A hydrogen internal combustion engine emission processor assembly

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen internal combustion engines and discloses a hydrogen internal combustion engine emission treatment unit assembly. The assembly comprises an SCR component, a mixer component, and a HOC component. The SCR component is sequentially mounted with a spoiler, an SCR module, and an SCR / ASC module. The SCR / ASC module comprises an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is coated near the carrier side; the outlet is coated on the carrier side. The SCR module is coated with a coating, and the coatings in the SCR / ASC module and the SCR module contain a water-resistant adjuvant. The spoiler is formed with vents. The HOC module is encapsulated within the HOC component, and the HOC module is coated. This solves the problem of hydrogen internal combustion engines needing to comply with China VII emission regulations under existing technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen internal combustion engines, and in particular to an emission processor assembly of a hydrogen internal combustion engine. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is a future clean energy source. Currently, the use of hydrogen internal combustion engines in mobile power sources is a hot topic in China's dual-carbon strategy. However, exhaust emissions from hydrogen internal combustion engines are not limited to H2O in the traditional sense. Combustion products still include NOx, N2O, and H2, necessitating the use of an after-treatment system. Currently, China has implemented the National VIb emission regulations, while hydrogen internal combustion engines are subject to the more stringent National VII emission regulations. These engines face the following three major challenges:

[0003] Under the National VII emission standards, hydrogen internal combustion engines use lean-burn technology to improve thermal efficiency and increase mileage. As a result, the high-temperature, oxygen-rich environment created by the lean-burn technology of hydrogen internal combustion engines generates very high NOx emissions. Data show that when the air-fuel ratio is less than 2.0, its emission value can reach thousands of ppm, far greater than the hundreds of ppm emission level under National VIb.

[0004] In addition, hydrogen internal combustion engines are more likely to produce large amounts of water vapor during combustion compared to traditional diesel / gasoline engines. Water vapor will seriously affect the performance of the catalyst in the post-processor assembly, resulting in serious adverse consequences such as accelerated degradation / poisoning.

[0005] When hydrogen internal combustion engines are subject to the National VII emission regulations, the problem of N2O emissions needs to be solved, and NOx emissions during cold start of the internal combustion engine also need to be dealt with. Unlike the existing National VIb, which uses the weighted results of cold and hot states as assessment and testing items, the National VII regulations list cold start as a separate assessment and testing item, which requires solving the problem of NOx emissions during cold start of hydrogen internal combustion engines. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen internal combustion engine emission processor assembly to solve the problem that hydrogen internal combustion engines need to adapt to the National VII emission regulations under the existing technology.

[0007] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a hydrogen internal combustion engine emission processor assembly, comprising an SCR component, a mixer component and an HOC component, wherein the mixer component is installed at the front end of the SCR component, and the HOC component is installed at the front end of the mixer component;

[0008] The SCR component is sequentially installed with a spoiler, an SCR module, and an SCR / ASC module. The SCR / ASC module includes an inlet end and an outlet end. The inlet end is coated with a Cu-based and zeolite coating on the carrier side, and then coated with a V and / or Fe-based and zeolite coating on the outside. The carrier side of the outlet end is coated with a V and / or Fe-based and zeolite coating, and then coated with a Pt and / or Pd precious metal coating on the outside.

[0009] The SCR module is coated with a Cu-based and zeolite coating. The zeolite coating in the SCR / ASC module and the SCR module contains a water-resistant auxiliary agent. Ventilation holes are formed on the spoiler.

[0010] An HOC module is encapsulated in the HOC component, and the HOC module is coated with a precious metal coating containing Pt and / or Pd.

[0011] Preferably, the SCR component and the mixer component are connected via a first clamp, and the mixer component and the HOC component are connected via a second clamp.

[0012] Preferably, the distance between the baffles in the spoiler and the mixer component is L0, the inner diameter of the SCR component is DA, and L0 / DA≥0.5.

[0013] Preferably, the SCR / ASC module adopts a zoned coating process.

[0014] Preferably, the coating length at the outlet end is L1, the total coating length at the inlet end and the outlet end is L2, and L1 / L2≤50%.

[0015] Preferably, the outlet diameter, the inlet diameter and the diameter of the SCR module are the same.

[0016] Preferably, the SCR module and the SCR / ASC module are of an integrated structure or a split structure, and the SCR / ASC module is of an integrated structure or a split structure.

