A 3D printing device and method for a similar simulation experiment model of a rock stratum

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and relates to a 3D printing device for a rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model, comprising: a machine body, at least two printing nozzles movably fitted on the machine body, a three-axis driving mechanism arranged on the machine body, the driving end of the three-axis driving mechanism being connected to the printing nozzles, and a plurality of printing nozzles being configured to convey different printing materials; a laying mechanism is movably fitted on the rear end of the moving direction of the printing nozzles through the three-axis driving mechanism, the laying mechanism includes a pressing plate that reciprocally contacts the model, and a driving member is configured to adjust the contact pressure between the pressing plate and the model; an adjusting end of an adjusting mechanism is configured to contact a delivery pipe communicated with the printing nozzles, and the delivery pipe is movably fitted with the printing nozzles through the adjusting end. The laying of a similarity model is realized through a 3D printing system to improve the laying efficiency and achieve the effect of printing different rock strata with a variety of similarity materials; through the output of the pressing plate pressure, the compaction effect and mechanical properties of the similarity model can be made more in line with the actual rock stratum conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a 3D printing device and method for a rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model. Background Art

[0002] After the coal seam is excavated, the overlying rock strata gradually break, collapse and migrate. Since the actual rock strata are located below the ground surface, it is impossible to directly observe and analyze the movement of the rock strata. Similarity simulation research is an important scientific research method. According to the similarity law, the actual rock stratum information is reconstructed in the laboratory. Not only can the migration characteristics of the overlying rock strata after coal seam excavation be directly observed, but also by means of the mechanical parameters generated in the model and their distribution on the model, the possible mechanical conditions of the actual prototype can be inferred, which is commonly used to solve practical problems in the production process of rock mass engineering. Existing printing equipment for simulating rock masses usually lays different materials according to the data parameters of the actual site to achieve the printing effect. For example, in a 3D printing device and method for a similar material for rock stratum control simulation experiment with the patent number CN105699148A, a manipulator is used to control the 3D printing nozzle to lay the laying material on the test bench. This makes it easy for the mixture materials such as sand and gypsum laid to cause blockage of the printing nozzle during the conveying process, and the effect of improving the model preparation efficiency cannot be achieved; and due to the fact that the rock mass itself has certain stress, although conventional printing equipment can lay rock strata, there are obvious deficiencies in simulating the mechanical parameter information of the actual rock mass, resulting in a loose overall model structure and inability to effectively infer the possible mechanical conditions in reality, with certain limitations; currently, the laying of similar models for simulating rock strata in the laboratory is mainly completed manually, which consumes a large amount of manpower, and the artificial vibration compaction cannot well control the compaction effect of the rock strata, resulting in a large error in the structural state and mechanical similarity of the rock strata, which is not conducive to analyzing the migration characteristics of the actual rock strata and solving practical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3D printing device and method for a rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model to solve the above problems. By means of a 3D printing automatic control system, the laying of the similarity model can be realized, and the laying efficiency of the similarity model can be improved; through the pressure output of the pressing plate, the compaction effect and mechanical properties of the similarity model can be made more in line with the actual rock stratum situation, making the model more conform to the actual working conditions and facilitating personnel to conduct mechanical deduction.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: A 3D printing device for a rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model, comprising:

[0005] A machine body, an inner cavity is formed in the machine body, and the inner cavity is used for laying the model;

[0006] At least two printing nozzles, movably engaged with the body, a three-axis drive mechanism is provided on the body, the drive end of the three-axis drive mechanism is connected to the printing nozzle, and a plurality of the printing nozzles are configured to convey different printing materials;

[0007] A laying mechanism is provided on the three-axis drive mechanism. The laying mechanism is movably engaged with the three-axis drive mechanism at the rear end in the moving direction of the printing nozzle. The laying mechanism includes a pressing plate that reciprocally contacts the model. One end of the pressing plate is connected to a driving member, and the driving member is configured to adjust the contact pressure between the pressing plate and the model;

[0008] An adjusting mechanism is provided on the printing nozzle. The adjusting end of the adjusting mechanism is configured to contact a delivery pipe communicating with the printing nozzle, and the delivery pipe is movably engaged with the printing nozzle through the adjusting end.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes:

[0010] A mounting seat is detachably connected to the drive end of the three-axis drive mechanism. The printing nozzle is arranged at the front end of the mounting seat. The pressing plate is movably connected to the rear end of the mounting seat. The driving member is arranged on the mounting seat, and the driving end of the driving member is elastically connected to the pressing plate.

