypropylene to the mixed solution, ultrasonically dispersing, spraying the resulting uniform dispersion on the surface of a glass substrate, and drying at 50°C for 2 hours;

[0024] S2. Add 3 to 5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70 to 90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10 to 30 parts of esters, disperse them uniformly by ultrasonication, and then spray them onto the glass substrate obtained in S1. Dry them to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0025] By means of the above technical solution, the anti-reflective glass coating provided by the present invention and its preparation method and application have at least the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The anti-reflective glass coating prepared by the present invention has anti-reflective ability and excellent self-cleaning effect, and can achieve good dust removal and anti-icing effects on the glass surface. When a layer of anti-reflective coating is applied to the surface of the glass, its transmittance can be increased by 1.7-2.8%;

[0027] 2. The anti-reflective glass coating prepared by the present invention has excellent friction and wear resistance and a long service life;

[0028] 3. The anti-reflection glass coating of the present invention has an optical transmittance of 92.9%-94.4% at 400-800 nm and a contact angle of 150.23-161.57°.

[0029] 4. The preparation process of the present invention is simple, convenient, low-cost, has little impact on the environment, has low requirements for reaction equipment, and can be produced on a large scale.

[0030] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 4 is a transmittance curve of the anti-reflection glass of Example 2 of the present invention within the range of 400-800 nm.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the super-hydrophobic performance of the anti-reflective glass coating of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a test chart of the friction and wear resistance of the anti-reflection glass coating of Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To further illustrate the technical means and effectiveness of the present invention in achieving its intended objectives, the following, in conjunction with preferred embodiments, provides a detailed description of an anti-reflective glass coating, its preparation method, and its specific implementation, structure, features, and effectiveness. In the following description, different references to "one embodiment" or "embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0035] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents mentioned below are all commercially available products familiar to those skilled in the art; unless otherwise specified, the methods described are all methods well known in the art. Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used should have the same meanings as those of ordinary skill in the art. Where specific experimental procedures or conditions are not specified below, the procedures or conditions described in the literature in this field can be followed.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1. Dissolve 3 to 5 parts of polystyrene in 30 to 50 parts of ester, then add 1 to 3 parts of micron-grade polypropylene to the mixed solution, disperse ultrasonically, and spray the resulting uniform dispersion on the surface of a glass substrate. Drying can be achieved by placing it in an oven at 40 to 60°C for 1 to 3 hours. Under these conditions, the sample can be dried and time costs can be saved. The glass substrate can be low-iron ultra-white smooth tempered glass commonly used in solar modules to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar modules.

[0038] S2. Add 3 to 5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70 to 90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10 to 30 parts of esters, disperse them evenly by ultrasonication, and then spray them onto the glass obtained in S1. Then dry them. The drying process can be carried out by placing them in an oven at 40 to 60°C for 1 to 3 hours. Under these conditions, the sample can be dried and time costs can be saved, and finally a stable anti-reflection glass coating can be obtained.

[0039] In the above technical solution, specifically, the first step is to spray polypropylene microparticles as the bottom layer, and then the second step is to spray silica nanoparticles onto the microparticles as the top layer. Both the microfeatures and nanofeatures are firmly fixed by a low surface energy polymer adhesive. By adjusting the ratio between the microparticles and the nanoparticles, an optimized and controllable micro / nano hierarchical structure is obtained. If the order of the first and second steps is adjusted, the superhydrophobic properties of the coating will be affected. In the present invention, there is a synergistic effect between the micron and nanoparticles, and the rough structure of the superhydrophobic surface is composed of papillae of micron structure, and the nanostructure present on the micron papillae makes the rough structure more stable. Compared with the superhydrophobic surface obtained by using only nanomaterials, this layered structure combining micro-nano structures makes the superhydrophobic surface more stable and has excellent hydrophobic properties.

[0040] In some embodiments, optionally, in step S1, the micron-sized polypropylene powder has a particle size of 5 to 15 microns. If the particle size is less than 5 microns, the small particle size will result in a low surface roughness of the coating, affecting the hydrophobic properties of the surface; if the particle size is greater than 15 microns, the large particle size will affect the transmittance of the glass itself.