[0017] Beneficial effects: An SCR module with a Cu-based catalyst is configured upstream of the SCR component, which is beneficial to the catalytic conversion of NOx under all operating conditions and higher temperatures. An SCR / ASC module is configured downstream of the SCR module and a through-coated bottom Cu-based catalyst is used to further treat the catalytic conversion of NOx under all operating conditions, which is used to further benefit the catalytic conversion of NOx to meet the high-demand National VII emission regulations; a spoiler is configured before the SCR module, and air holes are arranged on the spoiler, which is beneficial to improving the flow field distribution uniformity UI when the airflow containing the reducing agent enters the SCR module to 0.95 or above, which is beneficial to the catalytic conversion of NOx; an HOC component is configured upstream of the mixer component, which can increase the temperature and oxidize H2, NO, etc. as needed to achieve a fast reaction in the treatment of NOx. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust treatment device assembly of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a main diagram of a spoiler of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. SCR component; 11. SCR / ASC module; 111. outlet end; 112. inlet end; 12. SCR module; 13. spoiler; 131. vent; 2. HOC component; 21. HOC module; 3. mixer component; 31. partition; 4. first clamp; 5. second clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all structures.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0024] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meanings.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the hydrogen internal combustion engine emission processor assembly of the present invention includes an SCR component 1 , a mixer component 3 and a HOC component 2 . The mixer component 3 is installed at the front end of the SCR component 1 , and the HOC component 2 is installed at the front end of the mixer component 3 .

[0026] In the SCR component 1 , a spoiler 13 , an SCR module 12 arranged downstream of the spoiler 13 , and an SCR / ASC module 11 arranged downstream of the SCR module 12 are packaged in sequence.

[0027] It should be noted that the SCR / ASC module 11 adopts a zoned coating technology, that is, it is divided into an inlet end 112 and an outlet end 111, wherein: the inlet end 112 close to the carrier side is coated with a Cu-based and zeolite coating, which is coated with a V and / or Fe-based and zeolite coating; the outlet end 111 close to the carrier side is coated with a Pt and / or Pd precious metal coating, which is coated with a V and / or Fe-based and zeolite coating.

[0028] The coating length L1 at outlet end 111 and the total coating length L2 at inlet end 112 and outlet end 111 meet the requirement L1 / L2 ≤ 50%. This condition ensures a balanced treatment of both NOx and NH3 slip. The SCR module 12 carrier is coated with a Cu-based and zeolite coating. The zeolite coating in the SCR / ASC module 11 and SCR module 12 contains an additive that provides excellent moisture resistance.

[0029] The diameter of the outlet end 111 is ΦD1, the diameter of the inlet end 112 is ΦD2, and the diameter of the SCR module 12 is ΦD3. The diameters of the three are the same, which is conducive to collectively packaging the three and the spoiler 13 inside the cylinder of the SCR component 1 and configuring them downstream of the mixer component 3.

[0030] Furthermore, the SCR / ASC module 11 and the SCR module 12 can be separate or integrated, and the specific structure can be designed according to the displacement of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

[0031] Furthermore, the SCR / ASC module 11 can be integral or split, and its specific design depends on the displacement of the hydrogen internal combustion engine.

[0032] A mixer component 3 is arranged upstream of the SCR component 1 . The SCR component 1 and the mixer component 3 are detachably connected via a first clamp 4 , making it easy for workers to install and disassemble them.

[0033] The distance between the spoiler 13 and the partition 31 in the mixer component 3 is L0, and the inner diameter of the SCR component 1 is ΦDA. The ratio between the two meets the condition: L0 / ΦDA ≥ 0.5. The above ratio is used to meet the necessary NH3 hydrolysis process. The spoiler 13 is equipped with unevenly distributed vent holes 131, such as Figure 2 As shown, the shape, size, position and density distribution of the vent holes 131 are adapted to the mixer component 3 to optimize and adjust the uniformity of the airflow from the mixer component 3. The uneven distribution characteristics of the vent holes 131 can optimize the uneven airflow flowing out of the mixer component 3, so that the NH3 uniformity of the flow field reaches above 0.95 when the airflow reaches the SCR module 12, achieving high uniformity and improving the NOx treatment efficiency through the SCR module 12.

