Photovoltaic support settlement observation device and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a photovoltaic support settlement observation device and method, wherein the observation device is applied to a photovoltaic support group, wherein the photovoltaic support group includes two photovoltaic supports; the observation device includes a power supply component, a settlement observation component, and an audible and visual alarm component connected in sequence; the power supply component is used to power the settlement observation component and the audible and visual alarm component; the settlement observation component includes a photoelectric sensor installed on one of the photovoltaic supports and an observation marker installed on another photovoltaic support; the photoelectric sensor is used to detect the relative distance between the observation markers and determine whether the photovoltaic supports in the photovoltaic support group have settled based on the relative distance. The present invention consumes less cost, requires less proficiency from the staff, and has higher detection accuracy, solving the problems of poor general usability and high operating costs in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power equipment, and in particular to a photovoltaic support settlement observation device and method. Background Art

[0002] As the goals of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality advance, photovoltaic power stations are rapidly being constructed in northern Shaanxi, leveraging its vast land and abundant sunlight resources. Consequently, one of the pressing technical challenges is how to effectively detect the subsidence of photovoltaic mounting systems in coal mining subsidence areas. The key to addressing this issue lies in implementing efficient monitoring measures.

[0003] Existing ground-based information extraction enables real-time monitoring of horizontal and vertical surface displacement, enabling timely detection and assessment of ground subsidence. Ground subsidence monitoring, a key piece of equipment, plays a crucial role in engineering construction and geological monitoring. However, ground-based INSAR monitoring systems and total stations are expensive to purchase, repair, and maintain. Their high precision and complex measurement capabilities often lead to high prices, which can increase investment costs for projects with limited budgets. Therefore, when choosing to use existing ground-based INSAR monitoring systems and total stations for ground subsidence monitoring, it is important to fully consider the project's specific needs and budget, weighing various factors to ensure appropriate monitoring equipment and effectively manage monitoring costs. Existing ground-based INSAR monitoring systems and total stations are not universally applicable. Furthermore, ground-based INSAR monitoring systems and total stations require professionally trained operators for operation and data processing, which increases the barrier to entry and costs. Operators must possess relevant professional knowledge and skills to properly use and maintain the equipment and ensure accurate and reliable measurement results. Consequently, companies or projects must invest time and money in training professional operators, increasing project operating costs and management complexity.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the problems of poor universal applicability and high operating costs of existing photovoltaic bracket monitoring measures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a photovoltaic support settlement observation device and method, which are used to solve the defects of existing photovoltaic support monitoring measures such as poor universal applicability and high operating costs.

[0006] The present invention provides a photovoltaic support settlement observation device, which is applied to a photovoltaic support group, wherein the photovoltaic support group includes two photovoltaic supports; the observation device includes a power supply component, a settlement observation component, and an audible and visual alarm component connected in sequence;

[0007] The power supply component is used to supply power to the settlement observation component and the sound and light alarm component;

[0008] The settlement observation assembly includes a photoelectric sensor installed on one of the photovoltaic brackets and an observation marker installed on another photovoltaic bracket; the photoelectric sensor is used to detect the relative distance between the observation markers and to determine whether the photovoltaic brackets in the photovoltaic bracket group have settled based on the relative distance;

[0009] When the photovoltaic support sinks, the photoelectric sensor controls the sound and light alarm component to perform an alarm action.

[0010] According to a photovoltaic support settlement observation device provided by the present invention, the power supply assembly includes a battery, the battery and the photoelectric sensor are installed on the same photovoltaic support, and the output end of the battery is connected to the photoelectric sensor;

[0011] The power supply assembly further includes a photovoltaic panel, which is connected to the input end of the battery.

[0012] According to a photovoltaic support settlement observation device provided by the present invention, the power supply assembly also includes a battery controller, a first end of the battery controller is connected to the photovoltaic panel, and a second end of the battery controller is connected to the battery.

[0013] According to a photovoltaic support settlement observation device provided by the present invention, the sound and light alarm assembly includes a light-emitting element and an alarm connected to the photoelectric sensor;

[0014] When the photovoltaic support sinks, the photoelectric sensor controls the light-emitting element to emit light and controls the alarm to emit a buzzer sound.