[0041] In some embodiments, optionally, in step S1, the mass ratio of the polypropylene to the SiO2 nanoparticles is (0.2-1):1. If the mass ratio is less than 0.2:1, the coating surface will have a low roughness, affecting its surface hydrophobicity; if the mass ratio is greater than 1:1, the transmittance of the glass itself will be affected.

[0042] In some embodiments, optionally, in steps S1 and S2, the ester solution is selected from at least one of methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate. Polystyrene, used as a binder, dissolves in butyl acetate. Therefore, when selecting an ester, the solubility of polystyrene should be considered. A higher solubility results in better friction and wear resistance of the resulting coating.

[0043] In some embodiments, optionally, in steps S1 and S2, the spraying is performed at a distance of 10 to 20 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0 to 0.3 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.1 to 0.3 m / s. If the parameters are below the lower limit or above the upper limit, the uniformity and thickness of the sprayed coating will be directly affected, thereby affecting the superhydrophobic properties of the coating and the transmittance of the glass.

[0044] In some embodiments, optionally, in step S2, in order to ensure that the glass after coating has high transmittance and excellent super-hydrophobicity, the particle size of the SiO2 nanoparticles is 20-50 nm.

[0045] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an anti-reflection glass coating is further provided. The anti-reflection glass coating has an optical transmittance of 92.9%-94.4% at 400-800 nm and a contact angle of 150.23-161.57°. The anti-reflection glass coating is prepared by the above method.

[0046] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an anti-reflection glass is provided. The anti-reflection glass comprises a glass substrate, and an anti-reflection coating is provided on the surface of the glass substrate. The anti-reflection coating has an optical transmittance of 92.9% to 94.4% at 400 to 800 nm and a contact angle of 150.23 to 161.57°. The anti-reflection glass can be used in solar panels.

[0047] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a solar module is provided, which includes the anti-reflection glass described above. The solar module can be applied to devices that use solar energy as a power source.

[0048] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0049] The performance parameters in the following examples were measured using the following methods:

[0050] Transmittance testing was performed using a UV / VIS / IR spectrophotometer. Sample preparation: The sample should be larger than the effective aperture of the light port, 4mm thick, and double-sided polished. During testing, input parameters such as wavelength range and scanning speed to test the sample transmittance (GB / T7962.12-2010).

[0051] The water contact angles of different samples were measured using a contact angle meter, Kruss DSA25. Deionized water was used for the test, and a 5 μL droplet was used as the basic unit. The measured contact angles were the arithmetic averages of three different plane positions.

[0052] In the friction and wear experiment, sandpaper of different mesh sizes (240#, 400#, 800# and 1000#) was used to rub against the sample surface at a constant speed of 1 cm / s. The load during the wear process was provided by a 100g weight. The change in the contact angle of the glass surface before and after friction was tested to characterize the friction and wear resistance of the coating.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0055] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (Φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol for 10 min, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 h.

[0056] (2) 3 g of polystyrene was dissolved in 30 g of butyl acetate, and then 1 g of polypropylene with a particle size of 5 μm was added to the mixed solution. Ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 min. The resulting uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed onto the surface of a glass substrate at a distance of 10 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.1 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.1 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven and dried for 2 hours.

[0057] (3) 3 g of SiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 20 nm were added to a mixed solution containing 70 g of anhydrous ethanol and 10 g of butyl acetate, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. After uniform dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and placed in an oven at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0060] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (Φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol for 10 min, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 h.

[0061] (2) 4 g of polystyrene was dissolved in 40 g of butyl acetate, and then 2 g of polypropylene with a particle size of 10 μm was added to the mixed solution. Ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 min. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed onto the surface of a glass substrate at a distance of 15 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.2 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven for drying for 2 hours.

[0062] (3) 4 g of SiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 30 nm were added to a mixed solution containing 80 g of anhydrous ethanol and 20 g of butyl acetate, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. After uniform dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and then placed in an oven at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0065] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (Φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol for 10 min, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 h.

[0066] (2) 5 g of polystyrene was dissolved in 50 g of butyl acetate, and then 3 g of 15 μm particle size was added to the mixed solution. Ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 min. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed on the surface of the glass substrate at a distance of 20 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.3 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.3 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven for drying for 2 hours.

[0067] (3) 5 g of SiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 30 nm were added to a mixed solution containing 90 g of anhydrous ethanol and 30 g of butyl acetate, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. After uniform dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and placed in an oven at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0070] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (Φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol for 10 min, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 h.