[0034] Furthermore, the vent holes 131 are not limited to any hole shape, and any design that can help improve the uniformity of airflow can be adopted as a countermeasure.

[0035] The SCR component 1 and the mixer component 3 are detachably connected via the first clamp 4, which improves the convenience of the maintenance process of the SCR component 1. Furthermore, the SCR component 1 and the mixer component 3 can be combined into one to form a modified solution, which is designed as a whole and eliminates the first clamp 4 to reduce costs.

[0036] In order to increase the temperature and oxidize H2, especially NO in NOx, it is well known that NO accounts for about 10% in the exhaust flow. In order to maximize the efficiency of NOx treatment and achieve a fast reaction, it is necessary to increase the proportion of NO2 in NOx. Therefore, an HOC component 2 with an inner diameter of ΦDB is arranged upstream of the SCR component 1. The HOC component 2 and the mixer component 3 are detachably connected by a second clamp 5.

[0037] Enclosed within the HOC component 2 is an oxidation-type HOC module 21 with a diameter of ΦD4 and coated with a precious metal coating containing Pt and / or Pd. These dimensions must meet the following requirements: ΦDB ≤ ΦDA, ΦD4 ≤ ΦD1. The removable connection via the second clamp 5 allows for better maintenance of the mixer component 3. Positioning the HOC component 2 upstream of the SCR component 1 allows for earlier conversion of NO in NOx to NO2, enabling a faster reaction with the reductant and improving NOx treatment efficiency. This design, meeting these requirements, results in a compact aftertreatment design. The SCR component 1, mixer component 3, and HOC component 2 form a straight line when assembled.

[0038] The inlet of the HOC component 2 receives the exhaust flow from the hydrogen internal combustion engine. The reducing agent supply device installed in the mixer component 3 is a urea nozzle with an electric heating function. The electric heating function of the urea nozzle with an electric heating function is activated when the hydrogen internal combustion engine is cold started. The air-fuel ratio of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is calibrated to be greater than 2.0 under all operating conditions, and the inlet temperature of the SCR component 1 is calibrated to be ≤540°C.

[0039] The primary target of hydrogen internal combustion engines is NOx, so in the present invention:

[0040] The SCR component 1 is equipped with an SCR module 12 with a Cu-based catalyst upstream, which is beneficial for treating NOx catalytic conversion under all operating conditions and higher temperatures; further, an SCR / ASC module 11 is configured downstream of the SCR module 12, and a through-coated bottom layer Cu-based catalyst is used to further treat NOx catalytic conversion under all operating conditions, so as to further facilitate NOx catalytic conversion to meet the stringent emission regulations.

[0041] A spoiler 13 is disposed before the SCR module 12. The spoiler 13 is provided with unevenly distributed vents 131, which are beneficial for improving the flow field distribution uniformity UI when the airflow containing the reducing agent enters the SCR module 12, so that the distribution uniformity UI is increased to 0.95 or above, which is beneficial for treating NOx catalytic conversion.

[0042] The HOC component 2 is configured upstream of the mixer component 3 to increase the temperature and oxidize H2, NO, etc. as needed, thereby achieving a fast reaction in treating NOx. The reducing agent supply device uses a urea nozzle with an electric heating function in combination with a control method and its coupling with the HOC component 2, which is beneficial for catalytic conversion of NOx.

[0043] Hydrogen internal combustion engines primarily treat N2O, a chemically stable substance. Therefore, using a coating composed of V and / or Fe-based zeolites, commonly used during the National V stage of the emission standards, for its treatment is more sensitive and efficient than using a coating composed of Cu-based zeolites, commonly used during the National VIb stage. Therefore, the present invention utilizes the low exhaust temperature of lean-burn hydrogen internal combustion engines to coat the inlet end 112 near the carrier with a Cu-based zeolite coating, and further coats the inlet end 112 with a V and / or Fe-based zeolite coating. Furthermore, a V and / or Fe-based zeolite coating is coated on top of the coating, and a V and / or Fe-based zeolite coating is coated near the carrier at the outlet end 111. Specifically, each of these coatings is coated with a V and / or Fe-based zeolite coating, facilitating the catalytic conversion of N2O.

[0044] Hydrogen internal combustion engines also need to deal with low-temperature cold-start NOx. To address this, the use of a urea nozzle with an electric heating function in the reductant supply device can reach the NOx treatment temperature threshold approximately 200 seconds earlier. Therefore, the urea nozzle with an electric heating function can achieve NH3 hydrolysis earlier. Further combined with the control method and coupled with the HOC component 2 arranged upstream, it is beneficial to deal with NOx catalytic conversion.