[0011] Preferably, the driving member includes:

[0012] A first motor is fixedly connected to the mounting seat;

[0013] An adjusting block is slidably engaged in the mounting seat. The output shaft of the first motor extends into the mounting seat and is fixedly connected with a reciprocating lead screw. The adjusting block is threadedly sleeved on the reciprocating lead screw;

[0014] Wherein, an elastic member is provided on the adjusting block, and the elastic end of the elastic member is connected to the pressing plate.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic member includes:

[0016] A connecting seat. An empty groove is formed in the mounting seat. The connecting seat is slidably connected in the empty groove. One end of a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting seat. The other end of the connecting rod extends out of the mounting seat and is fixedly connected with a top plate. A plurality of support springs are arranged between the top plate and the pressing plate, and the two ends of the support springs are respectively fixedly connected to the top plate and the pressing plate.

[0017] Preferably, a limiting groove is formed on one side of the empty groove. The adjusting block is slidably and limitably connected in the limiting groove. There is a gap between the pressing plate and the top plate through the support spring, and the highest end of the pressing plate is lower than the printing nozzle.

[0018] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes:

[0019] A support fixed to the mounting base, and a plurality of the supports are provided. The number of the supports is the same as that of the printing nozzles and they are in one-to-one correspondence.

[0020] A connecting pipe arranged between the conveying pipe and the printing nozzle, and the connecting pipe is a telescopic structure.

[0021] A connecting spring arranged between the connecting pipe and the support, and the connecting spring is configured to abut the connecting pipe and the support respectively.

[0022] Preferably, the connecting pipe is a corrugated pipe. An arc-shaped plate is arranged on one side of the corrugated pipe close to the support. One end of the arc-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the connecting spring, and the other end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the support. Wherein, a fixing rod is fixedly connected between adjacent two arc-shaped plates, and the fixing rod is movably matched with respect to the mounting base.

[0023] Preferably, the three-axis driving mechanism includes:

[0024] A pair of slide rails fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the machine body relatively.

[0025] A pair of sliders respectively sliding on the pair of slide rails. A second motor is fixedly connected to any one of the sliders. A first gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor. A first rack is fixedly connected in the adjacent slide rail. The first gear meshes with the first rack.

[0026] A guide rail fixedly connected between the pair of sliders. A driving seat slides on the guide rail. A third motor is fixedly connected to the driving seat. A second gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor. A second rack is fixedly connected to the guide rail. The second gear meshes with the second rack.

[0027] A first cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the driving seat through a bracket. A first flange is fixedly connected to the movable end of the first cylinder. A second flange is fixedly connected to the mounting base. The first flange and the second flange are detachably connected.

[0028] Preferably, it further includes:

[0029] A second cylinder arranged on the three-axis driving mechanism. A damping rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the movable end of the second cylinder. A rotating rod is rotatably connected in the damping rotating shaft. A plurality of support rods are arranged at both ends of the rotating rod. The number of the support rods is the same as that of the conveying pipes and they are in one-to-one correspondence. A clamping ring is fixedly connected to one end of the support rod close to the conveying pipe. The adjacent conveying pipes pass through the clamping ring.