[0071] (2) 4 g of polystyrene was dissolved in 40 g of butyl acetate, and then 1 g of polypropylene with a particle size of 10 μm was added to the mixed solution. Ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 min. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed onto the surface of a glass substrate at a distance of 15 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.2 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven for drying for 2 hours.

[0072] (3) 5 g of SiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 30 nm were added to a mixed solution containing 80 g of anhydrous ethanol and 20 g of butyl acetate, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. After uniform dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and then placed in an oven at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0075] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (Φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol for 10 min, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 h.

[0076] (2) 4 g of polystyrene was dissolved in 40 g of butyl acetate, and then 3 g of polypropylene with a particle size of 10 μm was added to the mixed solution. Ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 min. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed onto the surface of a glass substrate at a distance of 15 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.2 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven for drying for 2 hours.

[0077] (3) 3 g of SiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 30 nm were added to a mixed solution containing 80 g of anhydrous ethanol and 20 g of butyl acetate, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. After uniform dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and placed in an oven at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0078] Example 6

[0079] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0080] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (Φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol for 10 min, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 h.

[0081] (2) 4 g of polystyrene was dissolved in 40 g of butyl acetate, and then 2 g of polypropylene with a particle size of 20 μm was added to the mixed solution. Ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 min. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed onto the surface of a glass substrate at a distance of 15 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.2 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven for drying for 2 hours.

[0082] (3) 4 g of SiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 30 nm were added to a mixed solution containing 80 g of anhydrous ethanol and 20 g of butyl acetate, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. After uniform dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and then placed in an oven at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0083] Example 7

[0084] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0085] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (Φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol for 10 min, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 h.

[0086] (2) 4 g of polystyrene was dissolved in 40 g of butyl acetate, and then 2 g of polypropylene with a particle size of 10 μm was added to the mixed solution. Ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 min. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed onto the surface of a glass substrate at a distance of 14 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.3 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven for drying for 2 hours.

[0087] (3) 4 g of SiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 30 nm were added to a mixed solution containing 80 g of anhydrous ethanol and 20 g of butyl acetate, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. After uniform dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and then placed in an oven at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0088] Example 8

[0089] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0090] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol for 10 min, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 h.

[0091] (2) 4 g of polystyrene was dissolved in 40 g of methyl acetate, and then 2 g of polypropylene with a particle size of 10 μm was added to the mixed solution. Ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 min. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed onto the surface of a glass substrate at a distance of 15 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.2 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven and dried for 2 hours.

[0092] (3) 4 g of SiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 30 nm were added to a mixed solution containing 80 g of anhydrous ethanol and 20 g of methyl acetate, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. After uniform dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and then placed in an oven at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0093] Comparative Example 1

[0094] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0095] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (Φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 hours.

[0096] (2) 4 g of polystyrene was dissolved in 40 g of butyl acetate, and then 1 g of polypropylene with a particle size of 10 μm was added to the mixed solution and ultrasonically dispersed. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed onto the surface of a glass substrate at a distance of 15 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.2 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven and dried for 2 hours.

[0097] (3) 10 g of SiO2 nanoparticles were added to a mixed solution containing 80 g of anhydrous ethanol and 20 g of butyl acetate. After ultrasonic dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass substrate obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and then placed in an oven at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0098] Comparative Example 2

[0099] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0100] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 hours.

[0101] (2) 4 g of polystyrene was dissolved in 40 g of butyl acetate, and then 6 g of polypropylene with a particle size of 10 μm was added to the mixed solution and ultrasonically dispersed. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed onto the surface of a glass substrate at a distance of 15 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.2 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven and dried for 2 hours.

[0102] (3) 4 g of SiO2 nanoparticles were added to a mixed solution containing 80 g of anhydrous ethanol and 20 g of butyl acetate. After ultrasonic dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass substrate obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and then placed in an oven for drying to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0103] Comparative Example 3

[0104] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0105] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (Φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol for 10 min, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 h.

[0106] (2) 4 g of SiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 30 nm were added to a mixed solution containing 80 g of anhydrous ethanol and 20 g of butyl acetate, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed on the surface of a glass substrate at a distance of 15 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.2 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven and dried for 2 h.