[0045] Another problem that hydrogen internal combustion engines need to solve is the problem of catalyst water aging. The water vapor content in the exhaust of hydrogen internal combustion engines is much greater than that of traditional diesel engines. In the zeolite-containing coating of the SCR module 12 and the SCR / ASC module 11, an auxiliary agent with good water vapor resistance is added to the zeolite coating to achieve a slower deterioration.

[0046] The present invention strictly controls the air-fuel ratio of the hydrogen internal combustion engine to maintain it greater than 2.0 under all operating conditions, thereby achieving a balance between efficiency and emissions. The present invention also requires that the inlet temperature of the SCR component 1 be calibrated to be ≤540°C. Because the exhaust temperature is reduced due to the use of lean combustion, the temperature control required to use a V-based catalyst that is lower in cost and more sensitive to N2O requires no leakage of V and secondary pollution. The present invention also utilizes the emission characteristics of the hydrogen internal combustion engine. No DPF module is configured upstream of the SCR component 1, so there is no situation where the high temperature characteristics generated by active regeneration of the DPF will affect the use of the V-based catalyst in the SCR module 12.

[0047] In the present invention, the inlet of the HOC component 2 receives the exhaust flow from the hydrogen internal combustion engine and is directly used to increase the temperature and oxidize H2, NO, etc. The present invention utilizes the hydrogen internal combustion engine for reasons such as improving thermal efficiency. In order to adapt to a wider range of engine models, the present invention also proposes a control method that requires the inlet temperature of the SCR component 1 to be calibrated to be ≤540°C. This protective measure satisfies the emission regulations and does not cause V leakage. The present invention also utilizes the emission characteristics of the hydrogen internal combustion engine. No DPF module is configured upstream of the SCR component 1. Therefore, there is no situation where the high temperature characteristics generated by active regeneration of the DPF will affect the use of a V-based catalyst in the SCR / ASC module 11.

[0048] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust treatment device assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises an SCR component (1), a mixer component (3) and an HOC component (2), wherein the mixer component (3) is installed at the front end of the SCR component (1), and the HOC component (2) is installed at the front end of the mixer component (3); The SCR component (1) is sequentially installed with a spoiler (13), an SCR module (12), and an SCR / ASC module (11), wherein the SCR / ASC module (11) comprises an inlet end (112) and an outlet end (111); the inlet end (112) is coated with a coating composed of a Cu-based and zeolite coating near the carrier side, and then the outer side thereof is coated with a coating composed of a V-based and / or Fe-based and zeolite coating; the carrier side of the outlet end (111) is coated with a coating composed of a V-based and / or Fe-based and zeolite coating, and then the outer side thereof is coated with a coating containing a Pt and / or Pd noble metal; The SCR module (12) is coated with a coating composed of a Cu base and zeolite, and a water-resistant auxiliary agent is added to the zeolite coatings in the SCR / ASC module (11) and the SCR module (12); and a vent hole (131) is formed on the spoiler (13); An HOC module (21) is encapsulated in the HOC component (2), and the HOC module (21) is coated with a precious metal coating containing Pt and / or Pd.

2. The hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust treatment device assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The SCR component (1) and the mixer component (3) are connected via a first clamp (4), and the mixer component (3) and the HOC component (2) are connected via a second clamp (5).

3. The hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust treatment device assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the spoiler (13) and the partition (31) in the mixer component (3) is L0, the inner diameter of the SCR component (1) is DA, and L0 / DA≥0.

5.

4. The hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust treatment device assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The SCR / ASC module (11) adopts a zoned coating process.

5. The hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust treatment device assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating length of the outlet end (111) is L1, the total coating length of the inlet end (112) and the outlet end (111) is L2, and L1 / L2≤50%.

6. The hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust treatment device assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the outlet end (111), the diameter of the inlet end (112) and the diameter of the SCR module (12) are the same.

7. The hydrogen internal combustion engine exhaust treatment device assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The SCR module (12) and the SCR / ASC module (11) are of an integrated structure or a split structure, and the SCR / ASC module (11) is of an integrated structure or a split structure.

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