[0015] According to a photovoltaic support settlement observation device provided by the present invention, the sound and light alarm component further includes a resistor, and two ends of the resistor are respectively connected to the first end and the second end of the photoelectric sensor.

[0016] According to a photovoltaic support settlement observation device provided by the present invention, the photoelectric sensor is integrated with a photoelectric switch, and the photoelectric switch is a normally open switch;

[0017] When the photovoltaic support sinks, the photoelectric switch is closed, the light-emitting element emits light, and the alarm emits a buzzer sound.

[0018] According to a photovoltaic support settlement observation device provided by the present invention, the sound and light alarm component includes a triode, and the light emitting element is a light emitting diode;

[0019] The emitter of the transistor is connected to the alarm, the base of the transistor is connected to the photoelectric sensor, and the collector of the transistor is connected to the light-emitting element;

[0020] When the photovoltaic support sinks, the transistor is turned on, the light-emitting element emits light, and the alarm emits a buzzer sound.

[0021] According to a photovoltaic support settlement observation device provided by the present invention, the photoelectric sensor is installed on the photovoltaic support through a mounting frame, a strip groove is opened on the side of the mounting frame, and the photoelectric sensor is installed in the strip groove through an adjustment component;

[0022] The adjusting component has a locked state and an unlocked state. When the adjusting component is in the locked state, the photoelectric sensor is fixed in the strip groove; when the adjusting component is in the unlocked state, the photoelectric sensor can slide up and down in the strip groove.

[0023] According to a photovoltaic bracket settlement observation device provided by the present invention, the adjustment component is a locking bolt. When the nut of the locking bolt fits against the mounting frame, the locking bolt is in a locked state. When the nut of the locking bolt is separated from the mounting frame, the locking bolt is in an unlocked state.

[0024] The present invention further provides a photovoltaic support settlement observation method, which is applied to the photovoltaic support settlement observation device described in the first aspect, and the method comprises:

[0025] Obtain the relative distance between the photoelectric sensor and the observed marker in real time;

[0026] Whether the photovoltaic bracket in the photovoltaic bracket group has settled is determined based on the relative distance, and when the photovoltaic bracket has settled, the sound and light alarm component is controlled to perform an alarm action.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The photovoltaic bracket settlement observation device provided by the present invention directly observes the relative distance between the photovoltaic bracket and the observation marker through a photoelectric sensor, thereby monitoring the settlement of the photovoltaic bracket itself and adjacent photovoltaic brackets. Compared with the existing ground-based INSAR monitoring technology, it consumes less cost and requires less proficiency from the staff. In addition, it has higher detection accuracy, solving the problems of poor general usability and high operating costs in the existing technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the photovoltaic support settlement observation device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic support in the present invention when settlement occurs;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply assembly in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a battery controller;

[0034] Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of an audible and visual alarm assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a photoelectric sensor installation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is a side view of a photoelectric sensor installation structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 1: Photovoltaic bracket; 2: Photovoltaic panel; 3: Alarm; 4: Photoelectric sensor; 5: Observation marker; 6: Battery controller; 7: Battery; 8: Light-emitting element; 9: Resistor; 10: Transistor; 11: Mounting frame; 12: Strip groove; 13: Adjustment component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The present invention provides a photovoltaic support settlement observation device. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the photovoltaic support settlement observation device provided by the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown, the observation device is applied to a photovoltaic bracket group, which includes two photovoltaic brackets 1. The observation device includes a power supply assembly, a settlement observation assembly, and an audio-visual alarm assembly, which are connected in sequence. The power supply assembly is used to power the settlement observation assembly and the audio-visual alarm assembly. The settlement observation assembly includes a photoelectric sensor 4 mounted on one photovoltaic bracket 1 and an observation marker 5 mounted on another photovoltaic bracket 1. The photoelectric sensor 4 is used to detect the relative distance of the observation marker 5 and, based on the relative distance, determine whether a photovoltaic bracket 1 in the photovoltaic bracket group has settled. If a photovoltaic bracket 1 settles, the photoelectric sensor 4 controls the audio-visual alarm assembly to activate an alarm.