[0030] A 3D printing method for a rock formation similarity simulation experimental model, based on the above-mentioned 3D printing device for a rock formation similarity simulation experimental model, comprises the following steps:

[0031] Get the parameters of the simulation site;

[0032] Controlling the three-axis driving mechanism to drive the printing nozzle according to the acquired parameters;

[0033] When the print head is printing, different materials are laid in the body cavity, and the laid materials are compacted by a pressing plate that is in reciprocating contact with the model;

[0034] During the material compaction process, the contact pressure between the pressing plate and the model is adjusted by the driving member according to the actual strength of the rock formation in the acquired parameters;

[0035] The adjustment mechanism is used to drive the conveying tube to avoid blockage of printing materials during the printing process.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0037] The present invention performs 3D printing and laying of the model in the body cavity, uses a three-axis driving mechanism to drive at least two printing nozzles to move in three axes in the inner cavity, and lays according to the rock formation to be simulated, so as to achieve the effect of printing different rock formations using multiple similar materials, which not only improves the accuracy of simulating the actual situation, but also saves human resources. In addition, a laying mechanism is arranged at the rear end along the forward direction of the printing nozzle on the three-axis driving mechanism, and the material laid by the printing nozzle is compacted by a pressing plate on the laying mechanism that reciprocates relative to the model; the contact pressure between the pressing plate and the material is adjusted by a driving member, so that the simulated rock formation formed by the printing and laying can produce a structural strength similar to that of the actual rock mass, thereby improving the effect of the staff in deducing the actual situation through the model and the test accuracy. In addition, an adjusting mechanism is also arranged on the printing nozzle, and the adjusting end of the adjusting mechanism can contact with the conveying pipe, and the conveying pipe is movably connected with the printing nozzle, which can effectively reduce the situation that the printing nozzle is blocked by a mixture of sandstone, gypsum, etc. when laying different materials, thereby improving the model preparation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the overall device;

[0040] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of area A in

[0041] Figure 3 a positional relationship diagram of the slide rail and the guide rail;

[0042] Figure 4 a positional relationship diagram of the first rack and the second rack;

[0043] Figure 5 a positional relationship diagram of the driving seat and the mounting seat;

[0044] Figure 6 a positional relationship diagram of the reciprocating lead screw and the adjusting block;

[0045] Figure 7 a positional relationship diagram of the baffle plate and the printing nozzle;

[0046] Among them, 1, the body; 2, the printing nozzle; 3, the pressing plate; 4, the conveying pipe; 5, the mounting seat; 6, the first motor; 7, the adjusting block; 8, the reciprocating lead screw; 9, the connecting seat; 10, the connecting rod; 11, the top plate; 12, the supporting spring; 13, the support; 14, the connecting pipe; 15, the connecting spring; 16, the arc plate; 17, the fixing rod; 18, the slide rail; 19, the slider; 20, the first gear; 21, the first rack; 22, the guide rail; 23, the driving seat; 24, the third motor; 25, the second rack; 26, the second gear; 27, the second motor; 28, the first cylinder; 29, the bracket; 30, the first flange; 31, the second flange; 32, the second cylinder; 33, the damping rotating shaft; 34, the rotating rod; 35, the support rod; 36, the snap ring; 37, the conveying box; 38, the screw conveyor; 39, the mounting table; 40, the fourth motor; 41, the worm; 42, the worm gear; 43, the rotating rod; 44, the connecting box; 45, the baffle plate; 46, the third gear; 47, the third rack. Specific Embodiments

[0047] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] Example: Refer to Figures 1-7 , a 3D printing device for a rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model, including;

[0050] The body 1 has a cavity formed therein for laying a model.

[0051] At least two printing nozzles 2 are movably coupled to the body 1. A three-axis drive mechanism is provided on the body 1, and the drive end of the three-axis drive mechanism is connected to the printing nozzle 2. A plurality of printing nozzles 2 are configured to convey different printing materials.

[0052] A laying mechanism is provided on the three-axis drive mechanism. The laying mechanism is movably coupled to the rear end in the moving direction of the printing nozzle 2 through the three-axis drive mechanism. The laying mechanism includes a pressing plate 3 that reciprocally contacts the model. One end of the pressing plate 3 is connected to a driving member, and the driving member is configured to adjust the contact pressure between the pressing plate 3 and the model.

