Automatic tool setting device and detection method for non-spherical optical element shaping machine tool

Abstract

An automatic tool setting device and detection method for a non-spherical optical element shaping machine tool, belonging to the field of ultra-precision three-axis shaping machine tool processing technology. The method integrates PSD optical lever amplification and pressure sensing technology to construct a high-efficiency detection system, which realizes the fine capture and precise measurement of pressure changes. The device can accurately locate the position of the flexible shaping head and the part to be shaped, effectively overcoming the limitations of the prior art. It includes a flexible shaping head and an automatic tool setting device; the flexible shaping head completes the tool setting operation of the part to be shaped through the automatic tool setting device. The present invention provides a more efficient and accurate tool setting solution, which can significantly shorten the tool setting time and reduce the labor intensity of technicians, while ensuring and improving the processing accuracy, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire processing process and product quality. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy disassembly and assembly, low cost and high precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ultra-precision three-axis shaping machine tool processing, and in particular relates to an automatic tool setting device and a detection method for a non-spherical optical element shaping machine tool. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of optical technology, aspheric optical components play a key role in cutting-edge fields such as space optical systems, biomedicine, and military industry due to their unique performance. Compared with traditional optical components, aspheric design can bring better optical performance, such as enhancing imaging quality, optimizing aberration correction, expanding the field of view, and reducing the weight and volume of the overall system. These advantages make aspheric optical components an indispensable part of modern optical systems. How to ensure that the processed aspheric surfaces have high processing accuracy has become an important challenge and key issue in optical processing technology.

[0003] At present, in the shaping process of aspheric optical components, the key step of tool setting often relies on manual work by technicians. That is, the shaping head is manually manipulated to slowly approach the starting point of the modified part to be processed, and the docking is completed with the assistance of a strong flashlight and the intuitive judgment of the naked eye. However, this traditional manual tool setting method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also seems to be inadequate for the high-precision processing of aspheric optical components. Since the surface accuracy of these components is required to reach the sub-micron or even micron level, the inefficiency and instability of manual tool setting lead to unnecessary extension of processing time and reduce processing accuracy, which seriously restricts processing efficiency. What is more serious is that this method may cause the quality of the final product to fail to meet the design requirements, thereby increasing production costs and affecting the overall economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to accurately complete the tool setting of the shaping head in the shaping process of aspheric optical elements, the present invention further provides an automatic tool setting device and a detection method for an aspheric optical element shaping machine tool. The method integrates PSD optical lever amplification and pressure sensing technology to construct a high-efficiency detection system, which realizes the fine capture and precise measurement of pressure changes. The device can accurately locate the position of the flexible shaping head and the part to be modified, effectively overcoming the limitations of the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] An automatic tool setting device for a non-spherical optical element shaping machine tool comprises a flexible shaping head and an automatic tool setting device; the flexible shaping head, the automatic tool setting device and the modified part are all installed on the machine tool, and the flexible shaping head completes the tool setting operation on the modified part through the automatic tool setting device.

[0007] A method for detecting a non-spherical optical element shaping machine tool comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Install the automatic tool setting device on the machine platform and ensure that the machine platform is level;

[0009] S2. Make sure that the optical lever reflector is only subject to its own gravity, turn on the laser generator, and observe the receiving position of the light spot on the PSD;

[0010] S3. The optical lever reflector is brought into contact with the modified part, and the relative position of the optical lever reflector and the modified part is adjusted to ensure that the receiving position of the light spot projected onto the PSD does not change;

[0011] S4. Move the flexible shaping head so that the flexible shaping head contacts the pressure sensor;

[0012] S5. Observe the receiving position of the light spot on the PSD, and adjust the relative position of the flexible shaping head and the pressure sensor so that the position of the light spot on the PSD is the same as that in S2;

[0013] S6. Observe the pressure information of the flexible shaping head displayed by the pressure sensor, fine-tune the position of the flexible shaping head in the X-axis direction, and when the reading of the pressure sensor becomes zero, that is, when there is no pressure contact between the flexible shaping head and the pressure sensor, stop moving the flexible shaping head immediately and record the position of the flexible shaping head at this time;

[0014] S7. Remove the automatic tool setting device, and move the flexible shaping head to the recorded position along the positive direction of the X-axis to a distance equal to the total thickness of the pressure sensor and the optical lever reflector. At this time, the tool setting is successful.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention provides a more efficient and accurate tool setting solution, which can significantly shorten the tool setting time and reduce the labor intensity of technicians, while ensuring and improving the processing accuracy, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire processing process and product quality.