[0041] In this device, the photoelectric sensor 4 comprises a light source, a photosensor, and a circuit controller. The light source emits a beam of light that passes through a lens or reflector to form a detection area. When the light is blocked by an object, the intensity of the light received by the photosensor changes, thereby transmitting a signal to the circuit controller. When installing the above-mentioned observation device, the distance between the photoelectric sensor 4 and the observation marker 5 is between 1 and 5 meters to prevent excessive loss of optical signal transmission and reduced detection accuracy.

[0042] When the photovoltaic support 1 with the observation marker 5 installed sinks, the photoelectric sensor 4 can directly observe the offset of the distance of the observation marker 5, thereby detecting that the photovoltaic support 1 has sunk. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic bracket in the present invention when it sinks. According to the trigonometric formula:

[0043]

[0044] in, α represents the offset angle, y Indicates the vertical distance, x Indicates the horizontal distance. For example, if the distance between two adjacent photovoltaic brackets is 1m ( x =1m), the photovoltaic bracket 1 where the photoelectric sensor 4 is located has a 1° settlement offset ( α =1°), then the actual offset between two adjacent bracket groups is y=17.46cm. The photoelectric sensor can promptly detect the offset of the opposite photovoltaic support 1. Therefore, even if the photovoltaic support 1 where the photoelectric sensor 4 is located undergoes a slight angle change in settlement, the actual offset reflected on the two adjacent photovoltaic supports 1, as calculated by the formula, is significant, facilitating accurate and timely monitoring of the offset amplitude of the entire photovoltaic support 1. Compared to existing ground-based INSAR monitoring technology, this device consumes less cost and requires less skilled personnel. Furthermore, it has higher detection accuracy, resolving the issues of poor general usability and high operating costs present in existing technologies.

[0045] Since the photovoltaic supports are all set outdoors, in order to facilitate the power supply to the electrical equipment in the observation device, in some embodiments, Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power supply component in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the power supply assembly includes a battery 7, which is installed on the same photovoltaic bracket 1 as the photoelectric sensor 4, and the output end of the battery 7 is connected to the photoelectric sensor; the power supply assembly also includes a photovoltaic panel 2, which is connected to the input end of the battery 7.

[0046] In this embodiment, the battery 7 is a 3000mA battery that can power the photoelectric sensor 4 and the sound and light alarm components, ensuring that the observation device can operate normally even at night. The photovoltaic panel 2 can convert solar energy into electrical energy to supplement the battery 7, further conserving electricity resources.

[0047] During operation, the battery 7 may be overcharged or over-discharged. Overcharging may vaporize the electrolyte in the battery, while over-discharging may cause premature battery failure. Both overcharging and over-discharging may affect the service life of the battery 7. Therefore, in a further embodiment, the power supply assembly further includes a battery controller 6, a first end of the battery controller 6 being connected to the photovoltaic panel 2, and a second end of the battery controller 6 being connected to the battery 7.

[0048] The main function of the battery controller 6 is to control the voltage of the battery so that it can provide a stable voltage for the power supply process of other electrical structures of the observation device and its own charging process. Specifically, the battery controller 6 is responsible for monitoring the output voltage, current and temperature and other parameters of the photovoltaic panel 2, and adjusting the circuit in real time according to these parameters to ensure the stable operation of the photovoltaic panel 2 and the safety of the photovoltaic power generation system. The controller manages the flow of charge between the photovoltaic panel 2 and the battery 7 to ensure the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery 7. When the lighting conditions are good, the electric energy collected by the photovoltaic panel 2 is transferred to the battery 7 for storage, and when the lighting conditions are poor or the light disappears, the electric energy stored in the battery 7 is released to other loads of the observation device for use. The battery controller 6 can also control the usage amount and time of the load to achieve matching between the photovoltaic power generation system and the load, prevent the battery 7 from over-discharging, and thus extend the service life of the battery.