[0053] An adjusting mechanism is provided on the printing nozzle 2. The adjusting end of the adjusting mechanism is configured to contact a delivery pipe 4 communicating with the printing nozzle 2, and the delivery pipe 4 is movably coupled to the printing nozzle 2 through the adjusting end.

[0054] In the present invention, the model is printed and laid in the cavity of the body 1. The three-axis drive mechanism drives at least two printing nozzles 2 to perform three-axis movement in the cavity, and the laying is performed according to the rock formation conditions to be simulated, improving the accuracy of simulating the actual situation. Moreover, a laying mechanism is provided at the rear end along the advancing direction of the printing nozzle 2 on the three-axis drive mechanism. The pressing plate 3 that reciprocates relative to the model on the laying mechanism compacts the material laid by the printing nozzle 2, and the contact pressure between the pressing plate 3 and the material is adjusted by the driving member, so that the simulated rock formation formed by the printing and laying can generate a structural strength similar to that of the actual rock mass, thereby improving the effect of the staff deducing the actual situation through the model and enhancing the test accuracy. Additionally, an adjusting mechanism is also provided on the printing nozzle 2. The adjusting end of the adjusting mechanism can contact the delivery pipe 4, movably connecting the delivery pipe 4 and the printing nozzle 2, effectively reducing the situation where the printing nozzle 2 is blocked by mixtures such as sand and gypsum when laying different materials, and improving the model preparation efficiency.

[0055] It can be understood that the side wall surface of the body 1 is a visible window structure. A plurality of delivery boxes 37 are fixed to one side of the body 1 through a mounting table 39, and the height of the delivery boxes 37 is higher than that of the body 1. Different printing materials in the delivery boxes 37 are conveyed to the printing nozzle 2 through pipes, screw conveyors 38, and delivery pipes 4.

[0056] Furthermore, it further includes:

[0057] A mounting seat 5 is detachably connected to the drive end of the three-axis drive mechanism. The printing nozzle 2 is arranged at the front end of the mounting seat 5, the pressing plate 3 is movably connected to the rear end of the mounting seat 5, and the driving member is arranged on the mounting seat 5. The driving end of the driving member is elastically connected to the pressing plate 3.

[0058] Reference Figure 1 Figure 1 , by separately arranging and mounting the printing nozzle 2 and the driving member on the mounting seat 5, the movement paths of the two are limited by the mounting seat 5, ensuring that after the printing nozzle 2 is laid, the driving member drives the pressing plate 3 to accurately press the laid material, improving the efficiency and effect of model preparation.

[0059] Furthermore, the driving member includes:

[0060] A first motor 6, fixedly connected to the mounting seat 5;

[0061] An adjusting block 7, slidably fitted in the mounting seat 5. The output shaft of the first motor 6 extends into the mounting seat 5 and is fixedly connected with a reciprocating lead screw 8. The adjusting block 7 is threadedly sleeved on the reciprocating lead screw 8;

[0062] Wherein, an elastic member is arranged on the adjusting block 7, and the elastic end of the elastic member is connected to the pressing plate 3.

[0063] Furthermore, the elastic member includes:

[0064] A connecting seat 9. An empty groove is formed in the mounting seat 5. The connecting seat 9 is slidably connected in the empty groove. One end of a connecting rod 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting seat 9. The other end of the connecting rod 10 extends out of the mounting seat 5 and is fixedly connected with a top plate 11. A plurality of support springs 12 are arranged between the top plate 11 and the pressing plate 3, and both ends of the support springs 12 are fixedly connected to the top plate 11 and the pressing plate 3 respectively.

[0065] Reference Figure 5 Figure 5 , by rotating the reciprocating lead screw 8 by the first motor 6 to drive the adjusting block 7 to reciprocate in the mounting seat 5, the adjusting block 7 drives the connecting seat 9 to reciprocate along the empty groove, drives the top plate 11 to squeeze the support springs 12 through the connecting rod 10, and the support springs 12 act on the pressing plate 3 to press the laid model. And by adjusting the rotation speed of the first motor 6, that is, the reciprocating movement frequency of the adjusting block 7, the extrusion strength of the pressing plate 3 on the laid material can be controlled and adjusted, which is convenient for personnel to flexibly control.