[0017] 2. The present invention integrates PSD optical lever and pressure sensing technology to create an efficient automatic tool setting detection device, which realizes high-precision positioning and detection of aspheric optical element modification. The device reduces human intervention, improves processing accuracy and efficiency, reduces costs, and enhances product market competitiveness. Its simple structural design is easy to install and manufacture at low cost, suitable for large-scale commercial applications, and brings innovative technological progress and economic benefits to precision optical manufacturing.

[0018] 3. The present invention relies on the PSD optical lever amplification principle and pressure sensing technology to build a highly efficient detection system, which achieves fine capture and precise measurement of pressure changes. The device can accurately locate the position of the flexible shaping head and the shaped part, effectively overcoming the limitations of the existing technology.

[0019] 4. The present invention can not only greatly reduce the uncertainty caused by human factors, but also achieve more precise control to ensure that each shaping can achieve the expected effect, thereby improving processing efficiency while reducing production costs and enhancing the market competitiveness of products.

[0020] 5. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient assembly and disassembly, low cost and high precision, and is conducive to commercialization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is the front view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is an axonometric view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible trimming head for tool alignment of the present invention;

[0024] Among them: 1. Part to be trimmed; 2. Flexible trimming head; 3. Automatic tool setting device; 3-1. Laser generator; 3-2. Device bracket; 3-3. PSD; 3-4. Slider; 3-5. Guide rail; 3-6. Pressure sensor; 3-7. Optical lever reflector; 3-8. Flexible hinge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic tool setting device for a non-spherical optical element shaping machine tool, comprising a flexible shaping head 2 and an automatic tool setting device 3; the flexible shaping head 2, the automatic tool setting device 3 and the modified part 1 are all installed on the machine tool, and the flexible shaping head 2 completes the tool setting operation on the modified part 1 through the automatic tool setting device 3.

[0027] The automatic tool setting device 3 includes a laser generator 3-1, a device bracket 3-2, a PSD3-3, a guide rail 3-5, an optical lever reflector 3-7 and two sliders 3-4; a horizontally arranged guide rail 3-5 is installed on the upper end of the device bracket 3-2, and the two sliders 3-4 are slidably installed on the guide rail 3-5, the PSD3-3 and the optical lever reflector 3-7 are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right and are installed on the two sliders 3-4, the optical lever reflector 3-7 is arranged between the flexible shaping head 2 and the modified part 1, the laser outlet of the laser generator 3-1 is arranged toward the optical lever reflector 3-7, the laser generator 3-1 is arranged on the same side as the PSD3-3, and is installed on the device bracket 3-2.

[0028] The upper end of the optical lever reflector 3-7 is provided with a flexible hinge 3-8, which is connected to the corresponding slider 3-4 through the flexible hinge 3-8. The optical lever reflector 3-7 can better realize the rotational movement in the Z-axis direction, and can better fit the aspherical optical element during the tool setting process, thereby improving the tool setting accuracy.

[0029] A pressure sensor 3-6 is provided on the side of the optical lever reflector 3-7 away from the modified part 1, and the pressure sensor 3-6 is at the same height as the center of the modified part 1.

[0030] The present invention provides a detection method for a non-spherical optical element shaping machine tool, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1. To ensure the correct calibration of the optical system, the automatic tool setting device 3 is installed on the machine platform to ensure that the machine platform is level;

[0032] S2. Determine that the optical lever reflector 3-7 is not in contact with the trimmed part 1 and the flexible trimming head 2, and is only subject to its own gravity, turn on the laser generator 3-1, and observe the receiving position of the light spot on the PSD3-3;

[0033] S3. Make the optical lever reflector 3-7 contact with the modified part 1, adjust the relative position of the optical lever reflector 3-7 and the modified part 1, so that the optical lever reflector 3-7 and the modified part 1 are in contact, but no force is applied to each other, and the optical lever reflector 3-7 is not offset, so as to ensure that the receiving position of the light spot projected on the PSD3-3 does not change; at the same time, ensure that the pressure sensor 3-6 and the center of the modified part 1 are at the same height;

[0034] S4. Move the flexible shaping head 2 so that the flexible shaping head 2 contacts the pressure sensor 3-6;