[0049] The voltage in this embodiment is stabilized at 12V, for example, Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a battery controller, which is a 12V / 24V automatic identification controller suitable for various lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries, nitrogen-ballasted batteries, etc. A display screen is provided in the upper middle part of the battery controller 6, and a single-chip control button, a voltage setting button, a built-in timer button, and a full charge protection button are provided in the upper left part. The lower side of the battery controller 6 is provided with input and output ports for connecting to the photovoltaic panel 2 and the battery 7. Through the battery controller 6, the interface parameters can be browsed cyclically on the display screen, and the full setting, discharge recovery voltage and discharge cut-off voltage can be set by selecting the controller working mode. When the voltage of the battery 7 rises to a certain level, the charging of the battery 7 is stopped to protect the battery 7 from overcharging or over-discharging, which greatly improves the normal use time of the battery 7.

[0050] In some embodiments, the sound and light alarm assembly includes a light-emitting element 8 and an alarm 3 connected to a photoelectric sensor 4; when the photovoltaic bracket 1 sinks, the photoelectric sensor 4 controls the light-emitting element 8 to emit light and controls the alarm 3 to emit a buzzing sound.

[0051] In this embodiment, when the photovoltaic bracket 1 sinks, the alarm in the form of sound and light combined with the light-emitting element 8 and the alarm 3 can more easily attract the attention of the staff, which helps the staff to discover the sinking failure of the photovoltaic bracket 1 in time.

[0052] Furthermore, the sound and light alarm component also includes a resistor 9, and the two ends of the resistor 9 are respectively connected to the first end and the second end of the photoelectric sensor 4. The resistor 9 is a current-limiting element in the observation device, which prevents the circuit from outputting excessive current due to problems and burning the alarm 3 and the light-emitting element 8. Since the sound and light alarm component needs to work within a certain current range, excessive current may damage its electronic components or cause overheating. The presence of resistor 9 can limit the magnitude of the current and prevent it from exceeding the range that the sound and light alarm component can withstand, thereby protecting the sound and light alarm component from damage. In addition, resistor 9 can also play a role in stabilizing the current in the circuit, ensuring that the sound and light alarm component can obtain a stable current supply, thereby ensuring its normal operation. By reasonably selecting the resistance value of resistor 9, the current in the circuit can be controlled so that it operates within a safe range.

[0053] Regarding the control process of the sound and light alarm component by the photoelectric sensor 4: the photoelectric sensor 4 is integrated with a photoelectric switch, which is a normally open switch; when the photovoltaic bracket 1 sinks, the photoelectric switch is closed, the light-emitting element 8 emits light, and the alarm 3 emits a buzzer sound.

[0054] Specifically, the photoelectric switch is the actuating switch for the sound and light alarm assembly. When light is blocked by an object, the light intensity received by the photodetector changes. The circuit controller controls the on / off state of the photoelectric switch based on this change, thereby outputting an actuating signal to the sound and light alarm assembly. If, after sedimentation occurs, the photoelectric switch loses the ability to detect the observed marker 5, it emits a high-level signal. Upon receiving this high-level signal, the alarm 3 emits an audible alarm. Furthermore, the photoelectric switch provides a signal to the light-emitting element 8, which then emits a light alarm.

[0055] As another embodiment, Figure 5 : is a circuit diagram of an audible and visual alarm assembly in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the sound and light alarm assembly includes a transistor 10, and the light-emitting element 8 is a light-emitting diode. The emitter (E) of transistor 10 is connected to the alarm 3, the base (B) of transistor 10 is connected to the photoelectric sensor 4, and the collector (C) of transistor 10 is connected to the light-emitting element 8. When the photovoltaic bracket 1 sinks, transistor 10 turns on, the light-emitting element 8 illuminates, and the alarm 3 emits a buzzing sound. In this embodiment, the photoelectric sensor 4 controls the conduction of transistor 10 by controlling the pulse signal at the base of transistor 10. Transistor 10 acts as the "switch" that controls the sound and light alarm assembly. When transistor 10 is on, the voltage between the CE electrodes is very low, lower than the PN junction conduction voltage, resulting in a short circuit between the CE electrodes, and the "switch" is in the open state. When transistor 10 is in the off state, the current between the CE electrodes is very low, equivalent to an open circuit, and the "switch" is in the closed state.