[0066] Furthermore, a limiting groove is formed on one side of the empty groove. The adjusting block 7 is slidably and limit-connected in the limiting groove. There is a gap between the pressing plate 3 and the top plate 11 through the support springs 12, and the highest end of the pressing plate 3 is lower than the printing nozzle 2.

[0067] By providing a gap between the top plate 11 and the pressing plate 3, since the reciprocating movement stroke of the reciprocating lead screw 8 driving the connecting seat 9 and the connecting rod 10 is certain, the support springs 12 ensure that the pressing plate 3 has sufficient movement space after contacting the model, avoiding damage to the structures of the reciprocating lead screw 8 and the first motor 6.

[0068] Furthermore, the adjusting mechanism includes:

[0069] The support 13 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 5, and a plurality of supports 13 are provided. The number of the plurality of supports 13 is the same as that of the printing nozzles 2 and they correspond one by one;

[0070] The connecting pipe 14 is arranged between the conveying pipe 4 and the printing nozzle 2, and the connecting pipe 14 is a telescopic structure;

[0071] The connecting spring 15 is arranged between the connecting pipe 14 and the support 13, and the connecting spring 15 is configured to abut the connecting pipe 14 and the support 13 respectively.

[0072] Refer to Figure 4 ., by fixedly connecting the support 13 to the mounting base 5, arranging a telescopic connecting pipe 14 between the conveying pipe 4 and the printing nozzle 2, and abutting the support 13 and the connecting pipe 14 by the connecting spring 15. When the pressing plate 3 reciprocates and abuts against the paving material, the vibration generated by the contact can directly act on the connecting spring 15 through the mounting base 5. The connecting spring 15 is utilized to expand the vibration effect to achieve the anti-blocking effect of the conveying pipe 4, improve the model preparation effect, and has a simple structure, saving the use cost.

[0073] Further, the connecting pipe 14 is a corrugated pipe. An arc-shaped plate 16 is arranged on one side of the corrugated pipe close to the support 13. One end of the arc-shaped plate 16 is fixedly connected to the connecting spring 15, and the other end of the connecting spring 15 is fixedly connected to the support 13. Among them, a fixing rod 17 is fixedly connected between two adjacent arc-shaped plates 16, and the fixing rod 17 is movably matched with respect to the mounting base 5.

[0074] By respectively connecting and fixing the two ends of the corrugated pipe to the conveying pipe 4 and the printing nozzle 2, arranging the arc-shaped plate 16 on the outer side of the connecting pipe 14, abutting the groove of the arc-shaped plate 16 against the connecting pipe 14, and connecting the arc-shaped plate 16 and the support 13 by the connecting spring 15, the anti-blocking effect on the printing nozzle 2 is realized.

[0075] Refer to Figure 7, in an embodiment of the present invention, the printing nozzle 2 adopts a square structure. After the laying material is introduced through the delivery pipe 4, it exits the material in a rectangular column shape to simulate the preparation of the rock formation. A connection box 44 with both ends communicating with the printing nozzle 2 and the connecting pipe 14 respectively is further provided between the printing nozzle 2 and the connecting pipe 14. Fourth motors 40 are fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting seat 5 respectively, so that the output ends of the fourth motors 40 are fixedly connected with worm gears 41. A pair of worm gears 41 are respectively transferred in the mounting seat 5 and mesh with a pair of worm wheels 42. One end of a rotating rod 43 is fixedly connected to the axis of the worm wheel 42, and the other end of the rotating rod 43 is transferred in the connection box 44. A third gear 46 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod 43 extending into the connection box 44. A third rack 47 meshes with the third gear 46. A limiting groove is opened on the third rack 47. A limiting column (not shown in the figure) that is slidably connected with the limiting groove by the limiting groove is fixedly connected to the inner wall surface of the connection box 44. And a notch is opened along the rear end of the printing nozzle 2. A baffle 45 is slidably fitted in the notch. The top end of the baffle 45 is fixedly connected to the third rack 47. By driving the fourth motor 40 to drive the rotating rod 43 to rotate the third gear 46, the third rack 47 drives the baffle 45 to slide up and down. By adjusting the size of the notch, the amount of laying material exiting from the printing nozzle 2 is correspondingly realized, so as to construct models with different rock formation thicknesses and rock mass density differences caused by structural characteristics, and further improve the applicability of the overall printing device.