[0107] (3) 4 g of polystyrene was dissolved in 40 g of butyl acetate, and then 2 g of polypropylene with a particle size of 10 μm was added to the mixed solution and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. After uniform dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and then placed in an oven at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0108] Comparative Example 4

[0109] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0110] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (Φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol for 10 min, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 h.

[0111] (2) 2 g of polypropylene with a particle size of 10 μm was added to 40 g of butyl acetate and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed onto the surface of a glass substrate at a distance of 15 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.2 m / s. The dispersion was then placed in a 50°C oven and dried for 2 h.

[0112] (3) 4 g of SiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 30 nm were added to a mixed solution containing 80 g of anhydrous ethanol and 20 g of butyl acetate, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. After uniform dispersion, the mixed solution was sprayed onto the glass obtained above according to the previous spraying parameters, and then placed in an oven at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0113] Comparative Example 5

[0114] This comparative example provides a method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, comprising the following steps:

[0115] (1) A commercially available low-iron ultra-white polished tempered glass substrate (Φ33×4 mm) was ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol for 10 min, then rinsed with deionized water and dried in a 50°C oven for 2 h.

[0116] (2) 4 g of SiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 30 nm were added to a mixed solution containing 80 g of anhydrous ethanol and 20 g of butyl acetate, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. The uniform dispersion was poured into a spray gun and sprayed on the surface of the glass substrate at a distance of 15 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.2 m / s. The dispersion was placed in an oven at 50°C and dried for 2 hours to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating.

[0117] Table 1 Optical transmittance, super hydrophobicity and friction and wear resistance of Examples 1-8 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0118]

[0119] From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that compared with Comparative Examples 1-5, the anti-reflective glass coatings of Examples 1-8 of the present invention have an optical transmittance of 92.9%-94.4% at 400-800nm ​​and a contact angle of 150.23-161.57°. Compared with Comparative Example 5, Example 2 exhibits excellent superhydrophobicity and stability, which is attributed to the synergistic effect between the prepared micro- and nanostructures, which makes the rough structure more stable. Figure 1It can be seen that the anti-reflection glass obtained in Example 2 has a higher transmittance than the blank glass. This is because the presence of the micro-nano structure forms nanopores on the coating surface. The presence of the nanopore structure can capture incident light and prevent it from being reflected and scattered, thereby allowing light to transmit through the glass. Therefore, the coating exhibits excellent anti-reflection properties. Figure 2 It can be seen that the contact angle of the coating obtained in Example 2 is 161.57°, which is much higher than the requirement of 150° for the contact angle of super-hydrophobic materials. The hydrophobic performance is excellent. The reason is that the prepared micro-nano multi-level structure can well reduce the contact area between the droplet and the material surface, so that the coating exhibits excellent hydrophobic performance. Figure 3 It can be seen that the contact angle of the coating obtained in Example 2 remains above 150° after being rubbed with sandpaper of different mesh sizes. The reason is that polystyrene, as a polymer with low surface energy, can firmly bond the micro- and nano-structures together, so that the coating has good friction and wear resistance.

[0120] The anti-reflection glass prepared in Example 2 was applied to solar cells, and the change in solar cell efficiency was evaluated over a one-month period. The results showed that the glass with micro-nanostructures exhibited superior self-cleaning and anti-reflection properties. During the one-month outdoor test, the solar cell efficiency decreased by only 1.33%, while the efficiency of the solar cell using blank glass decreased by 7.81%. The solar cell efficiency mentioned above represents power generation efficiency, and the percentage decrease is calculated by subtracting the post-test solar cell efficiency from the pre-test solar cell efficiency, divided by the pre-test solar cell efficiency.

[0121] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0122] The numerical ranges described in the present invention include all values ​​within the range, and include range values ​​formed by any two values ​​within the range. Different numerical values ​​of the same indicator appearing in all embodiments of the present invention can be arbitrarily combined to form a range value.