[0035] S5. Observe the light spot receiving position on PSD3-3, adjust the relative position of the flexible shaping head 2 and the pressure sensor 3-6, so that the light spot position on PSD3-3 is the same as that in S2;

[0036] S6. Observe the pressure information of the flexible shaping head 2 displayed by the pressure sensor 3-6, and fine-tune the position of the flexible shaping head 2 in the X-axis direction to achieve a state where the flexible shaping head 2 is in contact with the pressure sensor 3-6, but no force is applied to each other, and the optical lever reflector 3-7 is not offset. When the reading of the pressure sensor 3-6 becomes zero, that is, the flexible shaping head 2 is in no pressure contact with the pressure sensor 3-6, stop moving the flexible shaping head 2 immediately and record the position of the flexible shaping head 2 at this time;

[0037] S7. Remove the automatic tool setting device 3, and move the flexible shaping head 2 to the recording position along the positive direction of the X-axis to a distance equal to the total thickness of the pressure sensor 3-6 and the optical lever reflector 3-7. At this time, the tool setting is successful.

[0038] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic tool setting device for a non-spherical optical element shaping machine tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a flexible shaping head (2) and an automatic tool setting device (3); the flexible shaping head (2), the automatic tool setting device (3) and the workpiece (1) to be shaped are all installed on a machine tool, and the flexible shaping head (2) completes the tool setting operation on the workpiece (1) to be shaped through the automatic tool setting device (3). The automatic tool setting device (3) comprises a laser generator (3-1), a device bracket (3-2), a PSD (3-3), a guide rail (3-5), an optical lever reflector (3-7) and two sliders (3-4); a horizontally arranged guide rail (3-5) is installed on the upper end of the device bracket (3-2), the two sliders (3-4) are slidably installed on the guide rail (3-5), the PSD (3-3) and the optical lever reflector (3-7) are arranged opposite to each other on the left and right and are installed on the two sliders (3-4), and the optical lever reflector (3-7) is installed on the upper end of the device bracket (3-2). The lever reflector (3-7) is arranged between the flexible shaping head (2) and the piece to be shaped (1); the laser outlet of the laser generator (3-1) is arranged toward the optical lever reflector (3-7); the laser generator (3-1) is arranged on the same side as the PSD (3-3) and is mounted on a device bracket (3-2); a pressure sensor (3-6) is arranged on the side of the optical lever reflector (3-7) away from the piece to be shaped (1); and the pressure sensor (3-6) is at the same height as the center of the piece to be shaped (1).

2. The automatic tool setting device for a non-spherical optical element shaping machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible hinge (3-8) is provided at the upper end of the optical lever reflector (3-7), and is connected to the corresponding slider (3-4) via the flexible hinge (3-8).

3. A detection method using the automatic tool setting device of the aspherical optical element shaping machine tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Install the automatic tool setting device (3) on the machine platform and ensure that the machine platform is level; S2. Make sure that the optical lever reflector (3-7) is only subject to its own gravity, turn on the laser generator (3-1), and observe the receiving position of the light spot on the PSD (3-3); S3. bringing the optical lever reflector (3-7) into contact with the modified part (1), adjusting the relative position of the optical lever reflector (3-7) and the modified part (1) to ensure that the receiving position of the light spot projected onto the PSD (3-3) does not change; S4. Moving the flexible shaping head (2) so that the flexible shaping head (2) contacts the pressure sensor (3-6); S5. Observe the receiving position of the light spot on the PSD (3-3), and adjust the relative position of the flexible shaping head (2) and the pressure sensor (3-6) so that the position of the light spot on the PSD (3-3) is the same as that in S2; S6. Observe the pressure information of the flexible shaping head (2) displayed by the pressure sensor (3-6), fine-tune the position of the flexible shaping head (2) in the X-axis direction, and when the reading of the pressure sensor (3-6) becomes zero, that is, when there is no pressure contact between the flexible shaping head (2) and the pressure sensor (3-6), immediately stop moving the flexible shaping head (2) and record the position of the flexible shaping head (2) at this time; S7. Remove the automatic tool setting device (3), and move the flexible shaping head (2) to the recorded position and then move it in the positive direction of the X-axis to a distance equal to the total thickness of the pressure sensor (3-6) and the optical lever reflector (3-7). At this time, the tool setting is successful.

4. The detection method of the aspheric optical element shaping machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S3, it is necessary to ensure that the pressure sensor (3-6) and the center of the modified part (1) are at the same height.

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