[0076] And by using the worm and worm gear structure, the fixing stability of the baffle 45 is maintained after the baffle 45 is lifted and adjusted by the fourth motor 40, avoiding inertial deflection when the motor structure stops operating and affecting the accuracy of the control of the rock mass thickness.

[0077] Furthermore, the three-axis drive mechanism includes:

[0078] A pair of slide rails 18, relatively fixedly connected to both sides of the top end of the machine body 1;

[0079] A pair of sliders 19, respectively slidably connected to the pair of slide rails 18. A second motor 27 is fixedly connected to any one of the sliders 19. The output shaft of the second motor 27 is fixedly connected with a first gear 20. A first rack 21 is fixedly connected inside the adjacent slide rail 18. The first gear 20 meshes with the first rack 21;

[0080] A guide rail 22, fixedly connected between the pair of sliders 19. A driving seat 23 is slidably connected to the guide rail 22. A third motor 24 is fixedly connected to the driving seat 23. The output shaft of the third motor 24 is fixedly connected with a second gear 26. A second rack 25 is fixedly connected to the guide rail 22. The second gear 26 meshes with the second rack 25;

[0081] A first air cylinder 28, fixedly connected to one side of the driving seat 23 through a bracket 29. The movable end of the first air cylinder 28 is fixedly connected with a first flange 30. A second flange 31 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 5. The first flange 30 and the second flange 31 are detachably connected.

[0082] The first gear 20 is rotated by the second motor 27, and the first gear 20 is engaged with the first rack 21, and the slider 19 slides along the slide rail 18, driving the guide rail 22 to slide along the first direction. The second gear 26 is rotated by the third motor 24 to engage with the second rack 25, so that the drive seat 23 slides along the guide rail 22. During the process, the first cylinder 28 drives the mounting seat 5 to move in the vertical direction, realizing the three-axis drive of the mounting seat 5, and the mounting seat 5 is detachably connected to the first cylinder 28 through the first flange 30, which is convenient for timely replacement and maintenance of the print head 2 and improves the use effect.

[0083] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0084] The second cylinder 32 is arranged on the three-axis driving mechanism. The movable end of the second cylinder 32 is fixedly connected with a damping shaft 33. A rotating rod 34 is connected inside the damping shaft 33. A plurality of support rods 35 are arranged on both ends of the rotating rod 34. The number of the support rods 35 is the same as that of the conveying pipes 4 and they correspond one to one. A clamping ring 36 is fixedly connected to one end of the support rod 35 close to the conveying pipe 4. An adjacent conveying pipe 4 is passed through the clamping ring 36.

[0085] By fixing the second cylinder 32 on the driving seat 23, fixing the movable end of the second cylinder 32 to the damping shaft 33, and connecting the damping shaft 33 through the rotating rod 34, the delivery pipe 4 is supported by the support rod 35 and the clamping ring 36 fixed on the support rod 35, so as to enhance the stability of the delivery pipe 4, and through the lifting action of the second cylinder 32, the delivery pipe 4 and the connecting pipe 14 are stretched, combined with the contact vibration effect of the connecting spring 15 and the arc plate 16 on the connecting pipe 14, the anti-blocking effect of the delivery pipe 4 is further improved.