[0123] The technical features in the claims and / or the specification of the present invention may be combined, and the manner of combination is not limited to the combination obtained by reference in the claims. The technical solutions obtained by combining the technical features in the claims and / or the specification are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0124] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an anti-reflective glass coating, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Dissolve 3-5 parts of polystyrene in 30-50 parts of an ester to obtain a mixed solution. Then, add 1-3 parts of micron-sized polypropylene powder to the mixed solution, disperse it ultrasonically, and spray the obtained uniform dispersion on the surface of a glass substrate, and dry it. S2, adding 3-5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70-90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10-30 parts of an ester, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonication, and then spraying the mixture onto the glass obtained in S1, and drying the mixture to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating; The mass ratio of the polypropylene to the SiO2 nanoparticles is (0.2-1):

1.

2. The method for preparing an anti-reflection glass coating according to claim 1, wherein: In step S1, the particle size of the micron-grade polypropylene powder is 5 to 15 microns.

3. The method for preparing an anti-reflection glass coating according to claim 1, wherein: In steps S1 and S2, the ester is selected from at least one of methyl acetate, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate.

4. The method for preparing an anti-reflection glass coating according to claim 1, wherein: In steps S1 and S2, the spraying is performed at a distance of 10 to 20 cm from the glass substrate, a spraying pressure of 0 to 0.3 MPa, and a spraying speed of 0.1 to 0.3 m / s.

5. The method for preparing an anti-reflection glass coating according to claim 1, wherein: In step S2, the particle size of the SiO2 nanoparticles is 20-50 nm.

6. An anti-reflective glass coating, characterized in that: The anti-reflection glass coating has an optical transmittance of 92.9%-94.4% at 400-800 nm and a contact angle of 150.23-161.57°; It is prepared by the following steps: S1. Dissolve 3-5 parts of polystyrene in 30-50 parts of ester to obtain a mixed solution. Then, add 1-3 parts of micron-sized polypropylene powder to the mixed solution, disperse it by ultrasonication, and spray the obtained uniform dispersion on the surface of a glass substrate, and dry it at 50°C for 2 hours. S2, adding 3-5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70-90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10-30 parts of an ester, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonication, and then spraying the mixture onto the glass substrate obtained in S1, and drying the mixture to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating; The mass ratio of the polypropylene to the SiO2 nanoparticles is (0.2-1):

1. 7.An anti-reflection glass, characterized in that: The anti-reflection glass comprises a glass substrate, and an anti-reflection coating is provided on the surface of the glass substrate; the anti-reflection coating is prepared by the following steps: S1. Dissolve 3-5 parts of polystyrene in 30-50 parts of ester to obtain a mixed solution. Then, add 1-3 parts of micron-sized polypropylene powder to the mixed solution, disperse it ultrasonically, and spray the obtained uniform dispersion on the surface of a glass substrate, and dry it at 50°C for 2 hours. S2, adding 3-5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70-90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10-30 parts of an ester, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonication, and then spraying the mixture onto the glass substrate obtained in S1, and drying the mixture to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating; The mass ratio of the polypropylene to the SiO2 nanoparticles is (0.2-1):

1.

8. A method for preparing anti-reflection glass, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Dissolve 3-5 parts of polystyrene in 30-50 parts of ester to obtain a mixed solution. Then, add 1-3 parts of micron-sized polypropylene powder to the mixed solution, disperse it ultrasonically, and spray the obtained uniform dispersion on the surface of a glass substrate, and dry it at 50°C for 2 hours. S2, adding 3-5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70-90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10-30 parts of an ester, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonication, and then spraying the mixture onto the glass substrate obtained in S1, and drying the mixture to obtain the anti-reflection glass; The mass ratio of the polypropylene to the SiO2 nanoparticles is (0.2-1):

1.

9. A solar module, characterized in that: The invention comprises anti-reflection glass; the anti-reflection glass comprises a glass substrate, and an anti-reflection coating is provided on the surface of the glass substrate; the anti-reflection coating is prepared by the following steps: S1. Dissolve 3-5 parts of polystyrene in 30-50 parts of ester to obtain a mixed solution. Then, add 1-3 parts of micron-sized polypropylene powder to the mixed solution, disperse it ultrasonically, and spray the obtained uniform dispersion on the surface of a glass substrate, and dry it at 50°C for 2 hours. S2, adding 3-5 parts of SiO2 nanoparticles to a mixed solution containing 70-90 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 10-30 parts of an ester, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonication, and then spraying the mixture onto the glass substrate obtained in S1, and drying the mixture to obtain a stable anti-reflection glass coating; The mass ratio of the polypropylene to the SiO2 nanoparticles is (0.2-1):1.

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