[0056] In this embodiment, in order to protect the circuit, the resistor 9 is placed between the base of the transistor 10 and the photoelectric sensor 4. Resistor 9 serves a protective function. When the transistor 10 is subjected to excessive current, it is prone to overheating or damage. Adding a resistor 9 of appropriate size limits the current, thereby protecting the transistor 10 and other circuit components from damage. Adding resistor 9 can also prevent excessive voltage fluctuations in the circuit. The base current of the transistor 10 is determined by the control voltage. If resistor 9 is not added, voltage fluctuations will cause the base current to be excessive, which in turn will cause the transistor 10 to overheat and damage. Adding resistor 9 can also suppress harmonic distortion of the output voltage.

[0057] When installing the photoelectric sensor 4, in order to make the photoelectric sensor 4 and the observation marker 5 on the same horizontal line, it is necessary to fine-tune the position of the photoelectric sensor 4. Therefore, in some embodiments, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a photoelectric sensor installation structure in one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a side view of a photoelectric sensor installation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the photoelectric sensor 4 is mounted on the photovoltaic support 1 via a mounting bracket 11. A strip groove 12 is formed on the side of the mounting bracket 11. The photoelectric sensor 4 is mounted in the strip groove 12 via an adjustment assembly 13. The adjustment assembly 13 has a locked state and an unlocked state. When the adjustment assembly 13 is in the locked state, the photoelectric sensor 4 is fixed in the strip groove 12; when the adjustment assembly 13 is in the unlocked state, the photoelectric sensor 4 can slide up and down in the strip groove 12.

[0058] In this embodiment, the mounting bracket 11 is fixed to the purlins of the photovoltaic support 1. Specifically, welding, riveting, and bolting can be used to reduce installation costs. When fine-tuning the photoelectric sensor 4 is required, the adjustment assembly 13 is simply unlocked. The position of the photoelectric sensor 4 can then be adjusted up and down within the strip groove 12 until it is aligned with the observation marker 5. The adjustment assembly 13 is then locked to achieve fine-tuning of the photoelectric sensor 4.

[0059] Specifically, the adjustment assembly 13 is a locking bolt. When the locking bolt's nut is in contact with the mounting bracket 11, the locking bolt is in a locked state. When the locking bolt's nut is separated from the mounting bracket 11, the locking bolt is in an unlocked state. The stud of the locking bolt passes through the strip groove 12 and is connected to the housing of the photoelectric sensor 4 via a bearing. In actual use, the locking bolt is loosened to separate the nut from the mounting bracket 11, at which point the locking bolt is in an unlocked state. The locking bolt is tightened to fit the nut against the mounting bracket 11. Under the action of frictional resistance, the locking bolt and the photoelectric sensor 4 are restricted from sliding up and down, achieving a locked state.

[0060] The present invention also provides a photovoltaic bracket settlement observation method, which is applied to the above-mentioned photovoltaic bracket settlement observation device. The method includes: obtaining the relative distance between the photoelectric sensor and the observation marker in real time; judging whether the photovoltaic bracket in the photovoltaic bracket group has settled based on the relative distance, and controlling the sound and light alarm component to perform an alarm action when the photovoltaic bracket has settled.

[0061] In this method, when the photovoltaic support 1 with the observation marker 5 installed sinks, the photoelectric sensor 4 can directly observe the offset of the distance of the observation marker 5, thereby detecting that the photovoltaic support 1 has sunk. Figure 2 As shown, according to the trigonometric function formula:

[0062]

[0063] in, α represents the offset angle, y Indicates the vertical distance, x Indicates the horizontal distance. For example, if the distance between two adjacent photovoltaic brackets is 1m ( x =1m), the photovoltaic bracket 1 where the photoelectric sensor 4 is located has a 1° settlement offset ( α =1°), then the actual offset between two adjacent bracket groups is y =17.46cm. The photoelectric sensor can promptly detect the offset of the opposite photovoltaic support 1. Therefore, even if the photovoltaic support 1 where the photoelectric sensor 4 is located undergoes a slight angle change in settlement, the actual offset reflected on the two adjacent photovoltaic supports 1, as calculated by the formula, is significant, facilitating accurate and timely monitoring of the offset amplitude of the entire photovoltaic support 1. Compared to existing ground-based INSAR monitoring technology, this device consumes less cost and requires less skilled personnel. Furthermore, it has higher detection accuracy, resolving the issues of poor general usability and high operating costs present in existing technologies.