[0086] A 3D printing method for a rock formation similarity simulation experimental model, based on the above-mentioned 3D printing device for a rock formation similarity simulation experimental model, comprises the following steps:

[0087] (1) Obtain relevant experimental parameters for strata simulation;

[0088] (2) controlling the three-axis driving mechanism to drive the printing nozzle 2 according to the acquired rock formation parameters, thereby achieving the laying of different rock formations;

[0089] (3) When the print head 2 prints, different materials are laid in the inner cavity of the body 1, and the laid materials are compacted by the pressing plate 3 that is in reciprocating contact with the model;

[0090] (4) During the material compaction process, according to the actual structural strength of the rock formation in the acquired rock formation parameters, the contact pressure formed between the pressing plate 3 and the model is adjusted by the driving member, thereby controlling the compaction effect of different rock formations;

[0091] (5) Drive the conveying pipe 4 to move by using the adjusting mechanism to prevent the printing material from being blocked during the printing process;

[0092] (6) Drive the third rack 47 by the fourth motor 40 to adjust the thickness of the printed rock layer;

[0093] (7) Stir the materials according to the obtained rock layer parameter information;

[0094] (8) Start the equipment to carry out model printing production.

[0095] By obtaining the relevant experimental parameters of the rock layer to be simulated, the parameters are calculated using 3D printing technology to obtain the laying positions of the corresponding materials. The principle can refer to the control terminal for setting printing coordinates in a 3D printing device and method for similar materials in a rock layer control simulation experiment in CN105699148A. Corresponding to the driving of the second motor 27, the third motor 24, and the first cylinder 28 in this technical solution to control the opening and closing of the printing nozzle 2 to move. The principle is the prior art. The mounting seat 5 is moved by driving the three-axis driving mechanism through coordinates, so that the printing nozzle 2 on the mounting seat 5 lays different materials according to the setting to prepare the model. During the printing process, the pressing plate 3 is driven by the driving member to reciprocate to compact the laid materials. Similarly, the strength of the simulated rock mass is obtained according to the obtained parameters, and the compaction condition of the material is controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the first motor 6; during the compaction process, the vibration source is transmitted to the connecting pipe 14 through the connecting spring 15 to reduce the blocking condition of the conveying pipe 4, achieving the purpose of saving labor, improving the laying efficiency, and enhancing the accuracy of the model's deduction of the actual situation.

[0096] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0097] The embodiments described above are only for describing the preferred mode of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 3D printing device for a rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model, characterized in that, Comprising; A body (1) with an inner cavity formed therein for laying a model; At least two printing nozzles (2) movably fitted on the body (1), a three-axis driving mechanism is provided on the body (1), the driving end of the three-axis driving mechanism is connected to the printing nozzle (2), and a plurality of the printing nozzles (2) are configured to convey different printing materials; A laying mechanism provided on the three-axis driving mechanism, the laying mechanism is movably fitted on the rear end in the moving direction of the printing nozzle (2) through the three-axis driving mechanism, the laying mechanism includes a pressing plate (3) that reciprocally contacts the model, one end of the pressing plate (3) is connected with a driving member, and the driving member is configured to adjust the contact pressure between the pressing plate (3) and the model; An adjusting mechanism provided on the printing nozzle (2), the adjusting end of the adjusting mechanism is configured to contact a conveying pipe (4) communicating with the printing nozzle (2), and the conveying pipe (4) is movably fitted with the printing nozzle (2) through the adjusting end; A mounting seat (5) detachably connected to the driving end of the three-axis driving mechanism, the printing nozzle (2) is arranged at the front end of the mounting seat (5), the pressing plate (3) is movably connected to the rear end of the mounting seat (5), the driving member is arranged on the mounting seat (5), and the driving end of the driving member is elastically connected to the pressing plate (3); The driving member includes: A first motor (6) fixedly connected to the mounting seat (5); An adjusting block (7) slidably fitted in the mounting seat (5), the output shaft of the first motor (6) extends into the mounting seat (5) and is fixedly connected with a reciprocating lead screw (8), and the adjusting block (7) is threadedly sleeved on the reciprocating lead screw (8); Wherein, an elastic member is provided on the adjusting block (7), and the elastic end of the elastic member is connected to the pressing plate (3); The elastic member includes: A connecting seat (9), an empty slot is formed in the mounting seat (5), the connecting seat (9) is slidably connected in the empty slot, one end of a connecting rod (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting seat (9), the other end of the connecting rod (10) extends out of the mounting seat (5) and is fixedly connected with a top plate (11), and a plurality of support springs (12) are arranged between the top plate (11) and the pressing plate (3), and two ends of the support springs (12) are respectively fixedly connected to the top plate (11) and the pressing plate (3); The adjusting mechanism includes: A support (13) fixedly connected to the mounting seat (5), a plurality of the supports (13) are provided, and the number of the supports (13) is the same as that of the printing nozzles (2) and they correspond one by one; A connecting pipe (14) arranged between the conveying pipe (4) and the printing nozzle (2), and the connecting pipe (14) is a telescopic structure; A connecting spring (15) arranged between the connecting pipe (14) and the support (13), and the connecting spring (15) is configured to abut the connecting pipe (14) and the support (13) against each other.

2. The 3D printing device for the rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model according to claim 1, wherein: A limiting groove is provided on one side of the empty groove, the adjusting block (7) is limitedly slidably connected in the limiting groove, a gap is provided between the pressing plate (3) and the top plate (11) via the supporting spring (12), and the highest end of the pressing plate (3) is lower than the printing nozzle (2).

3. The 3D printing device for the rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model according to claim 1, wherein: The connecting tube (14) is a bellows, and an arc plate (16) is arranged on one side of the bellows close to the support (13). One end of the arc plate (16) is fixedly connected to the connecting spring (15), and the other end of the connecting spring (15) is fixedly connected to the support (13). A fixing rod (17) is fixedly connected between two adjacent arc plates (16), and the fixing rod (17) is movably matched with respect to the mounting seat (5).

4. The 3D printing device for the rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-axis driving mechanism comprises: A pair of slide rails (18) fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the machine body (1); A pair of sliders (19) are respectively slidably connected to a pair of the slide rails (18), wherein a second motor (27) is fixedly connected to any one of the sliders (19), a first gear (20) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (27), a first rack (21) is fixedly connected in the adjacent slide rails (18), and the first gear (20) is meshed with the first rack (21); A guide rail (22) is fixedly connected between a pair of the sliders (19); the guide rail (22) is slidably connected to a driving seat (23); a third motor (24) is fixedly connected to the driving seat (23); an output shaft of the third motor (24) is fixedly connected to a second gear (26); a second rack (25) is fixedly connected to the guide rail (22); and the second gear (26) is meshed with the second rack (25); The first cylinder (28) is fixedly connected to one side of the driving seat (23) via a bracket (29); a first flange (30) is fixedly connected to the movable end of the first cylinder (28); a second flange (31) is fixedly connected to the mounting seat (5); and the first flange (30) and the second flange (31) are detachably connected.

5. The 3D printing device for the rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model according to claim 1, wherein, Also includes: The second cylinder (32) is arranged on the three-axis driving mechanism. The movable end of the second cylinder (32) is fixedly connected to a damping rotating shaft (33). A rotating rod (34) is connected inside the damping rotating shaft (33). A plurality of support rods (35) are arranged on both ends of the rotating rod (34). The number of the support rods (35) is the same as that of the conveying pipes (4) and they correspond one to one. One end of the support rod (35) close to the conveying pipe (4) is fixedly connected to a clamping ring (36), and an adjacent conveying pipe (4) is passed through the clamping ring (36).

6. A 3D printing method for a rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model, based on the 3D printing device for a rock stratum similarity simulation experiment model described in claim 1, characterized in that The following steps are involved: Get the parameters of the simulation site; Controlling a three-axis driving mechanism to drive a printing nozzle (2) according to the acquired parameters; When the print head (2) is printing, different materials are laid in the inner cavity of the machine body (1), and the laid materials are compacted by a pressing plate (3) that is in reciprocating contact with the model; During the material compaction process, the contact pressure between the pressing plate (3) and the model is adjusted by the driving member according to the actual strength of the rock formation in the acquired parameters; The regulating mechanism is used to drive the conveying pipe (4) to move, thereby preventing the printing material from being blocked during the printing process.

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