[0064] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic support settlement observation device, characterized in that: The observation device is applied to a photovoltaic bracket group, wherein the photovoltaic bracket group includes two photovoltaic brackets (1); the observation device includes a power supply component, a settlement observation component, and an audible and visual alarm component connected in sequence; The power supply component is used to supply power to the settlement observation component and the sound and light alarm component; The settlement observation assembly comprises a photoelectric sensor (4) mounted on one of the photovoltaic brackets (1), and an observation marker (5) mounted on another photovoltaic bracket (1); the photoelectric sensor (4) is used to detect the relative distance of the observation marker (5), and to determine whether the photovoltaic bracket (1) in the photovoltaic bracket group has settled based on the relative distance; When the photovoltaic support (1) sinks, the photoelectric sensor (4) controls the sound and light alarm component to perform an alarm action; The photoelectric sensor (4) is mounted on the photovoltaic support (1) via a mounting frame (11); a strip groove (12) is provided on a side of the mounting frame (11); and the photoelectric sensor (4) is mounted in the strip groove (12) via an adjustment assembly (13); The adjusting component (13) has a locked state and an unlocked state. When the adjusting component (13) is in the locked state, the photoelectric sensor (4) is fixed in the strip groove (12); when the adjusting component (13) is in the unlocked state, the photoelectric sensor (4) can slide up and down in the strip groove (12); The adjustment component (13) is a locking bolt. When the nut of the locking bolt fits into the mounting frame (11), the locking bolt is in a locked state. When the nut of the locking bolt is separated from the mounting frame (11), the locking bolt is in an unlocked state.

2. The photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply assembly includes a battery (7), the battery (7) and the photoelectric sensor (4) are mounted on the same photovoltaic bracket (1), and the output end of the battery (7) is connected to the photoelectric sensor; The power supply assembly further comprises a photovoltaic panel (2), and the photovoltaic panel (2) is connected to the input end of the storage battery (7).

3. The photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply assembly further comprises a battery controller (6), a first end of the battery controller (6) being connected to the photovoltaic panel (2), and a second end of the battery controller (6) being connected to the storage battery (7).

4. The photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound and light alarm assembly comprises a light emitting element (8) connected to the photoelectric sensor (4) and an alarm (3); When the photovoltaic support (1) sinks, the photoelectric sensor (4) controls the light-emitting element (8) to emit light, and controls the alarm (3) to emit a buzzer sound.

5. The photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sound and light alarm assembly further comprises a resistor (9), and two ends of the resistor (9) are respectively connected to the first end and the second end of the photoelectric sensor (4).

6. The photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The photoelectric sensor (4) is integrated with a photoelectric switch, and the photoelectric switch is a normally open switch; When the photovoltaic support (1) sinks, the photoelectric switch is closed, the light-emitting element (8) emits light, and the alarm (3) emits a buzzing sound.

7. The photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sound and light alarm assembly includes a triode (10), and the light emitting element (8) is a light emitting diode; The emitter of the transistor (10) is connected to the alarm (3), the base of the transistor (10) is connected to the photoelectric sensor (4), and the collector of the transistor (10) is connected to the light-emitting element (8); When the photovoltaic support (1) sinks, the transistor (10) is turned on, the light-emitting element (8) emits light, and the alarm (3) emits a buzzing sound.

8. A photovoltaic support settlement observation method, applied to the photovoltaic support settlement observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the relative distance between the photoelectric sensor and the observed marker in real time; Whether the photovoltaic bracket in the photovoltaic bracket group has settled is determined based on the relative distance, and when the photovoltaic bracket has settled, the sound and light alarm component is controlled to perform an alarm action.

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